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Effect of Horizontal Resolution on the Representation of the Global Monsoon Annual Cycle in AGCMs

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第8期35卷 107-124页

作者： Lixia ZHANG Tianjun ZHOU Nicholas P.KLINGAMAN Peili WU malcolm roberts LASG Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China National Centre for Atmospheric Science and Department of Meteorology University of ReadingReading RG6 6BBUnited Kingdom Met Office Hadley Centre ExeterEX1 3PBUnited Kingdom

The sensitivity of the representation of the global monsoon annual cycle to horizontal resolution is compared in three AGCMs： the Met Office Unified Model-Global Atmosphere 3.0; the Meteorological Research Institute AGCM3; and the Global High Resolution AGCM from the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory. For each model, we use two horizon- tal resolution configurations for the period 1998-2008. Increasing resolution consistently improves simulated precipitation and low-level circulation of the annual mean and the first two annual cycle modes, as measured by the pattern correla- tion coefficient and equitable threat score. Improvements in simulating the summer monsoon onset and withdrawal are region-dependent. No consistent response to resolution is found in simulating summer monsoon retreat. Regionally, in- creased resolution reduces the positive bias in simulated annual mean precipitation, the two annual-cycle modes over the West African monsoon and Northwestern Pacific monsoon. An overestimation of the solstitial mode and an underestimation of the equinoctial asymmetric mode of the East Asian monsoon axe reduced in all high-resolution configurations. Systematic errors exist in lower-resolution models for simulating the onset and withdrawal of the summer monsoon. Higher resolution models consistently improve the early summer monsoon onset over East Asia and West Africa, but substantial differences exist in the responses over the Indian monsoon region, where biases differ across the three low-resolution AGCMs. This study demonstrates the importance of a multi-model comparison when examining the added value of resolution and the importance of model physical parameterizations for simulation of the Indian monsoon.

关键词： global monsoon high resolution modeling monsoon annual cycle AMIP

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石油管加工设备

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钢管 1983年第6期 65-70页

作者： malcolm roberts 王荣生

由于一九七四年石油价格上涨,人们开始大力开发新油田、新气田,并对从前那些因条件恶劣不赚钱而封闭的油井又重新进行开采。油气田的继续开发,只有在更恶劣条件下,更偏僻地区进行深井作业。这样对优质石油管材的需求量就日益增加。为了... 详细信息

由于一九七四年石油价格上涨,人们开始大力开发新油田、新气田,并对从前那些因条件恶劣不赚钱而封闭的油井又重新进行开采。油气田的继续开发,只有在更恶劣条件下,更偏僻地区进行深井作业。这样对优质石油管材的需求量就日益增加。为了满足需求,因此制订了提高钢管生产和加工设备能力的计划,目前已有很大一部分管加工设备安装投产。据估计,自一九八○年以来,仅美国的制造厂家就耗资20亿美元用于生产石油管加工设备。本文旨在探讨平头石油管矫直、管端加工和检验工艺的某些发展。石油管既可用无缝管,也可用焊接管。低强度管通常经轧制后直接送到精加工区加工;而高强度管一般须在加工前进行淬火和回火。不论是焊接管、无缝管或是经过热处理的钢管在作业线上的加工处理工艺差别甚微。

关键词：辊式矫直机作业线钢管金属管金属压力加工矫直轧制设备切管机石油管生产设备加工设备

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An update on the influence of natural climate variability and anthropogenic climate change on tropical cyclones

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2023年第3期12卷 216-239页

作者： Suzana J.Camargo Hiroyuki Murakami Nadia Bloemendaal Savin S.Chand Medha S.Deshpande Christian Dominguez-Sarmiento Juan Jesús Gonz´alez-Alem´an Thomas R.Knutson I.-I.Lin Il-Ju Moon Christina M.Patricola Kevin A.Reed malcolm J.roberts Enrico Scoccimarro Chi Yung(Francis)Tam Elizabeth J.Wallace Liguang Wu Yohei Yamada Wei Zhang Haikun Zhao Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Columbia UniversityPalisadesNYUSA National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory PrincetonNJUSA University Corporation for Atmospheric Research BoulderCOUSA Vrije University Amsterdam AmsterdamNetherlands Federation University Australia BallaratVictoriaAustralia Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Ministry of Earth SciencesPuneIndia Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmosfera y Cambio Clim´atico Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico(UNAM)Mexico CityMexico Spanish State Meteorological Agency(AEMet) MadridSpain National Taiwan University TaiwanChina Jeju National University JejuRepublic of Korea Iowa State University AmesIAUSA Stony Brook University Stony BrookNYUSA Met Office ExeterUnited Kingdom Fondazione Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici BolognaItaly The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong KongChina Old Dominion University NorfolkVAUSA Fudan University ShanghaiChina Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology YokohamaJapan Utah State University LoganUTUSA Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology NanjingChina

A substantial number of studies have been published since the Ninth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-9)in 2018,improving our understanding of the effect of climate change on tropical cyclones(TCs)and associated hazards and *** studies have reinforced the robustness of increases in TC intensity and associated TC hazards and risks due to anthropogenic climate *** modeling and observational studies suggested the potential influence of anthropogenic climate forcings,including greenhouse gases and aerosols,on global and regional TC activity at the decadal and century time ***,there are still substantial uncertainties owing to model uncertainty in simulating historical TC decadal variability in the Atlantic,and the limitations of observed TC *** projected future change in the global number of TCs has become more uncertain since IWTC-9 due to projected increases in TC frequency by a few climate models.A new paradigm,TC seeds,has been proposed,and there is currently a debate on whether seeds can help explain the physical mechanism behind the projected changes in global TC *** studies also highlighted the importance of large-scale environmental fields on TC activity,such as snow cover and air-sea *** projections on TC translation speed and medicanes are new additional focus topics in our *** and future research are proposed relevant to the remaining scientific questions and assisting policymakers.

关键词： tropical climate variability

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使用UPLC/Q-Tof液质仪的MS^E功能和MassFragment软件对食品包装纸和纸板中潜在迁移物的鉴别和结构分析

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环境化学 2013年第6期32卷 1107-1110页

作者： malcolm Driffield Antony Lloyd Emma Bradley Dominic roberts 食品与环境研究所英国约克沃特世公司英国曼彻斯特

回收的纸和纸板有利于环境清洁,还可以缓解森林资源的压力、降低废物处理量.目前,进入回收环节的纸和纸板类型具有一定的限用管制.回收的纸和纸板最终可以用于要求较低的应用领域,如报纸和杂志、纸板箱和纸板盒,也可用于要求一些较高的... 详细信息

回收的纸和纸板有利于环境清洁,还可以缓解森林资源的压力、降低废物处理量.目前,进入回收环节的纸和纸板类型具有一定的限用管制.回收的纸和纸板最终可以用于要求较低的应用领域,如报纸和杂志、纸板箱和纸板盒,也可用于要求一些较高的应用领域,如食品包装.近年来,回收纸和纸板用于食品包装时经常出问题,食品中检测到来自回收纸和纸板的污染物,印刷报纸和杂志的油墨中发现了矿物烃类化合物、邻苯二甲酸盐,目录和手册所用粘合剂中存在邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯,以纸和纸板外表面存在光引发剂和其它成分.这些类型的化学物在经过回收处理后仍会存在.

关键词：食品包装纸纸板结构分析邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯回收处理鉴别迁移软件

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科技园在英国区域发展和科技创新战略框架中的作用

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国际城市规划 2008年第1期23卷 118-126页

作者： malcolm Parry Eulian roberts 许景刘伟奇王兴平英国萨里大学University of Surrey萨里科技园区主任 ANGLE技术公司中东执行总裁东南大学建筑学院城市规划系

Science parks have been in existence for over 20 years in the UK. A review of these reveals that there are three groups (stakeholders) that have an interest in these projects, each of which has a variety of objectives for involvement. However, there is one common or cross cutting objective for all stakeholders which is an interest in knowledge transfer and commercialization. Over the years there have been a number studies in the UK that have looked at this common purpose and some suggest that science parks do not meet this objective. In 2003 the UK Science Park Association (UKSPA) and the UK Government’s Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) Small Business Service (SBS) funded a comparative study of 876 companies both on and off science parks in an attempt to evaluate the past and future economic contribution of the UK Science Park Movement. The most significant finding and conclusion of this study was that there were significant differences in the performance of Science Park across the UK and that this performance was as a result of the economic environment in which individual parks operate. In addition, the study showed that science parks play a positive role in supporting the growth of technology - related businesses, and hence wealth creation, in the UK; they make a significant and distinct contribution to the UK’s economic infrastructure; the accommodation they provide is valued by tenants and the overall commercial performance of the companies based on them is better than similar firms located elsewhere. The broad conclusion of this study were that the effectiveness of science parks in helping tenant companies drive technology up the value chain, is dependent on a number of other external factors and this highlighted the need to develop and implement wider policies and strategies to support science parks if they are to reach their full potential as instruments of economic development. This paper reviews some of the studies on science parks and considers these

关键词：科技园英国科技创新区域发展商业化应用基础设施建设知识转化框架

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使用UPLC/Q-Tof液质仪对食品包装纸和纸板中潜在迁移物进行鉴别和分析

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食品安全导刊 2013年第6期 35-37页

作者： malcolm Driffield Antony Lloyd Emma Bradley Dominic roberts 食品与环境研究所(英国约克) 沃特世公司(英国曼彻斯特)

目前,进入回收环节的纸和纸板类型具有一定的限用管制。回收的纸和纸板最终可以用于要求较低的应用领域,例如报纸和杂志、纸板箱和纸板盒,以及要求较高的应用领域,例如食品包装。近年来,科学文献和媒体报道过一些有关回收纸和纸板用于... 详细信息

目前,进入回收环节的纸和纸板类型具有一定的限用管制。回收的纸和纸板最终可以用于要求较低的应用领域,例如报纸和杂志、纸板箱和纸板盒,以及要求较高的应用领域,例如食品包装。近年来,科学文献和媒体报道过一些有关回收纸和纸板用于食品包装时出现的问题。食品中检测到来自回收纸和纸板的污染物。

关键词：食品包装纸纸板鉴别迁移科学文献回收污染物应用

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Clinical Analysis of the Colorectal Cohort within the Wales Cancer Biobank: A Study of Outcomes and Genetic Screening

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2023年第7期14卷 317-344页

作者： Lisa K. Spary Katie DeLoyde Helen roberts Fiona Martin Chi Pooi Lee Rachel Butler malcolm D. Mason Geraldine A. Thomas Alison Parry-Jones Richard A. Adams Institute of Cancer and Genetics School of Medicine University Hospital of Wales Main Building Cardiff University Cardiff UK All Wales Medical Genetics Service Institute of Medical Genetics University Hospital of Wales Cardiff UK

Over the last 12 years, the Wales Cancer Biobank (WCB) has consented to more than 2000 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). From these patients, clinical data has been collected and patients have been followed through their cancer journey. Clinical data from these patients have been analyzed to identify any correlation between disease grade and outcome. In a small cohort, consisting of 407 patients, WCB has performed genetic analysis on patient primary tumor samples, identifying and characterizing mutations in the KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA and TP53 genes. The majority of patients with CRC who were consented to WCB were male with a mean age of 69 years and received surgery as the primary treatment for their disease. Pathology and disease-free survival data confirmed worse prognoses associated with more advanced disease. Heterogeneity within the primary tumor was explored in a subgroup of patients. Analysis of the KRAS and TP53 genes confirmed that more than 40% of CRC patients who were tested, harbored a genetic mutation within these genes in their primary tumor. Due to the limited sample size tested, most mutations did not show significant differences in disease-free survival, however, mutation of the BRAF gene did show a decrease in the disease specific survival, in keeping with the published data. Analysis of the patients diagnosed with CRC within the Biobank has provided us with valuable information on the status of CRC disease and treatment within the Welsh population. Over 12 years of consenting, we have witnessed significant changes in the information that researchers are interested in when sourcing samples for translational research. The development of new drugs that are tailored to the genetics of a cancer is emerging and at WCB we are focusing our collections on samples and data that meet the needs of this ever-evolving field.

关键词： Colorectal Cancer Biobank Outcome Genetics Screening

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