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Carbon dioxide enrichment affected flower numbers transiently and increased successful post-pollination development stably but without altering final acorn production in mature pedunculate oak (Quercus robur l.)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 1-12页

作者： Ryan McClory Richard H.Ellis Martin lukac Jo Clark Carolina Mayoral Kris M.Hart Andrew R.G.Plackett A.Rob mackenzie School of Agriculture Policy and DevelopmentUniversity of ReadingAgricultureEarley GateWhiteknights RoadPO Box 237Reading RG66EUUK Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 165000Czechia Future Trees Trust Harwell Innovation CentreBuilding 173Curie AvenueHarwellOxford OX110QGUK Birmingham Institute of Forest Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Biosciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK

Acorn production in oak(Quercus spp.)shows considerable inter-annual variation,known as masting,which provides a natural defence against seed predators but a highly-variable supply of acorns for uses such as in commercial tree planting each *** emissions of greenhouse gases have been very widely reported to influence plant growth and seed or fruit size and quantity via the‘fertilisation effect’that leads to enhanced *** examine if acorn production in mature woodland communities will be affected by further increase in CO_(2),the contents of litter traps from a Free Air Carbon Enrichment(FACE)experiment in deciduous woodland in central England were analysed for numbers of flowers and acorns of pedunculate oak(Quercus robur l.)at different stages of development and their predation levels under ambient and elevated CO_(2) ***-annual variation in acorn numbers was considerable and cyclical between 2015 and 2021,with the greatest numbers of mature acorns in 2015,2017 and 2020 but almost none in *** numbers of flowers,enlarged cups,immature acorns,empty acorn cups,and galls in the litter traps also varied amongst years;comparatively high numbers of enlarged cups were recorded in 2018,suggesting *** at this site is a fruit maturation masting species(i.e.,the extent of abortion of pollinated flowers during acorn development affects mature acorn numbers greatly).Raising the atmospheric CO_(2) concentration by 150μl l^(−1),from early 2017,increased the numbers of immature acorns,and all acorn evidence(empty cups+immature acorns+mature acorns)detected in the litter traps compared to ambient controls by 2021,but did not consistently affect the numbers of flowers,enlarged cups,empty cups,or mature *** number of flowers in the elevated CO_(2) plots’litter traps was greater in 2018 than 2017,one year after CO_(2) enrichment began,whereas numbers declined in ambient *** with CO_(2) also increased the number o

关键词： Quercus robur l. Acorns Masting Pedunculate oak Carbon dioxide

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Productivity of Commercial Feedlot Beef Production Significantly Improved by Asparagopsis Bioactives Stabilized in Canola Oil

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第10期15卷 899-929页

作者： Robert D. Kinley Breanna M. Roque Sigrid l. mackenzie Marina R. S. Fortes Chiara Palmieri Garth Tarr Holly Cuthbertson Rodney Polkinghorne Frances C. Cowley FutureFeed Pty ltd. Townsville Australia School of Environmental and Rural Science The University of New England Armidale Australia School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland St. Lucia Australia School of Mathematics and Statistics The University of Sydney Camperdown Australia Birkenwood Pty ltd. Murrurundi Australia

Research using open-circuit respiration chambers has established that Asparagopsis bioactive compounds stabilized in canola oil (Asp-Oil), delivering a range of inclusion between 34 - 51 mg bromoform (CHBr 3 )/kg dry matter intake (DMI), inhibits methane (CH 4 ) emissions > 98% in feedlot cattle. In this study, Asp-Oil was fed at 35 mg CHBr 3 /kg DMI in the feedlot finisher diet under highly replicated and commercially relevant conditions, and adequately powered to confirm differences as low as 3.3% in feed conversion efficiency (FCE). The study also evaluated the effect of Asp-Oil on CH 4 production (g/day), carcass and meat-eating qualities, animal health, and food safety. The experiment consisted of 300 Angus-Shorthorn ( Bos taurus ) steers in 30 pens of 10 and fed a barley-based ration supplemented with canola oil (Control, n = 15), or Asp-Oil (n = 15) for total 81-d, inclusive of 21-d transition to full Asp-Oil and grain inclusion in the finisher ration. Reduction of CH 4 was measured using GreenFeed Emissions Monitors (GEM) in a subset of 2 pens in both Control and Asp-Oil. However, 67% of CH 4 measurements were recorded below the GEM’s limit of detection. An inhibition range of 58% - 98% was demonstrated by collectively using GEM and preliminary respiration chamber measurements. Asp-Oil improved FCE 7.4% in the finisher diet, and 5.6% across transition and finisher periods. During the transition steps the steers had not yet received their full allocations of grain and Asp-Oil which is responsible for the lower FCE benefits. A 4.1% lower DMI in the finisher period contributed to benefits in FCE with no effect on daily weight gains. Cost of feed and weight gain were reduced $0.35/head/day and $0.23/kg, respectively, in steers receiving Asp-Oil. Residues of Asparagopsis CHBr 3 were not detected in any sample and only trace iodide and bromide were detected in livers and kidneys of both Control and Asp-Oil steers at levels safe for human consumption. Steers demons

关键词： Asparagopsis Bromoform Enteric Methane Feed Efficiency Ruminant Seaweed

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COVID-19 Imaging Detection in the Context of Artificial Intelligence and the Internet of Things

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第8期132卷 507-530页

作者： Xiaowei Gu Shuwen Chen Huisheng Zhu mackenzie brown School of Math and Information Technology Jiangsu Second Normal UniversityNanjing211200China State Key laboratory of Millimeter Waves Southeast UniversityNanjing210096China School of Engineering Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia

Coronavirus disease 2019 brings a huge burden on the medical industry all over the *** the background of artificial intelligence(AI)and Internet of Things(IoT)technologies,chest computed tomography(CT)and chest Xray(CXR)scans are becoming more intelligent,and playing an increasingly vital role in the diagnosis and treatment of *** paper will introduce the segmentation of methods and *** and CT diagnosis of COVID-19 based on deep learning,which can be widely used to fight against COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 medical image chest CT CXR IoMT AI

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Effects of temperature change on mussel,Mytilus

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第3期7卷 312-327页

作者： mackenzie l.ZIPPAY Brian HElMUTH Environment and Sustainability Program Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA

An increasing body of research has demonstrated the often idiosyncratic responses of organisms to climate-related factors,such as increases in air,sea and land surface temperatures,especially when coupled with non-climatic *** argues that sweeping generalizations about the likely impacts of climate change on organisms and ecosystems are likely less valuable than process-based explorations that focus on key species and *** in the genus Mytilus have been studied for centuries,and much is known of their physiology and *** other intertidal organisms,these animals may serve as early indicators of climate change *** structuring species,their survival has cascading impacts on many other species,making them ecologically important,in addition to their economic value as a food ***,we briefly review the categories of information available on the effects of temperature change on mussels within this *** a considerable body of information exists about the genus in general,knowledge gaps still exist,specifically in our ability to predict how specific populations are likely to respond to the effects of multiple stressors,both climate and non-climate related,and how these changes are likely to result in ecosystem-level *** this genus provides an excellent model for exploring the effects of climate change on natural and human-managed ecosystems,much work remains if we are to make predictions of likely impacts of environmental change on scales that are relevant to climate adaptation.

关键词： climate change mussels Mytilus organismal responses temperature

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Application of U-Net and Optimized Clustering in Medical Image Segmentation:A Review

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第9期136卷 2173-2219页

作者： Jiaqi Shao Shuwen Chen Jin Zhou Huisheng Zhu Ziyi Wang mackenzie brown School of Physics and Information Engineering Jiangsu Second Normal UniversityNanjing211200China State Key laboratory of Millimeter Waves Southeast UniversityNanjing210096China Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Basic Education Big Data Application Nanjing211200China School of Data Science Perdana UniversitySerdangSelangor43400Malaysia

As a mainstream research direction in the field of image segmentation,medical image segmentation plays a key role in the quantification of lesions,three-dimensional reconstruction,region of interest extraction and so *** with natural images,medical images have a variety of ***,the emphasis of information which is conveyed by images of different modes is quite *** it is time-consuming and inefficient to manually segment medical images only by professional and experienced ***,large quantities of automated medical image segmentation methods have been ***,until now,researchers have not developed a universal method for all types of medical image *** paper reviews the literature on segmentation techniques that have produced major breakthroughs in recent *** the large quantities of medical image segmentation methods,this paper mainly discusses two categories of medical image segmentation *** is the improved strategies based on traditional clustering *** other is the research progress of the improved image segmentation network structure model based on *** power of technology proves that the performance of the deep learning-based method is significantly better than that of the traditional *** paper discussed both advantages and disadvantages of different algorithms and detailed how these methods can be used for the segmentation of lesions or other organs and tissues,as well as possible technical trends for future work.

关键词： Medical image segmentation clustering algorithm U-Net

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Edge Detection of COVID-19 CT Image Based on GF_SSR, Improved Multiscale Morphology, and Adaptive Threshold

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第7期132卷 81-94页

作者： Shouming Hou Chaolan Jia Kai li liya Fan Jincheng Guo mackenzie brown School of Computer Science and Technology Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo454000China City College Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710018China Department of Thoracic Surgery Jiaozuo Second People’s HospitalJiaozuo454000China School of Engineering Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalup6027Australia

Edge detection is an effective method for image segmentation and feature ***,extracting weak edges with the inhomogeneous gray of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)CT images is extremely *** morphology has been widely used in the edge detection of medical images due to its excellent boundary detection *** this paper,we propose a weak edge detection method based on Gaussian filtering and singlescale Retinex(GF_SSR),and improved multiscale morphology and adaptive threshold binarization(IMSM_ATB).As all the CT images have noise,we propose to remove image noise by Gaussian *** edge of CT images is enhanced using the SSR *** addition,based on the extracted edge of CT images using improved Multiscale morphology,a particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm is introduced to binarize the image by automatically getting the optimal *** evaluate our method,we use images from three datasets,namely COVID-19,Kaggle-COVID-19,and COVID-Chestxray,*** average values of results are worthy of reference,with the Shannon information entropy of 1.8539,the Precision of 0.9992,the Recall of 0.8224,the F-Score of 1.9158,running time of ***,three types of lesion images in the COVID-19 dataset are selected to evaluate the visual effects of the proposed *** with the other four algorithms,the proposed algorithm effectively detects the weak edge of the lesion and provides help for image segmentation and feature extraction.

关键词： COVID-19 SSR multiscale morphology PSO adaptive threshold edge detection

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Differentiate Xp11.2 Translocation Renal Cell Carcinoma from Computed Tomography Images and Clinical Data with ResNet-18 CNN and XGBoost

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第7期136卷 347-362页

作者： Yanwen lu Wenliang Ma Xiang Dong mackenzie brown Tong lu Weidong Gan Department of Urology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing210008China School of Data Science Perdana UniversitySerdang43400Malaysia State Key laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing UniversityNanjing210008China

This study aims to apply ResNet-18 convolutional neural network(CNN)and XGBoost to preoperative computed tomography(CT)images and clinical data for distinguishing Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma(Xp11.2 tRCC)from common subtypes of renal cell carcinoma(RCC)in order to provide patients with individualized treatment *** from45 patients with Xp11.2 tRCC fromJanuary 2007 to December 2021 are *** cell RCC(ccRCC),papillary RCC(pRCC),or chromophobe RCC(chRCC)can be detected from each *** images are acquired in the following three phases:unenhanced,corticomedullary,and nephrographic.A unified framework is proposed for the classification of renal *** this framework,ResNet-18 CNN is employed to classify renal cancers with CT images,while XGBoost is adopted with clinical *** demonstrate that,if applying ResNet-18 CNN or XGBoost singly,the latter outperforms the former,while the framework integrating both technologies performs similarly or better than ***,the possibility of misclassifying Xp11.2 tRCC,pRCC,and chRCC as ccRCC by the proposed framework is much lower than urologists.

关键词： ResNet-18 CNN XGBoost computed tomography TFE3 renal cell carcinoma

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Towards a precision psychiatry approach to anxiety disorders with ecological momentary assessment:the example of panic disorder

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General Psychiatry 2020年第1期33卷 23-29页

作者： Donald J Robinaugh mackenzie l.brown Olivia M losiewicz Payton J Jones luana Marques Amanda W Baker Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Psychology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusettsUSA

Background Treatments for anxiety disorders are among the most effective in ***,there is considerable room for *** In this paper,we discuss the value of ecological momentary assessment as a research method and clinical *** We begin by describing ecological momentary assessment and its advantages,including the ability to collect ecologically valid information about mental disorders,in real time,in individual *** then illustrate the value of this approach for anxiety disorder treatment using two patients with panic disorder who completed ecological momentary assessments for 2 weeks before and after a cognitive-behavioural therapy *** focus especially on two key pieces of information provided by ecological momentary assessment data:information about symptom dynamics and information about the relationships among symptoms as they unfold overtime within individual *** Although considerable work is needed to further develop this methodology in the context of anxiety disorder treatment,we believe that these pieces of information may ultimately inform our understanding of how anxiety disorder treatments have their effect and how those treatments can be tailored to individual patients.

关键词： disorders moment treatment

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Assessing vulnerability to panic:a systematic review of psychological and physiological responses to biological challenges as prospective predictors of panic attacks and panic disorder

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General Psychiatry 2019年第6期32卷 297-303页

作者： Donald J Robinaugh Meredith J Ward Emma R Toner mackenzie l.brown Olivia M losiewicz Eric Bui Scott P Orr Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA

Background Cognitive-behavioural theories of panic disorder posit that panic attacks arise from a positive feedback loop between arousal-related bodily sensations and perceived *** a recently develope computational model formalising these theories of pani attacks,it was observed that the response to a simulate perturbation to arousal provided a strong indicator of vulnerability to panic attacks and panic *** this/review,we evaluate whether this observation is borne o in the empirical literature that has examined responses biological challenge(eg,C02 inhalation)and their relatio to subsequent panic attacks and panic *** We searched PubMed,Web of Science and PsycINFO using keywords denoting provocation agents(eg,sodium lactate)and procedures(eg,infusion)combined with keywords relevant to panic disorder(eg,panic).Articles were eligible if they used response to a biologic challenge paradigm to prospectively predict panic attac or panic *** We identified four eligible *** effect sizes suggest that there is biological challenge response a moderate prospective association with subsequent pani attacks,but no prospective relationship with panic disorde Conclusions These findings provide support for the prediction derived from cognitive-behavioural theories an some preliminary evidence that response to a biological challenge may have clinical utility as a marker of vulnerab to panic attacks pending further research and developme Trial registration number 135908.

关键词： behaviour subsequent sizes

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An r-Adaptive Finite Element Method for the Solution of the Two-Dimensional Phase-Field Equations

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Communications in Computational Physics 2006年第5期1卷 805-826页

作者： G.Beckett J.A.mackenzie M.l.Robertson Department of Mathematics University of StrathclydeLivingstone Tower26 Richmond StreetGlasgow G11XHScotland

An adaptive moving mesh method is developed for the numerical solution of two-dimensional phase change problems modelled by the phase-field *** numerical algorithm is relatively simple and is shown to be more efficient than fixed grid *** phase-field equations are discretised by a Galerkin finite element *** adaptivity criterion is used that ensures that the mesh spacing at the phase front scales with the diffuse interface thickness.

关键词： Phase change phase-field equidistribution moving meshes adaptive method

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