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Acclimatization of in Vitro-derived Dendrobium

Horticultural Plant Journal 2017年第3期3卷 110-124页

作者： Jaime A.Teixeira da Silva Mohammad Musharof Hossain madhu Sharma Judit Dobránszki Jean Carlos Cardoso ZENG Songjun Miki-cho post office Department of Botany University of Chittagong Division of Biotechnology CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Research Institute of Nyíregyháza University of Debrecen Centro de Ciências Agrárias UFSCar Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of Sciences

The successful ex vitro establishment of Dendrobium plantlets raised in vitro determines the quality of the end product(cut flowers or potted plants) in commercial production for economic gain. When in vitro Dendrobium plantlets are transplanted from the culture room to greenhouse conditions, they may desiccate or wilt rapidly and can die as a result of changes in the environment, unless substantial precautions are taken to adapt plantlets to a new environment. The acclimatization of in vitro-grown Dendrobium plantlets to an ex vitro environment by gradually weaning them towards ambient relative humidity and light levels facilitates better survival of young and physiologically sensitive *** plantlets raised in vitro must thus undergo a period of acclimatization or transitional development to correct anatomical abnormalities and to enhance their physiological performance to ensure survival under ex vitro conditions. The most common approach to improve the survival of Dendrobium plantlets upon transfer to an ex vitro environment is their gradual adaptation to that environment. Under such conditions, plants convert rapidly from a heterotrophic or photomixotrophic state to an autotrophic growth, develop a fully functional root system,and better control their stomatal and cuticular transpiration. Gradual adaptation is carried out in a greenhouse by decreasing relative humidity using fog or mist chambers and by increasing light intensity using shading techniques. This review details the acclimatization and ex vitro survival of Dendrobium plants produced in vitro. This advice is also useful for other orchids.

关键词： Orchidaceae acclimation hardening autotrophic light intensity medicinal orchid relative humidity

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Current evidence on potential of adipose derived stem cells to enhance bone regeneration and future projection

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2021年第9期13卷 1248-1277页

作者： Quang Le Vedavathi madhu Joseph M Hart Charles R Farber Eli R Zunder Abhijit S Dighe Quanjun Cui Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVA 22908United States Orthopaedic Surgery Research Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19107United States Center for Public Health Genomics University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA 22908United States Departments of Public Health Sciences and Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA 22908United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA 22908United States

Injuries to the postnatal skeleton are naturally repaired through successive stepsinvolving specific cell types in a process collectively termed “bone regeneration”.Although complex, bone regeneration occurs through a series of well-orchestratedstages wherein endogenous bone stem cells play a central role. In most situations,bone regeneration is successful;however, there are instances when it fails andcreates non-healing injuries or fracture nonunion requiring surgical or therapeuticinterventions. Transplantation of adult or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) definedby the International Society for Cell and Gene Therapy (ISCT) as CD105+-CD90+CD73+CD45-CD34-CD14orCD11b-CD79αorCD19-HLA-DR- is beinginvestigated as an attractive therapy for bone regeneration throughout the *** isolated from adipose tissue, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), aregaining increasing attention since this is the most abundant source of adult stemcells and the isolation process for ADSCs is straightforward. Currently, there isnot a single Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved ADSCs product forbone regeneration. Although the safety of ADSCs is established from their usagein numerous clinical trials, the bone-forming potential of ADSCs and MSCs, ingeneral, is highly controversial. Growing evidence suggests that the ISCT definedphenotype may not represent bona fide osteoprogenitors. Transplantation of bothADSCs and the CD105- sub-population of ADSCs has been reported to induce bone regeneration. Most notably, cells expressing other markers such as CD146,AlphaV, CD200, PDPN, CD164, CXCR4, and PDGFRα have been shown torepresent osteogenic sub-population within ADSCs. Amongst other strategies toimprove the bone-forming ability of ADSCs, modulation of VEGF, TGF-β1 andBMP signaling pathways of ADSCs has shown promising results. The U.S. FDAreveals that 73% of Investigational New Drug applications for stem cell-basedproducts rely on CD105 expression as the “positive” marker for adult stem cell

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cells Adipose-derived stem cells Endogenous stem cells Skeletal stem cells Bone regeneration

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A Comparative Study of Intra-Seasonal Variability of Total Column Ozone Measured over the Tropical Maritime and Coastal Stations Using Microtop II Ozonometer

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2018年第3期9卷 175-193页

作者： Vazhathottathil madhu Gangadharan Karthika Department of Atmospheric Sciences Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT) Cochin India

The study of temporal and spatial distribution of ozone is very important for understanding the atmospheric chemistry and thereby its impact on environment, weather and climate. The intra-seasonal variability plays a major role in the inter-annual variability of weather parameters such as rainfall, temperature, pressure and atmospheric trace gas constituents such as atmospheric ozone. The strength of monsoon circulation and deep convection greatly modifies the atmospheric compositions and meteorological parameters such as rainfall amount, distributions of atmospheric trace gas concentrations and other weather parameters over the summer monsoon region. The daily total column ozone (TCO) measured over maritime station (Lakshadweep Island— 10°10'N & 73°30'E) and coastal station (Cochin—9°55'N and 76°16'E) using Microtop II Ozonometer were considered for the comparative study of seasonal and intra-seasonal variability for the year 2015. The annual average of total column ozone over Lakshadweep Islands and Cochin was 290 DU and 280 DU respectively for the year 2015. The greater concentrations in daily TCO measurements over Lakshadweep Islands for all seasons compared to Cochin lead to the speculations that, the surface ozone concentration is more because of pollution from the diesel burning emissions, since the whole Island’s population completely depends on diesel generator for the power supply. During winter season maritime station shows a decrease of ~30 DU in TCO over Lak-shadweep Island compared to coastal station Cochin (~18 DU) from the annual mean in the month of December. During pre-monsoon season TCO concentration is high over both locations. There is gradual increase of TCO concentration over Cochin from pre-monsoon to monsoon season and peak in the month of September, but decreasing TCO concentrations measured over Lakshadweep during July to August. In the analysis it was found that Intra-Seasonal Variability (ISV) in total column ozone over Lakshadweep Islan

关键词： Total Column Ozone (TCO) Intra-Seasonal Variability Air Pollution Madden Julian Oscillation and South West Monsoon

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Quasi-Biennial Oscillations in Atmospheric Ozone from the Chemistry-Climate Model and Ozone Reanalysis

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American Journal of Climate Change 2019年第1期8卷 110-136页

作者： Vazhathottathil madhu Kengo Sudo Graduate School of Environmental Studies Nagoya University Nagoya Aichi Japan Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences Cochin University of Science and Technology Kochi Kerala India

The quasi-biennial oscillation is the primary mode of variability of the equatorial mean zonal wind in the lower stratosphere, which is characterized by downward propagating easterly and westerly wind regimes from 10 hPa level with a period approximately 28 months. The effects of the stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation in zonal winds (SQBO) are not only confined to atmospheric dynamics but also seen in the chemical constituent (trace gases) anomalies such as ozone, water vapor, carbon monoxide and methane in the lower stratosphere. In this study, we examined the SQBO and associated ozone quasi-biennial oscillation (OQBO) using the chemistry-climate model CHASER (MIROC-ESM) simulations and ECMWF ERA-Interim ozone reanalysis for the period 2000-2015. We used lower stratospheric zonal wind from the radiosonde observations and total column ozone (TCO) from Aura Satellite (OMI Instruments) over Singapore to compare the SQBO and OQBO phases with model and reanalysis. The SQBO shows large variations in magnitude and periodicity during the period of study and the amplitude of OQBO also changes in accordance with the westerly (+ve ozone anomaly) and easterly (-ve ozone anomaly) phases of SQBO. During the Westerly phase of Ozone QBO (WQBO) corresponds to average positive total ozone anomaly of ~10 DU and in the Easterly phase of Ozone QBO (EQBO) corresponds to an average negative total ozone anomaly ~−10 DU in the tropical lower stratosphere. Since the SQBO phases were explained by the vertical propagations of Mixed-Ross by Gravity (MRG) waves and Kelvin waves, the correlation of ozone volume mixing ratio with zonal and vertical velocities gives quasi-biennial signals, which indicate the OQBO mechanism more related to dynamical transport than the stratospheric photochemical variations. Since the average amplitude of OQBO phases gives ~+/−10 DU from the observations during easterly and westerly phases SQBO, we need more research focused on the d

关键词： Ozone Layer Equatorial Planetary Waves Quasi-Biennial Oscillations

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Development of Siliconized Epoxy Resins and Their Application as Anticorrosive Coatings

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2011年第3期1卷 133-139页

作者： Prashant Gupta madhu Bajpai 不详

The present work involves the development of siliconized epoxy resin to overcome the drawback of epoxy resin like poor impact strength, high rigidity and moisture absorbing nature because of which they are not applied as corrosion resistant coating. By embedding silicone into the back bone of polymeric resin the above drawback can be reduced to substantial level. For achieving this, siliconised epoxy resins were prepared by reacting amine terminated silicone resin with novolac epoxy resin and meta-phenylenediamine was used as curing agent. The applied films of coating were baked at 150oC. Cured films were evaluated for their thermal, mechanical, chemical and corrosion resistance properties to ascertain the commercial utility of these eco-friendly resin for use in anti corrosive formulations. The siliconized epoxy resins system was found to exhibit good thermal and anticorrosive properties.

关键词： Epoxy Resin Silicone Resin Anticorrosive Coatings

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Extraction of selected rare earth elements from anthracite acid mine drainage using supercritical CO2 via coagulation and complexation

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Journal of Rare Earths 2021年第1期39卷 83-89,I0004页

作者： Guanrong Song Xingchao Wang Carlos Romero Huazhi Chen Zheng Yao Alfred Kaziunas Rolf Schlake madhu Anand Tom Lowe Greg Driscoll Boyd Kreglow Harold Schobert Jonas Baltrusaitis Energy Research Center Lehigh University117 ATLSS Dr.BethlehemPA18015USA Applied Separations Inc. 930 Hamilton StreetAllentownPA18101USA Blaschak Coal Corporation 1166 W Centre StMahanoy CityPA17948USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Lehigh University111 Research Dr.Bethlehem.PA.18015USA

Rare earth elements(REEs)are valuable raw materials which are in great demand in modern high technology *** methods to produce/recover REEs from waste is significant to the national security of any developed *** study was focused on investigating the use of supercritical CO2(sCO2)to extract REEs from anthracite acid mine drainage(AMD).Four different mine drainage water source locations at Blaschak Coal *** Pennsylvania,USA were selected for sample *** extraction process was developed and demonstrated for two of those water sources containing the highest concentration of REEs.A method involving metal ion coagulation,their dissolution from the sludge into a concentrated aqueous HNO3 solution,complexation with organic ligands and sCO2 extraction was developed to recover REEs from ***,sodium aluminate(NaAlO2)was used as the coagulant to concentrate REEs from the AMD into a solid ***,over 99%of the REEs in AMD is concentrated in the remaining *** the coagulation process,the effects of pH and NaAlO2 concentration on REE precipitation were *** nitric acid(HNO3)was used to digest the pre-concentrated sludge and tributyl phosphate(TBP)was used to form REE/TBP/HNO3,a non-polar complex with selected REEs,specifically,cerium(Ce),lanthanum(La)and neodymium(Nd).HNO3 concentration and organic/aqueous phase ratio were considered as the variables to improve complexation *** extraction experiments using sCO2 and REE/TBP/HNO3 solutions were then conducted at optimal conditions of 60℃and 20 *** overall REE extraction efficiencies are found to increase with the atomic number of the *** a result,the average overall REE extraction efficiencies of 41.8%,40.1%and 58.2%for Ce,La and Nd,respectively,are *** potential improvements in the overall extraction efficiency are also discussed.

关键词： Supercritical CO2 extraction Rare earth elements Acid mine drainage

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Optical Spectroscopy of Classical Be Stars in Old Open Clusters

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2023年第3期23卷 16-24页

作者： madhu Kashyap Jagadeesh Blesson Mathew K.T.Paul Gourav Banerjee Suman Bhattacharyya R.Anusha Pramod kumar S. Department of Physics and Electronics CHRIST(Deemed to be University)Hosur Main RoadBengaluruIndia Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Western OntarioON N6A 3K7Canada Indian Institute of Astrophysics KoramangalaBengaluruIndia

We performed the optical spectroscopy of 16 classical Be stars in 11 open clusters older than 100 *** is the first spectroscopic study of classical Be stars in open clusters older than 100 *** found that the Hαemission strength of most of the stars is less than 40?,in agreement with previous *** analysis further suggests that one of the stars,[KW97]35–12,might be a weak Hαemitter in nature,showing Hαequivalent width of-0.5?.Interestingly,we also found that the newly detected classical Be star LSⅢ+4737b might be a component of the possible visual binary system LSⅢ+4737,where the other companion is also a classical Be ***,the present study indicates the possible detection of a binary Be ***,it is observed that all 16 stars exhibit a lesser number of emission lines compared to classical Be stars younger than 100 ***,the spectral type distribution analysis of B-type and classical Be stars for the selected clusters points out that the existence of CBe stars can depend on the spectral type distribution of B-type stars present in these clusters.

关键词： clusters showing spectroscopic

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Improving the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 via hybridizing with graphene

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Journal of Semiconductors 2017年第6期38卷 24-31页

作者： K S Divya Athulya K madhu T U Umadevi T Suprabha P.Radhakrishnan Nair Suresh Mathew School of Chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam 686 560 Kerala India Advanced Molecular Materials Research Centre Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam 686 560 Kerala India

In this paper an improvement in the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 was carried out via hybridizing with ***-TiO2（GR-TiO2/nanocomposites with different weight addition ratios of graphene oxide（GO）have been prepared via a facile microwave irradiation of GO and tetrabutyl titanate in isopropyl *** spectroscopy（RS）,X-ray diffraction（XRD）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,transmission electron microscopy（TEM）,UV–visible spectroscopy（UV–vis）,Fourier transform infrared spectra（FTIR）,energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy（EDX）and photoluminescence spectra（PL）are employed to determine the properties of the *** irradiation can heat the reactant to a higher temperature in a short time,simultaneously GO is reduced to graphene and TiO2 nanoparticles grown on the surface of ***-TiO2 nanocomposites synthesized via this approach have efficient electron conductivity in GR,resulting in a reduced electron–hole recombination *** the synthesized nanocomposites,GT-8wt% exhibited the best photocatalytic activity toward photocatalytic degradation of *** current work provides a new insight for the fabrication of GR-TiO2 nanocomposites within a short reaction time and also explains the mechanism of photocatalysis employing radical and hole scavengers.

关键词： graphene (GR) tetrabutyl titanate (TBT) GR-TiO2 nanocomposites methylene blue photocatalysis

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Farming methods impact on soil and water conservation efficiency under tea[Camellia sinensis(L.)]plantation in Nilgiris of South India

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2016年第3期4卷 195-198页

作者： Dhruba Charan Sahoo Made Gowda madhu Sivagnanam Santhana Bosu Om Pal Singh Khola Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Research CenterSunabeda 763002OdishaIndia Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Agricultural Engineering College and Research InstituteCoimbatore 641003Tamil NaduIndia Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Research CenterNilgiris 643004Tamil NaduIndia

Growing of tea on sloping land without any soil and water conservation measures causes enormous soil loss especially in the initial *** sound soil and water conservation planning,there is a need to evaluate the various conservation measures as related to the amount of expected runoff and soil *** this context,a field study was conducted in the farmer's field in Nigiris of South India for evaluating the impact of farming methods on soil and water conservation eficiency under new tea plantation One year old B-6 tea clones were planted at double hedge spacing(135 cm×75 cm×75 cm)in two slopes(8-12%and 30-35%)with treatments viz,contour staggered trenches(CST),vegetative barrier(VB),CST alternate with VB,CST with cover crop of beans and farmers'practice of *** runoff(14.6%)was observed from CST with cover crop of beans followed by CST(15.4%)under 8-12%slope range with exactly similar trend in runoff from the plots under 30-35%*** to runof,minimum soil loss was observed from CST(4.9 and 6.9t ha^(-1)yr^(-1))fllowed by CST with cover crop of beans(5.3 and 73 t ha^(-1)yr^(-1))under 8-12%and 30-35%*** CST and CST with cover crop of beans are resulted in better soil moisture under both the slope ranges in comparison to remaining measures as well as farmers'practice of ***,either CST alone or in combination with cover crop of beans are recommended for soil and water conservation under new tea plantation in the hill slopes.

关键词： Contour staggered trenches Conservation efficiency Cover crop Vegetative barrier

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Surface and Bulk Defects in Cr-Mn Iron Alloy Cast in Metal and Sand Moulds: Characterization by Positron Annihilation Techniques

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Journal of Surface Engineered Materials and Advanced Technology 2011年第3期1卷 136-143页

作者： Parthasarathy Sampathkumaran Subramanyam Seetharamu Chikkakuntappa Ranganathaiah Jaya madhu Raj Pradeep kumar Pujari Priya Maheshwari Debashish Dutta S. Kishore 不详

High chromium (Cr: 16% - 19%) iron alloy with 5% and 10% manganese (Mn) fabricated in metal and sand moulds by induction melting technique were investigated for defects microstructure both in the as-cast and heat treated conditions. Non-destructive techniques namely Positron Lifetime Spectroscopy and slow positron Doppler Broadening studies were employed to characterize the defects in the bulk as well as surface of the alloy and their influence of metallurgical parameters. The Positron Lifetime Spectroscopy data reveals that the defect concentration is higher for sand mould alloy samples compared to metal mould ones. The reasons for fewer defects in metal mould are attributed to faster heat transfer in the metal mould. Further, heat treatment yielded spherodization of carbides in the matrix resulting in reduced defects concentration. The S-parameter profiles from Doppler Broadening studies suggest defect concentration at the surface is less in 5% Manganese and near absence of any modification of defect structure following heat treatment in 10% Manganese sample closer to surface.

关键词： Cr-Mn Cast Iron Heat Treatment Positron Lifetime Spectroscopy Slow Positron Beam Analysis

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