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Distribution Control Centers in the US and Europe:Commonalities,Differences,and Lessons

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第2期10卷 259-268页

作者： Subramanian Vadari Izudin Dzafic Dan'l koch Ryan Murphy Daniel Hayes Jr. Tarik Donlagic Modem Grid Solutions New YorkUSA University of Sarajevo Faculty of Electrical EngineeringSarajevoBosnia and Herzegovina R.Murphy are with Puget Sound Energy BellevueUSA Commonwealth Edison ChicagoUSA Siemens AG ErlanglenGermany

The distribution control center(DCC)has evolved from a sideshow in the traditional distribution service center to a major centerpiece of the utility moving into the decentralized ***,this is the place where much of the action is happening due to new forms of energy that are coining into the distribution *** creates the flexibility of operation and in-creased complexity due to the need for increased coordination between the transmission control center and ***,the US and European utilities have adapted to this change in very different ***,we describe the research works done in a DCC and their evolutions from the perspectives of major US utilities,and those enhanced by the European perspective focusing on the coordination of distribution system operator and transmission system operator(DSO-TSO).We pres-ent the insights into the systems used in these control centers and the role of vendors in their *** this paper,we present the perspectives of challenges,operational capabilities,and the involvement of various parties who will be re-sponsible to make the transition *** differences are pointed out on how distribution operations are conducted between the US and Europe.

关键词： Distribution control center(DCC) power system operation distributed generation asset flexibility volt-var optimization and control.

Carbonates as Foaming Agent in Chip-based Aluminium Foam Precursor

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2010年第9期26卷 845-850页

作者： Marco Haesche Dirk Lehmhus Jrg Weise manfred Wichmann Irene Cristina Magnabosco Mocellin University of Bremen Fraunhofer IFAM Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis

Replacement of TiH2 as foaming agent by CaCO3（lime） and CaMg（CO3）2（dolomite） for AlMg4.5-and AlSi9Cu3-foams was investigated considering inluences on foaming capability and cellular *** materials were produced from alloy chip and powder mixtures by means of the thixocasting ***9Cu3 variants showed expansion levels suffcient for commercial *** in expansion observed when CaCO3 and CaMg（CO3）2 were compared as foaming agent are explained based on the course of *** performance of dolomite-based foams relies on formation of stabilizing MgO phases,which do not develop during decomposition of CaCO3 in Al-Si-Cu alloys

关键词： Aluminium foam Foaming agent Calcium carbonate Dolomite Stabilisation

Andrea Palladio, 1508-1580

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Real-Time Characterization of Fibrinogen Interaction with Modified Titanium Dioxide Film by Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation

作者： manfred Wundram.

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2014年第3期27卷 355-360页

作者： An-sha Zhao Zhao Wang Xiao-hua Zhu manfred F. Maitz Nan Huang Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technology of Ministry of:Education Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 510031 China Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden Dresden Germany

The adsorption of fibrinogen can be used as a quick indicator of surface haemocompatibility because of its prominent role in coagulation and platelet adhesion. In this work the molecular interaction between fibrinogen and a modified titanium oxide surface/platelet has been studied by quartz crystal microbalanee with dissipation （QCM-D） in situ. In order to further characterize the conformation of adsorbed fibrinogen, αC and γ-chain antibody were used to check the orientation and denaturation of fibrinogen on solid surface. QCM-D investiga- tions revealed the fibrinogen have the trend to adsorb on hydropllilic surface in a side-on orientation by positively charged αC domains, which would reduce the exposure of platelet bonding site on γ chain and enable less platelet adhesion and be activated. These obser- vations suggest that certain conformations of adsorbed fibrinogen are less platelet adhesive than others, which opens a possibility for creating a non-platelet adhesive substrates.

关键词： Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation Fibrinogen adsorption Confor- mation change Blood platelet

Principles of carbon nanotube dielectrophoresis

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Nano Research 2021年第7期14卷 2188-2206页

作者： Wenshan Li Frank Hennrich Benjamin S.Flavel Simone Dehm manfred Kappes Ralph Krupke Institute of Nanotechnology Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyKarlsruhe 76021Germany Institute of Physical Chemistry Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyKarlsruhe 76021Germany Institute of Materials Science Technische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadt 64287Germany Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyKarlsruhe 76021Germany School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo.800 Dongchuan RoadShanghai 200240Chin

Dielectrophoresis(DEP)describes the motion of suspended objects when exposed to an inhomogeneous electric *** has been successful as a method for parallel and site-selective assembling of nanotubes from a dispersion into a sophisticated device *** have conducted extensive works to understand the DEP of nanotubes in aqueous ionic surfactant ***,only recently,DEP was applied to polymer-wrapped single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)in organic solvents due to the availability of ultra-pure SWCNT *** this paper,the focus is on the difference between the DEP in aqueous and organic *** starts with an introduction into the DEP of carbon nanotubes(CNT-DEP)to provide a comprehensive,in-depth theoretical background before discussing in detail the experimental procedures and *** academic interests,this work focuses on the CNT-DEP deposition scheme,discusses the importance of the electrical double layer,and employs finite element simulations to optimize CNT-DEP deposition condition with respect to the experimental *** important outcome is an understanding of why DEP in organic solvents allows for the deposition and alignment of SWCNTs in low-frequency and even static electric fields,and why the response of semiconducting SWCNTs(s-SWCNTs)is strongly enhanced in non-conducting,weakly polarizable *** to further improve CNT-DEP for s-SWCNT-relevant applications are given as ***,this work should serve as a practical guideline to select the appropriate setting for effective CNT DEPs.

关键词： single-walled carbon nanotubes hydrodynamics assembly deposition alignment polarizability dielectrophoresis

一种达到最高效率的新型软切换三电平逆变器拓扑结构(英文)

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中国电机工程学报 2013年第21期33卷 1-8,187页

作者： manfred W.Gekeler HTWG康斯坦茨应用科技大学

软开关三电平逆变器（soft switching three-level inverter,S3L）于2011年首次推出。它代表了脉宽调制（pulsewidth modulation,PWM）逆变器的一种新的拓扑结构,应用于电力驱动,光伏和风力发电厂的并网逆变器,以及用于供电领域。因其... 详细信息

软开关三电平逆变器（soft switching three-level inverter,S3L）于2011年首次推出。它代表了脉宽调制（pulsewidth modulation,PWM）逆变器的一种新的拓扑结构,应用于电力驱动,光伏和风力发电厂的并网逆变器,以及用于供电领域。因其结构非常简单,所以价格相当低廉。它完全在软切换模式下运行,并且持续表现出极低的切换损耗。其结果是,效率非常高,而且可以实现特别高的切换频率。该论文对其功能进行描述,还展示一部输出电源为20~90 kVA的逆变器样品,并对测试结果作详细说明。

关键词：逆变器三电平逆变器软切换效率电力驱动并网逆变器光伏逆变器风力发电逆变器

Vessel density in OCT angiography permits differentiation between normal and glaucomatous optic nerve heads

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第5期11卷 835-843页

作者： Claudia Lommatzsch Kai Rothaus Joerg Michael koch Carsten Heinz Swaantje Grisanti Department of Ophthalmology St.Franziskus Hospital Department of Ophthalmology University of Essen Department of Ophthalmology University of Luebeck

AIM：To evaluate whether optical coherence tomography angiography（OCTA） can detect altered vessel density（VD） at the optic nerve head（ONH） in glaucoma *** attention is paid to the accuracy of the OCTA technique for distinguishing healthy from glaucomatous ***：A total of 171 eyes were examined by the OCTA system Angio Vue^TM（Optovue）：97 eyes diagnosed with glaucoma and 74 healthy control *** papillary and peripapillary VD was ***,the VD was correlated with different structural and functional *** order to test the accuracy of differentiation between eyes with and without glaucoma,we calculated the receiver operating characteristic curve（ROC） and the area under the curve（AUC）.RESULTS：The papillary and peripapillary VD in glaucomatous eyes was significantly lower than in healthy eyes（P〈0.05）.The VD of the nasal peripapillary sector was significantly lower than in the other *** further the disease had progressed [measured by determining the thickness of the ganglion cell complex（GCC） and the retinal nerve fiber layer（RNFL）] the greater the VD *** AUC discriminated well between glaucomatous and normal eyes（consensus classifier 94.2%）.CONCLUSION：OCTA allows non-invasive quantification of the peripapillary and papillary VD,which is significantly reduced in glaucomatous eyes and accurately distinguishes between healthy and diseased *** expands the spectrum of procedures for detecting and monitoring glaucoma.

关键词： optical coherence tomography angiography glaucoma optic nerve head blood flow

THE CLIMATO-ECOLOGICAL FUNDAMENTALS OF THE “MANMADE COMMUNITIES” OF TROPICAL PERENNIAL CROPS ON HAINAN ISLAND, CHINA

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自然资源学报 1993年第1期 46-62页

作者： manfred DOMRSInstitute for Geography, University of Mainz ,Germany

According to the leading national classification of the climate of China, given by B. Huang (revised version 1986), Hainan falls into the tropical climatic realm, subdivided into a "peripheral tropical" type for the northern part and a "middle tropical" type for the southern part of the island. While all-year-round frost-free conditions define the tropics in general, the 20t-isotherm for the coldest month represents the boundary between the peripheral tropical and middle tropical types. Compared to the tropical climate in general, Hainan experiences distinctly lower winter temperatures which thus result in a larger annual temperature variation. In terms of precipitation, Hainan records a long rainy season through the southwest monsoon and typhoon seasons from May until October while winter precipitation is comparably lower. Representing two agroclimatic hazards, strong typhoon winds and cold waves seriously affect Hainan. Although to be defined as "marginal tropica-1", the climatic conditions on Hainan

关键词： Hainan island rubber-cum tea farms "manmade communities

Meta-analysis of laparoscopic vs open cholecystectomy in elderly patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第46期20卷 17626-17634页

作者： Stavros A Antoniou George A Antoniou Oliver O koch Rudolph Pointner Frank A Granderath Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery Hospital Neuwerk41066 M?nchengladbachGermany Department of General Surgery University General Hospital of Heraklion71500 CreteGreece Department of Vascular Surgery Red Cross Hospital11526 AthensGreece Department of General and Visceral Surgery Sisters of Charity Hospital4020 LinzAustria Department of General and Visceral Surgery Hospital Zell am See5700 Zell am SeeAustria

AIM:To investigate the comparative effect of laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy in elderly ***:Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has induced a revolution in the treatment of gallbladder ***,surgeons have been reluctant to implement the concepts of minimally invasive surgery in older patients.A systematic review of Medline was embarked on,up to June *** which provided outcome data on patients aged 65 years or older,subjected to laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy were ***,morbidity,cardiac and pulmonary complications were the outcome measures of treatment *** methodological quality of selected studies was appraised using valid assessment tools.Τhe random-effects model was applied to synthesize outcome ***:Out of a total of 337 records,thirteen articles(2 randomized and 11 observational studies)reporting on the outcome of 101559 patients(48195in the laparoscopic and 53364 in the open treatment group,respectively)were *** ratios(OR)were constantly in favor of laparoscopic surgery,in terms of mortality(1.0%vs 4.4%,OR=0.24,95%CI:0.17-0.35,P<0.00001),morbidity(11.5%vs 21.3%,OR=0.44,95%CI:0.33-0.59,P<0.00001),cardiac(0.6%vs 1.2%,OR=0.55,95%CI:0.38-0.80,P=0.002)and respiratory complications(2.8%vs 5.0%,OR=0.55,95%CI:0.51-0.60,P<0.00001).Critical analysis of solid study data,demonstrated a trend towards improved outcomes for the laparoscopic concept,when adjusted for age and co-morbid ***:Further high-quality evidence is necessary to draw definite conclusions,although bestavailable evidence supports the selective use of laparoscopy in this patient population.

关键词： Laparoscopic Open cholecystectomy Surgery Elderly Older Geriatric Complications Mortality Morbidity