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Unveiling the intrinsic properties of single NiZnFeO_x entity for promoting electrocatalytic oxygen evolution

Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 181-186页

作者： Zhihao Gu Jiabo Le Hehe Wei Zehui Sun mahmoud Elsayed Hafez Wei Ma Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterFrontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceBeni-Suef UniversityBeni-Suef 62511Egypt

Although considerable research efforts have been devoted to the design and development of non-noble electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction(OER), substantial enhancement of OER performance with commercial-scale water electrolysis remains a big challenge. This could result from the difficulties in detecting the intrinsic properties and overlooking the assembly process for electrochemical OER process. Here, we employ a microjet collision method to investigate the intrinsic OER activities of individual NiZnFeO_x entities with and without a moderate magnetic field. Our results demonstrate that single NiZnFeO_x nanoparticles(NPs) show the excellent OER performance with a lowest onset potential(~1.35 V vs. RHE) and a greatest magnetic enhancement(~118%) among bulk materials, single agglomerations and NPs. Furthermore, we explore the utility of theoretical investigation by density functional theory(DFT)calculations for studying OER process on NiZnFeO_x surfaces without and with spin alignment, indicating monodispersed NiZnFeO_xNPs with totally spin alignment facilitates the OER process under the external magnetic field. It is found that the well-dispersion of NiZnFeO_x NPs would increase the electrical conductivity and the surface spin state, resulting in promoting their OER activities. This work provides a test for uncovering the essential roles of NPs assembly to a significant promotion of their magnet-assisted OER.

关键词： Single entity OER Magnetic enhancement Electrocatalysis Well-dispersion

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Enhancing fault-clearing algorithm for renewable-energy-based distribution systems using artificial neural networks

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Clean Energy 2024年第5期8卷 97-116页

作者： Rania G.Mohamed M.A.Ebrahim Shady H.E.abdel Aleem Electrical Engineering Department Institute of Aviation Engineering and TechnologyGiza12658Egypt Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering at ShoubraBenha UniversityCairo11629Egypt

Integrating small and large-scale photovoltaic(PV)solar systems into electrical distribution systems has become mandatory due to increased electricity bills and the concern for limiting greenhouse ***,the reliable and efficient operation of PV-based distribution systems can be confronted by the intermittence and high variability of solar sources and their consequential *** this regard,this article suggests a moderated fault-clearing strategy based on the incremental conductance–maximum power point tracking(IC–MPPT)technique and artificial neural networks(ANNs)to enhance fault detection,localization,and restoration pro-cesses in PV-based distribution *** proposed strategy leverages IC–MPPT to ensure optimal power generation from the PV solar system,even in the presence of *** tracking the maximum power point,the algorithm maintains the performance of the system and mitigates against the impact of faults on the output ***,an ANN is employed to improve fault detec-tion and localization *** developed ANN-based moderated fault-clearing strategy is trained using historical data and fault scenarios,enabling it to recognize fault patterns and make informed decisions through extensive simulations and comparisons with traditional fault-clearing *** accomplish this study,benchmarks in PV-based distribution systems are constructed and em-ployed using the MATLAB®/Simulink®software ***,to validate the efficacy of the developed ANN-based moderated fault-clearing strategy,a real case study of a 1-MW PV-based distribution system in an industrial field located in Giza governorate,Egypt,is tested and *** obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the IC–MPPT and ANN-based moderated fault-clearing strategy in achieving faster fault detection,precise fault localization,and efficient restoration in PV solar-based dis-tribution systems while preserving maximum power extraction under small and larg

关键词： photovoltaic solar systems fault-clearing algorithm incremental conductance renewable energy artificial neural network maximum power point tracking

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Assessment of thermal comfort in the traditional and contemporary houses in Byblos:A comparative study

Energy and Built Environment

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Energy and Built Environment 2024年第6期5卷 933-945页

作者： Amal Chkeir Youcef Bouzidi Zoubayre El Akili mahmoud Charafeddine Zeinab Kashmar Interdisciplinary Research on Society-Technology-Environment Interactions(Insyte) University of Technology of TroyesFrance ATEC Old Street of Saida ChiyahBeyrouthLebanon Line&Design Pty Ltd Australia

This paper presents a comparative study on the thermal comfort of traditional and contemporary houses in Byblos,*** climate change affecting indoor environments and potentially leading to increased energy consumption,achieving optimal thermal comfort is a crucial issue for building *** study analyzes several environmental parameters and conducts an occupancy survey to assess thermal comfort in both types of *** questionnaire used in the survey consists of 46 questions divided into three parts:“Who are you?”,“The environment of your house?”,and“Architectural characteristics of the house.”The results show that traditional houses perform better than contemporary ones in terms of thermal comfort,due to their use of natural and passive ***,both types of houses have room for improvement in terms of energy *** study provides insights into potential solutions for improving indoor thermal comfort while reducing energy consumption in traditional and contemporary houses.

关键词： Thermal comfort Building Indoor environment Traditional houses Contemporary houses

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Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists as a possible intervention to delay the onset of type 1 diabetes:A new horizon

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第2期15卷 133-136页

作者： mahmoud Nassar Ajay Chaudhuri Husam Ghanim Paresh Dandona Department of Internal Medicine Division of EndocrinologyDiabetes and MetabolismJacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of BuffaloBuffaloNY 14221United States

Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is a chronic autoimmune condition that destroys insulinproducing beta cells in the pancreas,leading to insulin deficiency and *** management of T1D primarily focuses on exogenous insulin replacement to control blood glucose ***,this approach does not address the underlying autoimmune process or prevent the progressive loss of beta *** research has explored the potential of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)as a novel intervention to modify the disease course and delay the onset of ***-1RAs are medications initially developed for treating type 2 *** exert their effects by enhancing glucose-dependent insulin secretion,suppressing glucagon secretion,and slowing gastric *** evidence suggests that GLP-1RAs may also benefit the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with *** article aims to highlight the potential of GLP-1RAs as an intervention to delay the onset of T1D,possibly through their potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects and preservation of *** article aims to explore the potential of shifting the paradigm of T1D management from reactive insulin replacement to proactive disease modification,which should open new avenues for preventing and treating T1D,improving the quality of life and long-term outcomes for individuals at risk of T1D.

关键词： Type 1 diabetes Semaglutide Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists Insulin therapy Autoimmune response Blood glucose monitoring Β-cell preservation Early screening Teplizumab Randomized controlled trials

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Applications of artificial intelligence in geothermal resource exploration: A review

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Deep Underground Science and Engineering 2024年第3期3卷 269-285页

作者： mahmoud AlGaiar Mamdud Hossain Andrei Petrovski Aref Lashin Nadimul Faisal School of Engineering Robert Gordon UniversityAberdeenUK National Subsea Centre AberdeenUK Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become increasingly important in geothermal exploration,significantly improving the efficiency of resource *** review examines current AI applications,focusing on the algorithms used,the challenges addressed,and the opportunities *** addition,the review highlights the growth of machine learning applications in geothermal exploration over the past decade,demonstrating how AI has improved the analysis of subsurface data to identify potential *** techniques such as neural networks,support vector machines,and decision trees are used to estimate subsurface temperatures,predict rock and fluid properties,and identify optimal drilling *** particular,neural networks are the most widely used technique,further contributing to improved exploration ***,the widespread adoption of AI in geothermal exploration is hindered by challenges,such as data accessibility,data quality,and the need for tailored data science training for industry ***,the review emphasizes the importance of data engineering methodologies,data scaling,and standardization to enable the development of accurate and generalizable AI models for geothermal *** is concluded that the integration of AI into geothermal exploration holds great promise for accelerating the development of geothermal energy *** effectively addressing key challenges and leveraging AI technologies,the geothermal industry can unlock cost‐effective and sustainable power generation opportunities.

关键词： artificial intelligence geothermal energy geothermal exploration geothermometry hidden/blind geothermal resources machine learning

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The nature and movement of thrusts in the eastern Iranian orogen:Sechengi Area on the northern border of Lut and Sistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第9期21卷 3157-3171页

作者： Shahriar KESHTGAR mahmoud Reza HEYHAT Sasan BAGHERI Ebrahim GHOLAMI Seyed Naser RAISOSSADAT Department of Geology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of BirjandBirjand ***Iran Department of Geology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Sistan and BaluchestanZahedan 98167-45845Iran

The eastern Iranian range,known as the Sistan suture zone in the past,has recently been identified as the Sistan *** Paleogene orogeny is located between the Lut and Afghan *** structural analysis shows that most of the thrusts dip towards the NW so that the Permo-Triassic sediments and Jurassic micro-diorites of the Lut Block overthrusted over the younger *** studies show that the tectonic vergence was from the NW to the SE of the Sechengi area in the NW part of Sistan *** recognized three deformation phases in eastern *** first N-S deformation event(D1)resulted in the formation of tight E-W folds(F1)and associated cleavages(S1).The second E-W deformation event(D2),which occurred in the late Paleogene led to the bending of older structures,including the axial plane of the first-generation folds giving them a new northwest direction(F2).Additionally,the ramp of the first-phase thrusts(striking E-W)was reactivated,acquiring a new NNW orientation and exhibiting SSE tectonic *** third deformation event(D3)resulted in the formation of NNE and WNW conjugate faults in eastern *** consecutive deformation events perpendicular to each other are inconsistent with the models of simple linear orogen presented for eastern Iran(*** of eastern Iran continental crust and subsequence linear collision)and seem more consistent with the buckling orogeny(Orocline).

关键词： Thrust Tectonic vergence Orocline Buckling Sechengi Eastern Iranian ranges.

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Explainable Conformer Network for Detection of COVID-19 Pneumonia from Chest CT Scan: From Concepts toward Clinical Explainability

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1171-1187页

作者： Mohamed abdel-Basset Hossam Hawash Mohamed Abouhawwash S.S.Askar Alshaimaa A.Tantawy Faculty of Computers and Informatics Zagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt Department of Computational Mathematics Scienceand Engineering(CMSE)Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Department of Statistics and Operations Research College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh11451Saudi Arabia

The early implementation of treatment therapies necessitates the swift and precise identification of COVID-19 pneumonia by the analysis of chest CT *** study aims to investigate the indispensable need for precise and interpretable diagnostic tools for improving clinical decision-making for COVID-19 *** paper proposes a novel deep learning approach,called Conformer Network,for explainable discrimination of viral pneumonia depending on the lung Region of Infections(ROI)within a single modality radiographic CT ***,an efficient U-shaped transformer network is integrated for lung image ***,a robust transfer learning technique is introduced to design a robust feature extractor based on pre-trained lightweight Big Transfer(BiT-L)and finetuned on medical data to effectively learn the patterns of infection in the input ***,this work presents a visual explanation method to guarantee clinical explainability for decisions made by Conformer *** evaluation of real-world CT data demonstrated that the diagnostic accuracy of ourmodel outperforms cutting-edge studies with statistical *** Conformer Network achieves 97.40% of detection accuracy under cross-validation *** model not only achieves high sensitivity and specificity but also affords visualizations of salient features contributing to each classification decision,enhancing the overall transparency and trustworthiness of our *** findings provide obvious implications for the ability of our model to empower clinical staff by generating transparent intuitions about the features driving diagnostic decisions.

关键词： Deep learning COVID-19 multi-modal medical image fusion diagnostic image fusion

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Unraveling the nature of sensing in electrostatic MEMS gas sensors

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 109-117页

作者： Yasser S.Shama Sasan Rahmanian Hamza Mouharrar Rana abdelrahman Alaaeldin Elhady Eihab M.abdel-Rahman Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo200 University Ave WWaterloo N2L 3G1 ONCanada Mechanical Engineering Benha Faculty of EngineeringBenha UniversityBenha 13511Egypt

This paper investigates the fundamental sensing mechanism of electrostatic MEMS gas *** compares among the responsivities of a set of MEMS isopropanol sensors before and after functionalization,and in the presence and absence of electrostatic fields when operated in static and dynamic detection *** the static mode,we found that the sensors do not exhibit a measurable change in displacement due to added *** the other hand,bare sensors showed a clear change in displacement in response to isopropanol *** the dynamic mode,functionalized sensors showed a measurable frequency shift due to the added mass of isopropanol *** the presence of strong electrostatic fields,the measured frequency shift was found to be threefold larger than that in their absence in response to the same concentration of isopropanol *** enhanced responsivity of dynamic detection allows the sensors to measure the vapor mass captured by the functional material,which is not the case for static *** detection of isopropanol by bare sensors in static mode shows that change in the medium permittivity is the primary sensing *** enhanced responsivity of dynamic mode sensors when operated in strong electrostatic fields shows that their sensing mechanism is a combination of a weaker added mass effect and a stronger permittivity *** findings show that electrostatic MEMS gas sensors are independent of the direction of the gravitational field and are,thus,robust to changes in *** is erroneous to refer to them as‘gravimetric’sensors.

关键词： mechanism electrostatic measurable

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Bioresorbable stent unloading during percutaneous coronary intervention:Early detection and management

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第10期16卷 616-618页

作者： Nabil Eid Mohamed abdel Wahab Amardev Singh Thanu Department of Anatomy Division of Human BiologySchool of MedicineIMU UniversityKuala Lumpur 57000Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Pediatrics School of MedicineIMU UniversityClinical CampusBatu Paha 83000JohorMalaysia M.Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University Tunku Abdul RahmanKajang 43000SelangorMalaysia

In this letter,we comment on a recent case report by Sun et al in the World Journal of *** report describes the successful management of a rare complication:The unloading or detachment of a bioresorbable stent(BRS)during percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)in a male *** unloading of BRS was detected via angiography and intravascular ultrasound(IVUS)imaging of the left coronary artery and left anterior descending *** this case is interesting,the authors’report lacked crucial ***,insufficient information about the type of BRS used,potential causes of BRS unloading,or whether optical coherence tomography(OCT)imaging for coronary arteries was performed before,during,or after *** OCT imaging of coronary arteries before PCI can potentially prevent BRS unloading due to its higher resolution compared to *** addition,despite detecting myocardial bridging during the PCI,the authors did not provide any details regarding this *** we discuss the various types of BRS,the importance of OCT in PCI,and the clinical relevance of myocardial bridging.

关键词： Coronary artery diseases Percutaneous coronary intervention Optical coherence tomography Bioresorbable/Biodegradable stents Stent unloading/detachment Myocardial bridge Intravascular ultrasound Coronary angiography

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Understanding Osteoporosis: Pathophysiology, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Management

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Advances in Aging Research 2024年第3期13卷 25-40页

作者： mahmoud Ismail Division of Geriatrics University at Buffalo Buffalo NY USA

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and deterioration of bone architecture, resulting in reduced bone strength and, consequently, increased susceptibility to fractures which poses a significant public health concern worldwide, particularly in aging populations [1]. The health-economic impact of vertebral and hip fractures has been extensively explored and it is well known that these fractures are associated with morbidity/disability and increased mortality;they also account for a substantial portion of the direct fracture costs. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of osteoporosis, including its pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies. By elucidating the multifaceted nature of this condition, healthcare providers can better identify individuals at risk, implement preventive measures, and optimize treatment to reduce the burden of osteoporotic fractures.

关键词： Osteoporosis Bone Mineral Density Fractures Risk Factors Diagnosis Management FRAX (Fracture Risk Assessment Tool) Trabecular Bone Score (TBS)

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