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Enhancing the reusability and interoperability of artificial neural networks with DEVS modeling and simulation

International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2016年第2期7卷 88-108页

作者： David Ifeoluwa Adelani mamadou kaba Traore Department of Computer Science African University of Science and Technology AbujaNigeria LIMOS CNRS UMR 6158 Universit´e Blaise PascalClermont-Ferrand 2 Campus des Cezeaux63173 Aubiere

Artificial neural networks(ANNs),a branch of artificial intelligence,has become a very interesting domain since the eighties when back-propagation(BP)learning algorithm for multilayer feed-forward architecture was introduced to solve nonlinear problems.It is used extensively to solve complex nonalgorithmic problems such as prediction,pattern recognition and clustering.However,in the context of a holistic study,there may be a need to integrate ANN with other models developed in various paradigms to solve a problem.In this paper,we suggest discrete event system specification(DEVS)be used as a model of computation(MoC)to make ANN models interoperable with other models(since all discrete event models can be expressed in DEVS,and continuous models can be approximated by DEVS).By combining ANN and DEVS,we can model the complex configuration of ANNs and express its internal workings.Therefore,we are extending the DEVS-based ANN proposed by Toma et al.[A new DEVS-based generic art-ficial neural network modeling approach,The 23rd European Modeling and Simulation Symp.(Simulation in Industry),Rome,Italy,2011]for comparing multiple configuration parameters and learning algorithms and also to do prediction.The DEVS models are described using the high level language for system specification(HiLLS),[Ma¨ıga et al.,A new approach to modeling dynamic structure systems,The 29th European Modeling and Simulation Symp.(Simulation in Industry),Leicester,United Kingdom,2015]a graphical modeling language for clarity.The developed platform is a tool to transform ANN models into DEVS computational models,making them more reusable and more interoperable in the context of larger multi-perspective modeling and simulation(MAS).

关键词： Artificial neural networks DEVS Z-schema reusability interoperability HiLLS learning algorithm modeling and simulation

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Pterygium Popliteal Syndrome Concerning a Case in the Pediatric Surgery Department of the Donka National Hospital (Conakry CHU)

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第1期12卷 162-169页

作者： Balla Keita mamadou Alpha Toure Mohamed Lamie Sacko mamadou Madiou Barry mamadou Karamba kaba Daniel Agbo-Panzo Pediatric Surgery Department CHU Donka Conakry Guinea Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea Plastic Surgery Department CHU Donka Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Popliteal pterygium syndrome is a rare birth defect, combining craniofacial, genitourinary and musculoskeletal abnormalities. It is an autosomal dominant disease caused by a mutation in the IRF6 gene. We report in this observation the 1st Guinean case corrected by the surgical method as well as a review of the literature for a diagnostic and therapeutic approach. Patient and observation: We present the case of a 7-day old male newborn weighing 2700 g who was received for bilateral cleft lip and palate, lower lip fossa or sinuses, bilateral popliteal pterygium, and triangular skin fold above the hallux. The patient underwent several surgical procedures aimed at correcting these abnormalities. The correction of the pterygium of the lower limbs was ensured by excision of the fibrous band, the tenoplasty in z of the calcaneal tendon on the right side and the skin plasty in z in series then immobilized by plaster splints. The immediate postoperative follow-up was straightforward. Conclusion: Popliteal pterygium syndrome is a rare congenital malformation, the diagnosis is primarily clinical. Early soft tissue lengthening surgery and serial z-skin plasty provide better correction of the knee pterygium. Correct correction of facial abnormalities gives the child a better appearance. The management of this syndrome is multidisciplinary.

关键词： Popliteal Pterygium Congenital Malformation Genetic Disease Pediatric Surgery Multidisciplinary Team

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The high level language for system specification: A model-driven approach to systems engineering

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2016年第1期7卷 180-214页

作者： Hamzat Olanrewaju Aliyu Oumar Maıga mamadou kaba Traore School of Information and Communication Technology Federal University of Technology Minna Gidan-Kwanu Campus MinnaNigeria Universit´e des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies BamakoMali LIMOS CNRS UMR 6158 Universite Blaise Pascal Clermont-FerrandFrance

We present HiLLS(High Level Language for System Specification),a graphical formalism that allows to specify Discrete Event System(DES)models for analysis using methodologies like simulation,formal methods and enactment.HiLLS’syntax is built from the integration of concepts from System Theory and Software Engineering aided by simple concrete notations to describe the structural and behavioral aspects of DESs.This paper provides the syntax of HiLLS and its simulation semantics which is based on the Discrete Event System Specification(DEVS)formalism.From DEVS-based Modeling and Simulation(M&S)perspective,HiLLS is a platform-independent visual language with generic expressions that can serve as a front-end for most existing DEVS-based simulation environments with the aid of Model-Driven Engineering(MDE)techniques.It also suggests ways to fill some gaps in existing DEVS-based visual formalisms that inhibit complete specification of the behavior of complex DESs.We provide a case study to illustrate the core features of the language.

关键词： HiLLS modeling and simulation integrated formalism DEVS Object-Z

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野猪肝脏戊型肝炎病毒的检测

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中国畜牧兽医 2009年第12期36卷 30-30页

作者： mamadou kaba 晋大鹏

在工业化国家，戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）的传播途径还是未知的，但许多研究结果表明，HEV可能是一种由猪引起的动物传染病。本试验旨在研究HEV在野猪中的患病率及野猪和家猪、人的HEV序列间的遗传关系。试验选取法国东南部的285头野猪，利用... 详细信息

在工业化国家，戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）的传播途径还是未知的，但许多研究结果表明，HEV可能是一种由猪引起的动物传染病。本试验旨在研究HEV在野猪中的患病率及野猪和家猪、人的HEV序列间的遗传关系。试验选取法国东南部的285头野猪，利用Real-time RT—PCR技术检测到有7头野猪（占2．5％）存在HEV RNA表达，其中5头野猪的HEV序列属于3f型，相互之间的核苷酸同源性为89％～100％，与从法国南部HEV患者身上提取的HEV同源性较近。因此，法国东南部野猪可能是人戊型肝炎的传染源。

关键词：戊型肝炎病毒野猪动物传染病传染法国

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Causes and Prognosis of Cases of Acute Obstructive Renal Failure Managed at the Donka National Hemodialysis Center

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2024年第2期14卷 136-146页

作者： Amadou Yaya Diallo mamadou Mouctar Diallo mamadou Dian Barry Kadiatou mamadou Bobo Barry Saikou Oumar Diallo Djenabou Diallo Soriba Bangoura mamadou Malal Diallo Thierno mamadou Oury Diallo Mohamed Lamine kaba Alpha Oumar Bah Department of Nephrology-Hemodialysis CHU Donka Conakry Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques Gamal Abdel Nasser University of the Republic of Guinea Conakry Guinea Department of Urology-Andrology CHU Ignace Deen Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Acute obstructive renal failure (AORF) is a frequent clinical situation, secondary to obstruction of the urinary excretory tract. Whatever the cause, urinary tract obstruction suddenly opposes glomerular filtration and is responsible for tubulointerstitial lesions. It accounts for 10% of acute renal failure (ARF). The aim of this study was to identify the causes and prognosis of cases of acute obstructive renal failure managed at the Centre National d’hémodialyse Donka. Material and Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study lasting 6 months, from September 1, 2022 to February 29, 2023. All patients undergoing haemodialysis for acute obstructive renal failure who agreed to participate in the study and whose medical records were complete were included. Results: During the course of the study, we registered 97 haemodialysis patients, including 20 cases (20.62%) of acute obstructive renal failure. The mean age of the patients was 57.8 ± 10.54 years, with a male predominance of 11 cases (55%) and a sex ratio of 1.22. The reasons for consultation were dominated by physical asthenia 11 cases (55%), lumbar pain 9 cases (50%), vomiting 6 cases (30%) and acute urine retention 6 cases (30%). Arterial hypertension 16 cases (80%) and urinary tract infection 10 cases (50%) were the most common antecedents. The etiologies of RAOI were dominated by lithiasis 10 cases (50%), neoplasia 6 cases (30%) and benign prostatic hypertrophy 3 cases (15%). mean creatinine was 1267.60 ± 710.76 μmol/l with extremes of 243 μmol/l and 2822 μmol/l, mean urea was 39.56 ± 18.36, hyperkalemia in 14 cases (70%) and hyponatremia in 8 cases (40%). After hemodialysis, 9 cases (45%) recovered renal function, 4 cases (20%) became chronic and 7 cases (35%) died. Conclusion: The frequency of AKI remains non-negligible in our department, and early detection and prompt management would considerably reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with this pathology.

关键词： Acute Obstructive Renal Failure Hemodialysis Prognosis Donka

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Otorhinolaryngological (ORL) and Cervicofacial Injuries Resulting from Road Accidents within the Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) Department of the Regional Hospital of Mamou

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第1期13卷 16-28页

作者： mamadou Mouctar Ramata Diallo Ibrahima Diallo Alsény Camara mamadou Aliou Diallo Raphan Madi kaba Keita Abdoulaye Sow Alsény Cisse Sory Sacko mamadou Gouraissiou Diallo Abdoulaye Keita Alpha Oumar Diallo Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Department Regional Hospital Mamou Mamou Guinea Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Department National Hospital Donka Conakry Guinea Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Department Regional Hospital N’zérékoré N’zérékoré Guinea Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Department Regional Hospital Labé Labé Guinea Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Department National Hospital Ignace Deen Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Otorhinolaryngological (ORL) and cervicofacial traumas encompass injuries affecting the neck, face, and ORL region, resulting from external influence. The objective of this study was to conduct an epidemiological and clinical analysis of ORL and cervicofacial injuries observed in victims of road accidents treated at the Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) department of the Regional Hospital of Mamou. Materials and Methods: This prospective and descriptive study was conducted over a period of 12 months, from January 1st to December 31st, 2021, within the Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) department of the Regional Hospital of Mamou. It included patients hospitalized for ORL and/or cervicofacial traumas resulting from road accidents during the study period. Results: A total of 348 cases were included, representing 36.22% of all traumas related to road accidents (AVP) within the Regional Hospital of Mamou. The average age of the patients was 26.44 years, with a sex ratio of 3.83, favoring males. The dominant socio-professional category was students, encompassing 32.47% of cases. Road accidents were mainly associated with motorcycle use (31.32% motorcycle-to-motorcycle, 24.43% motorcycle skidding, 13.51% motorcycle-pedestrian). Facial region injuries were the most common, accounting for 69.03% of cases, followed by rhinological injuries (17.28%) and otological injuries (13.69%). Associated injuries were predominantly closed head traumas (52.55%) and lower limb fractures (20.41%). Imaging was underutilized. Regarding surgical interventions, reconstructive surgery was the most predominant, accounting for 52.51% of cases, with a management timeframe of 30 minutes to 12 hours for 99.72% of patients. Conclusion: Road traffic accidents remain a serious public health issue, primarily affecting young males. Emphasis should be placed on road safety measures to reduce the frequency of these accidents.

关键词： ENT Injuries Road Accidents Regional Hospital of Mamou

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Risk Factors for Neonatal Mortality at the Institute of Nutrition and Child Health of the Donka/Guinea-Conakry National Hospital

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 327-337页

作者： Bangoura Mmah Aminata Kolié Ouo Ouo Camara Salématou Hassimiou Baldé Mariama Bangoura kaba Diop mamadou Moustapha Camara Emmanuel Diallo Fatoumata Binta Doukouré mamadou Aliou mamadou Mouctar Sow Bémy Pé Néabey Institut de Nutrition et de Santé de l’Enfant Conakry Guinea Service de Pédiatrie Hô pital National Donka Conakry Guinea Service de Pédiatrie Hô pital National d’Ignace Deen Conakry Guinea

Introduction: The birth of a baby is a moment of joy and celebration. However, the neonatal period is a very delicate phase of life. Neonatal mortality rates remain high in low-income countries. In Guinea, after 20 years, this rate has fallen from 34.2% in 1998 to 32% in 2018. Objective: To identify the main risk factors for neonatal mortality. Methods: This was an observational, analytical case-control study, lasting 6 months from January 1 to June 30, 2019, conducted at the Institut de Nutrition et de la Santé de l’Enfant (INSE) at Donka National Hospital. Results: We collected 242 cases and 242 controls, i.e. a total of 484 records. 748 patients were registered, with 32.35% deaths. 82.86% of deaths occurred in the early neonatal period. Statistical analysis revealed the main risk factors: prematurity (RQ 7.39 95% CI 3.27 - 16.61 p = 0.0000003), hypothermia (RQ 2.29 95% CI 1.51 - 3.46 p = 0.0001), acute fetal distress (RQ 2.13 95% CI 1.33 - 3.43 p = 0.0016), low birth weight (QR 1.91 95% CI 1.12 - 3.24 p = 0.016), home birth (QR 3.26 95% CI 1.25 - 8.46 p = 0.015). Conclusion: Neonatal mortality is a health problem in the INSE neonatology department. To reduce the mortality rate in this referral facility, it is essential to equip it and provide ongoing training for staff.

关键词： Neonatal Mortality INSE Guinea-Conakry

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Seroprevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis B in Blood Donors at the N’Zérékoré Regional Blood Transfusion Centre in Guinea

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Open Journal of Immunology 2024年第2期14卷 33-45页

作者： Alimou Camara Ernest Thea Ives Nyankoye Haba Yamoussa Youla Ibrahima Sory Diallo Mariama Sadio Diallo Djiba kaba Jacob Camara Moussa Condé Barré Soropogui kaba Kourouma Thierno mamadou Tounkara Babacar Mbengue Abdoulaye Touré Sanaba Boumbaly Virology Research Centre Guinea Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers Laboratory Conakry Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques Gamal Abdel Nasser University Conakry Guinea National Blood Transfusion Centre Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene Conakry Guinea Institute of Health and Childhood Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea African Centre of Excellence for the Prevention and Control of Communicable Diseases Conakry Guinea Department of Dermatology and Venereology Donka University Hospital Conakry Guine Immunology Laboratory Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Centre for Research and Training in Infectious Diseases of Guinea Conakry Guinea

Blood transfusion saves lives and reduces morbidity and mortality for a large number of diseases and clinical conditions, but it is not without danger. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of HIV and hepatitis B in blood donors received at the regional Blood Transfusion Centre of N’Zérékoré (Guinea). This was a 5-year retrospective analytical study. We included records of blood donors aged 18 to 60 years admitted to the N’Zérékoré Regional Blood Transfusion Centre for blood donation from January 2016 to December 2020. We performed a descriptive analysis followed by Chi-2 or Fish-er-exact tests and the Student or Wilcoxon test, followed by multivariate logistic regression. In this study, donor age ranged from 18 - 60 years, with a pre-dominance of donors aged 25 - 34 (44.2%). Male donors were the most represented in our study (79.0% versus 21.0% female). More than half of the donors were blood group O (55.6%). We observed a seroprevalence of 3.6% for HIV, 13.4% for HBsAg and 0.2% for co-infection. In our series, age 25 - 34 (OR = 1.89 and P = 0.001) and 35 - 44 for HIV (OR = 2.01 and P = 0.001), HBsAgserostatus (OR = 3.04 and P = 0.001) and blood donation history (OR of 3.04 and P = 0.001) were factors associated with HIV positivity (P < 0.05). In our study, HIV serostatus (OR = 3.04 and P = 0.001) and blood donation history (OR = 0.01 and P = 0.001) were factors associated with HBsAgseropositivity. We reported a high prevalence of HIV and HBsAg. Sex, serological status and blood donation history were associated factors.

关键词： Seroprevalence HIV Hepatitis B Blood Donors N’Zérékoré Guinea

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External Otitis: Epidemiological, Clinical, Etiological, and Therapeutic Aspects at the Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Department of Mamou Regional Hospital

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第3期13卷 213-224页

作者： mamadou Mouctar Ramata Diallo Sayon Kourouma Oumou Amadou Diallo Ibrahima Diallo Francine Haba Alsény Cisse Raphan Madi kaba Keita Abdoulaye Keita Alpha Oumar Diallo ENT Department Mamou Regional Hospital Mamou Guinea ENT Department Conakry Military Hospital Conakry Guinea ENT Department IgnaceDeen National Hospital Conakry Guinea ENT Department Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea ENT Department Lab&#233 Regional Hospital Lab&#233 Guinea ENT Department N&#8217Z&#233r&#233kor&#233 Regional Hospital N&#8217Z&#233r&#233kor&#233 Guinea

Introduction: External otitis (OE) is an acute or chronic inflammation or infection of the external ear resulting from an imbalance in the external auditory canal secondary to microtrauma, maceration, eczema, or a foreign body in the external auditory canal. Objective: To study cases of external otitis at the Mamou Regional Hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study conducted over a period of six (6) months from July 1st to December 31st, 2016. It included all patients admitted to the ENT department of the Mamou Regional Hospital. Results: During the study period, 712 patients were admitted to the department for various pathologies, of which 103 met our selection criteria, representing a frequency of 14.46%. The mean age of the patients was 33.74 years with a range of 1 to 90 years. Males predominated in the sample, accounting for 59.22%. The vast majority of patients resided in urban areas, constituting 61.17% of the sample. In our study, all patients consulted for otalgia (100%), and over half (53.39%) for hypoacusis. We formally identified rhinitis in 66.66% of cases, while diabetes was found in only 4 patients (11.11%). Otomycosis was the most commonly identified condition (53.39%), followed by furuncles (33.98%). Ear drops containing antibiotics were administered to all patients, although 66.60% received antibiotic therapy. Conclusion: External otitis is a relatively common condition, particularly among children and the elderly. Diagnosis can be made based on pain upon traction of the pinna and pressure on the tragus.

关键词： External Otitis ENT Mamou Regional Hospital

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Diabetes Screening and Cardiovascular Risk in Tuberculosis Patients in Conakry and Surrounding Towns

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 7-13页

作者： mamadou Chérif Diallo mamadou Dian Mamoudou Diallo Mody Abdoulaye Barry Kadija Dieng Alpha mamadou Diallo mamadou Mansour Diallo Oumou Diallo Amadou Kaké Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea Endocrinology-Diabetology Department of Donka University Hospital Conakry Guinea Foundation for The Fight against Diabetes and Non-Communicable Diseases Conakry Guinea

Objective: To determine the prevalence of diabetes and the level of cardiovascular risk in tuberculosis patients treated in Conakry and surrounding towns. Method: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at tuberculosis treatment centers in Conakry and surrounding towns (Coyah and Dubréka) on World TB Day, November 14, 2022, among 350 tuberculosis patients. We determined the proportion of TB patients with diabetes and high hyperglycemia. We determined the Chi-square to identify the factors associated with the occurrence of diabetes in tuberculosis patients, and a significance threshold with p Results: The average age of participants was 33.5 ± 14.5 years, and they were predominantly male (59.7%). The majority of participants lived in Conakry (96.3%). 5.7% were known diabetics and 4.6% were known hypertensives. We found a prevalence of diabetes of 9.4%. Among diabetics, 39% were diabetes discoveries. 30% were hypertensive or had high blood pressure. Of these hypertensive patients, 26.4% were unrecognized hypertensives. Age and hypertension were statistically significantly associated with the onset of diabetes in tuberculosis patients. Medium, high and very high levels of cardiovascular risk were present in 23.4%, 8.9% and 3.4% respectively. Conclusion: Diabetes is common in tuberculosis patients. Cardiovascular risk factors, notably hypertension and cardiovascular risk level, are frequently associated with tuberculosis. Tuberculosis patients with cardiovascular risk factors should be screened for diabetes.

关键词： Screening Diabetes Tuberculosis Cardiovascular Risk Conakry

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