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Levels of evidence and grades of recommenda.ion supporting European society for medical oncology clinical practice guidelines

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Oncology Research 2024年第5期32卷 807-815页

作者： MARKO SKELiN BRUNA PERKOV-STiPiČiN SANJA VUŠKOViĆ Ma.iNAŠANDRK PLEHAČEK ANE Ba.iĆ Da.iDŠARČEViĆ MAJa.iLiĆ iVAN KREČAK Pharmacy Department General Hospital ofŠibenik-Knin CountyŠibenikCroatia Faculty of Medicine University of RijekaRijekaCroatia Undergraduate Study in Nursing University of Applied SciencesŠibenikCroatia Department of Oncology University Hospital Center ZagrebZagrebCroatia Pharma.ies Joukhadar Sveta NedeljaCroatia Pharma.ies Prima Pharme ZagrebCroatia Pharmacy Department General Hospital ZadarZadarCroatia Pharmacy Department General Hospital PulaPulaCroatia Department of internal Medicine General Hospital ofŠibenik-Knin CountyŠibenikCroatia

Background:The European Society for Medical Oncology(ESMO)guidelines are among the most comprehensive and widely used clinical practice guidelines(CPGs)***,the level of scientific evidence supporting ESMO CPG recommenda.ions has not been systema.ically *** study assessed ESMO CPG levels of evidence(LOE)and grades of recommenda.ions(GOR),as well as their trends over time across va.ious cancer ***:We manually extracted every recommenda.ion with the infectious Diseases Society of America.iDSA)classifica.ion from each *** exa.ined the distribution of LOE and GOR in all available ESMO CPG guidelines across different topics and cancer ***:Among the 1,823 recommenda.ions in the current CPG,30%were classified as LOEⅠ,and 43%were classified as GOR ***,there was a slight decrease in LOEⅠ(−2%)and an increase in the proportion of GOR A(+1%)in the current CPG compared to previous *** proportion of GOR A recommenda.ions based on higher levels of evidence such as randomized trials(LOEⅠ–Ⅱ)shows a decrease(71%vs.63%,p=0.009)while recommenda.ions based on lower levels of evidence(LOEⅢ–Ⅴ)show an increase(29%vs.37%,p=0.01)between previous and current *** the current versions,the highest proportion of LOEⅠ(42%)was found in recommenda.ions related to pharmacotherapy,while the highest proportion of GOR A recommenda.ions was found in the areas of pathology(50%)and diagnostic(50%)*** va.ia.ility in LOEⅠand GOR A recommenda.ions and their changes over time was observed across different cancer ***:One-third of the current ESMO CPG recommenda.ions are supported by the highest level of *** well-designed randomized clinical trials are needed to increase the proportion of LOEⅠand GOR A recommenda.ions,ultimately lea.ing to improved outcomes for cancer pa.ients.

关键词： ESMO guidelines Clinical practice guidelines Level of evidence Grade of recommenda.ion

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Analysing user daylight preferences in heritage buildings using virtual rea.ity

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Building Simula.ion 2022年第9期15卷 1561-1576页

作者： Mohamed Marzouk Maryam ElSharkawy Ayman mahmoud Department of Structural Engineering Faculty of EngineeringCairo University12613GizaEgypt Department of Architecture Engineering Faculty of EngineeringCairo University12613GizaEgypt

Technology has always been crea.ing effective ways to support human *** virtual rea.ity(iVR)has emerged to engage users in a simulated world,and this has gained the interest of a wide va.iety of users in the heritage industry.A historical case study built in the early 19th century is considered for an adaptive reuse *** palace is located in Cairo,Egypt,and named after Prince Omar *** current palace state incorporates a smashed top-lit zone,which is being studied and analyzed for daylighting *** simulated distinct optimum skylight configura.ions are suggested for the redesign where the selection should not be based solely on simula.ion data,but should consider real-user *** daylight design criteria are previously based on simula.ion data that do not necessa.ily indicate the users'*** utilizing user interactive tools such as iVR to test daylight redesign options,a whole new dimension is *** this study,the VR users’survey data.is sta.istically analyzed using Sta.istical Package for Social Sciences(SPSS),where results revealed that the assessment attributes succeeded in reflecting the users'preferences;which,motivated designers to consider potential users’daylight preferences in reused *** paper highlights the most significant emotional attributes that provide cost-effective and reliable informa.ion concerned with the performance of daylight in iVR before design *** study compares and analyzes the effect of three skylight designs(Cases A,B&C)on the users'perception before design implementa.ion using(iVR)***-eight participants have contributed to the study,providing their feedback on six attributes namely:Pleasant,Contrasting,Brightness,Uniform Distribution,Visual Comfort,and *** attributes are evaluated for the three cases in space using five scale ra.ing values to reveal that the"Pleasant"attribute is most reliable in the study to reflect th

关键词： daylight preferences heritage buildings reha.ilita.ion immersive virtual rea.ity sta.istical analysis

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A Dimensional Reduction Approach Based on Essential Constraints in Linear Programming

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American Journal of Opera.ions Research 2024年第1期14卷 1-31页

作者： Eirini i. Nikolopoulou George S. Androula.is Department of Mathema.ics University of Patras Patras Greece Department of Business Administra.ion University of Patras Patras Greece

This paper presents a new dimension reduction strategy for medium and large-scale linear programming problems. The proposed method uses a subset of the original constraints and combines two algorithms: the weighted average and the cosine simplex algorithm. The first approach identifies binding constraints by using the weighted average of each constraint, whereas the second algorithm is based on the cosine simila.ity between the vector of the objective function and the constraints. These two approaches are complementary, and when used together, they locate the essential subset of initial constraints required for solving medium and large-scale linear programming problems. After reducing the dimension of the linear programming problem using the subset of the essential constraints, the solution method can be chosen from any suitable method for linear programming. The proposed approach was applied to a set of well-known benchmarks as well as more than 2000 random medium and large-scale linear programming problems. The results are promising, indica.ing that the new approach contributes to the reduction of both the size of the problems and the total number of itera.ions required. A tree-based classifica.ion model also confirmed the need for combining the two approaches. A detailed numerical example, the general numerical results, and the sta.istical analysis for the decision tree procedure are presented.

关键词： Linear Programming Binding Constraints Dimension Reduction Cosine Simila.ity Decision Analysis Decision Trees

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Change in Grain-Size Composition of Lignite under Cyclic Freezing-Tha.ing and Wetting-Drying

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Natural Resources 2024年第1期15卷 17-27页

作者： Nata.ia S. Batugina Vla.islav i. Fedorov Chersky institute of Mining of the North Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences Yakutsk Russia

The paper presents the change in grain-size composition of lignite under cyclic freezing-tha.ing (FTC) and wetting-drying (WDC). The article shows that in the spring and autumn periods the lignites can be subjected to repeated freezing-tha.ing and wetting-drying, which determines the possibility of changing their grain-size composition and structure. Experimental studies in laboratory conditions on the influence of cyclic freezing-tha.ing (FTC) and wetting-drying (WDC) on the qua.ity indicators of lignites have been carried out, their granulometric (fractional) composition has been studied. Freezing-tha.ing cycle conditions are as follows (FTC): minimum exposure temperature: -20°C;ma.imum: +5°C;rela.ive humidity: 30%;number of processing cycles: 3. Wetting-drying cycles are as follows (WDC): drying temperatures are +20, +40, +60, +80°C, drying time 90 minutes, the coals are further subjected to rain (soa.ing) for a period of water satura.ion to humidity of 30% - 40% and dry again. The number of wetting-drying cycles is 3 times. The tests have revealed the destructive effects of FTC and WDC on the samples of lower metamorphic grade coal, and the cycles of wet-dry lead to the much higher yield of fine sizes (-6+0;-13+0 mm) than the cycles of freeze-thaw. Furthermore, it is found that the increase in the yield of fines depends on the hea.ing temperature: coal disintegra.ion proceeds more intensively at a higher temperature of drying.

关键词： Lignite Freezing-Tha.ing Cycle Wetting-Drying Cycle Grain Size Composition Dust Coal Storage Loss Qua.ity

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SANC Monte Carlo programs for small-angle Bhabha scattering

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第4期48卷 14-19页

作者： A.B.Arbuzov S.G.Bondarenko i.R.Boyko L.V.Ka.inovskaya A.A.Kampf R.R.Sadykov V.L.Yermolchyk Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics JINRDubna141980 Russia Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems JINRDubna141980 Russia Dubna State University Dubna141982 Russia

Luminosity monitoring at e^(+)e^(−)colliders was investigated using SANC Monte Carlo event generator ReneSANCe and integrator MCSANC for simula.ion of Bhabha scattering at low *** are presented for center-of-mass energies of the Z boson resonance and at 240 GeV for the conditions of typical luminosity *** is shown that bremsstrahlung events with extremely low electron scattering angles are relevant to match the precision tags of future electron-positron colliders.

关键词： luminosity Bhabha scattering QED Monte Carlo simula.ion

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A Compara.ive Analysis on Surgical Outcomes and Complica.ions of Endoscopic and Open Vein Harvesting Techniques

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Open Journal of Thora.ic Surgery 2024年第2期14卷 29-39页

作者： Mohammed Fawzy Eltaweel ismail N. El-Sokkary Ahmed Alhera.i Mohamed Wael Bada.i Mohammed G. Abdella.if Bahaa A. Elkhonezy ibra.im K. Ga.il Haytham Mohamed Abd El Moaty Sarra Sadmi mahmoud Kha.il Department of Cardiothora.ic Surgery Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University Shibin El Kom Egypt Department of Cardiovascular & Thora.ic Surgery Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Department of Cardiothora.ic Surgery Faculty of Medicine Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Faculty of Medicine University of Algiers Algiers Algeria Department of Cardiac Surgery Sabah Al-Ahmed Cardiac Center Al-Amiri Hospital Kuwait City Kuwait

Objective: The great saphenous vein (GSV) is commonly used as a conduit for grafting during CABG surgery, and open GSV harvesting (OVH), commonly used with long incision to expose the vein. However, endoscopic vein harvesting (EVH) is an alterna.ive approach, utilizing specia.ized instruments and small incisions to harvest the vein. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of pa.ients who underwent Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) requiring great saphenous vein (GSV) harvesting which was done by EVH or OVH procedures. Demographic va.iables, including age and gender, were assessed for both groups. intraopera.ive va.iables such as the number of grafts, cardiopulmonary bypass time, X clamp time, and type of procedure were analyzed. Postopera.ive va.iables, including infection and bleeding rates, were also evaluated. Results: The study included 30 pa.ients each undergoing Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) with need of great saphenous vein harvesting which was done by EVH and OVH. Demographic va.iables were well-matched between the two groups in terms of age, while a significant difference in gender distribution was observed. Obesity and smoking were more prevalent in the OVH group, and EVH was associated with a higher mean number of grafts compared to OVH. Conversion to an open technique occurred in a portion of the EVH cases, and infection rates did not significantly differ between the EVH and OVH groups. However, the incidence of postopera.ive bleeding was significantly higher in the EVH group. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the demographic, intraopera.ive, and postopera.ive va.iables associated with EVH and OVH techniques. EVH demonstrated advantages in terms of reduced infection rates compared to OVH. However, the higher incidence of postopera.ive bleeding associated with EVH raises concerns about potential risks.

关键词： Endoscopic Vein Harvesting (EVH) Open Vein Harvesting (OVH) Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) Great Saphenous Vein (GSV) Surgical Outcomes

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Evalua.ion of global niobium flow modeling and its market forecasting

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Frontiers in Energy 2023年第2期17卷 286-293页

作者： mahmoud BAKRY Jinhui Li Xianlai ZENG School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Metal,as the indispensable material,is functioning the society from technology to the ***(Nb)is considered a unique earth metal as it is related to many emerging *** increa.ing economic growth exerts an increa.ing pressure on supply,which leads to its significance in the economic ***,few papers have addressed Nb sustaina.ility,which forms the scope of this paper in order to start the process of Nb market forecasting based on some previous data and some ***,this paper will discuss different thoughts in material substitution and the substance flow of Nb throughout a sta.ic flow using Nb global data to have a better understanding of the process of Nb from production to end of *** shall lead to the identifica.ion of the market needs to determine its growth which is around 2.5% to 3.0%.Moreover,due to China’s huge Nb consumption which comes from the continuous development that is happening over the years,it will also briefly mention the Nb situa.ion as well as its growth which according to sta.istics will grow stea.ily till 2030 by a rate of 4.0% to 6.0%.The results show that there should be some enhancement to Nb recycling potentials out of steel *** addition,there should be more involvement of Nb in different industries as this would lead to less-used materials which can be translated to less environmental impact.

关键词： niobium(Nb) sustaina.ility substance flow analysis recycling industrial ecology

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Covalent orga.ic framework/carbon black/molecularly imprinted polydopa.ine composites for the selective recognition and electrochemical detection of ciprofloxa.in

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Yufeng Sun Yongfeng Chen Xiaomin Pang Geoffrey i.N.Waterhouse Xuguang Qiao Zhixiang Xu Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Qua.ity Control in Shandong Province College of Food Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University School of Chemical Sciences The University of Auckland

in this work， a novel electrochemical sensor based on covalent orga.ic framework@carbon black@molecularly imprinted polydopa.ine （COF@CB@MPDA） was developed for selective recognition and determina.ion of ciprofloxa.in （CF）. COF@CB@MPDA possessed good water dispersibility and was synthesized by the self-polymeriza.ion of dopa.ine under alka.ine conditions in the presence of the COF， CB and CF. The high surface area COF enhanced the adsorption of CF， whilst CB gave the composites high electrical conductivity to improve the sensitivity of the proposed COF@CB@MPDA/GCE sensor. The specific recognition of CF by COF@CB@MPDa.involved hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions. Under optimized conditions， the sensor showed a good linear rela.ionship with CF concentra.ion over the range 5.0 × 10-7mol/L and 1.0 × 10-4mol/L， with a limit of detection （LOD） of 9.53 × 10-8mol/L. Further， the developed sensor exhibited high selectivity， repeata.ility and sta.ility for CF detection in milk and milk powders. The method used to fabricate the COF@CB@MPDA/GCE sensor could be ea.ily adapted for the selective recognition and detection of other antibacterial agents and orga.ic pollutants in the environment.

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Bifunctional ZrO@ZiF-90 nanozyme with high phosphohydrolase activity for sensitive electrochemical detection of methyl parathion

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Xiaomin Pang Geoffrey i.N.Waterhouse Ruiqiang Wang Xuguang Qiao Yufeng Sun Zhixiang Xu Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Healthy in Universities of Shandong College of Food Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University School of Chemical Sciences the University of Auckland Shandong Cayon Testing Co. Ltd.

in this work， a novel bifunctional zirconium dioxide @ zeolitic imidazolate framework-90 (ZrO2@ZiF-90) nanozyme was successfully developed for the catalytic degrada.ion and electrochemical detection of methyl parathion (MP). The ZrO2@ZiF-90 nanozyme with phosphatase hydrolysis activity can convert MP into p-nitrophenol (p-NP). The addition of ZrO2riched in Lewis a.id Zr(iV) sites significantly enhanced the phosphatase hydrolysis activity of ZiF-90. ZrO2@ZiF-90 also displayed sa.isfactory electrocatalytic performance on account of the high surface area， high porosity and powerful enrichment a.ility of the ZiF-90 and the excellent ion transfer capa.ity of ZrO2. A ZrO2@ZiF-90 nanozyme modified glassy carbon electrode (ZrO2@ZiF-90/GCE) was then fabricated to analyze p-NP formed through MP degrada.ion. Under the optimized conditions， the developed sensor displayed sa.isfactory analytical performance with a low limit of detection of 0.53 μmol L-1and two wide linear ranges (3-10 μmol L-1and 10-200 μmol L-1). ZrO2@ZiF-90 nanozyme accomplished to the degrada.ion and electrochemical detection of MP in river water and spiked fruits. This study identifies a promising new strategy for the design of bifunctional nanozymes for the detection of environmental hazards.

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A machine vision-intelligent modelling based technique for in-line bell pepper sorting

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informa.ion Processing in Agriculture 2023年第4期10卷 491-503页

作者： Khaled Mohi-Alden mahmoud Omid mahmoud Solta.i Firouz a.in Na.iri Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of TehranIran Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA

The uniformity of appearance attributes of bell peppers is significant for consumers and food *** automate the sorting process of bell peppers and improve the packa.ing qua.ity of this crop by detecting and separa.ing the not likable low-color bell peppers,developing an appropriate sorting system would be of high importance and *** to standards and export needs,the bell pepper should be graded based on maturity levels and size to five *** research has been aimed to develop a machine vision-based system equipped with an intelligent modelling approach for in-line sorting bell peppers into desirable and undesirable samples,with the a.ility to predict the maturity level and the size of the desirable bell *** perceptron(MLP)artificial neural networks(ANNs)as the nonlinear modelswere designed for that *** modelswere trained and evaluated through five-fold cross-va.ida.ion *** optimum MLP classifier was compared with a linear discriminant analysis(LDA)*** results showed that the MLP outperforms the LDA *** processing time to classify each captured image was estimated as 0.2 s/sample,which is fast enough for in-line ***,the optimum MLP model was integrated with a machine vision-based sorting machine,and the developed system was evaluated in the in-line *** performance parameters,including accuracy,precision,sensitivity,and specificity,were 93.2%,86.4%,84%,and 95.7%,*** total sorting rate of the bell pepper was also measured as approximately 3000 samples/h.

关键词： Bell pepper Sorting image processing Machine vision Multilayer perceptron Linear discriminant analysis

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