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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第4期10卷 610-616页

作者： mamadou Moustapha diop Aissata Barry Emmanuel Camara Mohamed Lamine Diallo M’mah Aminata Bangoura Hasmiou Dia Saliou Bella Diallo mamadou Aliou Doukouré Moustapha Kouyaté Narcisse Viani Gateu Tadjom mamadou Pathé Diallo Pediatrics Department Donka National Hospital Conakry Republic of Guinea Paediatric Medical Emergency Donka National Hospital Conakry Republic of Guinea Institute of Nutrition and Child Health Conakry Republic of Guinea Paediatrics Department Ignace Deen National Hospital Conakry Republic of Guinea Medical Centre and Health Counselling Conakry Guinea

Background: Angina is a common paediatric condition. It has certain peculiarities in children, particularly with regard to the frequency of bacterial germs and the use of diagnostic tests. The aim of this study was to determine the place of the rapid diagnostic test in the management of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal angina in children in the paediatric ward at Donka National Hospital. Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study lasting 6 months from 1st February to 31st July 2019 concerning children aged between 3 and 15 years old who were diagnosed with angina. Epidemiological, clinical, para-clinical and therapeutic variables were studied. Results: Out of 1494 registered children, we collected 116 cases of angina (7.76%). Out of 52 patients who benefited from the rapid diagnostic test, we recorded 13 cases of angina due to group A beta-hemolytic strptococcus. The male sex was the most dominant with 31 cases (59.69%) and a G/F sex ratio of 1.47. The age group most affected was between 3 and 5 years old (50%). The average age of ou

关键词： Angina Frequency Clinic Treatment Pediatrics Donka

Restoration or Rehabilitation of the Faleme River Affected by Mining Activities: What Methods?

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第4期16卷 233-263页

作者： Mor diop Ibrahima Mall Elhadji mamadou Sonko Tidiane diop Birane Niane Cheikh Mbow Environmental Sciences Institute (ISE) Cheikh Anta Diop university of Dakar Dakar Senegal Higher School of Mines Geology and Environment Amadou Mahtar Mbow University of Diamniadio (UAM) Dakar Senegal Department of Chemical Cheikh Anta Diop university of Dakar Dakar Senegal Departmentof Engineering Sciences Iba Der Thiam University of Thi&#232s Thi&#232s Senegal

The Faleme River, a West Africa long transboundary stream (625 km) and abundant flow (>1100 million m3) is affected by severe erosion because of mining activities that takes place throughout the riverbed. To preserve this important watercourse and ensure the sustainability of its services, selecting and implementing appropriates restorations techniques is vital. In this context, the purpose of this paper was to present an overview of the actions and techniques that can be implemented for the restoration/rehabilitation of the Faleme. The methodological approach includes field investigation, water sampling, literature review with cases studies and SWOT analysis of the four methods presented: river dredging, constructed wetlands, floating treatment wetlands and chemical precipitation (coagulation and flocculation). The study confirmed the pollution of the river by suspended solids (TSS > 1100 mg/L) and heavy metals such as iron, zinc, aluminium, and arsenic. For the restoration methods, it was illustrated through description of their mode of operation and through some case studies presented, that all the four methods have proven their effectiveness in treating rivers but have differences in their costs, their sustainability (detrimental to living organisms or causing a second pollution) and social acceptance. They also have weaknesses and issues that must be addressed to ensure success of rehabilitation. For the case of the Faleme river, after analysis, floating treatment wetlands are highly recommended for their low cost, good removal efficiency if the vulnerability of the raft and buoyancy to strong waves and flow is under control.

关键词： Faleme River River Restoration Constructed Wetlands Dredging Floating Treatment Wetlands Coagulation-Flocculation

Influence of the Nature of the Incoming Sludge on the Performance of a Vertical Flow Reed Beds in Dakar-Senegal

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第6期16卷 429-449页

作者： Elhadji mamadou Sonko Diomaye Dieng Maïmouna Lo Cheikh diop Laboratoire dEtude Environnemental des Milieux Urbains (LEEMUR) Institut des Sciences de lEnvironnement (ISE) Facult des Sciences et Technique (FST) Universit Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar (UCAD) Dakar-Fann Sngal

This work investigates the influence of the type sludge on drainage, plant development, purification performances and biosolids quality. Drainage properties were measured through the frequency of clogging, the percentage of leachate recovered and the dryness of accumulated sludge. Plant development was measured through the density, the height and the stem diameter. Purification performance was evaluated from the reduction rate. Biosolids quality was measured after 3 months of maturation. The results show that the clogging frequencies were 9.5%;0% and 3.7%;the volume of leachate recovered was 42.2%;20.4% and 24.7% and, the dryness was 33.4%;61.1% and 52.4% for FS-ST, FS-STT and SS respectively. Plants densities were about, with densities 197.1, 171.3 and 178.3 plants/m2 in beds fed respectively with FS-ST, FS-STT and SS. Despite the high removal rates, the concentrations of pollutants in the leachates are above the Senegalese standard NS 05-061 for discharge into the environment. The biosolids are all mature with C/N and NH4+/NO3?ratios lower than 12 and 1 respectively. The biosolids are also rich in organic and mineral elements. The concentrations of Ascaris eggs are higher than the WHO recommendations. These biosolids should be stored for additional time or composted.

关键词： Biosolid Quality Dewatering Performance Planted Drying Beds Purification Performance Sludge Type

Optimization and Modeling of Antireflective Layers for Silicon Solar Cells: In Search of Optimal Materials

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2018年第8期9卷 705-722页

作者： mamadou Moustapha diop Alassane Diaw Nacire Mbengue Ousmane Ba Moulaye Diagne Oumar A. Niasse Bassirou Ba Joseph Sarr Laboratory of Semiconductor and Solar Energy Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Techniques University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal

Depositing an antireflection coating on the front surface of solar cells allows a significant reduction in reflection losses. It thus allows an increase in the efficiency of the cells. A modeling of the refractive indices and the thicknesses of an optimal antireflection coating has been proposed. Thus, the average reflective losses can be reduced to less than 8% and less than 2.4% in a large wavelength range respectively for a single-layer and double-layer anti-reflective coating types. However, the difficulty of finding these model materials (materials with the same refractive index) led us to introduce two notions: the refractive index difference and the thickness difference. These two notions allowed us to compare the reflectivity of the antireflection layer in silicon surface. Thus, the lower the refractive index difference is, the more the material resembles to the ideal material (in refractive index), and thus its reflective losses are minimal. SiNx and SiO2/TiO2 antireflection layers, in the wavelength range between 400 and 1100 nm, have reduced the average reflectivity losses to less than 9% and 2.3% respectively.

关键词： Antireflection Layer Reflectivity Refractive Index Thickness

Lupus Nephropathy: Observation of a Case: Clinical Aspect, Evolution and Management at the West Guyana General Pediatric Service

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第5期13卷 719-726页

作者： Bangoura Kaba Diallo Fatoumata Binta Kolié Ouo-Ouo Camara Salematou Hassimiou Diallo Mohamed Lamine diop mamadou Moustapha Camara Emmanuel Kouyate Moustapha Department of Pediatrics Donka CHU Conakry Guinea Department of Pediatrics Gamal Abdel Nasser Conakry University Conakry Guinea

Renal damage is one of the most frequent and serious manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Even if this disease is the prerogative of female adults, it can affect children especially during the peri-pubertal period. The aim of this work is to highlight the clinical-biological and progressive characteristics of lupus nephropathy in children.

关键词： Nephropathy Lupus Child

Evaluation of Glomerular Filtration Rate and Urinary Abnormalities in Children with Cancer before Chemotherapy

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第4期13卷 594-603页

作者： mamadou Moustapha diop Aissata Barry Ouo Ouo Kolié Emanuel Camara Mohamed Lamine Diallo Kaba Bangoura mamadou Aliou Doukouré Pé Neabel Beimy Dienab Diallo Moustapha Kouyate Mohamed Lamine Kaba Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Health Sciences and Technologies Gamal Abdel Nasser University Conakry Republic of Guinea Pediatric Emergency CHU Donka Ministry of Higher Education Scientific Research and Innovation Conakry Republic of Guinea Hemodialysis Department CHU Donka Ministry of Higher Education Scientific Research and Innovation Conakry Republic of Guinea

Introduction: Glomerular filtration is an important elimination pathway for many types of chemotherapy. Accurate estimation of glomerular filtration is essential in the management of children with cancer. Methodology: This was a prospective cross-sectional study of the descriptive type extending over a period of 6 months from July 01 to December 31, 2021 on all children with cancer followed in the pediatric hemato-oncology unit of the HND with a renal, blood and urinary assessment associated with the GFR calculated by the SCHWARTZ formula during the study period. Results: During the study period, we registered 41 new cases of cancer in the pediatric oncology unit. The age group of 0 - 5 years was the most represented, i.e. 65.85% and the average age was 5.6 ± 4 years. The most cited clinical signs were fever ie 56.10% followed by abdominal pain 34.15% and anemia 26.83%. The most represented diagnosis was Burkitt’s Lymphoma, i.e. 26.83% followed by Retinoblastoma 24.39%. Mean serum creatinine was 70.65 ± 68.93 μmol/L. In our series, patients whose normal glomerular filtration rate were more represented, i.e. 70.73% and 29.27% had an abnormal GFR with an average of 87.28 ± 70 mL/min/1.73m2. Proteinuria and leukocyturia were observed in 31.71% and 19.51% respectively. Glycosuria and hematuria with common frequencies of 2.44% of patients. Conclusion: The prevention of renal toxicity of anticancer drugs always involves the precise evaluation of renal function using the Schwartz formula in children. .

关键词： GFR Child Cancer Chemotherapy

Impact of Multifidus Muscle Morphometry on the Clinical Evolution of Chronic Low Back Pain

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Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research 2023年第1期11卷 1-13页

作者： Ndèye Bigué Mar Aïnina Ndiaye Abdoulaye Ndoye diop Gor Side Diagne Babacar Diao Souleymane Diao Racky Wade Issa Dior Seck Karim Yacouba Garba Sokhna Astou Gawane Thiam mamadou Ndiaye Magaye Gaye Magatte Gaye Sakho Jean Marc Ndiaga Ndoye mamadou diop Assane Ndiaye Abdoulaye Ndiaye Anatomy Laboratory/Joint Research and Diagnosis Unit Iba Der THIAM University of Thiès Thiès Senegal Laboratory and Organogen of Anatomy Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging Gaston Berger University of Saint Louis Dakar Senegal Neurology Department Fann Hospital in Dakar Dakar Senegal Urology Service Ouakam Military Hospital Dakar Senegal Orthopedic Traumatology Service Idrissa Pouye Hospital of Grand Yoff-Dakar Dakar Senegal Neurosurgery Department Idrissa Pouye Hospital of Grand Yoff Dakar Senegal Anatomy Laboratory Assane Seck University of Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Senegal

Purpose: The multifidus muscle is an important extensor muscle of the lumbar spine. It plays a major role in the stability and realization of axial rotation movements of the thoraco-lumbar spine. Its atrophy by fatty degeneration would be at the origin of the occurrence of chronic low back pain which constitutes a public health problem in Senegal. Taking into account its anatomy is essential for the etiopathogenic analysis and the treatment of low back pain. The purpose of our work was to investigate the impact of multifidus muscle morphometry on the anatomy-clinical evolution of low back pain. Material and method: this was a prospective study over a period of 30 months from November 2019 to May 2022. It involved 100 patients seen in the neurology department of Fann Hospital for chronic low back pain and who had already had a scanner falling within the criteria for low back pain. We used 3D Slicer, SPSS 20, Excel 2016 software to model and analyze the morphometric data of the multifidus muscle after physiotherapy and control lumbar scans. Results: The sex ratio was 2.23. The average age of the patients was 45 ± 7 years. On the initial CT scan, according to the Hadar classification, we noted a predominance of grade 2 with 56% in L5/S1, followed by grade 1 with 32% and grade 3 with 14%. In L4/L5, the majority of patients, 67%, had grade 1. A conflicting circumferential disc bulge with the roots predominating in L5/S1 was present in 94% of men (p-value = 0.02). Before physiotherapy, the average volume of the multifidus was 193 mm3 ± 39, after physiotherapy it was 203 mm3 ± 42 with a progression rate of 5.2%. Clinically, severe type pain had regressed from 86% before physiotherapy to 0% after physiotherapy (p-value = 0.03). Conclusion: Taking into account the morphometry of the multifidus is an essential element in the management of chronic low back pain.

关键词： Morphometry Multifidus Low Back Pain Physiotherapy

Regional Climate Models in the Simulation of the Drought of the 1970’s and 1980’s Years in Senegal (In West Africa)

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第9期16卷 585-604页

作者： mamadou Sarr Adoum Mahamat Moussa Malick Wade El Hadji Deme Bouya diop Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Atmosphère et des Océans Matériaux-Energies-Dispositifs (LSAO-MED) Université Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Sénégal Ecole Nationale Supérieur des TIC (ENASTIC) N’Djamena Tchad Laboratoire d’Etudes et de Recherches en Statistique et Développement (LERSTAD) Université Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Sénégal

West Africa was hit by an unprecedented drought in the 1970’s and 1980’s years, with dramatic consequences for surface and groundwater resources. In the context of climate change, there are many studies for the prediction of the increase in the occurrence of these droughts. To predict this situation in the Senegalese region, it is necessary to use regional climate models, which carrying out the study. This work deals with the interest to examine the capacity of the RCMs (regional climate models) in order to reproduce the deficit on the 1970’s year rainfall in Senegal. In this work, we used daily precipitation data from five (5) regional climate models to characterize the droughts in Senegal by using the SPI (Standardized Precipitation Index) on different time scales (3, 6, 12 and 24 months). For this purpose, the index was calculated over two distinct periods: 1951-1969 and 1970-1990. The results show that the period 1970-1990 was drier than the period 1951-1969. For the zonal average, the results show that the North of Senegal was more affected by this deficit rainfall than the South part. The analysis of the interannual variability of rainfall for some stations in Senegal shows that the drought did not start at the same time throughout the zone.

关键词： Climate Change Drought SPI (Standardised Precipitation Index) Senegal

Glomerular Filtration Rate of Children with Sickle Cell Disease Compared to Non-Sickle Cell Patients in Donka Pediatric Emergencies and SOS Drepano-Guinea Center

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第4期13卷 562-567页

作者： Mohamed Lamine Diallo Emmanuel Camara mamadou Moustapha diop mamadou Cire Barry Fatoumata Binta Diallo Aissata Barry Saliou Bellanrcisse Diallo Narcisse Idohou Ganin Paul Ulrich N’dri N’gotta Mamdy Dramé Telly Sy Mohamed Lamine Kaba Paediatric Emergency Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea Paediatrics Department Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea Department of Paediatrics H&#244pital National Ignace Deen Conakry Guinea Centre SOS Drépano-Guinée Conakry Guinea Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics H&#244pital National Ignace Deen Conakry Guinea Haemodialysis Department Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Our study focused on the evaluation of renal function in children with sickle cell disease compared to children without sickle cell disease at the pediatric emergency unit of the Donka National Hospital and SOS Drepano-Guinea center. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study lasting 3 months (October 1 to December 31, 2020). Were included, all sickle cell and non-sickle cell children aged 0 to 15 received on an outpatient basis and had undergone an exploration of renal function (serum creatinine and urine dipstick). Results: We performed the urine dipstick and serum creatinine in 75 children, 45 of whom were sickle cell and 30 were not sickle cell. 27 of our patients or 36% had a reduction in GFR, among them 9 or 20% were sickle cell and 18 or 60% were not sickle cell. The most affected age group was 5 to 9 years in sickle cell (66.7%) and non-sickle cell (38.9%). In sickle cell patients, 9 cases (100%) had mild renal failure (IRL). Non-sickle cell patients, had 14 cases or 77.8% of IRL and 4 cases (22.2%) of moderate IR. Sickle cell disease and antibiotics which had the respective p-value (0.01);(0.02), were statistically significant with the onset of renal failure. Conclusion: Several factors including sickle cell anemia and antibiotics are believed to be involved in lowering GFR. It would be essential to detect early the children received in consultation.

关键词： Flow Filtration Glomerular Child Sickle Cell Disease

Creutzfeldt Jacob’s Disease: A Senegalese Observation

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2022年第1期13卷 43-48页

作者： Ahmadou Bamba Mbodji Alassane mamadou diop Momo Banda Ndiaye Serigne Saliou Mbacke Khalifa Ababacar Mbaye Rokhaya Diagne Ibrahima Niang Ndiaga Matar Gaye Maouly Fall Adjaratou Sow Anna Basse Lala Bouna Seck Moustapha Ndiaye Amadou Gallo diop Department of Ibrahima Pierre Ndiaye Neuroscience Fann Hospital Dakar Sénégal Department of Neurology Pikine Hospital Dakar Sénégal Department of Radiology Fann Hospital Dakar Sénégal

Creuzfelt-Jakob Disease is a rare and progressive neurodegenerative disease that results in fatal, transmissible, subacute, spongiform encephalopathy characterized by rapidly progressive dementia and movement disorder. We present a 62-year-old male with no medical history who was admitted to our hospital because of gait and balance disturbance, language impairment and progressive motor deficit of the four limbs. A neurological examination found frontal lobe syndrome signs, myoclonic movements, pyramidal and extra-pyramidal signs. Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging detected high intensity areas in the basal ganglia. EEG showed generalized triphasic sharp-wave complexes. A Cerebro Spinal Fluid examination found protein 14-3-3. Death occurred six months after onset. This is the first known case of Creuzfelt-Jakob Disease documented in Senegal.

关键词： Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Protein 14-3-3 Prion Disease Rapidly Progressive Dementia