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Contribution to Computer Waste Management:Knowledge of the Regulatory Framework by Industry Stakeholders in Guinea

Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2024年第5期13卷 156-164页

作者： Fatoumata Sylla Ansoumane Sakouvogui Saran Camara mamadou Sanoussy Camara mamadou kabirou bah Alpha Issiaga Diallo Center for Environmental Studies and Research Gamal Abdel Nasser University of ConakryConakryBP 1615Guinea Energy Department Higher Institute of Technology of MamouMamouBP 63Guinea Telecommunication Department Polytechnic InstituteGamal Abdel Nasser University of ConakryConakryBP 1615Guinea

In African countries,regulations on the management of WTE(Waste from Information Technology Equipment)are non-existent or sometimes insufficient,if they *** study shows how to mention waste from information technology equipment in a country that does not have a regulatory legislative framework or organized management channels.A methodological approach based on documentary research and semi-directed interviews was adopted in this *** results showed that 54.55%of institutional managers are unaware of the existence of regulations for the management of WTE,both at the national and international levels;72.72%of these managers do not have a specific implementing text for this management;72.73%of institutions have adopted an acquisition policy based on the needs of workers and 81.82%of institutions store WTE in *** with waste collection SMEs(Small and Midsize Enterprises),especially for IT equipment,are limited for 72.73%of *** terms of improving the capacity to manage WEEE(Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment),90.91%of institutions do not offer training or awareness ***,no significant indicators are in place to assess WEEE management in institutions,which reflects a lack of commitment and awareness among institutional *** addition,there are no financial means for ecological and sustainable *** 27.27%of managers are aware of the dangers to human health and the environment related to IT equipment,they are often unaware of the harmful consequences of abandoning it in nature.

关键词： Waste IT equipment legal frameworks regulations informal management

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Issue of Managing Waste Computer Equipment in Conakry City (Republic of Guinea)

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第10期15卷 949-962页

作者： Fatoumata Sylla Saran Camara Adama Moussa Sakho mamadou kabirou bah Alpha Issiaga Diallo Center for Environmental Studies and Research (CEER) BP 3817 Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Republic of Guinea Telecommunications Laboratory of the Polytechnic Institute Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Republic of Guinea Laboratory Techniques Department Higher Institute of Technology Mamou Republic of Guinea

The digitization of administrative activities is a technique that not only optimizes resources, but also professionalizes the working methods of public and private services. This dematerialization process involves technologies based on computer equipment, which, after use, becomes cumbersome waste. The aim targeted consisted of taking stock of the management of waste computer equipment imported into the Republic of Guinea, with a view of proposing a mode of environmentally sustainable management methods in a short time. To achieve this, the data was collected through investigation methods (observations, interviews, and questionnaires). This study reveals an excess of imports of electrical and electronic equipment in general, and computer equipment in particular, over the last ten years (2009-2019), With an import rate ranging from 4.03 to 54.45%. This study demonstrated the different ways in which computer and electronic equipment of all kinds are managed, with her failings. This study demonstrated the different ways in which computer and electronic equipment of all kinds are managed, as well as their failings. For this purpose, the different ways in which electronic waste is managed by different users were identified as storage, recycling, or rejection into nature or at waste storage points, often mixed with household waste. Companies specializing in the management of this type of waste and the presence of a certain number of regulatory texts almost do not exist. One company is only for the entire country but unknown to the majority of users.

关键词： Waste Computers Equipment Soil Pollution Water Pollution Chemical Substances Management Methods

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Monitoring of the Physico-Chemical Parameters of the Waters of Lake Sonfonia,Municipality of Ratoma(Republic of Guinea)2021

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2023年第3期12卷 105-114页

作者： Mohamed Lamine Komara Adama Moussa Sacko Aboubacar Diallo Cheick Ahmed Tawel Camara mamadou kabirou bah Teacher-Researcher Department of Biology Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Republic of Guinea Laboratory technique Higher Institute of Technology of MamouRepublic of Guinea DGA-Research/ISAU Conakry 324 Republic of Guinea Director of the Biochemistry degree program at Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Republic of Guinea Center for Environmental Studies and Research(CERE) Conakry 324 Republic of Guinea

As part of the determination of the possible impact of human activities on surface waters, case of Lake Sonfonia, six sampling sites were selected according to their solicitation by the population and their exposure to probable sources of pollution. The objective of this work is to monitor the physico-chemical quality of the waters of Lake Sonfonia during the low water level (March) and during the flood period (August) of the year 2021. Two sampling campaigns of water were carried out in dry weather and two others in cold weather. Parameters such as temperature, pH, EC (Electrical Conductivity), dissolved oxygen, TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) were measured in situ. Suspended matter, phosphate, nitrate, nitrite, sulphates, total iron, COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) were measured in the laboratory by the colorimetric method. Stata 15 software was applied for the statistical analysis of the data and the correlation test between the parameters gave highly significant correlations. It has been noted that the situation is not very good and that this pollution comes mainly from human activities.

关键词： Surface water physico-chemical parameters Lake Sonfonia anthropogenic eutrophication.

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Mining Shared Knowledge\Patterns between Two Datasets

Mining Shared Knowledge\Patterns between Two Datasets

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作者： mamadou Lamarana bah 湖南大学

学位级别：硕士

在数据挖掘中，如何描迷数据集之向的差异性是一令重要的向题。在模式挖掘中，广泛应用决策树方法来解抉这今向题。决策树是一今很好的数据挖掘模型，非常适合作为分类器。然而，目前决策树研究方面很少涉及两今不同数据集之同的分炎相... 详细信息

在数据挖掘中，如何描迷数据集之向的差异性是一令重要的向题。在模式挖掘中，广泛应用决策树方法来解抉这今向题。决策树是一今很好的数据挖掘模型，非常适合作为分类器。然而，目前决策树研究方面很少涉及两今不同数据集之同的分炎相似性，即挖掘两今数据集的共享模式。这里，我们学刁挖掘两今数据集之同的共享模式。我们研究一种特殊的共享模式—数据分布相似性。为了从两今数据集中挖掘一令高盾量的共享二叉树，我们提出了一今综合利用共享模式、分类、二叉树结构的共享二叉树挖掘算法——MiningSBT。为了高效的从数据集D1和数据集D2中挖掘出共享二叉树，我们假设D1是已知数据集，记为UD1,D2是未知数据集，记为ND2。通迂运行我们的算法UD1可以帮助我们理解ND2，这是因为共享二叉树的结果满足以下两点：高数据分布相似性和高分类准硬度。我们的共享二叉树算法不同于传统的决策树算法，这是因为我们的挖掘讨象是两今数据集、数据分布相似性要求和准确度要求。安验结果证明我们的算法是有效的。数据库和数据挖掘概述：粗略地并一个数据库，是一今有组织的数据收集，为一今或多今目的，通常以数字形式。通常组织的数据建模相关的现实问题(例如在一所学校，学生的成绩情况而定)，在某种程度上支持需要这些信息(例如，找到一个给定的学生的年级)的迸程。术语数据库，可能是指一个特定的方面，如逻辑数据库的数据有组组的收集，数据内容物理数据库在计算机数据存储或许多其他数据库定义。术语数据库正确地应用于数据和其支持的数据结构和不是数据库管理系统(DBMS)。匀DBMS的数据库中的数据的集合称为一个数据库系统。数据库，基本上是电脑化的资料保存系统。资料库本身可视为电子化的档案柜—储存电脑化档案的处所，使用者可以新增档案或删除档案，也可以对档案中的资料执行新增、撷取、更新、删除等操作。数锯库是以一定组纸方式储存在一起的，能为多今用户共享的，具有耳可能小的冗余度的、匀底用彼此狭立的相互失联的数锯集合。资料库的架构可以大致区分为三个概括层次：内层、概念层和外层。内层：最接近实际储存体，亦即有关资料的实际储存方式。外层：最接近使用者，即有关个别使用者观看资料的方式。概念层：介於两者之间的间接层。资料库管理系统(英语：Database Management System,简称DBMS)是为管理资料库而设计的电脑软体系统，一般具有储存、撷取、安全保障、备份等基础功能。资料库管理系统可以依据它所支援的资料库模型来作分类，例如关联式、XML;或依据所支援的电脑类型来作分类，例如伺服器群集、行动电话;或依据所用查询语言来作分类，例如SQL;或依据性能衡量重点来作分类，例如最大规模、最高执行速度;亦或其他的分类方式。不论使用哪种分类方式，一些常用的DBMS还是会跨类别。例如，同时支援多种查询语言。比较通行的DBMS有MySQL、PostgreSQL、Microsoft Access、SQL Server、 Oracle。几乎所有的资料库管理系统都配备了一个开放式资料库连接(ODBC)驱动程式，令各个资料库之问得以互相整合。数据库技木是研究如何科学地姐织和储存数据，如何高效地检索数据和进行数据效理的技术。数锯库存在多神模型。而应用于大型数锯储存的数锯库一般为网状模型、关联式模型以及物件模型。此外也有应用在LDAP (轻量级数锯访向协谈)的阶层式模型。平面模型(表格模型)一般在形式上是一今二维阵列。一般来并，数组中每列表示一今数锯炎型，数锯在其中驮不同行的形式存储。表格模型数锯库是电子试算表(比如Excel)的基础。资料索引的观念由来已久，像是一本书前面几页都有目录，目录也算是索引的一种，只是它的分类较广，例如车牌、身份证字号、条码等，都是一个索引的号码，当我们看到号码时，可么从号码中看出其中的端倪，若是要找的人、车或物品，也只要提供相关的号码，即可迅速查到正确的人事物。另外，索引跟栏位有著相应的关系，索引即是由栏位而来，其中栏位有所谓的关键栏位(Key Field),该栏位具有唯一性，即其值不可重复，且不可为”空值(null)"。例如：在合并资料時,索引便是扮演欲附加欄位资料之指向性用途的角色。故此索引为不可重复性且不可为空。一般目的的DBMS一个DBMS已经演变成一个复杂的软件系统和它的发展通常需要数千人年的发展努力。一些通用的DBMS,像甲骨文,微软SQL服务器和IBMDB2,已经历30年或更长时间的升级。通用数据库管理系统的目标,以满足尽可能多的应用,这通常使得他们更加复杂比专用数据库。然而,其实,他们可以用“关闭的架子”,以及他们对许多应用和实例的摊销成本,使他们有吸引力的替代时,他们满足应

关键词：数据库数据挖掘显露模式决策树二叉树共享模型/模式跳跃显露模式基因表达数据分类

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Building Comparable Corpora Based on Cross-language Text Similarity Metrics

Building Comparable Corpora Based on Cross-language Text Sim...

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作者： bah mamadou Oury 华中师范大学

学位级别：硕士

The comparable corpus plays a more and more important role in Natural Language Processing. However, there is not a universally accepted definition of the similarity of cross language document, which has caused great difficulties to design the evaluation system of the related research. Based on the design of the stacked Auto-Encoder neural network and the Machine Translation, this paper realized two models of cross language text similarity *** of the most difficult tasks of cross language is that the source language and the target language have different language spaces. The difficulty of similarity computation is greatly increased because of the difference of language space since the traditional information retrieval model usually converts the document into a high latitude vector based on certain assumption;the calculation of text similarity becomes the vector similarity calculation. However, in the process of computing the similarity of cross language text, because of the emergence of the language gap, the vectors converted by different languages texts will exist in different vector spaces. Thus, it becomes an important task to complete the similarity computation of the vector in the two different vector spaces under the uniform *** order to solve this problem, this paper presents two ways of transforming two different language spaces into a unified language space, and then use the traditional similarity computing method to complete the calculation of vector similarity, thus getting the similarity of the cross language text. The two methods proposed in this paper are respectively based on the machine translation method and the SAE based approach. The machine translation method can transform the text of different languages into the same language, so as to complete the unification of language space. The SAE (Society of Automotive Engineer) based approach is to transform the source language text and the cross language text into an intermediate languag

关键词： Machine Translation Stacked Auto-Encoder Information Retrieval Cross-language Document Similarity

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Best Practices for Thermal Modeling in Microelectronics with Natural Convection Cooling: Sensitivity Analysis

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Journal of Electronics Cooling and Thermal Control 2021年第2期10卷 15-33页

作者： mamadou kabirou Touré Papa Momar Souaré Julien Sylvestre Institut Interdisciplinaire d’Innovation Technologique (3IT) Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Sher-brooke Sherbrooke Canada

A detailed sensitivity study was carried out on various key parameters from a high precision numerical model of a microelectronic package cooled by natural convection, to provide rules for the thermal modeling of microelectronic packages subjected to natural convection heat transfer. An accurate estimate of the junction temperature, with an error of less than 1˚C, was obtained compared to the experimental data for the vertical and horizontal orientations of the test vehicle in the JEDEC Still Air configuration. The sensitivity study showed that to have an accurate estimate of the temperature, the following elements should be present in the thermal model: radiation heat transfer in natural convection cooling;a computational fluid dynamics analysis to find realistic convection coefficients;detailed models of the high conductivity elements in the direction of the heat flow towards the environment;and finally precise values for the thicknesses of layers and the thermal properties of the substrate and the printed circuit board.

关键词： Computational Fluid Dynamics Computational Heat Transfer Microelectronic Packaging Natural Convection Radiation Thermal Analysis Thermal Management

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Post-Operative Mortality Analysis in the Urology Department of Conakry University Hospital

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Open Journal of Urology 2023年第4期13卷 122-131页

作者： bah mamadou Bissiriou Kanté Daouda Cissé Demba Diallo Thierno mamadou Oury Barry mamadou Dian Diallo Alimou bah mamadou Diao bah Ibrahima Diallo Abdoulaye Bobo bah Oumar Raphiou Faculty of Health Sciences and Technique Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Urology Department CHU of Conakry Guinée

Introduction: Death is a major accident which constitutes an element whose evaluation and analysis are necessary in a surgical service. Such a study is especially important in our country where the health structure operates with limited resources and more than half of the population lives below the poverty line. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of post-operative mortality, to describe the main comorbidity factors responsible for this mortality and to identify the main cause of post-operative death in the urology department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital Material and Method: This was a retrospective descriptive study lasting 5 years from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019. It had focussed on all the files of patients operated on at the Urology Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital, either in an emergency or planned and who died in per or post-operative immediately or 30 days later. Results: We recorded 63 cases of post-operative death, or a frequency of 1.84%. The average age was 61.92 ± 16.91 with the extremes of 12 and 91 years. Bladder (20.63%) and prostate tumours (60.3%) were the main admission diagnoses. High blood pressure was the main comorbidity factor found with 38.09% of cases followed by diabetes with 12.69%. Transurethral resection of the prostate, transurethral resection of the bladder and prostate adenocomectomy were the most performed surgical procedure with respective proportion of 19.04%, 20.63% and 38.09%. Probable cause of death were anemia in 25 cases (39.68%), septic in 20 cases (31.75%), heart failure in 6 cases (9.52%), pulmonary embolism in 5 cases (7.94%), obstructive renal failure 4 cases (6.35%) and stroke in 3 cases (4.76%). Conclusion: The majority of deaths occurred in patients over the age of fifty. Anaemia was the main cause of deaths. Difficulties in procuring blood products as well as the lack of modern therapeutic means are factors that make it difficult for patients to adequately manage.

关键词： Post Operative Mortality Urology Ignace Deen

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Clinico-Biological Profile of the Azoosperm Patient at the Urology and Andrology Department, Conakry University Hospital

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Open Journal of Urology 2020年第12期10卷 300-308页

作者： mamadou Diawo bah Thierno mamadou Oury Diallo Daouda Kante Lahoumbo Ricardo Gnammi mamadou Bissiriou bah Demba Cisse mamadou II. Barry Ibrahima bah Abdoulaye Bobo Diallo Oumar Raphiou bah mamadou Bobo Diallo Urology Andrology Department of Ignace-Deen Hospital HUC of Conakry Conakry Guinea Gamal Abdel Nasser University Conakry Guinea

Objective: Azoospermia is one of the most important causes of couple infertility. The objective of our study is to report the clinical-biological profile of the azoosperm patient to the Urology-Andrology Department of the Conakry University teaching Hospital. It aims to take stock of the diagnostic management of azoospermia at this time where the world scientific community seems to be turned towards the intracytoplasmic sperm injection in the treatment of men with severe spermiological dysfunction. Patients and Method: This was a descriptive retrospective study lasting 12 months from January 1 to December 31, 2015. It collected 151 patients out of a set of 544 follow-ups for desire to have children. Were included the patients whose files contained all the information of the clinical observation (general information, reason for consultation, evolution, history, data of the physical examination) and a paraclinical assessment consisting of the FSH level and two spermograms spaced three months, confirming the diagnosis of azoospermia. Results: The mean age was 36.4 years with extremes of 23 and 56 years old. Urogenital infections (36.4%) followed by a notion of inguinal surgery had been the main patients’ history. Primary infertility accounted for 76.8% of cases. The mean duration of infertility was 6.5 years with extremes of 2 and 19 years. Azoospermia affected 27.76% of patients who consulted for the desire to have a child. It was judged secretory in 59.6% of cases, excretory in 25.8% of cases, and undetermined in 14.6% of cases. Varicocele was the main associated abnormality (46.3%) followed by testicular hypotrophy (36.4%). Neisseria Gonorrhoeae was the most common germ in sperm culture (21.7%). Chlamydia serology was positive in 21.7% of patients. Conclusion: Azoospermia affects a non-negligible proportion of men admitted by consulting for desire to have a child in our context. Strengthening the di

关键词： Male Infertility Azoospermia Conakry

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Prevalence and Clinical Anatomic Characteristics of Cryptorchidism in Schools in the City of Conakry

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Open Journal of Urology 2020年第12期10卷 293-299页

作者： Thierno mamadou Oury Diallo mamadou Diawo bah Daouda Kante mamadou II. Barry Demba Cisse mamadou Bissiriou bah Lahoumbo Ricardo Gnammi Ibrahima bah Abdoulaye Bobo Diallo Oumar Raphiou bah Urology Andrology Department of Ignace-Deen Hospital HUC of Conakry Conakry Guinea Gamal Abdel Nasser University Conakry Guinea

Objective: To report the prevalence, anatomic and clinical characteristics of cryptorchidism in schools in the city of Conakry. Material and Methods: We carried out a 6-month cross-sectional study which took place in 32 public and private general education establishments in the city of Conakry. Each student boy was interviewed and examined;some information was collected from parents over the phone. Results: The prevalence of cryptorchidism was 3.6%. It was higher among children of mothers who were not in school, and among those who attended public institutions. The average age of students with cryptorchidism was 9.84 ± 2.33 years, with extremes of 4 and 17 years. 85% of these pupils were born in a care structure (CHU, municipal hospital, health center). Cryptorchidism sat on the right in 64 cases (37.4%), on the left in 44 cases (25.7%), it was bilateral in 63 cases (36.9%). The testicle was palpable at the inguinal level in 77 cases or 45% of the cases. Conclusion: Many school children have cryptorchidism at advanced ages, thus exposing them to the risk of complications (infertility and malignant degeneration of the testicle). Raising awareness among the various players could reverse this trend.

关键词： Cryptorchidism Prevalence Pupils School

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Congenital Heart Disease Referred for Surgery: Analysis and Epidemiological Description in the Cardiology Department of CHU Ignace Deen

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第4期14卷 234-251页

作者： bah mamadou Bassirou Diallo mamadou Tahirou Doumbouya Amadou Dioulde Balde Elhadj Yaya Camara Abdoulaye Diallo mamadou Balde Thierno Siradio bah Abdoulaye bah mamadou Dian Samoura Sana Balde mamadou Dadhi Cardiology Department of the Ignace Deen Hospital Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Congenital heart disease includes all cardiac and vascular malformations. It accounts for approximately one third of all congenital malformations and is a public health problem, particularly in developing countries. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical aspects of congenital heart disease. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive and analytical study based on the records of 135 patients referred for surgery and followed up in the cardiology department of the Ignace Deen University Hospital, collected in November 2022. Results: Hospital prevalence was 5%. The mean age was 71 months, ranging from 1 month to 19 years. The age group over 24 months was the most represented (62%). The M/F sex ratio was 1.36. Urban origin was predominant (58%). The rate of children not attending school or dropping out was high (16%). Siblings with fewer than 4 children were the most common (88%). A heart murmur was the most frequent sign (78%), followed by cyanosis (36%) and heart failure (29%). The association between heart murmurs and CHD was proven with a p-value Conclusion: CHDs represent the main indication for paediatric cardiac surgery and follow-up (95%). We stress the importance of implementing a screening and management strategy for congenital heart disease.

关键词： Congenital Heart Disease Cardiology Epidemiology Surgery Ignace Deen University Hospital

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