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How a Cancer Registry Was Set Up in Senegal: An Example to Follow for a Developing Country

Journal of Cancer Therapy 2023年第9期14卷 382-389页

作者： Salif Baldé Sokhna diop Niang Oumar Ba mamadou diop Joliot Curie Institute Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal Departmentof Internal Medicine Dalal Jamm Hospital Dakar Senegal Department of Internal Medicine Idrissa Pouye Hospital Dakar Senegal

Objectives: Senegal, with the support of WHO, had begun the establishment of a National Cancer Registry in 2009, although it had been at a standstill since 1969;the objective of this work was to test the reliability of data collection tools and feasibility stages necessary for the validation of media before the establishment of a national cancer registry. Methodology: We conducted a non-exhaustive preliminary study over a period of three months from the first of January to 31 March 2010 at four major hospitals in Dakar at the time. Results: Two hundred and eighty-nine cases had been identified: 44% of men (n = 127) and 56% of women (n = 162) with a sex ratio of 0.8. The ages ranged from 20 to 90 years with an average of 50 years. The main diagnostic mode was essentially histological, with 76% of cases (n = 219). The most frequent locations were: ORL (ENT meaning Ear, Nose and Throat) with 25% of cases, liver 7% and bronchopulmonary 4.5% of cases. In men, liver cancer was the most common location and women for cervical cancer with 16%. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histological type with 68% of cases followed by adenocarcinoma with 22% of cases. Thirty-eight percent of patients were classified as stage III and IV. A quarter of our patients had received palliative treatment. In contrast, 15 (15%) had received chemotherapy and 4% had received radiotherapy. Data collection was satisfactory. Conclusion: Cancer is a reality in Senegal but it remains underdiagnosed. The materials made it possible to make the cancer registry effective throughout the country.

关键词： Registry Cancer Senegal

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Diffusion Coefficient at Double Resonances in Frequency and Temperature, Applied to (n⁺/p/p⁺) Silicon Solar Cell Base Thickness Optimization under Long Wavelength Illumination

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Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2022年第8期14卷 89-103页

作者： Gora diop Ousmane Sow moustapha Thiame Richard Mane Ibrahima Diatta Khady Loum Sega Gueye mamadou Wade Gregoire Sissoko Ecole Polytechnique de Thiès Thiès Senegal Institut Universitaire de Technologie Université Iba Der THIAM de Thiès Thiès Senegal Université Assane SECK Zinguinchor Senegal Groupe International de Recherche en Energie Renouvelable(GIRER) Dakar Sénégal

The diffusion coefficient of the minority charge carriers in the base of a silicon solar cell under temperature and subjected to a magnetic field, passes in reso-nance at temperature (Topt). For this same magnetic field, the diffusion coeffi-cient of the photogenerated carriers by a monochromatic light in frequency modulation enters into resonance, at the frequency (ωc). Under this double resonance in temperature and frequency, the diffusion coefficient is used in the expression of the recombination velocity of the minority charge carriers on the back side of the base of the solar cell (n+/p/p+), to obtain, by a graphical method, the optimum thickness. A modeling of the results obtained shows a material saving (Si), in the development of the solar cell.

关键词： Silicon Solar Cell-Diffusion Coefficient Recombination Velocity Absorption Coefficient Magnetic Field-Temperature-Thickness

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Posterior Urethral Valves without Reflux Associated with Bilateral Renal Cortical Atrophy: Diagnosis and Management

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第6期13卷 791-797页

作者： Bangoura Kaba Kolie Ouo-Ouo Camara Salematou Hassimiou Bangoura M’mah Aminata Camara Emmanuel Diallo Mohamed Lamine Diallo Fatoumata Binta diop mamadou moustapha Kouyate moustapha Beimy Pé Pediatrics Department CHU Donka Conakry Guinea Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea Institute of Nutrition Conakry Guinea

The objective of this case report was to highlight the characteristics of posterior urethral valves observed in a 3-year-old patient and to describe their management. The case of a 4-year-old patient treated for a posterior urethral valve with bilateral renal cortical atrophy was reviewed. The diagnosis was confirmed by abdominal ultrasound, cystography and abdominal CT. He was referred to Martinique (a tertiary health establishment) for effective support. From the acute situation to the fortuitous discovery, its understanding must be deepened because of the potential immediate symptomatic impact in the form of renal colic which can be associated with sepsis, as well as in the long term on renal function. This observation is intended to help the attending physician to initiate his diagnosis and treatment.

关键词： Valves Urethra Posterior

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AC Back Surface Recombination Velocity as Applied to Optimize the Base Thickness under Temperature of an (n⁺-p-p⁺) Bifacial Silicon Solar Cell, Back Illuminated by a Light with Long Wavelength

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World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics 2023年第1期13卷 40-56页

作者： Khady Loum Ousmane Sow Gora diop Richard Mane Ibrahima Diatta Malick Ndiaye Sega Gueye moustapha Thiame mamadou Wade Gregoire Sissoko International Research Group in Renewable Energy (GIRER) Dakar Sénégal Institut Universitaire de Technologie Université Iba Der THIAM de Thiès Thiès Senegal Université Assane SECK Ziguinchor Senegal Ecole Polytechnique de Thiès Thiès Senegal

The bifacial silicon solar cell, placed at temperature (T) and illuminated from the back side by monochromatic light in frequency modulation (ω), is studied from the frequency dynamic diffusion equation, relative to the density of excess minority carriers in the base. The expressions of the dynamic recombination velocities of the minority carriers on the rear side of the base Sb1(D(ω, T);H) and Sb2(α, D(ω, T);H), are analyzed as a function of the dynamic diffusion coefficient (D(ω, T)), the absorption coefficient (α(λ)) and the thickness of the base (H). Thus their graphic representation makes it possible to go up, to the base optimum thickness (Hopt(ω, T)), for different temperature values and frequency ranges of modulation of monochromatic light, of strong penetration. The base optimum thickness (Hopt(ω, T)) decreases with temperature, regardless of the frequency range and allows the realization of the solar cell with few material (Si).

关键词： Bifacial Silicon Solar Cell Absorption Coefficient Frequency Temperature Recombination Velocity Optimum Thickness

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Monazite Recovery by Magnetic and Gravity Separation of Medium Grade Zircon Concentrate from Senegalese Heavy Mineral Sands Deposit

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2021年第6期9卷 590-608页

作者： Moumar Dieye Mohamadou moustapha Thiam Anthony Geneyton mamadou Gueye Earth Science Institute Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar University Dakar Senegal Eramet Ideas Trappes France

Gravity, magnetic and electrostatic separation methods allowed to obtain different titanium oxide concentrates (ilmenite, leucoxene, rutile) and different varieties of zircon concentrates (premium zircon, standard zircon, medium grade zircon standard) from Senegal’s heavy mineral sands. During mining separation, monazite, which is a paramagnetic mineral, was found in a non-negligible concentration of 0.57 wt% on average in the medium grade zircon standard which also contains 37.96 wt% zircon and 44.46 wt% titanium oxides. Magnetic and gravity separation tests were carried out on the Medium grade zircon standard (MGZS) to produce a monazite concentrate at Eramet Ideas laboratory. Magnetic separation at 1.5 teslas intensity resulted in the recovery of 94.8% of the monazite from the MGZS. Gravity separation also recovered 76.6% of the monazite from the MGZS. The combination of these two treatment methods can thus produce three concentrates from MGZS (a monazite concentrate, a zircon concentrate, and a titanium oxide concentrate).

关键词： Monazite Heavy Mineral Sands Separation Gravity Magnetic

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Study of Radio over Fiber Transmission with a Single Line in Ring Topology for Deployment of MIMO Antenna Access Points in a Cell-less Network

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Journal of Sensor Technology 2023年第2期13卷 13-23页

作者： mamadou Sarr Dialo diop Ndolane Diouf Kharouna Talla Solids Physics and Materials Sciences Loboratory Group Faculty of Science and Technology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

The massive growth of wireless traffic goes hand in hand with the deployment of advanced radio interfaces as well as network densification. This growth has a direct impact on the radio access architecture, which today is moving from centralized to distributed deployments through the use of a large number of access points (APs). This paper verifies the feasibility of deploying multiple APs in series on a single line in a ring topology in a cell-less network. On the one hand, this technique will further improve the communication capacity and flexibility of a Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) based mobile communication system and will reduce its construction cost. And on the other hand, this deployment topology is a solution to achieve a massive cell-free Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) architecture and a cost-effective fronthaul solution. First, a passive optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM) is used to extract and add downlink and uplink signals from the remote access points of one kilometer. Then, a deployment model is developed with version 17 Optisystem software. The results obtained showed that the quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) does not adapt to this multi-carrier transmission to deploy several AP in series on a single line. Thus, the performance degradation increases when the number of APs integrated on the line increases.

关键词： RoF Ring Topology MIMO Antennas Cell-less Network

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Seroprevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis B in Blood Donors at the N’Zérékoré Regional Blood Transfusion Centre in Guinea

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Open Journal of Immunology 2024年第2期14卷 33-45页

作者： Alimou Camara Ernest Thea Ives Nyankoye Haba Yamoussa Youla Ibrahima Sory Diallo Mariama Sadio Diallo Djiba Kaba Jacob Camara Moussa Condé Barré Soropogui Kaba Kourouma Thierno mamadou Tounkara Babacar Mbengue Abdoulaye Touré Sanaba Boumbaly Virology Research Centre Guinea Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers Laboratory Conakry Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques Gamal Abdel Nasser University Conakry Guinea National Blood Transfusion Centre Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene Conakry Guinea Institute of Health and Childhood Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea African Centre of Excellence for the Prevention and Control of Communicable Diseases Conakry Guinea Department of Dermatology and Venereology Donka University Hospital Conakry Guine Immunology Laboratory Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Centre for Research and Training in Infectious Diseases of Guinea Conakry Guinea

Blood transfusion saves lives and reduces morbidity and mortality for a large number of diseases and clinical conditions, but it is not without danger. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of HIV and hepatitis B in blood donors received at the regional Blood Transfusion Centre of N’Zérékoré (Guinea). This was a 5-year retrospective analytical study. We included records of blood donors aged 18 to 60 years admitted to the N’Zérékoré Regional Blood Transfusion Centre for blood donation from January 2016 to December 2020. We performed a descriptive analysis followed by Chi-2 or Fish-er-exact tests and the Student or Wilcoxon test, followed by multivariate logistic regression. In this study, donor age ranged from 18 - 60 years, with a pre-dominance of donors aged 25 - 34 (44.2%). Male donors were the most represented in our study (79.0% versus 21.0% female). More than half of the donors were blood group O (55.6%). We observed a seroprevalence of 3.6% for HIV, 13.4% for HBsAg and 0.2% for co-infection. In our series, age 25 - 34 (OR = 1.89 and P = 0.001) and 35 - 44 for HIV (OR = 2.01 and P = 0.001), HBsAgserostatus (OR = 3.04 and P = 0.001) and blood donation history (OR of 3.04 and P = 0.001) were factors associated with HIV positivity (P < 0.05). In our study, HIV serostatus (OR = 3.04 and P = 0.001) and blood donation history (OR = 0.01 and P = 0.001) were factors associated with HBsAgseropositivity. We reported a high prevalence of HIV and HBsAg. Sex, serological status and blood donation history were associated factors.

关键词： Seroprevalence HIV Hepatitis B Blood Donors N’Zérékoré Guinea

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Surgical Treatment by Pinning of Carpometacarpal Dislocation at the Donka University Hospital Center: A Propos of 12 Cases

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第11期12卷 442-449页

作者： Diallo mamadou moustapha Lamah Leopold Barry Alhassane Camara Nouhou Mangue Diallo Alpha mamadou Fellah Department of Orthopedic Traumatological Surgery of the Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea

Carpo-metacarpal dislocations are rare hand injuries. They are misdiagnosed due to their non-specific clinical signs. The authors report on their experience in the management of carpometacarpal dislocations in a specialized hand surgery center. Our study included patients received and treated in the department for a carpometacarpal dislocation. Dislocation fractures of Bennett and Rolando were excluded. The postoperative functional evaluation took place after 18 months by the DASH score. Twelve patients participated: one case of neuro-algodystrophy and one pin infection. The mean DASH functional outcome score was 1.10 at 18 months. Since carpometacarpal dislocations are rare and easily misdiagnosed, the surgeon should assume the possibility of them in patients with high-energy trauma, and imaging studies should be carefully evaluated. Pinning is an effective treatment option that provides good long-term functional results.

关键词： Dislocation Fracture Carpo-Metacarpal Joints

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Removal of Methyl Violet in Aqueous Solution on Activated Carbon Based on Saba senegalensis Shell Residues

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2023年第5期11卷 197-208页

作者： Mouhamed Ndoye mamadou Faye Cheikhou Kane Adama diop Mar Codou Guèye diop Water Energy Environment and Industrial Processes Laboratory Ecole Superieure Polytechnique (ESP) Dakar Senegal Cheikh Anta diop University Dakar Senegal

Adsorption on activated carbon is one of the most widely used methods for the removal of dyes. The objective of this study is to valorize the shells of Saba senegalensis from local product in Senegal in the form of activated carbon and to test its effectiveness for the removal of methyl violet. The study was carried out in batch mode for a maximum duration of one hour with 100 mL of solution treated at 600 rpm. The results reveal that the granulometry 500 μm gives the best yield with an adsorption rate of 95%, a mass of adsorbent of 0.2 g gives an adsorption capacity of 20 mg/g, the contact time of one hour with a capacity of 5 mg/g. The study also showed that the adsorption process of methyl violet is described by the pseudo-second order kinetic model with correlation coefficient of 0.99. Two adsorption isotherms were studied, and the results revealed that the Freundlich model better describes the adsorption of methyl violet on Saba senegalensis shell residue-based activated carbon (SSSRAC). The results indicate that SSSRAC could be used as a low-cost alternative for the removal of textile dyes such as methyl violet.

关键词： Methyl Violet Adsorption Activated Carbon Saba senegalensis Shell

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Bifacial Silicon Solar Cell Steady Photoconductivity under Constant Magnetic Field and Junction Recombination Velocity Effects

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Journal of Modern Physics 2017年第14期8卷 2200-2208页

作者： Amadou Diao mamadou Wade moustapha Thiame Grégoire Sissoko Semiconductors and Solar Energy Laboratory Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences and Techniques University of Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Laboratory of Sciences and Techniques of Water and Environment Polytechnic School of Thiès Thiès Senegal University Assane SECK Ziguinchor Senegal

The paper reported a theoretical study on the photoconductivity of a bifacial silicon solar cell under polychromatic illumination and a constant magnetic field effect. By use of the continuity equation in the base of the solar cell maintained in a constant temperature at 300 K, an expression of the excess minority carriers’ density was determined according to the applied magnetic field, the base depth and the junction recombination velocity. From the expression of the minority carriers’ density, the photoconductivity of the solar cell was deduced and which allowed us to predict some recombination phenomena, the use of such solar cell in optoelectronics. The profile of the photoconductivity also permitted us to utilize a linear model in order to determine an electrical capacitance that varied with magnetic field.

关键词： Bifacial Solar Cell Photoconductivity Junction Recombination Velocity Magnetic Field Electrical Capacitance

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