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Differential effects of short term winter thermal stress on diapausing tiger swallowtail butterflies （Papilio spp.）

Insect Science 2012年第3期19卷 277-285页

作者： J. Mark Scriber Emily maher Matthew L. Aardema Department of Entomology Michigan State University East Lansing MI McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Gainesville FL Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Princeton University Princeton N J USA

It is generally thought that insects inhabiting lower latitudes are more severely impacted by changes in their thermal environment than are high latitude species. This is attributed to the wider range of temperatures to which high-latitude species are exposed. By contrast, low-latitude species have typically evolved in more thermally stable environments with a narrower range of temperature variation. However, deviation from this pattern can occur and here we report that under variable winter conditions a higher latitude species may be more sensitive to thermal variation than its lower latitude sister species. Using split broods, we examined the survival and adult emergence success of diapausing pupae of Papilio canadensis and P. glaucus, as well as a unique, recombinant hybrid population （＂late-flight＂） to short periods of mid-winter cold and heat stress. Our results indicate that the higher latitude, univoltine populations （P. canadensis and late-flights） exhibit lower pupal survival than the lower latitude, facultative diapauser （P. glaucus） for all mid-winter thermal stress treatments, both high and low. Size differences alone do not appear to account for the observed differences in survival or metabolic costs in these three pheno- types, as late-flight individuals are similar in size to R glaucus. We attribute the observed differences in survival and weight loss to potential metabolic differences and variation in the intensity of diapause, in addition to divergent adaptation to winter precipitation levels （e.g. snow cover） and the influences this may have on microhabitat temperature moderation.

关键词： climate change developmental threshold incipient hybrid species metabolic cost Papilionidae post-diapause delays thermal stress

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Techno-economic analysis of the Li-ion batteries and reversible fuel cells as energy-storage systems used in green and energy-efficient buildings

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Clean Energy 2021年第2期5卷 273-287页

作者： Ahmad Mayyas Assia AChadly Iman Khaleel maher Maalouf Khalifa University of Science and Technology Abu DhabiUAE

Green buildings have become broadly adopted in commercial and residential sectors with the objective of minimizing environmental impacts through reductions in energy usage and water usage and,to a lesser extent,minimizing environmental disturbances from the building *** this paper,we develop and discuss a techno-economic model for a green commercial building that is 100%powered by a photovoltaic(PV)system in stand-alone configuration.A medium-sized office building in El Paso,TX was modelled to rely on a photovoltaic system to supply all of its electricity needs either directly from the PV system or through an energy-storage system(ESS)using Li-ion batteries(LIBs)or reversible fuel cells(RFCs).Cost results show that a 400-kW PV system can generate electricity at a cost of 2.21 cents/kWh in El Paso,TX and the average levelized cost of energy storage(LCOS)using 450-kW RFC is~31.3 cents/kWh,while this could reach as low as 25.5 cents/kWh using a small LIB *** the RFC provides the flexibility required to meet building-energy demand,LIBs may not be able to meet building needs unless the storage size is increased substantially,which in turn incurs more energy-storage cost,making LIBs less favourable from an economic *** analysis revealed that capital cost,discount rate and expected system lifetime play key roles in shaping the LCOS in both systems.

关键词： green-building energy-storage systems fuel cell hydrogen Li-ion batteries reversible fuel cells

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Optimization study of a PEM fuel cell performance using 3D multi-phase computational fluid dynamics model

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第2期8卷 285-300页

作者： AL-BAGHDADI maher A.R. Sadiq AL-JANABI Haroun A.K.Shahad Department of Mechanical Engineering International Technological University

An optimization study using a comprehensive 3D, multi-phase, non-isothermal model of a PEM （proton exchange membrane） fuel cell that incorporates significant physical processes and key parameters affecting fuel cell performance is presented and discussed in detail. The model accounts for both gas and liquid phase in the same computational domain, and thus allows for the implementation of phase change inside the gas diffusion layers. The model includes the transport of gaseous species, liquid water, protons, energy, and water dissolved in the ion-conducting polymer. Water is assumed to be exchanged among three phases： liquid, vapottr, and dissolved, with equilibrium among these phases being assumed. This model also takes into account convection and diffusion of different species in the channels as well as in the porous gas diffusion layer, heat transfer in the solids as well as in the gases, and electrochemical reactions. The results showed that the present multi-phase model is capable of identifying important parameters for the wetting behaviour of the gas diffusion layers and can be used to identify conditions that might lead to the onset of pore plugging, which has a detrimental effect on the fuel cell performance. This model is used to study the effects of several operating, design, and material parameters on fuel cell performance. Detailed analyses of the fuel cell performance under various operating conditions have been conducted and examined.

关键词： Optimization PEM fuel cell Multi-phase Water transport CFD (computational fluid dynamics)

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Dissolved gas analysis and dissipation factor measurement of mineral oil-based nanofluids under thermal and electrical faults

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High Voltage 2023年第3期8卷 455-465页

作者： Ahmed maher Diaa-Eldin A.Mansour Khaled Helal Ramadan A.A.Abd El Aal Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringPort-Said UniversityPort-SaidEgypt Department of Electrical Power Engineering Faculty of EngineeringEgypt-Japan University of Science and Technology(E-JUST)New Borg El-Arab CityAlexandriaEgypt Department of Electrical Power and Machines Engineering Faculty of EngineeringTanta UniversityTantaEgypt

Mineral oil is the most frequent insulating liquid used in oil-immersed transformers for electrical insulation and heat ***,oil-based nanofluids are becoming more popular in scientific research as they have proved to have better dielectric and thermal *** applying these nanofluids into actual transformers,they would be exposed to thermal and electrical ***,The aim of the authors is to investigate the generation pattern of dissolved gases in nanofluids under thermal and electrical faults and to assess the applicability of traditional Dissolved Gas Analysis(DGA)techniques if oil-based nanofluids are used in ***-based nanofluid samples were prepared using a magnetic stirrer and an ultrasonic homogeniser and then subjected to simulated thermal and electrical faults in the laboratory using properly sealed test *** types of metal oxides,Silicon dioxide,Titanium dioxide,and Aluminium oxide nanoparticles,have been used to prepare nanofluids with 0.02 g/L and 0.04 g/L *** gases released and dissolved into oil due to the simulated faults were analysed and compared to traditional mineral oil as a *** dielectric dissipation factor was obtained and analysed for all *** to the findings,the presence and concentration of nanoparticles were shown to influence the amount of gases *** a result,this research is crucial in guaranteeing that traditional DGA techniques can be employed in transformers that use oil-based nanofluids.

关键词： electrical thermal dioxide

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Phenology of desert plants from an arid gravel plain in eastern United Arab Emirates

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Journal of Arid Land 2015年第1期7卷 54-62页

作者： Sabitha SAKKIR Junid N SHAH Abdul J CHERUTH maher KABSHAWI Terrestrial and Marine Biodiversity Sector Wildlife Assessment and Conservation Environment Agency–Abu Dhabi Department of Aridland Agriculture College of Food and Agriculture United Arab Emirates University

Phenological events for desert plants were recorded and rainfall and temperature data were gathered over a three-year time scale at a gravel plain in the eastern region of the United Arab Emirates. Variations of phenological periods were analyzed and correlations between phenological periods and climate factors were discussed. The study showed that the growth and flowering of therophytes were significantly correlated with air tem- perature. The timing and abundance of rainfall came to be another factor significantly correlated with the onset and duration of chamaephyte flowering as well as the duration of therophyte growth and flowering. The variation in rainfall did not affect the onset of flowering in phanerophytes. Peak growing seasons were from November to March and flowering from November to December （also February to March depending on the availability of rainfall）. Flowering in phanerophytes and chamaephytes occurs 4-6 weeks and in therophytes 4-8 weeks after rain, The results showed that variations in growth and phenology between species were correlated with environmental factors, such as temperature and rainfall or, maybe, differences in life form and photosynthetic pathways, each being adapted for utilizing a particular phase of the seasonally and yearly variable rainfall. The sequence of flowering for the species under study was more or less constant despite the difference in the amount of rainfall. The fruiting patterns of most of the species were also found parallel to their flowering patterns. Our results emphasized the need to study multiple species at many sites for the understanding and forecast of regional changes in phenology.

关键词： desert plants phenology temperature rainfall United Arab Emirates

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Associations between meeting 24-hour movement guidelines and academic achievement in Australian primary school-aged children

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第4期11卷 521-529页

作者： Amanda Watson Dorothea Dumuid Carol maher Tim Olds Alliance for Research in Exercise Nutrition and Activity(ARENA)Allied Health and Human PerformanceUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideSA5001Australia

Background:Few studies have investigated associations between academic achievement and meeting recommendations from the 24-hour(24-h)movement *** specific guidelines associated with the most benefit academic achievement are *** both self-report and objective movement data,this study examined associations between academic achievement and meeting individual recommendations and combinations of recommendations from the 24-h movement guidelines(sleep,physical activity,and screen time).Methods:Data from CheckPoint,a cross-sectional study nested between Waves 6 and 7 of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children,were *** behaviors were measured using 24-h wrist-worn accelerometry(GENEActiv(Activinsights,Kimbolton,UK))and were selfreported by children using the Multimedia Activity Recall for Children and *** achievement was measured using a nationally administered standardized test in literacy and *** of covariance,with t tests with sequential Bonferroni adjustments,was used to compare academic achievement with all possible combinations of meeting recommendations,adjusting for demographic *** models were considered:guideline compliance assessed by self-report(n=1270,mean age=11.99 years,52%males)and by accelerometry(for moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity(MVPA)and sleep))and self-report(screen time)in combination(n=927,mean age=11.97 years,52%males).Results:Literacy achievement significantly differed based on self-report(F_((7,1258))=3.08,p=0.003)and accelerometer derived(F_((7,915))=2.40,p=0.02)guideline *** achievement significantly differed based on self-report(F_((7,1258))=2.92,p=0.005)but not accelerometer derived guideline compliance(F_((7,915))=0.80,p=0.58).When assessed by self-report,children who met all guidelines(t_((334))=-4.05,p=0.0001)or met the screen time and sleep guidelines in combination(t_((125))=-5.02,p<0.001)had superior literacy ***

关键词： Academic achievement Physical activity Sedentary behavior Sleep

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Benefiting others and self: Production of vitamins in plants

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第1期63卷 210-227页

作者： Yufei Li Chenkun Yang Hasan Ahmad Mohamed maher Chuanying Fang Jie Luo National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research(Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China College of Tropical Crops Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China

Vitamins maintain growth and development in humans, animals, and plants. Because plants serve as essential producers of vitamins, increasing the vitamin contents in plants has become a goal of crop breeding worldwide. Here, we begin with a summary of the functions of vitamins. We then review the achievements to date in elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying how vitamins are synthesized, transported, and regulated in plants. We also stress the exploration of variation in vitamins by the use of forward genetic approaches, such as quantitative trait locus mapping and genome-wide association studies. Overall, we conclude that exploring the diversity of vitamins could provide new insights into plant metabolism and crop breeding.

关键词： crop breeding forward genetic plants vitamins

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Impact of sustainability on financial distress in the air transport industry:the moderating effect of Asia–Pacific

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Financial Innovation 2023年第1期9卷 2802-2824页

作者： Yin Shi Xiaoni Li maher Asal Department of Business and Management Campus BellissensEconomics and Management FacultyUniversitat Rovira I VirgiliAvinguda Universitat143204 ReusSpain Division of Real Estate Economics and SocietySchool of BusinessEconomics and ITUniversity WestTrollhättanSweden

The tremendous impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the global aviation industry has led to many cases of airline financial distress and *** Asia–Pacific region(APAC)contains more than half of the world’s population,and its airlines had the highest profit margin of any *** this study,we investigate whether corporate sustainability practice can reduce the financial distress risk of air carriers,and,if so,what would the effect be in APAC?We first examine the relationship between environmental,social,and governance disclosure and the likelihood of financial distress of airlines as measured by the Altman Z″-***,we analyze the moderating role of being an APAC airline in this *** findings support the claim that implementing environmental actions may increase financial distress risk,and by improving social and governance activities,airlines can mitigate the risk of financial *** negative influence of the environmental pillar and the positive influence of the social pillar can be smaller for APAC *** study provides empirical evidence of the influence of environmental,social,and governance(ESG)on the likelihood of financial distress in the airline ***,we analyze the moderating role of being an APAC airline in the relationship between sustainability and financial *** study has significant implications for executives,managers,and policymakers in the aviation industry on ESG strategy decisions and the general issue of sustainability.

关键词： Altman Z-score Airline industry Environmental social and governance(ESG)score Corporate social responsibility(CSR) Financial distress Sustainability

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EmotionMap:Visual Analysis of Video Emotional Content on a Map

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2020年第3期35卷 576-591页

作者： Cui-Xia Ma Jian-Cheng Song Qian Zhu Kevin maher Ze-Yuan Huang Hong-An Wang State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Beijing Key Laboratory of Human-Computer Interaction Institute of Software Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190China Academy of Arts and Design Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Emotion plays a crucial role in gratifying users’needs during their experience of movies and TV series,and may be underutilized as a framework for exploring video content and *** this paper,we present EmotionMap,a novel way of presenting emotion for daily users in 2D geography,fusing spatio-temporal information with emotional *** interface is composed of novel visualization elements interconnected to facilitate video content exploration,understanding,and *** allows understanding of the overall emotion at a glance while also giving a rapid understanding of the ***,we develop EmotionDisc which is an effective tool for collecting audiences’emotion based on emotion representation *** collect audience and character emotional data,and then integrate the metaphor of a map to visualize video content and emotion in a hierarchical *** combines sketch interaction,providing a natural approach for users’active *** novelty and the effectiveness of EmotionMap have been demonstrated by the user study and experts’feedback.

关键词： video visualization emotion analysis visual analysis sketch interaction

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IN PRAISE OF SHARING AS A STRATEGY FOR SUSTAINABLE HOUSING

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Journal of Green Building 2010年第1期5卷 155-163页

作者： Jacqueline McIntosh John Gray Sasha maher Faculty of Architecture and Design Victoria University of Wellington Victoria University of Wellington University of Auckland

A central theoretical principle of sustainability is the interdependence of economic,socio-cultural,environmental,and equity *** core idea is that sustainability is achieved only by balancing these *** practice,however,this balance is rarely evidenced in the design and production of housing,despite the mass of research into sustainable *** paper discusses some of the political,economic and socio-cultural issues at work in sustainable housing *** illustrates how the notion of sustainability has come to be represented by ecologically-focused models,while other approaches to sustainable housing design,such as shared housing models,are barely mentioned in the *** paper argues that modernist imperatives,such as demands for speed and status undermine sustainable housing design and obscure its *** authors suggest that in the planning and design of sustainable housing attention should be given to the sharing of resources and space as an added method of conservation,and conclude that current imbalances in research agendas and socio-cultural practices create a blind spot in the sustainable housing debate.

关键词： conjoined housing shared housing sustainable housing Pacific island housing

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