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Management of postoperative spinal infections

World Journal of Orthopedics 2012年第11期3卷 182-189页

作者： Vishal hegde Dennis S Meredith Christopher K Kepler russel C Huang Department of Orthopedic Surgery Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNY 10021United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Spine and Scoliosis ServiceHospital for Special SurgeryWeill Cornell Medical CenterNew YorkNY 10021United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Rothman InstituteThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19107United States

Postoperative surgical site infection(SSI) is a common complication after posterior lumbar spine surgery. This review details an approach to the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of SSIs. Factors contributing to the development of a SSI can be split into three categories:(1) microbiological factors;(2) factors related to the patient and their spinal pathology; and(3) factors relating to the surgical procedure. SSI is most commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The virulence of the organism causing the SSI can affect its presentation. SSI can be prevented by careful adherence to aseptic technique,prophylactic antibiotics,avoiding myonecrosis by frequently releasing retractors and preoperatively optimizing modifiable patient factors. Increasing pain is commonly the only symptom of a SSI and can lead to a delay in diagnosis. C-reactive protein and magnetic resonance imaging can help establish the diagnosis. Treatment requires acquiring intra-operative cultures to guide future antibiotic therapy and surgical debridement of all necrotic tissue. A SSI can usually be adequately treated without removing spinalinstrumentation. A multidisciplinary approach to SSIs is important. It is useful to involve an infectious disease specialist and use minimum serial bactericidal titers to enhance the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy. A plastic surgeon should also be involved in those cases of severe infection that require repeat debridement and delayed closure.

关键词： Surgical site infection Spine surgery Discitis Postoperative infection

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Complexity analysis and dynamic characteristics of EEG using MODWT based entropies for identification of seizure onset

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The Journal of Biomedical research 2020年第3期34卷 213-227页

作者： Shivarudhrappa raghu Natarajan Sriraam Yasin Temel Shyam Vasudeva rao Alangar Sathyaranjan hegde Pieter L Kubben Department of Neurosurgery School for Mental Health and Neuroscience of the Faculty of HealthMedicine and Life SciencesMaastricht UniversityMaastricht 6200 MDthe Netherlands Center for Medical Electronics and Computing M.S.Ramaiah Institute of TechnologyBengaluruKarnataka 560054India Department of Neurosurgery Maastricht University Medical Center Department of Neurosurgery Maastricht UniversityMaastricht 6200 MDthe Netherlands Institute of Neuroscience Ramaiah Medical College and HospitalsBengaluruKarnataka 560054India

In this paper,complexity analysis and dynamic characteristics of electroencephalogram(EEG) signal based on maximal overlap discrete wavelet transform(MODWT) has been exploited for the identification of seizure *** wavelet-based studies were well suited for classification of normal and epileptic seizure EEG,we have applied MODWT which is an improved version of discrete wavelet transform(DWT).The selection of optimal wavelet sub-band and features plays a crucial role to understand the brain dynamics in epileptic ***,we have investigated MODWT using four different wavelets,namely Haar,Coif4,Dmey,and Sym4 sub-bands until seven ***,we have explored the potentials of six entropies,namely sigmoid,Shannon,wavelet,renyi,Tsallis,and Steins unbiased risk estimator(SUrE) entropies in each *** sigmoid entropy extracted from Haar wavelet in sub-band D4 showed the highest accuracy of 98.44% using support vector machine classifier for the EEG collected from ramaiah Medical College and Hospitals(rMCH).Further,the highest accuracy of 100% and 94.51% was achieved for the University of Bonn(UBonn) and CHB-MIT databases *** findings of the study showed that Haar and Dmey wavelets were found to be computationally economical and expensive ***,in terms of dynamic characteristics,MODWT results revealed that the highest energy present in sub-bands D2,D3,and D4 and entropies in those respective sub-bands outperformed other entropies in terms of classification results for rMCH ***,using all the entropies,sub-bands D5 and D6 outperformed other sub-bands for UBonn and CHB-MIT databases *** conclusion,the comparison results of MODWT outperformed DWT.

关键词： electroencephalogram epileptic seizures entropy maximal overlap discrete wavelet transform sigmoid entropy support vector machine

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Mixed epithelial and stromal tumour with extension to vesicoureteric junction

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Asian Journal of Urology 2019年第3期6卷 302-304页

作者： Arun ramdas Menon T.P.rajeev Nivedita Suresh Suraj hegde Department of Urology K.S.Hegde Medical AcademyMangaloreIndia Department of Pathology K.S.Hegde Medical AcademyMangaloreIndia

Mixed epithelial and stromal tumour(MEST)is an uncommon renal tumour with a tendency to protrude into the collecting *** present a 50-year-old woman with a renal tumour extending up to the vesicoureteric junction(VUJ)who was suspected to have an upper tract transitional cell carcinoma for which a nephroureterectomy was *** examination revealed a MEST arising from the kidney and extending up to the *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first report of a renal MEST with extension to the VUJ.

关键词： Mixed epithelial and stromal tumour renal cell carcinoma renal tumour Upper tract transitional cell carcinoma Vesicoureteric junction

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Successful endoscopic treatment of an intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2017年第5期9卷 238-242页

作者： Nikola S Natov Laura C Horton Sanjay r.hegde the Gastroenterology/Hepatology Division Tufts Medical Center Department of Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital

We present a case of a 76-year-old man with right upper quadrant abdominal pain and weight loss,who was found to have an intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct(IPNB)of the pancreaticobiliary subtype,deemed curatively *** patient declined surgery and opted for endoscopic *** underwent two sessions of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ErCP)-guided radiofrequency ablation(rFA).Ten months later,no evidence of recurrence was identified on repeat *** our knowledge,this is the first reported case of successful use of rFA as a primary treatment modality for resectable IPNB.

关键词： Bile duct neoplasms Ablation technique Common bile duct diseases Extrahepatic bile duct Advanced endoscopy

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A diagnostic challenge: Eosinophilic cystitis masquerading as bladder cancer with seminal vesicle invasion

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第4期11卷 669-670页

作者： Anshuman Singh Kasi Viswanath Gali Vivek Pai Padmaraj hegde Department of Urology Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal(KA)India

Dear Editor,In this letter,we describe a rare presentation of pseudotumoural eosinophilic cystitis(EC)that mimicked a bladder tumor infiltrating into the left seminal *** objective was to raise awareness of the rare presentation of EC where it can extend beyond the confines of bladder *** report also highlights the importance of considering EC in the differential diagnosis of bladder tumors,especially in patients with a history of allergies,autoimmune disorders,or infections,even if the preoperative imaging is strongly suggestive of *** patient understood and agreed to each treatment *** consent was also obtained for the publication.

关键词： bladder invasion diagnosis

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Temperature and pH Dependent Deactivation of Cutinases from <i>Thermobifida fusca</i>: A Comparative Study of Homologous Enzymes

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Modern research in Catalysis 2014年第4期3卷 128-135页

作者： Krishnamoorthy hegde Venkata Dasu Veeranki Biochemical Engineering Laboratory Department of Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati India

Thermostability of two homologous cutinases, Cut1 and Cut2 from Thermobifida fusca NrrL B-8184 was inves-tigated at combination of different pH and temperature in the range of pH 6 - 9 and temperature 45℃ - 80℃, re-spectively. The deactivation rate constants, the half-life and thermodynamic parameters, viz., △H*, △S*, △G* and activation energy kinetics of inactivation of the cutinases were assessed at different combinations of pH and temperature and compared. The optimal pH and temperature for the least degree of deactivation for Cut1 and Cut2 were found to be 8℃ and 45℃, respectively. The deactivation process was found to be faster at pH 6 and 9, with minimum deactivation at pH 8 for both the cutinases. It was found that △S* values are negative for both the enzymes and △H* value of Cut2 was 1.5 fold higher than that of Cut1 in the range of pH studied. Cut2 was found to be thermodynamically more stable with 1.7 fold higher deactivation energy at pH 6 and 7 and 1.4 fold higher deactivation energy at pH 8 and 9 in comparison to Cut1.

关键词： Cutinase Thermal Deactivation Thermostability Thermodynamics

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COrBA Architecture for the Integration of Add-on Software in Automotive Systems

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通讯和计算机（中英文版） 2010年第10期7卷 45-51页

作者： rajeshwari hegde Kargal Satyanarayana Gurumurthy Dept of Telecommunication Engineering BMS College of Engineering Bangalore 560019 India Dept of Electronics ＆ Communication University Visvesvaraya College of Engg Bangalore 560001 India

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Promotion of Underutilised Crops for Income Generation and Environmental Sustainability

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 2010年第6期4卷 45-52页

作者： N. G. hegde BAIF Development research Foundation Warje Pune 411 058 India

Over 30% rural families in India live in poverty due to small holdings and low soil productivity. As many underutilised tree species are tolerant to harsh agro-climatic conditions, BAIF promoted agri-horti-forestry on degraded lands inhabited by tribals. Traditionally dependent on non-timber forest products, they selected tamarind （Tamarindus indica）, jackfruit （Artocarpus heterophyllus）, Indian gooseberry （Emblica officinalis） and ber （Zizyphus mauritiana）, apart from mango and cashew for their livelihood. Oilseed trees like neem （Azadirachta indica）, mahua （Madhuca indica） and jatropha （Jatropha curcas） were introduced on field borders, while the interspace was utilised for cultivating food crops. To ensure higher yield and superior quality of the produce, selection of elite germplasm, domestication through standardisation of cultivation practices and facilitation for supply of planting material are essential, apart from increasing the demand by exploring their uses, creating awareness among consumers and establishing a good distribution network, Intercrops like foodgrains, vegetables and medicinal herbs generated additional income and reduced risk in case of failure of underutilised crops. Introduction of underutilised crops on a small scale with local crops and expansion of their cultivation with the demand is recommended.

关键词： Underutilised fruits oilseed trees agri-horti-forestry tribal rehabilitation.

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Biophysical quantification of biodiversity and ecosystems services of forest ecosystems in the Western Ghats: a case study of Uttara Kannada District, India

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Journal of Forestry research 2018年第3期29卷 728-741页

作者： Priya P.Joshi Indu K.Murthy Gurunath T.hegde Vani Sathyanarayan Savithri Bhat Vishal Patil Tashina Esteves N.H.ravindranath Centre for Sustainable Technologies Indian Institute of Science Department of Ecology and Environmental Science Pondicherry University

Biodiversity and ecosystem services play key roles in future economic strategies seeking to promote development and prosperity. This study assesses the status of biodiversity and flow of ecosystem services from selected forest types in the Western Ghats. At the sampling sites, the number of tree species ranged from 16 to 79 per hectare depending on the forest type. The estimates for Shannon–Wiener index for trees in the evergreen, moist deciduous and dry deciduous forest plots were 3.02, 2.9 and 1.54, respectively. The total biomass carbon stocks in evergreen, moist deciduous and dry deciduous forests in the study area was 229, 221 and 189 t C/ha, *** of dependency patterns of local communities on forest resources indicated a high dependency on provisional services such as fuelwood, manure and fodder. The study records the highest dependency rates for fuelwood,ranging between 72 and 100% for the three forest types and indicates that forest ecosystems underpin the well-being of the population dependent directly and indirectly on them.

关键词： Biodiversity assessment Ecosystem services Western Ghats

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Development of Medium and Kinetic Modeling for Enhanced Production of Cutinase from Pseudomonas cepacia NrrL B-2320

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Advances in Microbiology 2013年第6期3卷 479-489页

作者： Kasturi Dutta Veeranki Venkata Dasu Krishnamoorthy hegde Biochemical Engineering Laboratory Department of Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati India

The development of medium for the production of cutinase from Pseudomonas cepacia NrrL B 2320 was carried out using Plackett-Burman experimental design followed by central composite design. The medium components were screened by Plackett-Burman experimental design which suggested that cutin, peptone, KCl and MgSO4·7H2O have influenced the cutinase production significantly with very high confidence levels. The concentration levels of these four components were optimized using 24 full factorial central composite design. An optimum combination of 10.06 g·L-1 of cutin, 17.77 g·L-1 of peptone, 0.635 g·L-1 of KCl and 5.455 g·L-1 of MgSO4·7H2O in the medium gave a maximum cutinase activity of 336 U·mL-1. An overall 2 fold increase in the production of cutinase was observed in the optimized medium. Growth and production of cutinase from P. cepacia NrrL B 2320 have been studied in shake flask and batch bioreactor. Time course of cell growth and enzyme production was fitted to the existing kinetic models reported in the literature to estimate the biokinetic parameters. These models suggested that the production of cutinase is growth associated in shake flask and it is a mixed growth type in a batch bioreactor.

关键词： Cutinase Kinetics Bioprocessing Optimization Parameter Identification

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