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扁平句法与对言性——“自然书面语”视角

当代修辞学 2024年第4期 48-57页

作者：马欣然张伯江中国社会科学院大学文学院北京102488

本文从自然书面语角度观察汉语句法的扁平性,探究其后的对言性本质。首先观察了几种主要句法结构之间的可断可连现象,然后讨论了说明性句法背后的递系性关系和互文性语义呈现,最后描写和解释了几种充分语法化的典型对言格式的表达效力... 详细信息

本文从自然书面语角度观察汉语句法的扁平性,探究其后的对言性本质。首先观察了几种主要句法结构之间的可断可连现象,然后讨论了说明性句法背后的递系性关系和互文性语义呈现,最后描写和解释了几种充分语法化的典型对言格式的表达效力。这几项考察足以说明,对言语法的扁平观和互文观对我们观察语言的实际应用、理解句子的编码策略、感受语法与修辞的效力,都有极大的帮助。本文提倡对自然书面语要有足够的重视,因为它是汉语各种语体里最为自然、集中地反映汉语特点、表达准确而鲜明生动的常用语体。

关键词：扁平句法对言性自然书面语递系性互文性

跑台运动对帕金森病模型大鼠肠道菌群结构及多样性的影响

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中国组织工程研究 2024年第14期28卷 2227-2233页

作者：马欣然刘欣昊李宇佳罗开亮马书杰胡军上海中医药大学康复医学院上海市201203 福建医科大学附属第一医院康复医学科福建省福州市350005 上海市第二康复医院上海市200441

背景:运动对于肠道菌群失调具有调节作用,能有效保护有益菌群,改善肠道环境;但跑台运动对帕金森病肠道微生物群落结构及多样性的影响及具体作用机制尚不明确。目的:利用16S rDNA技术分析跑台运动对帕金森病模型大鼠肠道菌群群落结构及... 详细信息

背景:运动对于肠道菌群失调具有调节作用,能有效保护有益菌群,改善肠道环境;但跑台运动对帕金森病肠道微生物群落结构及多样性的影响及具体作用机制尚不明确。目的:利用16S rDNA技术分析跑台运动对帕金森病模型大鼠肠道菌群群落结构及多样性的影响,并探讨非药物跑台运动改善帕金森病的作用机制。方法:18只SD大鼠随机选取12只,利用单侧黑质2点法脑注射6-羟基多巴胺诱导建立帕金森病大鼠模型;剩余6只为假手术组,采用相同定位及注射方式注射同等剂量含0.2%抗坏血酸的生理盐水。造模成功的12只帕金森病模型大鼠随机分为帕金森病模型组和跑台运动组,每组6只。跑台运动组进行中低强度跑台运动干预(10 m/min,30 min/d,5 d/周),连续干预4周。在最后1次跑台运动结束后24 h取大鼠新鲜粪便并置于液氮冻存,采用16S rDNA测序技术分析大鼠粪便菌群结构的变化。结果与结论:①跑台运动可明显改善帕金森病模型大鼠的行为学及黑质酪氨酸羟化酶阳性细胞表达,缓解由帕金森病引起的肠道微生物群落结构及多样性的变化,增加大鼠操作分类单位(OTUs)数量,调节Alpha及Beta多样性;②在肠道菌群门和属水平,帕金森病模型组中Firmicutes(厚壁菌门)/Bacteroidetes(拟杆菌门)丰度比值较假手术组减少,而Prevotella(普雷沃氏菌属)、Bacteroides(拟杆菌属)、Clostridium_XlV(梭菌属)等有益菌经跑台运动后有明显上升;③结果提示:跑台运动对于帕金森病所导致的行为学异常、多巴胺能神经元的毒性损伤及肠道微生物失衡具有显著调节作用,可缓解与菌群相关的疾病症状,对帕金森病改善具有积极作用。

关键词：跑台运动帕金森病肠道菌群 16S rDNA 大鼠

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脂肪衰老与代谢紊乱

中国科学：生命科学 2024年第5期54卷 789-804页

作者：张彦康张婷邱瑾马欣然徐凌燕华东师范大学生命科学学院上海市调控生物学重点实验室上海200241

衰老往往伴随着机体代谢紊乱,导致多种衰老相关疾病,严重降低老年人群生活质量.多组织转录全景图谱显示,脂肪组织可能是首先衰老的器官之一,在衰老进程中扮演重要角色.年龄增长是引发脂肪衰老的内因,而肥胖是加速脂肪衰老及相关疾病的... 详细信息

衰老往往伴随着机体代谢紊乱,导致多种衰老相关疾病,严重降低老年人群生活质量.多组织转录全景图谱显示,脂肪组织可能是首先衰老的器官之一,在衰老进程中扮演重要角色.年龄增长是引发脂肪衰老的内因,而肥胖是加速脂肪衰老及相关疾病的重要外因.年龄增长和肥胖均导致脂肪衰老和功能障碍,继而导致系统性代谢紊乱,加速多种衰老相关疾病进展.脂肪衰老表现为脂肪组织重分布、产热脂肪功能减退、脂肪干细胞增殖能力下降、脂肪组织炎症与纤维化、脂肪组织分泌谱改变等.脂肪组织作为机体代谢网络中的中心器官,可通过分泌蛋白、代谢物、外泌体及非编码RNA等与其他组织器官进行对话,从而调控整体代谢稳态,而脂肪衰老可能引起机体代谢功能紊乱.因此,靶向脂肪组织进行干预,可能改善脂肪功能障碍继而缓解衰老相关疾病.此外,抗衰老策略也部分通过脂肪组织发挥作用.本文综述了衰老脂肪组织的特征,脂肪衰老与代谢紊乱的联系,重点讨论了脂肪在机体代谢稳态维持中的重要作用及与其他器官的对话机制,并展望靶向干预脂肪衰老,缓解衰老相关疾病,延长寿命与健康寿命的可能性.

关键词：衰老肥胖脂肪组织代谢紊乱器官对话

Multicomponent induced localized coupling in Penrose tiling for electromagnetic wave absorption and multiband compatibility

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2022年第35期130卷 86-92页

作者： xinran ma Yuping Duan Lingxi Huang Ben ma Hao Lei Key Laboratory of Solidification Control and Digital Preparation Technology(Liaoning Province) School of Materials Science and EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116085China

In the electronic information and intelligent era, microwave absorption materials have been focused on the issue of electromagnetic(EM) pollution, but high-performance absorbers with thin thickness are highly desirable. The positive action between structural design and component selection can be regarded as a function to optimize the microwave loss capacity, which contributes to understanding the response mechanisms from the micro and macro. Therefore, we designed the absorber with quasiperiodic structures of Penrose tiling that has finely engineered the location of maximum absorption peak, the spherical carbonyl iron in thin rhombus, and flakey carbonyl iron in fat rhombus, the effective absorption bandwidth(Reflection Loss ≤ –10 d B) was realized from 6.46 GHz to 15.78 GHz in the 2 mm thickness. The unique arrangement of Penrose tiling can respond alternatingly to EM waves at large scales, and multicomponent coupling is distinctly in the neighboring unit cells. In addition, spraying aluminum pigment as the upper layer, the infrared emissivity is less than 0.35 to meet the complex application *** work opens up novel ideas on quasiperiodic structure combined multicomponent and injects infinite vitality to provide prospects for broadband responsive and high-efciency EM absorbers.

关键词： Microwave absorber Penrose tiling Carbonyl iron Localized coupling

基于果实表型性状的山楂种质资源遗传多样性分析

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沈阳农业大学学报 2024年第4期55卷 395-404页

作者：赵玉辉齐索尼李昂轩赵迎汐马欣然刘月学沈阳农业大学园艺学院沈阳110161

为保护山楂种质资源,评价及筛选利用优异山楂种质资源,对国家果树种质沈阳山楂圃保存的234份山楂种质资源的26个果实表型性状进行鉴定评价,分析表型性状的分布频率、变异系数和遗传多样性指数,通过聚类分析对种质资源进行分类,并基于果... 详细信息

为保护山楂种质资源,评价及筛选利用优异山楂种质资源,对国家果树种质沈阳山楂圃保存的234份山楂种质资源的26个果实表型性状进行鉴定评价,分析表型性状的分布频率、变异系数和遗传多样性指数,通过聚类分析对种质资源进行分类,并基于果实性状进行主成分分析。结果表明:山楂种质的果实描述性状多样性丰富,以果点显著、果皮红色、果实近方形、果点多、果皮有光泽、萼片姿态开张反卷、萼片有绒毛、萼片有锯齿、萼片三角形、萼片着生状态显著、种核有凹痕、萼筒漏斗形、梗洼广浅和梗基膨大状居多,分别占97.86%、90.17%、66.67%、65.95%、97.44%、56.84%、96.58%、97.86%、98.72%、89.32%、86.32%、65.81%和98.29%。数量性状中种仁率变异系数(43.88%)最大,其次为单果重(41.38%);Shannon-Wiener指数范围0.68~2.02。描述性状Shannon-Wiener指数范围0.07~1.67,其中果肉质地和颜色较高,多样性最丰富,而数量性状Shannon-Wiener指数范围达0.68~2.02,也表现出丰富的多样性。聚类分析在欧式距离为7时将供试种质资源分为4个类群,第Ⅰ类群和第Ⅱ类群均是大果山楂,羽裂山楂资源大部分在第Ⅳ类群,其余的种主要分布在第Ⅲ类群和第Ⅳ类群,没有形成单独的类群,但这些资源在聚类图中是聚在一起的。主成分分析结果将26个表型性状简化为9个主成分,包含果实形状等17个表型性状。

关键词：山楂种质资源果实性状遗传多样性数量分类

Profiles of muscular amino acids,fatty acids,and metabolites in Shaziling pigs of different ages and relation to meat quality

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第6期66卷 1323-1339页

作者： Yehui Duan Changbing Zheng Jie Zheng Lu ma xinran ma Yinzhao Zhong Xichen Zhao Fengna Li Qiuping Guo Yulong Yin CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessNational Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry ProductionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha410125China College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China

Pork meat is closely related to physicochemical alterations during growth and development,resulting in differences in nutritional value and meat *** study aimed to evaluate the composition of amino acids,fatty acids,and metabolic profiles in the longissimus thoracis muscle(LM)of Shaziling pigs aged 30,90,150,210,and 300 *** results showed that the predominant fatty acids identified in the LM of Shaziling pigs were C16:0,C16:1,C18:0,C18:1n9c,and C18:*** opposite correlation was observed for C18:2n6c and n6/n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(Pmate,Dglutamine,and D-glutamate metabolism were the main metabolic pathways for the Shaziling pig meat flavor(P<0.05).Moreover,the correlation coefficients revealed that the contents of anserine,C16:0,C16:1,and C18:1n9c were positively correlated with intramuscular fat and/or p H24hand were negatively correlated with the values of L^(*)(lightness)and b^(*)(yellowness)(P<0.05).In conclusion,age greatly affected the meat quality of Shaziling pigs,and the contents of muscular anserine,C16:0,C16:1,and C18:1n9c might be promising indicators for better meat quality.

关键词： Shaziling pigs meat quality amino acids fatty acids metabolites

Defining newly formed and tissue-resident bone marrow-derived macrophages in adult mice based on lysozyme expression

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第12期19卷 1333-1346页

作者： Tong Lei Jiayu Zhang Qian Zhang xinran ma Yanan Xu Yang Zhao Lianfeng Zhang Zhongbing Lu Yong Zhao State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Cunji Medical School University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine Ministry of HealthInstitute of Laboratory Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine BeijingChina

Tissue-resident macrophages are derived from different precursor cells and display different *** of the tissue-resident macrophages of inflamed or damaged tissues in adults can be achieved by bone marrow-derived monocytes/*** lysozyme(Lysm)-GFP-reporter mice,we found that alveolar macrophages(AMs),Kupffer cells,red pulp macrophages(Rpmacs),and kidney-resident macrophages were Lysm-GFP^(−),whereas all monocytes in the fetal liver,adult bone marrow,and blood were Lysm-GFP^(+).Donor-derived Lysm-GFP^(+)resident macrophages gradually became Lysm-GFP−in recipients and developed gene expression profiles characteristic of tissue-resident ***,Lysm may be used to distinguish newly formed and long-term surviving tissue-resident macrophages that were derived from bone marrow precursor cells in adult mice under pathological ***,we found that Irf4 might be essential for resident macrophage differentiation in all tissues,while cytokine and receptor pathways,mTOR signaling pathways,and fatty acid metabolic processes predominantly regulated the differentiation of Rpmacs,Kupffer cells,and kidney macrophages,*** in ST2,mechanistic target of rapamycin(mTOR)and fatty acid-binding protein 5(FABP5)differentially impaired the differentiation of tissue-resident macrophages from bone marrow-derived monocytes/macrophages in the lungs,liver,and *** results indicate that a combination of shared and unique signaling pathways coordinately shape tissue-resident macrophage differentiation in various tissues.

关键词： Tissue-resident macrophages Kupffer cells Lysozyme Inflammation Metabolism Cytokine

Effective peroxydisulfate activation by CQDs-MnFe_(2)O_(4)@ZIF-8 catalyst for complementary degradation of bisphenol A by free radicals and non-radical pathways

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 371-379页

作者： Shuo Li xinran Liu Yongjie Zheng Jun ma Shijie You Heshan Zheng College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qiqihar UniversityQiqihar 161006China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China

The present study reported fabrication of novel carbon quantum dots-MnFe_(2)O_(4)@ZIF-8(CQDs-MFO@ZIF-8)by using co-precipitation hydrothermal method for activation of peroxydisulfate(PDS)to degrade bisphenol A(BPA),one of important emerging organic pollutants in water ***-MFO@ZIF-8 served as a highly efficient thermal activated PDS catalyst with high catalytic degradation efficiency,reusability and *** catalyst achieved almost completely removal of 20.0 mg/L BPA within 5.0 min,and the degradation efficiency remained higher than 83%after 5 consecutive *** radicals(^(·)OH,SO_(4)^(·-)and^(·)O_(2)^(-))and non-free radicals((1)O_(2))were generated in the thermal PDS-activation system,in which singlet oxygen((1)O_(2))played a dominant role in the degradation of *** potential toxicity of BPA degradation intermediates was analyzed upon the culture of *** and Chlorella sorokiniana by using Ecological Structure-Activity Relationship Model(ECOSAR)*** catalytic performances of BPA degradation by CQDs-MFO@ZIF-8 were evaluated for treatment of different practical water samples to further verify the feasibility of practical *** study provides proof-in-concept demonstration of new nanomaterials for enhanced catalytic water decontamination.

关键词： Bisphenol A Degradation Peroxydisulfate ^(1)O_(2) Toxicity analysis

The mid-domain effect in flowering phenology

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Plant Diversity 2024年第4期46卷 502-509页

作者： Yanjun Du Rongchen Zhang xinran Tang Xinyang Wang Lingfeng mao Guoke Chen Jiangshan Lai Keping ma School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry(School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs School of Rural Revitalization)Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China HNU-ASU Joint International Tourism College Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China College of Ecology and Environment Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China

The timing of flowering is an important driver of species distribution and community assembly ***,we still have much to learn about the factors that shape flowering diversity(i.e.,number of species flowering per period) in plant *** potential explanation of flowering diversity is the mid-domain effect,which states that geometric constraints on species ranges within a bounded domain(space or time) will yield a mid-domain peak in diversity regardless of ecological ***,we determine whether the mid-domain effect explains peak flowering time(i.e.,when most species of communities are flowering) across *** used phenological data of 16,267 herbaceous and woody species from the provincial Flora in China and species distribution data from the Chinese Vascular Plant Distribution Database to determine relationships between the observed number of species flowering and the number of species flowering as predicted by the mid-domain effect model,as well as between three climatic variables(mean minimum monthly temperature,mean monthly precipitation,and mean monthly sunshine duration).We found that the mid-domain effect explained a significant proportion of the temporal variation in flowering diversity across all species in ***,the mid-domain effect explained a greater proportion of variance in flowering diversity at higher latitudes than at lower *** patterns of flowering diversity for both herbaceous and woody species were related to both the mid-domain effect and environmental *** findings indicate that including geometric constraints in conjunction with abiotic and biotic predictors will improve predictions of flowering diversity patterns.

关键词： Flowering diversity Functional biogeography Latitudinal gradient macroecology macrophenology Null model