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Atmospheric particle-bound mercury in the northern Indo-Gangetic Plain region:Insights into sources from mercury isotope analysis and influencing factors

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第1期13卷 85-95页

作者： Junming Guo Lekhendra Tripathee Shichang Kang Qianggong Zhang Jie Huang Chhatra mani Sharma Pengfei Chen Rukumesh Paudyal Dipesh Rupakheti State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Himalayan Environment Research Institute(HERI) KathmanduNepal Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China Central Department of Environmental Science Tribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal

Lumbini is a world heritage site located in the southern plains region of Nepal, and is regarded as a potential site for evaluating transboundary air pollution due to its proximity to the border with India. In this study, 82 aerosol samples were collected between April 2013 and July 2014 to investigate the levels of particulate-bound mercury(PBM) and the corresponding seasonality, sources, and influencing *** PBM concentration in total suspended particulate(TSP) matter ranged from 6.8 pg m^(-3) to351.7 pg m^(-3)(mean of 99.7 ± 92.6 pg m^(-3)), which exceeded the ranges reported for remote and rural sites worldwide. The Hg content(PBM/TSP) ranged from 68.2 ng g^(-1) to 1744.8 ng g^(-1)(mean of 446.9 ±312.7 ng g^(-1)), indicating anthropogenic enrichment. The PBM levels were higher in the dry season(i.e.,winter and the pre-monsoon period) than in the wet season(i.e., the monsoon period). In addition, the δ^(202) Hg signature indicated that waste/coal burning and traffic were the major sources of Hg in Lumbini during the pre-monsoon period. Meanwhile, precipitation occurring during photochemical processes in the atmosphere may have been responsible for the observed Δ^(199) Hg values in the aerosol samples obtained during the monsoon period. The PBM concentration was influenced mostly by the resuspension of polluted dust during dry periods and crop residue burning during the post-monsoon period. The estimated PBM deposition flux at Lumbini was 15.7 lg m^(-2) yr^(-1). This study provides a reference dataset of atmospheric PBM over a year, which can be useful for understanding the geochemical cycling of Hg in this region of limited data.

关键词： Particle-bound mercury Seasonality Mercury isotopes Deposition flux Indo-Gangetic Plain

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Deep Residual Network Based on Image Priors for Single Image Super Resolution in FFA Images

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2020年第10期125卷 125-143页

作者： G.R.Hemalakshmi D.Santhi V.R.S.mani A.Geetha N.B.Prakash National Engineering College Kovilpatti628503India

Diabetic retinopathy,aged macular degeneration,glaucoma *** widely prevalent ocular pathologies which are irreversible at advanced *** learning based automated detection of these pathologies facilitate timely clinical interventions,preventing adverse *** screen these pathologies with fundus Fluorescein Angiography Images(FFA)which capture retinal components featuring diverse morphologies such as retinal vasculature,macula,optical disk ***,these images have low resolutions,hindering the accurate detection of ocular *** of high resolution images from these images,by super resolution approaches expedites the diagnosis of pathologies with better *** paper presents a deep learning network for Single Image Super Resolution(SISR)of fundus fluorescein angiography images,modeled on residual learning,gridded interpolation and Swish activation *** image prior for this network is constructed by gridded interpolation which provides better image fidelity compared to other *** of the performance of this network and comparative analysis with benchmark architectures,on a standard dataset shows that the proposed network is superior with respect to performance metrics and computational time.

关键词： SISR FFA residual network gridded interpolation swish function

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Pareto optimization of WEDM process parameters for machining a NiTi shape memory alloy using a combined approach of RSM and heat transfer search algorithm

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Advances in Manufacturing 2021年第1期9卷 64-80页

作者： Rakesh Chaudhari Jay J.Vora S.S.mani Prabu I.A.Palani Vivek K.Patel D.M.Parikh Department of Mechanical Engineering School of TechnologyPandit Deendayal Petroleum UniversityRaisanGandhinagar 382007India Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science Indian Institute of Technology IndoreIndore 453552India Discipline of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology IndoreIndore 453552India Department of Industrial Engineering School of TechnologyPandit Deendayal Petroleum UniversityRaisanGandhinagar 382007India

Machining of shape memory alloys(SMAs)without losing the shape memory effect could immensely extend their ***,the wire electric discharge machining process was used to machine NiTi—a shape memory *** experimental methodology was designed using a Box-Behnken design approach of the response surface *** effects of input variables including pulse on time,pulse off time,and current were investigated on the material removal rate,surface roughness,and *** tests were performed to check the robustness of the generated empirical *** of the process parameters was performed using a newly formulated,highly efficient heat transfer search *** tests were conducted and extended for analyzing the retention of the shape memory effect of the machined surface by differential scanning *** addition,2D and 3D Pareto curves were generated that indicated the trade-offs between the selected output variables during the simultaneous output variables using the multi-objective heat transfer search *** optimization route yielded encouraging *** objective optimization yielded a maximum material removal rate of 1.49 mm^(3)/s,maximum microhardness 462.52 HVN,and minimum surface roughness 0.11μ*** Pareto curves showed conflicting effects during the wire electric discharge machining of the shape memory alloy and presented a set of optimal non-dominant *** shape memory alloy machined using the optimized process parameters even indicated a shape memory effect similar to that of the starting base material.

关键词： Shape memory alloy(SMA) Nitinol Wire electrical discharge machining(WEDM) Heat transfer search algorithm Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)test Shape memory effect

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An Investigation of Landslide Susceptibility Using Logistic Regression and Statistical Index Methods in Dailekh District, Nepal

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Chinese Geographical Science 2022年第5期32卷 834-851页

作者： DIL Kumar RAI XIONG Donghong ZHAO Wei ZHAO Dongmei ZHANG Baojun NIRMAL mani DAHAL WU Yanhong MUHAMMAD Aslam BAIG Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment(IMHE) Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Kathmandu Center for Research and Education Chinese Academy of Sciences-Tribhuvan UniversityKathmandu 44613Nepal

Landslide distribution and susceptibility mapping are the fundamental steps for landslide-related hazard and disaster risk management activities, especially in the Himalaya region which has resulted in a great deal of death and damage to property. To better understand the landslide condition in the Nepal Himalaya, we carried out an investigation on the landslide distribution and susceptibility using the landslide inventory data and 12 different contributing factors in the Dailekh district, Western Nepal. Based on the evaluation of the frequency distribution of the landslide, the relationship between the landslide and the various contributing factors was ***, the landslide susceptibility was calculated using logistic regression and statistical index methods along with different topographic(slope, aspect, relative relief, plan curvature, altitude, topographic wetness index) and non-topographic factors(distance from river, normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI), distance from road, precipitation, land use and land cover, and geology), and 470(70%) of total 658 landslides. The receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis using 198(30%) of total landslides showed that the prediction curve rates(area under the curve, AUC) values for two methods(logistic regression and statistical index) were 0.826, and 0.823with success rates of 0.793, and 0.811, respectively. The values of R-Index for the logistic regression and statistical index methods were83.66 and 88.54, respectively, consisting of high susceptible hazard classes. In general, this research concluded that the cohesive and coherent natural interplay of topographic and non-topographic factors strongly affects landslide occurrence, distribution, and susceptibility condition in the Nepal Himalaya region. Furthermore, the reliability of these two methods is verified for landslide susceptibility mapping in Nepal’s central mountain region.

关键词： landslide characteristics landslide susceptibility logistic regression statistical index Nepal Himalaya

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Signal or cue: the role of structural colors in flower pollination

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Current Zoology 2019年第4期65卷 467-481页

作者： Jair E. Garcia mani Shrestha Scarlett R. Howard Phred Petersen Adrian G. Dyer School of Media and Communication RMIT University Melbourne Victoria 3001 Australia Faculty of Information Technology Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia

Angle dependent colors, such as iridescenee, are produced by structures present on flower petals changing their visual appearanee. These colors have been proposed to act as signals for plantinsect communication. However, there is a paucity of behavioral data to allow for interpretations of how to classify these colors either as a signal or a cue when con sidering the n atural con ditions under which pollination occurs. We sampled flowers from 6 plant species across various viewpoints looking for changes in the visual appearanee of the petals. Spectral characteristics were measured with different instruments to simulate both the spectral and spatial characteristics of honeybee's vision. We show the presenee of color patches produced by angle dependent effects on the petals and the calyx of various species;however, the appearance of the angle dependent color patches significantly varies with viewpoint and would only be resolved by the insect eye at close distances. Behavior experiments with honeybees revealed that pollinators did not use angle dependent colors to drive behavior when presented with novel flower presentations. Results show that angle dependent colors do not comply with the requirements of a signal for plant-pollinator communication since the information transmitted by these colors would be unreliable for potential, free-flying pollination vectors. We thus classify angle dependent colors produced by micro- and ultra-structures as being a cue (a feature which has not evolved for communication), and observe no evidence supporting claims of these angle dependent colors having evolved as visual signal.

关键词： approach angle color flower iridescence photography pollination vision

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Mental health promotion for elderly populations in World Health Organization South-East Asia Region:Needs and resource gaps

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第1期12卷 117-127页

作者： Nisha mani Pandey Rakesh Kumar Tripathi Sujita Kumar Kar K L Vidya Nitika Singh Department of Geriatric Mental Health King George's Medical UniversityLucknow 226003Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Psychiatry King George's Medical UniversityLucknow 226003Uttar PradeshIndia

The accelerated population growth of the elderly(individuals aged 60 years or more)across the globe has many indications,including changes in demography,health,the psycho-social milieu,and economic *** transition has given rise to varied challenges;significant changes have been observed in regard to developing strategies for health care systems across the *** World Health Organization(WHO)is also engaging in initiatives and mediating ***,advocacy is being conducted regarding a shift toward the salutogenic model from the pathogenic *** concept behind this move was to shift from disablement to enablement and from illness to wellness,with the notion of mental health promotion(MHP)being *** article attempts to discuss the MHP of elderly individuals,with special reference to the need to disseminate knowledge and awareness in the community by utilizing the resources of the health sector available in the WHO South-East Asia Region *** have tried to present the current knowledge gap by exploring the existing infrastructure,human resources,and financial *** is much to do to promote the mental health of the elderly,but inadequate facilities are *** on available resources,a roadmap for MHP in elderly individuals is discussed.

关键词： Mental health promotion Elderly Mental healthcare needs Resource gaps World health organization

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State-Based Offloading Model for Improving Response Rate of IoT Services

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第6期67卷 3721-3735页

作者： K.Sakthidasan Bhekisipho Twala S.Yuvaraj K.Vijayan S.Praveenkumar Prashant mani C.Bharatiraja Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and ScienceChennai603103India Faculty of Engineering Built Environment Durban University of Technology(DUT)UniversityDurban4001South Africa SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur603203India SRM Institute of Science and Technology NCR CampusModinagar201204India

The Internet of Things(IoT)is a heterogeneous information sharing and access platform that provides services in a pervasive *** and computation offloading in the IoT helps to improve the response rate and the availability of *** offloading in a service-centric IoT environment mitigates the complexity in response delivery and request *** this paper,the state-based task offloading method(STOM)is introduced with a view to maximize the service response rate and reduce the response time of the varying request *** proposed method is designed using the Markov decision-making model to improve the rate of requests *** defining optimal states and filtering the actions based on the probability of response and request analysis,this method achieves less response *** on the defined states,request processing and resource allocations are performed to reduce the backlogs in handling multiple *** proposed method is verified for the response rate and time for the varying requests and processing servers through an experimental *** the experimental analysis,the proposed method is found to improve response rate and reduce backlogs,response time,and offloading factor by 11.5%,20.19%,20.31%,and 8.85%,respectively.

关键词： Decision-making internet of things markov model task offloading task graph

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Inter-caste Marriage in Eastern Nepal： Context and Its Consequences

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International Relations and Diplomacy 2018年第2期6卷 93-101页

作者： Tanka mani Poudel Padmakanya Multiple Campus Bagbazar KathmanduNepal

This study explores the current situation of inter-caste marriage in Eastern Nepal. It is based on a sample of 30 inter-caste couples collected in Sunsari District. It basically describes the extent and pattern of inter-caste marriage and responsible factors to be engaged in inter-caste marriage among diverse social groups. Inter-caste marriage is not only a matter of individual relation; it is also a matter of society and social transformation from traditional to modern. Love and affection, age factors, good moral character of the lower caste, modernization, migration, education, mass media, and identity based moments are taken major motivational factors for inter-caste marriage. Inter-caste couples are victimized from various factors of traditional society; they are facing different kinds of problems from their family, relatives, and society. Family problems, social problems, cultural problems, and psychological problems are the common for them.

关键词： caste inter-caste marriage endogamy hyper gamy hypo gamy

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Social prescribing for healthy aging:sustaining social capital in India

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2017年第3期5卷 208-210页

作者： Geetha mani Department of Community Medicine Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Science and Research CentreTamil NaduIndia

The proportion of the geriatric population is increasing globally,and the resultant demographic burden is becoming a significant public health *** from physical ill health associated with aging,social changes such as urbanization,migration,breakdown of the joint family system,inadequate living space,and the generation gap have a negative impact on the mental well-being of elderly *** need to adopt a holistic *** prescribing or community referral comprises a plethora of possible nonmedical interventions aimed at supporting people with mental health *** prescribing projects in developed countries have shown significant results in terms of improved quality of life,self-confidence,social belonging,reduced physician visits,and reduced prescription of psychotropic *** adoption of social prescribing measures in developing countries could be an effective step in converting the demographic burden of the geriatric population into a significant social capital contributing to the well-being of elderly people as well as the country.

关键词： Social prescribing community referral elderly geriatric mental health

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SMS 2.0: An Updated Database to Study the Structural Plasticity of Short Peptide Fragments in Non-redundant Proteins

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2012年第1期10卷 44-50页

作者： Dheeraj Ravella Muthukumarasamy Uthaya Kumar Durairaj Sherlin mani Shankar Marthandan Kirti Vaishnavi Kanagaraj Sekar Bioinformatics Centre (Centre of Excellence in Structural Biology and Bio-computing) Supercomputer Education and Research Centre Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India

The function of a protein molecule is greatly influenced by its three-dimensional （3D） structure and therefore structure prediction will help identify its biological function. We have updated Sequence, Motif and Structure （SMS）, the database of structurally rigid peptide fragments, by combining amino acid sequences and the corre- sponding 3D atomic coordinates of non-redundant （25%） and redundant （90%） protein chains available in the Protein Data Bank （PDB）. SMS 2.0 provides information pertaining to the peptide fragments of length 5-14 resi- dues. The entire dataset is divided into three categories, namely, same sequence motifs having similar, intermedi- ate or dissimilar 3D structures. Further, options are provided to facilitate structural superposition using the pro- gram structural alignment of multiple proteins （STAMP） and the popular JAVA plug-in （Jmol） is deployed for visualization. In addition, functionalities are provided to search for the occurrences of the sequence motifs in other structural and sequence databases like PDB, Genome Database （GDB）, Protein Information Resource （PIR） and Swiss-Prot. The updated database along with the search engine is available over the World Wide Web through the following URL http：//***/sms/.

关键词： non-redundant protein chains sequence motifs 3D structure structural superposition

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