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Mathematical Analysis of the Transmission Dynamics of Tuberculosis

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American Journal of Computational Mathematics 2019年第3期9卷 158-173页

作者： Jannatun Nayeem Israt sultana Department of Arts and Sciences Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh

We develop a dynamical model to understand the underlying dynamics of TUBERCULOSIS infection at population level. The model, which integrates the treatment of individuals, the infections of latent and recovery individuals, is rigorously analyzed to acquire insight into its dynamical features. The phenomenon resulted due to the exogenous infection of TUBERCULOSIS disease. The mathematical analysis reveals that the model exhibits a backward bifurcation when TB treatment remains of infected class. It is shown that, in the absence of treatment, the model has a disease-free equilibrium (DEF) which is globally asymptotically stable (GAS) and the associated reproduction threshold is less than unity. Further, the model has a unique endemic equilibrium (EEP), for a special case, whenever the associated reproduction threshold quantity exceeds unity. For a special case, the EEP is GAS using the central manifold theorem of Castillo-Chavez.

关键词： TUBERCULOSIS Model SIR Model Equilibria Stability Castillo-Chavez Theorem Disease Dynamics Disease Endemic Equilibrium

A cross sectional study on antibiotic resistance pattern of Salmonella typhi clinical isolates from Bangladesh

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第4期4卷 306-311页

作者： Adnan Mannan Mohammad shohel sultana Rajia Niaz Uddin Mahmud Sanjana Kabir Imtiaj Hasan Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of Chittagong Department of Pharmacy North South University Department of Pharmacy Varendra University Department of Computer Science & Engineering BGC Trust University Bangladesh Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Rajshahi University Laboratory of Glycobiology and Marine Biochemistry Department of Life and Environmental System ScienceGraduate School of Nano BiosciencesYokohama City University

Objective:To investigate and compare the resistance and sensitivity of Salmonella typhi samples to commonly used antibiotics in three major divisions of Bangladesh and to evaluate the gradually developing resistance ***:The antibiotic susceptibility of 70 clinical isolates collected from blood,sputum,urine and pus samples were identified by specific antisera and with standard biochemical *** patients were divided into 5 age *** and resistance was also tested by KirbyBauer disc-diffusion method using 12 regularly used ***:Antibiotic susceptibility test demonstrated that 64.28%isolates of Salmonella typhi were multidrug *** study suggests that the clinical samples were mostly resistant against nalidixic acid with all age groups and in all three divisions with similar resistance *** is more common among adult people(30-40 years)and children(0-10 years).Salmonella typhi was mostly sensitive against gentamycin,chloramphenicol and ***:Although the population density of Dhaka region is markedly higher than Rajshahi and Chittagong regions,no significant difference in resistance pattern was *** rate of multidrug resistance is a matter of *** should reconsider before prescribing nalidixic acid and *** molecular study is needed to reveal the genomic and proteomic basis of resistance.

关键词： Bangladesh Salmonella typhi Resistance Susceptibility Antibiotic

Hamiltonian Formulation for Water Wave Equation

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2013年第2期3卷 75-81页

作者： Shamima sultana Zillur Rahman Department of Applied Mathematics University of Rajshahi Rajshahi Bangladesh

This paper concerns the development and application of the Hamiltonian function which is the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy of the system. Two dimensional water wave equations for irrotational, incompressible, inviscid fluid have been constructed in cartesian coordinates and also in cylindrical coordinates. Then Lagrangian function within a certain flow region is expanded under the assumption that the dispersion μ and the nonlinearity ε satisfied . Using Hamilton’s principle for water wave evolution Hamiltonian formulation is derived. It is obvious that the motion of the system is conservative. Then Hamilton’s canonical equation of motion is also derived.

关键词： Water Wave Equation Lagrangian Function Hamiltonian Function Hamilton’s Canonical Equation of Motion

Status and ethno-medicinal usage of invasive plants in traditional health care practices: a case study from northeastern Bangladesh

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Journal of Forestry Research 2011年第4期22卷 649-658页

作者： Mohammed Abu Sayed Arfin Khan Fahmida sultana Md. Habibur Rahman Bishwajit Roy Sawon Istiak Anik Department of Forestry and Environmental Science School of Agriculture and Mineral Sciences Shahjalal University of Science and Technology Sylhet 3114 Bangladesh

Species diversity and ethno-medicinal usage of 39 species of invasive plants were explored in and around two protected areas, Khadimnagar National Park （KNP） and Rema-Kalenga Wildlife Sanctu- ary （RKWS）, of northeastern Bangladesh,. Status of invasive plants were investigated in 60 sample plots with 5 different habitat types, including forest, roadside, homestead, fallow land and others （ponds, canals, water logged areas, agricultural land, etc.）. Data about the usage of invasive plants in traditional health care were collected through interviewing 110 households. Among the five habitat types, fallow land （28 species）.possessed the highest number of species, followed by roadside （25 species）, forest （23 species）, homestead （22 species） and others （13 species）. Based on the survey, invasive plants of study areas were also categorized into five degrees of invasiveness e.g., naturalized, introduced, possibly invasive, moderately invasive and highly invasive. Additionally, there is the linear trend between degrees of invasivaness and use percentage of invasive plants. Total 39 species of invasive plants belonging to 29 families were recorded, which are generally used to treat 37 diseases, ranging from simple headache to highly complicated eye and heart diseases. The majority of the species used by the local inhabitants were herbs （16 species）, followed by some shrubs （11 species）, climbers （5 species）, trees （5 species） and grasses （2 species）. The use percentage of aboveground plant parts were higher （70.58%） than that of underground plant parts （16.18%）.

关键词： diversity usage invasive species medicinal plants ethno-medicine protected areas

Risk Factor Assessment of Coal Mine Drainage Water on Surrounding Agricultural Soil: A Case Study at Barapukuria in Bangladesh

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2016年第2期4卷 7-17页

作者： Sharmin sultana Pradip Kumar Biswas Aminur Rahman Shanjida sultana Mohammad Nazim Zaman Institute of Mining Mineralogy and Metallurgy Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Khonjonpur Joypurhat Bangladesh

This study is performed to know the contamination level of heavy metals on the surrounding agricultural soils at the site of Barapukuria Coal Mine Company Limited (BCMCL). Total concentrations of eight heavy metals (Cu, As, Cd, Zn, Pb, Cr, Ni and Mn) were measured in that soil. To calculate the contamination level, the enrichment factor (EF), geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and Hakanson potential ecological risk index were done. Igeo values indicated that the study areas at all stations were suffering from moderate contamination with As. The results of enrichment factor revealed that soils in all stations were in extremely high enrichment condition by As metal. Under Hakanson potential ecological risk index, the contamination coefficient () and potential ecological risk index () were calculated. The degree of contamination at BCMCL area reflects moderate contamination. By considering the ecological risk index of a particular heavy metal, the order is as follows: Cd > As > Cu > Pb > Ni > Cr > Zn and Cd has the highest risk index and poses the greatest damage to the BCMCL area’s soil. EF, Igeo values and potential ecological risk index indicate that there is considerable As and Cd pollution, mainly caused by coal mine drainage water.

关键词： Barapukuria Coal Mine Heavy Metal Contamination Coefficient Enrichment Factor Geoaccumulation Index Potential Ecological Risk Index

A Single Center Experience in Biological Therapy for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Saudi Arabia

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2014年第4期4卷 199-206页

作者： sultana Abdulaziz Basem El-Deek Department of Medicine King Fahad Hospital Jeddah KSA King Abdulaziz University Jeddah KSA

Background: Biological therapy is indicated in the treatment of RA (Rheumatoid Arthritis) after failure of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDS) by the ACR/EULAR recommendations. The objective of the study is to describe the characteristics of Saudi patients at the initiation of biological therapy and to evaluate clinical effectiveness of this therapy measured by the disease activity score DAS 28. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of RA (rheumatoid arthritis) patients in King Fahad Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia from January 2005-July 2011. Data were collected from the medical records of all RA patients on biological therapy including: demographics, disease characteristics, comorbid illnesses and DAS 28 score over a period of 1 year. Results: 139 patients were studied (mean age 46 ± 13 years), of which 118 (84%) were females;mean duration of affliction with RA was 7.2 years ranging 1-45 years. Rheumatoid factor (RF) was positive in 88 patients (63.3%) and one or more comorbidities were present in 102 patients (73.3%). First choice of biological drug was ADA (Adalimumab) 44 patients (31.7%) and RTX (Rituximab) was the 2nd frequently prescribed biological drug. Mean DAS 28 activity at baseline was in ADA 41 patients (6.10 ± 1.62), ETA (Etarnercept) 29 patients (6.64 ± 1.42) and RTX 50 patients (6.7 ± 1.32). Moderate to good EULAR response was obtained in 74%, 85.7% and 53.3% at 6 months in ADA, ETA and RTX patients respectively. Moderate to good EULAR response was obtained in 61.8%, 86.6% and 72% in ADA, ETA AND RTX patients respectively at 1 year of treatment. Therapeutic effectiveness was comparable with the response rates in published observational trials. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate daily clinical practice in management of RA. The pattern of prescription is in agreement with the ACR/EULAR recommendations for initiation of biologicals in the treatment of RA.

关键词： Single Center Rheumatoid Arthritis Saudi Arabia Biological DMARDS Disease Activity Biologics

In vivo percutaneous reflectance spectroscopy of fatty liver development in rats suggests that the elevation of the scattering power is an early indicator of hepatic steatosis

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2018年第4期11卷 53-71页

作者： Daqing Piao Jerry W.Ritchey GReed Holyoak Corey R.Wall Nigar sultana Jill K.Murray Kenneth E.Bartels School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Oklahoma State University 202 Engineering South StillwaterOK 74078USA Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Center for Veterinary Health Sciences 002 VTH Oklahoma State University StillwaterOK 74078USA Department of Veterinary Pathobiology Center for Veterinary Health Sciences Oklahoma State University 250 McElroy Hall StillwaterOK 74078USA Graduate Program on Interdisciplinary Sciences Oklahoma State University StillwaterOK 74078USA

This study assessed whether there was a scat tering spectral mar ker quantifiable by reflectance measurements that could indicate early development of hepatic steatosis in rats for potential applications to pre procurement organ *** rats were fed a methionine choline-deficient(MCD)diet and eight rats were fed a normal *** assessment of the liver parenchyma of rats in vivo was performed by percut aneous reflect ance spectroscopy using a single fiber probe at the beginning of diet-intake and arbitrary post-diet-intake times up to 11 weeks to render longitudinal *** sampling of the liver over the duration of diet adm inistration was performed on two MCD diet treated rats and one control rat eutha-nized after reflectance spectroscopy *** images of hematoxylin/eosin-stained liver specimens were analyzed morphometrically to evahuate the lipid size changes associated with the level of *** MCD-diet-treated group(n=16)had mild steatosis in seven rats,moderate in three rats,severe in six rats,and no other significant *** control rats(n=8)developed hepatic *** the parameters retrieved from per-SfS,only the scat tering power(can be either positive or negative)appeared to be statist ically diferent between MCD-treated and control *** scattering power for the 16 MCD-diet-treated livers at the time of euthanasia and presenting various levels of steatosis was 033±0.21,in comparison to 0.036±0.25 of the eight control livers(p=0.0189).When evaluated at days 12 and 13 combined,the scattering power of the 16 MCD-diet-treated livers was 032±0.17,in comparison to 0.10±0.11 of the eight control livers(p=0.0017).All of four MCD-treated livers harvested at days 12 and 13 presented mild steatosis with sub-micron size lipid droplets,even though none of the MCD-treated livers were sonogr aphically remarkable for fatty *** elevation of the scattering power may be a valuable marker indicating ear

关键词： Hepatic steatosis difuse reflect ance spectroscopy liver transplant

Role of Maxillofacial Radiologist in Ballistic Wound: Case Report with Literature Review

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2012年第2期1卷 34-38页

作者： Nishat sultana Ehtaih Sham Vydehi Institute of Medical & Dental Sciences Bangalore India

Gunshot injuries are rather serious but uncommon type of trauma in India. Radiologists can contribute substantially in evaluation and treatment of patients with a gunshot wounds. Plain films, CT, Angiography, and sometimes MR imaging are used to localize shots. This paper describes a case report of shotgun injury to the face and neck and also attempts to illustrate the spectrum of available imaging with relevant findings pertaining to bullets and shotgun pellets in gunshot injuries. Radiologists should be aware of the associated complications and forensic implications when they take on the task of interpreting these images.

关键词： Ballistic Wound Maxillofacial Radiologist Projectile

Mathematical Analysis of Nipah Virus Infections Using Optimal Control Theory

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2016年第6期4卷 1099-1111页

作者： Jakia sultana Chandra N. Podder Department of Computer Science and Engineering Green University of Bangladesh Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Mathematics University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh

The optimal use of intervention strategies to mitigate the spread of Nipah Virus (NiV) using optimal control technique is studied in this paper. First of all we formulate a dynamic model of NiV infections with variable size population and two control strategies where creating awareness and treatment are considered as controls. We intend to find the optimal combination of these two control strategies that will minimize the cost of the two control measures and as a result the number of infectious individuals will decrease. We establish the existence for the optimal controls and Pontryagin’s maximum principle is used to characterize the optimal controls. The numerical simulation suggests that optimal control technique is much more effective to minimize the infected individuals and the corresponding cost of the two controls. It is also monitored that in the case of high contact rate, controls have to work for longer period of time to get the desired result. Numerical simulation reveals that the spread of Nipah virus can be controlled effectively if we apply control strategy at early stage.

关键词： Nipah Virus (NiV) Optimal Control Existence of the State Existence of the Objective Functional Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle Transversality Condition Optimality Condition Hamiltonian (H)