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Extreme precipitation detection ability of four high-resolution precipitation product datasets in hilly area:a case study in Nepal

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第3期15卷 390-405页

作者： Sunil Subba Yao-Ming ma Wei-qiang ma Cun-Bo Han Land-Atmosphere Interaction and its Climatic Effects Group State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth SystemEnvironment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Atmospheric Science Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China National Observation and Research Station for Qomolongma Special Atmospheric Processes and Environmental Changes Dingri 858200China Kathmandu Center of Research and Education Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesIslamabad 45320Pakista

Given Nepal's vulnerability to extreme precipitation(EP),it is imperative to conduct a comprehensive analysis to comprehend the historical trends of such ***,acquiring precise precipitation data for EP remains challenging in mountainous countries like Nepal owing to the scarcity of densely gauged *** limitation impedes the dissemination of knowledge pertaining to EP variability events in *** current research on this topic is deficient for two main reasons:1)there is a lack of studies leveraging recently released high-resolution precipitation products to identify their EP detection capabilities,which further hinders the usability of those products in data-scarce regions like Nepal,and 2)most studies have focused on the characterisation of EP events in Nepal rather than their spatial and temporal *** address these issues,this study evaluated the EP detection capabilities of four high-resolution precipitation product datasets(PPDs)across Nepal from 1985 to *** datasets include the ERA5 Land reanalysis data,satellite-based precipitation data(PERSIANN_CCS_CDR and CHIRPS_V2.0)and a merged dataset(TPHiPr).We used various statistical and categorical indices to assess their ability to capture the spatial and temporal variability of EP *** annual EP events were characterised by 11 indices divided into frequency and intensity *** TPHiPr merged dataset offered a robust depiction of monthly precipitation estimates,achieving the highest critical success index,accuracy,probability of detection and a low false alarm ratio for daily precipitation detection of 0.1 mm in ***,the PERSIANN_CCS_CDR dataset exhibited poor *** PPDs showed increasing trends in EP ***,the TPHiPr dataset showcased those trends with fewer errors and stronger correlations for many frequency(R10mm,R20mm and R25mm)and intensity(RX1day,RX5day,PRCPTOT and R99p)*** results indicate that TPHiPr outperformed ot

关键词： Extreme precipitation Precipitation product Nepal TPHiPr ERA5 land PERSIANN_CCS_CDR CHIRPS_V2.0

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Ultra-high energy cosmic neutrinos from gamma-ray bursts

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Fundamental Research 2024年第1期4卷 51-56页

作者： Yanqi Huang Bo-qiang ma School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Center for High Energy Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum matter Beijing 100871China

Based on the recent association of IceCube TeV and PeV neutrino events with gamma-ray bursts(GRBs)by considering the Lorentz violation of neutrinos,we provide a new estimate on the GRB neutrino flux with a more significant result compared to the previous constraint by the IceCube *** these 24 neutrino“shower”events above 60 TeV,12 events are associated with *** a result is compatible with the prediction from GRB fireball *** of track events provides a consistent result with the shower events to associate high energy cosmic neutrinos with GRBs under the same Lorentz violation features of *** also make a background estimation and reveal GRBs as a significant source for the ultra-high energy IceCube neutrino *** work supports the Lorentz violation and CPT-violation of neutrinos,indicating new physics beyond relativity.

关键词： Cosmic neutrino Gamma-ray burstLorentz invariance violation Neutrino and anti-neutrino asymmetry CPT-violation of neutrinos

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A concise proof of Benford's law

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Fundamental Research 2024年第4期4卷 841-844页

作者： Luohan Wang Bo-qiang ma School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Center for High Energy Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum matter Beijing 100871China

This article presents a concise proof of the famous Benford's law when the distribution has a Riemann integrable probability density function and provides a criterion to judge whether a distribution obeys the *** proof is intuitive and elegant,accessible to anyone with basic knowledge of calculus,revealing that the law originates from the basic property of human number *** criterion can bring great convenience to the field of fraud detection.

关键词： Benford's law First-digit law Significant digit law Proof Criterion

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Regulating zinc ion transport behavior and solvated structure towards stable aqueous Zn metal batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 609-626,I0015页

作者： qiang ma Aoen ma Shanguang Lv Bowen Qin Yali Xu Xianxiang Zeng Wei Ling Yuan Liu Xiongwei Wu College of materials Engineering Henan International Joint Laboratory of Rare Earth Composite MaterialsHenan University of EngineeringZhengzhou 451191HenanChina Nanozyme Medical Center School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001HenanChina School of Chemistry and materials Science Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410125HunanChina College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082HunanChina Hunan Province Yin Feng New Energy Co.Ltd. Changsha 410019HunanChina

Aqueous Zn metal batteries(AZMBs)with intrinsic safety,high energy density and low cost have been regarded as promising electrochemical energy storage ***,the parasitic reaction on metallic Zn anode and the incompatibility between electrode and electrolytes lead to the deterioration of electrochemical performance of AZMBs during the *** critical point to achieve the stable cycling of AZMBs is to properly regulate the zinc ion solvated structure and transfer behavior between metallic Zn anode and *** recent years,numerous achievements have been made to resolve the formation of Zn dendrite and interface incompatible issues faced by AZMBs via optimizing the sheath structure and transport capability of zinc ions at electrode-electrolyte *** this review,the challenges for metallic Zn anode and electrode-electrolyte interface in AZMBs including dendrite formation and interface characteristics are *** the influences of different strategies involving designing advanced electrode structu re,artificial solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)on Zn anode and electrolyte engineering to regulate zinc ion solvated sheath structure and transport behavior are summarized and ***,the perspectives for the future development of design strategies for dendrite-free Zn metal anode and long lifespan AZMBs are also given.

关键词： aqueous Zn metal batteries Zn metal anode Transport behavior Solvated structure Dendrite-free

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Unravelling the nature of the active species as well as the Mn doping effect over gamma-Al_(2)O_(3) catalyst for eliminating AsH_(3) and PH_(3)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 213-225页

作者： Bowen Xu Jiaxin Qu Xueqian Wang Langlang Wang Yu Pu Ping Ning Yibing Xie Yixing ma qiang ma Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China

To investigate the enhancing effect of Mn on the performance of simultaneous catalytic oxidation of AsH_(3)and PH_(3)by CuO-Al_(2)O_(3)in a reducing atmosphere under micro-oxygen conditions,Cu-Mn modifiedγ-Al_(2)O_(3)catalysts were *** characteristics of the catalysts showed that Mn reduced the crystallinity of the active CuO component,increased the number of oxygen vacancies and acidic sites on the catalyst surface,enhanced the mobility of surface oxygen,and the interaction between copper and manganese promoted the redox cycling ability of the catalysts and improved their oxidation performance,which increased the conversion frequency(TOF)by 2.54×10^(-2)to 3.07×10^(-2)sec^(-1).On the other hand,the introduction of Mn reduced the production of phosphate and As_(2)O_(3)on the catalyst surface by30.96%and 44.9%,which reduced the coverage and inerting of the active sites by phosphate and As_(2)O_(3),resulting in an 8 hr(6 hr)improvement in the stability of PH_(3)(AsH_(3))removal.

关键词： AsH_(3)-PH_(3)removal Oxygen activation Mn doping Stability enhancement

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Deformation and mutual influence of two cylindrical water columns in tandem subjected to shock wave

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第8期33卷 316-327页

作者：洪振宇宋洋王睿马宗强马东军王裴 Institute of Applied Physics and Computational mathematics Beijing 100094China Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics Beijing 100088China Center for Applied Physics and Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The interaction between shock waves and multiple cylinders,referred to as shock–cylinder interaction(SCI),is an important phenomenon in science and ***,its underlying physical mechanisms remain *** study entailed the numerical simulation of the aerobreakup of two tandem water columns subjected to a high-speed gas flow by using an adaptive mesh refinement(AMR)-based diffusion-interface *** objective was to elucidate the changes in water–column deformation patterns over a wide range of Weber *** analysis was performed to examine the deformation of the water columns in vertical *** reveal distinct deformation patterns between the two columns as the Weber number ***,an extended exponential stretching law model was devised,and its improved capability to predict the deformation patterns was demonstrated.

关键词： shock-cylinder interaction(SCI) Weber number effect aerobreakup multiphase flow

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货币返还请求权规则的重构

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法学研究 2024年第2期46卷 73-93页

作者：马强上海交通大学凯原法学院

货币“占有即所有”法理是对比较法上少数说的残缺继受,应彻底摒弃。货币返还请求权规则应围绕货币作为一般等价物和具有高度流通性的可替代物予以重构。存款货币虽表现为对银行的债权,但在交易中其执行货币功能,本质上也属于货币。对... 详细信息

货币“占有即所有”法理是对比较法上少数说的残缺继受,应彻底摒弃。货币返还请求权规则应围绕货币作为一般等价物和具有高度流通性的可替代物予以重构。存款货币虽表现为对银行的债权,但在交易中其执行货币功能,本质上也属于货币。对于现金货币与存款货币,都应适用具有物法性效力的“货币返还请求权”。在货币混合时,应成立按份共有,货币权利人可请求分割。货币返还请求权可以等额其他货币履行。在发生货币兑换时,货币权利人的返还请求权不会降格为不当得利请求权,而是可以借助价值返还请求权理论,在兑换后的等额其他货币上延续。在以他人货币取得新物时,取得之物或权利应作为代位物继续纳入货币权利人返还请求权的范围之内。

关键词：现金货币存款货币货币返还请求权价值返还请求权物上代位

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丰隆穴主治病症演变考略——兼与《中国针灸》“丰隆治痰”相关文章探讨

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中国针灸 2024年第7期44卷 845-850页

作者：马强安徽中医药大学针灸推拿学院合肥230038

基于传世文献《黄帝内经》,结合《黄帝明堂经辑校》以及出土文献《天回医简》,认为秦汉时期诸医籍中丰隆穴主治病症多有重合,且所针对病机多为“气逆”,《黄帝明堂经》对部分症状的文字表述改写后,影响了后世医籍对丰隆穴主治的认识。... 详细信息

基于传世文献《黄帝内经》,结合《黄帝明堂经辑校》以及出土文献《天回医简》,认为秦汉时期诸医籍中丰隆穴主治病症多有重合,且所针对病机多为“气逆”,《黄帝明堂经》对部分症状的文字表述改写后,影响了后世医籍对丰隆穴主治的认识。在隋唐时期痰病理论构建的基础上,宋金元医家重视痰与气机之间的关系,窦汉卿针灸著述中治疗“痰饮”“痰喘”选取丰隆穴,也是针对“气逆”这一病机,并非针对“痰”之本身,且可结合“三里泻之,以去风”佐证。经《玉龙歌》《针方六集》强调丰隆穴与“痰”之间的关系后,自明代以来逐渐形成丰隆为“治痰要穴”这一认识。丰隆穴主治病症的形成与演变受文本传抄讹误、文化背景影响、病症名称表述形式转变以及医家自身临床经验等因素的综合作用。

关键词：丰隆穴腧穴主治痰饮针灸文献

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Molecular dynamics simulations on the interactions between nucleic acids and a phospholipid bilayer

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 512-521页

作者：徐耀黄舒伟丁泓铭马余强 National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Center for Soft Condensed matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research School of Physical Science and TechnologySoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China

Recently,lipid nanoparticles(LNPs)have been extensively investigated as non-viral carriers of nucleic acid vaccines due to their high transport efficiency,safety,and straightforward production and ***,the molecular mechanism underlying the interactions between nucleic acids and phospholipid bilayers within LNPs remains *** this study,we employed the all-atom molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the interactions between single-stranded nucleic acids and a phospholipid *** findings revealed that hydrophilic bases,specifically G in single-stranded RNA(ssRNA)and single-stranded DNA(ssDNA),displayed a higher propensity to form hydrogen bonds with phospholipid head ***,ssRNA exhibited stronger binding energy than ***,divalent ions,particularly Ca2+,facilitated the binding of ssRNA to phospholipids due to their higher binding energy and lower dissociation rate from ***,our study provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying nucleic acidphospholipid interactions,with potential implications for the nucleic acids in biotherapies,particularly in the context of lipid carriers.

关键词： RNA DNA lipid bilayer molecular dynamics interface interaction divalent cation

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热效应作用下S波入射弹性地基自由场地地震响应研究

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振动与冲击 2024年第10期43卷 114-122页

作者：杨奕琪马强青海大学土木工程学院西宁810016 青海省建筑节能材料与工程安全重点实验室西宁810016

基于热弹性介质中波的传播理论,建立了平面S波入射下弹性地基自由场地模型,采用亥姆霍兹矢量分解原理,对热效应作用下弹性地基自由场地中的波场进行分析,获得了热效应作用下平面S波入射弹性地基自由场地地震地面运动的解析解答。通过数... 详细信息

基于热弹性介质中波的传播理论,建立了平面S波入射下弹性地基自由场地模型,采用亥姆霍兹矢量分解原理,对热效应作用下弹性地基自由场地中的波场进行分析,获得了热效应作用下平面S波入射弹性地基自由场地地震地面运动的解析解答。通过数值计算,分析了热传导系数、介质温度、热膨胀系数等热物性参数对弹性地基自由场地地震地面运动所产生的影响规律。研究结果表明:考虑热效应和不考虑热效应的两种理论模型下所得到的水平和竖向位移放大系数有着明显差异;地表水平和竖向位移放大系数以及相应的加速度随着热膨胀系数和介质温度的增大而增大;热传导系数和热通量相位延迟对地表位移放大系数和加速度的影响较小;随着入射波频率的增大,地表位移放大系数和加速度均逐渐增大。

关键词：热弹性介质热效应自由场地地震地面运动平面S波

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