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Dynamic Simulating to the Accumulation and Distribution of Dry Matter for Black Walnut(Juglans hindsii) Seedlings

Agricultural Sciences in China 2010年第1期9卷 56-63页

作者： ZHANG Ji-xiang mao zhi-quan SHU Huai-rui WEI Qin-ping State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of Horticultural Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University Tai＇an 271018 P.R.China Institute of Forestry ＆ Pomology Beijing Academy of Agriculture ＆ Forestry Sciences Beijing 100093 P.R.China

It is very important to study eco-physiological processes of plants and to determine quantitative relations between accumulation, distribution of dry matter and environmental factors for regionalization, standardization and precision agriculture. Meanwhile, global changes, e.g., atmospheric CO2 concentration rising, global warming, and climate abnormity, have been effecting on agricultural productivity. This study provides a theoretical basis for predicting productive potentials and development trends in different agricultural regions. One-year-old black walnut （Juglans hindsii） seedlings were employed as subjects for setting up the dynamic models of dry matter accumulation and distribution, based on mechanistic models of photosynthesis, matter conservation and concentration gradient. Under optimum conditions of soil moisture and mineral nutrient, during the period of the canopy construction, the dry matter accumulation of the canopy conformed to logistic curves; but the accumulation of both total biornass and dry matter of stem-root could be divided into two phases： the first phase was exponential increase, the second was linear increase. The total biomass, dry matter of canopy and stem-root all presented a fluctuant increase, which was affected by the environmental factors. Ratio of daily increase of dry matter in the canopy and the steem-root （dWJdWs） was changeable along with growth periods and environmental factors. At the initial stage of the canopy forming, dW/dWs was larger, about 3.2 on average, which indicated that the photosynthetic product was mainly used to develop leaves; in the midterm, it was about 1.9, which indicated that the distribution of dry matter in the canopy and in the stem-root was relatively balanced; when the plant tended to stop growing, dWl/dWs decreased linearly, and the main distribution of dry matter moved to the roots.

关键词： black walnut dry matter accumulation and distribution dynamic model

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腐植酸及其生物降解膜对连作土壤环境及苹果幼苗生长的影响

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中国土壤与肥料 2024年第4期 83-93页

作者：李允高丽萍付尊尊王鹏徐静刘英浩王艳芳毛志泉山东农业大学化学与材料科学学院/农业农村部农膜应用重点实验室山东泰安271018 山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院山东泰安271018 泰安市河湖管理保护服务中心山东泰安271018

盆栽条件下,以平邑甜茶幼苗为试验材料,设置连作土(对照)、灭菌连作土、连作土添加1.5 g·kg^(-1)腐植酸、连作土添加腐植酸生物降解膜、连作土添加1.5 g·kg^(-1)腐植酸和腐植酸生物降解膜5个处理,通过测定处理后平邑甜茶生物量和植株... 详细信息

盆栽条件下,以平邑甜茶幼苗为试验材料,设置连作土(对照)、灭菌连作土、连作土添加1.5 g·kg^(-1)腐植酸、连作土添加腐植酸生物降解膜、连作土添加1.5 g·kg^(-1)腐植酸和腐植酸生物降解膜5个处理,通过测定处理后平邑甜茶生物量和植株根系生长状况、土壤微生物数量、土壤酶活性、土壤养分含量等指标,研究腐植酸及其生物降解膜对连作土壤环境及平邑甜茶幼苗生长的影响。8月取样结果表明,与对照相比,腐植酸和腐植酸生物降解膜复合处理使得平邑甜茶幼苗株高、地径、鲜质量、干质量分别提高了72.56%、58.50%、196.20%、250.81%;根表面积、根体积和根系超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶活性较连作土相比分别提高了74.93%、143.75%和63.40%、100.85%、72.57%;腐植酸及其生物降解膜还可以改善土壤环境,施用后土壤中细菌数量明显增加,真菌数量减少,细菌/真菌值增大,细菌、放线菌数量分别比对照提高了115.79%、135.14%,真菌数量降低了87.25%,细菌/真菌值增大了16倍,且土壤有机质及营养元素含量也有所提升,9月变化趋势与8月一致。综上所述,腐植酸及其生物降解膜改善了土壤环境,促进了平邑甜茶幼苗的生长,可有效减轻平邑甜茶的连作障碍。

关键词：腐植酸腐植酸生物降解膜连作障碍

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Replanting Affects the Tree Growth and Fruit Quality of Gala Apple

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第8期13卷 1699-1706页

作者： LIU En-tai WANG Gong-shuai LI Yuan-yuan SHEN Xiang CHEN Xue-sen SONG Fu-hai WU Shu-jing CHEN Qiang mao zhi-quan College of Horticultural Science and Engineering/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology Shandong Agricultural University Qingdao Bright Moon Bluesea Bio-Tech Co Ltd. Faculty of Landscape Architecture College of Art Shandong Jianzhu University

Apple replant disease（ARD） causes the inhibition of root system development, stunts tree growth and so on. To further investigate the effects of ARD on apple fruits, a 25-year-old apple orchard was remediated to establish a replant orchard between November 2008 and March 2009. A rotational cropping orchard was established on an adjacent wheat field. The cultivar and rootstock-scion combination used in the newly established orchards was Royal Gala/M26/Malus hupehensis Rehd. Ripe fruits were collected in mid-August 2011 and mid-August 2012, meanwhile, the following indices were measured： yield per plant; fruit weight; the fruit shape index; the contents of anthocyanin, carotenoid and chlorophyll; the soluble sugar content in the flesh; titratable acid; the sugar-acid ratio; firmness; and aroma components; apple plant ground diameter, plant height increment and the total length of the current-year shoots. The results showed that compared to rotational cropping, continuous cropping yielded statistically significant reductions in fruit weight and yield per plant of 39.8 and 76.5%, respectively. However, there were no changes in the fruit shape index. The anthocyanin and carotenoid contents decreased by 81.7 and 37.7%, respectively, while the chlorophyll content increased by 251.0%. All of these differences in content were statistically significant. The soluble sugar levels and sugar-acid ratio decreased by 25.4 and 60.9%, respectively, but the titratable acid levels and fruit firmness increased by 90.9 and 42.8%, respectively. Ten of the most important esters contributing to the apple aroma were analyzed, and the following changes were observed： hexyl acetate, butyl acetate, hexyl butyrate, acetate-2-methyl butyl, 2-methyl-hexyl butyrate, amyl acetate, butyl butyrate, 2-methyl-butyl butyrate, hexyl propionate and hexyl hexanoate decreased by 25.5, 78.4, 89.1, 55.5, 79.5, 77.2, 86.8, 69.9, 61.2, and 68.1%, respectively. The contents of three other aroma components,（E）-2-h

关键词： apple fruit replanting quality yield

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Design and fabrication of self-suspending aluminum-plastic/semiconductor photocatalyst devices for solar energy conversion

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 615-625页

作者： zhi-Ang Zhao Jingyun mao Chengjing Lu Shuangqiao Yang Qingrong Qian Qinghua Chen Hun Xue Xiaoli Sun Min-quan Yang College of Environmental and Resource Sciences College of Carbon Neutral Modern IndustryFujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource ReuseFujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

The design and synthesis of self-suspending photocatalyst device with easy recyclability is important for practical ***,this work utilizes aluminum-plastic package waste as raw material to prepare an aluminum-plastic supported TiO_(2)(AP-TiO_(2))photocatalyst device through 3D printing design and surface deposition method.A series of characterizations were carried out to explore the structure,morphology and performance of the AP-TiO_(2)*** UV light illumination,the AP-TiO_(2)-50 efficiently degrade 93.6%tetracycline hydrochloride(THC)after 4 hr,which increases by 8.3%compared with that of TiO_(2)powder suspension system with the same catalyst *** on it,AP-ZnO,AP-CdS,AP-g-C_3N_4and AP-Pt-TiO_(2)are also fabricated,and applied in photocatalytic degradation and hydrogen evolution,which all exhibit higher photoactivities than powder suspension *** work provides a new avenue for the fabrication of advanced recyclable photocatalyst ***,the work offers a novel sight for the high-value utilization of aluminum-plastic package waste,which has positive implications for environmental protection.

关键词： TiO_(2) Self-suspending Photocatalyst device Aluminum plastic

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Precise Asymptotics in Limit Theorems for a Supercritical Branching Process with Immigration in a Random Environment

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第8期40卷 1850-1874页

作者： Chun mao HUANG Rui ZHANG zhi Qiang GAO Department of Mathematics Harbin Institute of Technology(Weihai)Weihai 264209P.R.China School of Mathematical Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875P.R.China

Let(Zn)be a supercritical branching process with immigration in an independent and identically distributed random *** necessary moment conditions,we show the exact convergence rate in the central limit theorem on log Zn and establish the corresponding local limit theorem by using the moments of the natural submartingale and the convergence rates of its *** similar approach and with the help of a change of measure,we also present the so-called integrolocal theorem and integral large deviation theorem to characterize the precise asymptotics of the upper large deviations.

关键词： Branching process with immigration random environment central limit theorem large deviation

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Effects of Cinnamon Acid on Respiratory Rate and Its Related Enzymes Activity in Roots of Seedlings of Malus hupehensis Rehd.

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2010年第6期9卷 833-839页

作者： GAO Xiang-bin,ZHAO Feng-xia,SHEN Xiang,HU Yan-li,HAO Yun-hong,YANG Shu-quan,SU Li-tao and mao zhi-quan State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/College of Horticultural Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/College of Horticultural Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 P.R.China

This paper studied the effects of cinnamon acid treatments on the respiratory rate and related enzymes activity in the seedling roots of Malus hupehensis *** would provide information for understanding the mechanisms of inhibition damage caused by continuous cultivation of apple tree.20 mL of solution containing different concentrations of cinnamon acid was added into container with the tested *** treatment,the samples were taken periodically and the respiratory rates were measured by OXY-LAB oxygen electrodes under 25°C stable temperature and then the activities of related enzymes were *** rates of total respiration and other 2 pathways [tricarboxylic acid cycle （TCA） and pentose phosphate pathway （PPP）] appeared initially an increasing treads and late （on the 3rd d） began to ***,they again appeared an increase trend at the end period,on the contrast,the respiratory rate of embden-meyer- hot-parnas （EMP） pathway appeared a stead decline tread but it had a recover on the last *** respiratory rate of total and 3 pathways were decreased under 125 mg kg-1 （soil）.The dynamic trends of the enzymes activities of pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase （PFK）,glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase （G-6-PDH） and malate dehydrogenase （MDH） showed *** conclusion,treatments of certain concentration of cinnamon acid would inhibit the respiratory rate and related enzymes activity of roots of *** *** the inhibition degrees were positively related with concentration of cinnamon acid treatments.

关键词： cinnamon acid Malus hupehensis Rehd. roots respiratory rate enzymes activity

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Molecular investigation into the transformation of recalcitrant dissolved organic sulfur in refinery sour water during stripping process

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 2112-2119页

作者： Yu-Guo Li Chen He Chun-mao Chen Fan Liu quan Shi State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China State Key Laboratory of Coal Mining and Clean Utilization Beijing 100013China PetroChina Ningxia Petrochemical Company Yinchuan 750021NingxiaChina

Refinery sour water primarily originates from the tops of towers in various units and coker condensate,and cannot be discharged directly to a wastewater treatment plant due to high levels of chemical oxygen demand(COD)and organic sulfur *** after the recovery of H_(2)S from the sour water by the stripping process,the effluent still contains a high concentration of dissolved organic sulfur(DOS),which can have a huge bad *** chemical composition of dissolved organic matter(DOM)in refinery wastewater has been extensively studied,the investigation of recalcitrant DOS from sour waters remains *** the present study,chemical composition of sour water DOMs(especially DOS)was investigated using fluorescence spectroscopy(excitation-emission matrix,EEM)and mass spectrometry,including gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)and high-resolution Orbitrap *** GC-MS and EEM results showed that volatile and low-aromaticity compounds were effectively removed during the stripping process,while compounds with high hydrophilicity and humification degree were found to be more *** Orbitrap MS results showed that weak-polar oxygenated sulfur compounds were easier to be removed than oxygenated ***,the effluent still contained significant amounts of sulfur-containing compounds with multiple sulfur atoms,particularly in the form of highly unsaturated and aromatic *** Orbitrap MS/MS results of CHOS-containing compounds from the effluent indicate that the sulfur atoms may exist as sulfonates,disulfide bonds,*** the composition and structure of sour water DOS is crucial for the development of effective treatment processes that can target polysulfide compounds and minimize their impact on the environment.

关键词： Molecular transformation Dissolved organic sulfur Stripping process Refinery sourwater Orbitrap MS

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Hydrodynamic Performance of An Integrated System of Breakwater and A Multi-Chamber OWC Wave Energy Converter

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第4期38卷 543-556页

作者： NING De-zhi ZHANG Xiang-yu WANG Rong-quan ZHAO Ming State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Dalian Key Laboratory of Offshore Renewable Energy Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China School of Computing Engineering and MathematicsUniversity of Western SydneyPenrith NSW 2751Australia

A multi-chamber oscillating water column wave energy converter(OWC-WEC)integrated to a breakwater is *** hydrodynamic characteristics of the device are analyzed using an analytical model based on the linear potential flow theory.A pneumatic model is employed to investigate the relationship between the air mass flux in the chamber and the turbine *** effects of chamber width,wall draft and wall thickness on the hydrodynamic performance of a dual-chamber OWC-WEC are *** results demonstrate that the device,with a smaller front wall draft and a wider rear chamber exhibits a broader effective frequency *** device with a chamber-width-ratio of 1:3 performs better in terms of power ***,results from the analysis of a triplechamber OWC-WEC demonstrate that reducing the front chamber width and increasing the rearward chamber width can improve the total performance of the *** the number of chambers from 1 to 2 or 3 can widen the effective frequency bandwidth.

关键词： oscillating water column power extraction efficiency potential flow theory wave energy converter multi-chamber

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Neutron irradiation influence on high-power thyristor device under fusion environment

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 65-81页

作者： Wei Tong Hua Li Meng Xu zhi-quan Song Bo Chen School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Institute of Plasma Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China

Because of their economy and applicability,high-power thyristor devices are widely used in the power supply systems for large fusion *** high-dose neutrons produced by deuterium–tritium(D–T)fusion reactions are irradiated on a thyristor device for a long time,the electrical characteristics of the device change,which may eventually cause irreversible *** this study,with the thyristor switch of the commutation circuit in the quench protection system(QPS)of a fusion device as the study object,the relationship between the internal physical structure and external electrical parameters of the irradiated thyristor is ***,a series of targeted thyristor physical simulations and neutron irradiation experiments are conducted to verify the accuracy of the theoretical *** addition,the effect of irradiated thyristor electrical characteristic changes on the entire QPS is studied by accurate simulation,providing valuable guidelines for the maintenance and renovation of the QPS.

关键词： Fusion device Neutron irradiation effects Thyristor Quench protection

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Effect of Mo and cold forging deformation on strength and ductility of cobalt-based alloy L605

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第7期31卷 1811-1823页

作者： Zhong-lin Wang zhi-hua Gong quan Li Han-sheng Bao School of Materials and Metallurgy Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou 014017Inner MongoliaChina Institute of Special Steels Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Co.Ltd.Beijing 100081China

Mo element was added to cobalt-based alloy L605,and cold forging deformation was *** effects of the addition and cold forging deformation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy were studied by thermodynamic calculation,electron backscatter diffraction,transmission electron microscopy,and X-ray *** stacking fault energy(SFE)of the alloy decreased after the addition,and the formation of stacking faults and intersections were promoted to improve the strength and *** tensile strength of the alloy with Mo increased from 1190 to 1702 MPa after 24%cold deformation,producing significant work *** strengthening mechanism is strain-induced martensitic transformation(SIMT)and deformation *** alloy,combined with Mo and after 24%deformation,had both high strength and ductility in comparison with the original cobalt-based alloy *** is attributed to the lower SFE which caused the increase in stacking fault *** the tensile process,theε-hcp phase was easily generated at the stacking fault to reduce the stress concentration and increase the *** SIMT by adjusting the density of stacking faults can improve the mechanical properties of cobalt-based ***ε-hcp phase,the interaction between deformation twins and dislocations,and the interaction between e-hcp phases during cold forging deformation caused local stress concentration,lowering ductility and toughness.

关键词： Cobalt-based alloy-Stacking fault energy Strain-induced martensitic transformation Deformation twin Cold forging deformation

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