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Etiology and management of urethral calculi:A systematic review of contemporary series

Asian journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 10-18页

作者： Andrew Morton Arsalan Tariq Nigel Dunglison Rachel Esler Matthew j.roberts Faculty of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Urology Ipswich HospitalQueenslandAustralia Department of Urology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalQueenslandAustralia The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research HerstonAustralia

Objective:To conduct a systematic literature review on urethral calculi in a contemporary cohort describing etiology,investigation,and management ***:A systematic search of MEDLINE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL)databases was ***,including case reports and case series on urethral calculi published between january 2000 and December 2019,were ***-text manuscripts were reviewed for clinical parameters including symptomatology,etiology,medical history,investigations,treatment,and *** were collated and analyzed with univariate ***:Seventy-four publications met inclusion criteria,reporting on 95 *** symptoms(41.1%),pain(40.0%),and acute urinary retention(32.6%)were common presenting *** calculi were most often initially investigated using plain X-ray(63.2%),with almost all radio-opaque(98.3%).Urethral calculi were frequently associated with coexistent bladder or upper urinary tract calculi(16.8%)and underlying urethral pathology(53.7%)including diverticulum(33.7%)or stricture(13.7%).Urethral calculi were most commonly managed with external urethrolithotomy(31.6%),retrograde manipulation(22.1%),and endoscopic in situ lithotripsy(17.9%).Conclusion:This unique systematic review of urethral calculi provided a summary of clinical features and treatment trends with a suggested treatment *** in contemporary urological practice should be according to calculus size,shape,anatomical location,and presence of urethral pathology.

关键词： Urinary calculi Urethra Urethral calculi Management algorithm

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The risk of prostate cancer on incidental finding of an avid prostate uptake on 2-deoxy-2-[^(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for non-prostate cancer-related pathology:A single centre retrospective study

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Asian journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 33-41页

作者： Anthony Franklin Troy Gianduzzo Boon Kua David Wong Louise McEwan james Walters Rachel Esler Matthew j.roberts Geoff Coughlina john W.Yaxley Department of Urology The Wesley HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia Wesley Medical Research BrisbaneQLDAustralia School of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of Radiology Wesley Medical ImagingBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of Urology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia

Objective:To review the risk of prostate cancer(PCa)in men with incidentally reported increased intraprostatic uptake at 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography(18F-FDG PET/CT)ordered at Department of Urology,The Wesley Hospital,Brisbane,QLD,Australia for non-PCa related ***:Retrospective analysis of consecutive men between August 2014 and August 2019 presenting to a single institution for 18F-FDG PET/CT for non-prostate related conditions was *** were classified as benign,indeterminate,or malignant depending of the results of prostate-specific antigen(PSA),PSA velocity,biopsy histopathology,and three-Tesla(3 T)multiparametric MRI(mpMRI)Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score,or gallium-68-prostate-specific membrane antigen(68Ga-PSMA)PET/CT ***:Three percent(273/9122)of men demonstrated 18F-FDG avidity within the ***-five percent(231/273)were further investigated,including with PSA tests(227/231,98.3%),3 T mpMRI(68/231,29.4%),68Ga-PSMA PET/CT(33/231,14.3%),and prostate biopsy(57/231,24.7%).Results were considered benign in 130/231(56.3%),indeterminate in 31/231(13.4%),and malignant in 70/231(30.3%).PCa was identified in 51/57(89.5%)of the men who proceeded to biopsy,including 26/27(96.3%)men with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System scores 4-5 mpMRI and six men with a positive 68Ga-PSMA PET/*** most common Gleason score on biopsy was greater than or equal to 4+5(14/51,27.5%).68Ga-PSMA PET/CT was concordant with the 18F-FDG findings in 26/33(78.8%).All 13 men with a positive concordant 18F-FDG,3 T mpMRI,and 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT had PCa on *** was no statistically significant difference in the 18F-FDG maximum standardized uptake value between the benign or malignant groups(5.7 vs.6.1;p=0.580).Conclusion:In this study,after an incidental finding of an avid intraprostatic lesion on 18F-FDG PET/CT,70 of the 231 cases(30.3%;0.8%of the entire cohort)had results c

关键词： Prostatecancer Positionemission tomography Multiparametric magneticresonance imaging Prostatebiopsy

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An update on the influence of natural climate variability and anthropogenic climate change on tropical cyclones

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2023年第3期12卷 216-239页

作者： Suzana j.Camargo Hiroyuki Murakami Nadia Bloemendaal Savin S.Chand Medha S.Deshpande Christian Dominguez-Sarmiento juan jesús Gonz´alez-Alem´an Thomas R.Knutson I.-I.Lin Il-ju Moon Christina M.Patricola Kevin A.Reed malcolm j.roberts Enrico Scoccimarro Chi Yung(Francis)Tam Elizabeth j.Wallace Liguang Wu Yohei Yamada Wei Zhang Haikun Zhao Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Columbia UniversityPalisadesNYUSA National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory PrincetonNJUSA University Corporation for Atmospheric Research BoulderCOUSA Vrije University Amsterdam AmsterdamNetherlands Federation University Australia BallaratVictoriaAustralia Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Ministry of Earth SciencesPuneIndia Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmosfera y Cambio Clim´atico Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico(UNAM)Mexico CityMexico Spanish State Meteorological Agency(AEMet) MadridSpain National Taiwan University TaiwanChina jeju National University JejuRepublic of Korea Iowa State University AmesIAUSA Stony Brook University Stony BrookNYUSA Met Office ExeterUnited Kingdom Fondazione Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici BolognaItaly The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong KongChina Old Dominion University NorfolkVAUSA Fudan University ShanghaiChina japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology YokohamaJapan Utah State University LoganUTUSA Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology NanjingChina

A substantial number of studies have been published since the Ninth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-9)in 2018,improving our understanding of the effect of climate change on tropical cyclones(TCs)and associated hazards and *** studies have reinforced the robustness of increases in TC intensity and associated TC hazards and risks due to anthropogenic climate *** modeling and observational studies suggested the potential influence of anthropogenic climate forcings,including greenhouse gases and aerosols,on global and regional TC activity at the decadal and century time ***,there are still substantial uncertainties owing to model uncertainty in simulating historical TC decadal variability in the Atlantic,and the limitations of observed TC *** projected future change in the global number of TCs has become more uncertain since IWTC-9 due to projected increases in TC frequency by a few climate models.A new paradigm,TC seeds,has been proposed,and there is currently a debate on whether seeds can help explain the physical mechanism behind the projected changes in global TC *** studies also highlighted the importance of large-scale environmental fields on TC activity,such as snow cover and air-sea *** projections on TC translation speed and medicanes are new additional focus topics in our *** and future research are proposed relevant to the remaining scientific questions and assisting policymakers.

关键词： tropical climate variability

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Multi-Time-Scale Variational Mode Decomposition-Based Robust Fault Diagnosis of Railway Point Machines Under Multiple Noises

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Chinese journal of Electronics 2024年第3期33卷 814-822页

作者： junqi LIU Tao WEN Guo XIE Yuan CAO Clive roberts Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Complex System Control and Intelligent Information Processing Xi'an University of Technology The School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Birmingham Centre for Railway Research and Education University of Birmingham

The fault diagnosis of railway point machines(RPMs) has attracted the attention of engineers and *** have studies considered diverse noises along the *** fulfill this aspect,a multi-time-scale variational mode decomposition(MTSVMD) is proposed in this paper to realize the accurate and robust fault diagnosis of RPMs under multiple *** decomposes condition monitoring signals after coarse-grained processing in varying *** this manner,the information contained in the signal components at multiple time scales can construct a more abundant feature space than at a single *** the experimental validation,a random position,random type,random number,and random length(4R) noise-adding algorithm helps to verify the robustness of the *** adequate experimental results demoristrate the superiority of the proposed MTSVMD-based fault diagnosis.

关键词： Fault diagnosis Condition monitoring Noise Signal processing algorithms Aerospace electronics Rail transportation Robustness

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Design,Development and Testing of the jTech Bolt for Use in Static,Quasi-Static and Dynamic Domains

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journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2024年第6期18卷 282-295页

作者： Trent roberts jennmar Australia Pty Ltd. 40-44 Anzac Avenue Smeaton Grange NSW 2567Australia

Designing a rock reinforcement element requires knowledge of:geomechanical behaviour,interaction of the reinforcement element with rock mass and the element’s mechanistic response in static and dynamic *** this knowledge the jTech bolt was developed and subjected to a thorough program to test,gather data and validate the bolt performance in varying *** conducting FE(finite element)modeling,the simulation reviews the jTech bolt design evaluating the effects of threadbar geometric variation,threadbar and nut engagement results under high stress,coating friction response and effects of thread tolerance extremes on the failure *** results determine safety factors,tolerances and quality management *** manufactured,in-situ system testing,laboratory and underground short encapsulation testing,resin mixing testing,double shear testing and dynamic testing at varying velocity and mass,determine the system’s capacity and effectiveness in static,quasi-static and dynamic mining *** this paper,the process and results are described.

关键词： Rock reinforcement geomechanical behavior static quasi-static dynamic domains

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Hepatic vein reconstruction during hepatectomy:A feasible and underused technique

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第4期23卷 421-427页

作者： Manish Ahuja Kunal joshi Chris Coldham Paulo Muiesan Bobby Dasari Manuel Abradelo Ravi Marudanayagam Darius Mirza john Isaac David Bartlett Nikolaos A Chatzizacharias Robert P Sutcliffe Keith j.roberts Department of HPB and Liver Transplant Surgery University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy University of BirminghamBirminghamUK

Complete surgical resection(R0)of liver tumors,primary or metastatic,remains the main objective in management of primary and metastatic liver tumors[1].Tumors invading to the proximity of the hepatic venous outflow pose a peculiar challenge to achieve R0 resections,because this location may render a tumor *** median survival of patients with liver tumor without surgery is less than 12 months[2].Even with surgery,post-hepatectomy liver failure and subsequently increased mortality are the main problems associated with complex resection[3].Moreover,when the vein is affected,vein resection and subsequent reconstruction are *** resection is a standard practice in liver resection and transplantation[4],for example,hepatic vein reconstruction during a living-donor liver transplant,porto-mesenteric axis reconstruction during resection of advanced pancreatic cancer and caval reconstruction during resection of retroperitoneal ***,novel techniques like total hepatic vascular exclusion(HVE)[5],veno-venous bypass[6]and ex vivo hepatic resection[7,8]have facilitated curative resections of tumors close to one or more major hepatic veins.

关键词： hepatectomy surgery mortality

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第3期12卷 414-422页

作者： joseph M.Bano Rebecca j.McAdams Kristin j.roberts jingzhen Yang Lara B.McKenzie Center for Injury Research and Policy Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOH 43205USA Department of Pediatrics The Ohio State UniversityCollege of MedicineColumbusOH 43205USA Division of Epidemiology The Ohio State UniversityCollege of Public HealthColumbusOH 43210USA

Background:Lacrosse is one of the fastest-growing sports in the United *** rules regarding permitted contact differ by sex and *** are no known studies using a nationally representative data set to analyze lacrosse injury patterns over several years by sex and age in the youth ***:A retrospective analysis was performed using data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System for youth aged 11-18 years who were treated for lacrosse-related injuries in *** departments from 2000 to *** on our review of the case narratives,we created and coded a new injury-mechanism *** generated national estimates from 6406 ***:An estimated 206,274 lacrosse-related injuries to youths aged 11-18 years were treated in *** departments from 2000 to *** rate of injuries per 10,000 significantly increased from 1.9 in 2000 to a peak of 5.3 in 2012(pjury mechanism,body part injured,and diagnosis differed by *** were 1.62 times(95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.25-2.09)more likely than girls to be injured by player-to-player *** were 2.21 times(95%CI:1.96-2.49)more likely than boys to have non-contact ***,as age increased,the percentage of injuries from lacrosse sticks decreased and player-toplayer contact ***:Despite additional protective regulations in the sport,lacrosse is an important source of injury where we continue to see differences by sex and *** study supports the continuation,modification,and addition of rules aimed at reducing lacrosse injury risk.

关键词： Lacrosse National Electronic Injury Surveillance System Sex differences Youth injuries

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Appraisal of the current guidelines for management of cholangiocarcinoma-using the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation Ⅱ (AGREE Ⅱ) Instrument

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第2期9卷 126-135,中插1页

作者： Paschalis Gavriilidis Alan Askari Keith j.roberts Robert P.Sutcliffe Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Liver Transplant Surgery Queen Elizabeth University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK Department of Upper Gastro-Intestinal Surgery West Hertfordshire Hospitals NHS TrustWatfordUK

Cholangiocarcinoma(CC)is the second most common primary liver ***-quality guidelines are essential for effective patient stratification and individualised *** study aimed to appraise the methodological quality of existing guidelines for the resection of CC using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research&Evaluation(AGREE II)instrument.A systematic search of the literature in Cochrane,PubMed,Google Scholar,and Embase was *** of the clinical practice guidelines(CPGs)and consensuses was performed using the AGREE II instrument by four clinicians experienced in surgical practice and the AGREE II appraisal *** searches identified 13 guidelines of highly variable quality according to the AGREE II *** guidelines scored well in certain domains such as scope&purpose(median score across all guidelines;65%),clarity of presentation(76%),and editorial independence(56%).However,they scored poorly for applicability(13%),rigour of development(30%),and stakeholder involvement(39%).None of the 13 guidelines was recommended universally for use without ***,the methodological quality of guidelines on the surgical management of CC is *** updates should address and modify shortcomings detected by the AGREE II instrument,thereby facilitating better patient stratification and individualised treatment strategies.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma(CC) clinical practice guidelines(CPGs) Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation instrument(AGREE II instrument)

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Surgical management of the diabetic foot:The current evidence

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World journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 404-417页

作者： Richard Henry Randall roberts Gareth Rhys Davies-jones james Brock Vaishnav Satheesh Greg Aj.robertson Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Wrexham Maelor HospitalWrexham LL137TDUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic HospitalOswestry SY107AGUnited Kingdom

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications,particularly diabetic foot pathologies,poses significant healthcare challenges and economic burdens *** review synthesises current evidence on the surgical management of the diabetic foot,focusing on the interplay between neuropathy,ischemia,and infection that commonly culminates in ulcers,infections,and,in severe cases,*** escalating incidence of diabetes mellitus underscores the urgency for effective management strategies,as diabetic foot complications are a leading cause of hospital admissions among diabetic patients,significantly impacting morbidity and mortality *** review explores the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying diabetic foot complications and further examines diabetic foot ulcers,infections,and skeletal pathologies such as Charcot arthropathy,emphasising the critical role of early diagnosis,comprehensive management strategies,and interdisciplinary care in mitigating adverse *** addressing surgical interventions,this review evaluates conservative surgeries,amputations,and reconstructive procedures,highlighting the importance of tailored approaches based on individual patient profiles and the specific characteristics of foot *** integration of advanced diagnostic tools,novel surgical techniques,and postoperative care,including offloading and infection control,are discussed in the context of optimising healing and preserving limb function.

关键词： Diabetes Diabetic foot Charcot Osteomyelitis Amputation Diabetic foot attack Conservative surgery

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Clostridium novyi-NT in cancer therapy

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Genes & Diseases 2016年第2期3卷 144-152页

作者： Verena Staedtke Nicholas j.roberts Ren-Yuan Bai Shibin Zhou Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics The Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Cancer CenterBaltimoreMD 21287USA Department of Neurology The Johns Hopkins Medical InstitutesBaltimoreMD 21231USA Department of Pathology Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research CenterJohns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBaltimoreMD 21231USA Department of Neurosurgery The Johns Hopkins Medical InstitutesBaltimoreMD 21231USA

The attenuated anaerobic bacterium Clostridium novyi-NT(***-NT)is known for its ability to precisely germinate in and eradicate treatment-resistant hypoxic tumors in various experimental animal models and spontaneously occurring canine *** this article,we review the therapeutic and toxicologic aspects of ***-NT therapy,key challenges and limitations,and promising strategies to optimize its performance via recombinant DNA technology and immunotherapeutic approaches,to establish ***-NT as an essential tool in cancer therapy.

关键词： Bacteria Bacterial cancer therapy Cancer Clostridium Clostridium novyi-NT Hypoxia Immunotherapy

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