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CToMP: a cycle-task-oriented memory protection scheme for unmanned systems

Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 399-417页

作者： Chengyan ma Ning XI Di lU Yebo FENG Jianfeng ma School of Cyber Engineering Xidian University School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian University Department of Computer and Information Science University of Oregon

Memory corruption attacks(MCAs) refer to malicious behaviors of system intruders that modify the contents of a memory location to disrupt the normal operation of computing systems, causing leakage of sensitive data or perturbations to ongoing processes. Unlike general-purpose systems, unmanned systems cannot deploy complete security protection schemes, due to their limitations in size, cost and *** in unmanned systems are particularly difficult to defend against. Furthermore, MCAs have diverse and unpredictable attack interfaces in unmanned systems, severely impacting digital and physical sectors. In this paper, we first generalize, model and taxonomize MCAs found in unmanned systems currently, laying the foundation for designing a portable and general defense approach. According to different attack mechanisms,we found that MCAs are mainly categorized into two types — return2libc and return2shellcode. To tackle return2libc attacks, we model the erratic operation of unmanned systems with cycles and then propose a cycle-task-oriented memory protection(CToMP) approach to protect control flows from tampering. To defend against return2shellcode attacks, we introduce a secure process stack with a randomized memory address by leveraging the memory pool to prevent Shellcode from being executed. moreover, we discuss the mechanism by which CTo MP resists the return-oriented programming(ROP) attack, a novel variant of return2libc attacks. Finally, we implement CTo MP on CUAV V5+ with Ardupilot and Crazyflie. The evaluation and security analysis results demonstrate that the proposed approach CTo MP is resilient to various MCAs in unmanned systems with low footprints and system overhead.

关键词： unmanned system memory corruption attack memory protection system security randomized memory address

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Aero-structural design of joined-wing aircraft based on high-fidelity model

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第4期37卷 363-377页

作者： Cheng HE Fengjiang ZHAN luchuang ma Gang CHEN Jianying ma Unmanned Air Vehicle Research Institute Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Key laboratory of Advanced Technology for Small and Medium-sized UAV Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Aerospace System Engineering Shanghai Shanghai 201108China

The joined-wing configuration reduces induced drag and structural weight by connecting the rear wing to the front *** addition,the rear wing can replace the role of the horizontal tail of a conventional aircraft,thus eliminating the aerodynamic drag and weight associated with the horizontal *** particular shape creates a highly coupled relationship between aerodynamics and structure,which must be fully considered during the overall design process to enhance aircraft *** this research,an aero-structural design model of the joined-wing aircraft is constructed based on high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics and structural finite element *** model is able to obtain accurate aerodynamic loads for the non-planar wing and to simulate the statically indeterminate structure of the closed wing *** influence of the joined-wing shape parameters on the aerodynamic and structural disciplines,as well as the influence of geometric nonlinear characteristics,deformation constraints and buckling constraints on the structural weight are all taken into *** model is applied to complete the aero-structural design optimization of a high-altitude long-endurance joined-wing aircraft,and wind tunnel tests are *** test results verify the credibility of the design model proposed and the validity of the design environment.

关键词： Joined-wing configuration Aircraft design Aero-structural design Finite element Wind tunnel test

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Recent advancements in continuously scalable conversion-ratio switched-capacitor converter

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第4期45卷 8-11页

作者： mo Huang Yuanfei Wang Rui P.martins Yan lu State Key laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VlSI Institute of MicroelectronicsUniversity of MacaoMacaoChina

Switched-capacitor(SC)DC-DC converter[1]is an impor-tant alternative to inductive DC-DC converter,in terms of removing the bulky power ***,it is widely used in low-profile,low-power applications,such as the internet of things(IoT)sensor nodes and energy harvesting[2].Mean-while,considering that capacitor has a much higher energy density than inductor,high-power applications.

关键词： converter switched removing

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Regulated polarization degree of upconversion luminescence and multiple anti-counterfeit applications

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2172-2183页

作者： Dong-Ping Wen Ping Chen Yi liang Xiao-Ming mo Cao-Feng Pan Center On Nanoenergy Research Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic AstrophysicsSchool of Physical Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Key laboratory of Micronano Energy and Sensor CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100140China

Polarization upconversion luminescence(PUCl)of lanthanide ions(ln^(3+))has been widely used in single particle tracking,microfluidics detection,three-dimensional displays,and so ***,no effective strategy has been developed for modulating *** we report a strategy to regulate PUCl in Ho^(3+)-doped NaYF4single nanorods based on the number of upconversion *** constructing a multiphoton upconversion system for Ho^(3+),we regulate the degree of polarization(DOP)of PUCl from 0.590 for two-photon luminescence to 0.929 for three-photon upconversion luminescence(UCl).Furthermore,our strategy is verified from cross-relaxation between Ho^(3+)and Yb^(3+),excitation wavelength,excitation power density,and local site *** this regulation strategy of PUCl has also been achieved in Tm^(3+),with the DOP ranging from 0.233 for two-photon luminescence to 0.925 for four-photon UCl Besides,multi-dimensional anti-counterfeiting display has been explored with *** work provides an effective strategy for regulating PUCl and also provides more opportunities for the development of polarization display optical encoding,anti-counterfeiting,and integrated optical devices.

关键词： Polarization upconversion luminescence Degree of polarization Population density of excited state Number of upconversion photons Polarization anti-counterfeitingdisplay

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Unconfined compressive strength and failure behaviour of completely weathered granite from a fault zone

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Journal of mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 2140-2158页

作者： DU Shaohua ma Jinyin ma liyao ZHAO Yaqian School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023China School of Resources and Safety Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China China Railway 18th Bureau Group Co. LtdTianjin 300222 China China General Nuclear Power Corporation Shenzhen 518031China

Understanding the strength characteristics and deformation behaviour of the tunnel surrounding rock in a fault zone is significant for tunnel stability *** this study,a series of unconfined compression tests were conducted to investigate the mechanical characteristics and failure behaviour of completely weathered granite(CWG)from a fault zone,considering with height-diameter(h/d)ratio,dry densities(ρd)and moisture contents(ω).Based on the experimental results,a regression mathematical model of unconfined compressive strength(UCS)for CWG was developed using the Multiple Nonlinear Regression method(MNlR).The research results indicated that the UCS of the specimen with a h/d ratio of 0.6 decreased with the increase ofω.When the h/d ratio increased to 1.0,the UCS increasedωwith up to 10.5%and then ***ρd is conducive to the improvement of the UCS at anyω.The deformation and rupture process as well as final failure modes of the specimen are controlled by h/d ratio,ρd andω,and the h/d ratio is the dominant factor affecting the final failure mode,followed byωandρ*** specimens with different h/d ratio exhibited completely different fracture mode,i.e.,typical splitting failure(h/d=0.6)and shear failure(h/d=1.0).By comparing the experimental results,this regression model for predicting UCS is accurate and reliable,and the h/d ratio is the dominant factor affecting the UCS of CWG,followed byρd and thenω.These findings provide important references for maintenance of the tunnel crossing other fault fractured zones,especially at low confining pressure or unconfined condition.

关键词： Fault fracture zone Completely weathered granite(CWG) Unconfined compression strength(UCS) Multiple nonlinear regression model

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Mitigate noisy data for smart IoT via GAN based machine unlearning

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 62-78页

作者： Zhuo ma Yilong YANG Yang lIU Xinjing lIU Jianfeng ma School of Cyber Engineering Xidian University State Key laboratory of Integrated Services Networks (ISN)

With the development of IoT applications, machine learning dramatically improves the utility of variable IoT systems such as autonomous driving. Although the pretrain-finetune framework can cope well with data heterogeneity in complex IoT scenarios, the data collected by sensors often contain unexpected noisy data, e.g., out-of-distribution(OOD) data, which leads to the reduced performance of fine-tuned models. To resolve the problem, this paper proposes Mu GAN, a method that can mitigate the side-effect of OOD data via the generative adversarial network(GAN)-based machine unlearning. Mu GAN follows a straightforward but effective idea to mitigate the performance loss caused by OOD data, i.e., “flashbacking” the model to the condition where OOD data are excluded from model training. To achieve the goal, we design an adversarial game, where a discriminator is trained to identify whether a sample belongs to the training set by observing the confidence score. Meanwhile, a generator(i.e., the target model) is updated to fool the discriminator into believing that the OOD data are not included in the training set but others do. The experimental results show that benefiting from the high unlearning rate(more than 90%) and retention rate(99%), Mu GAN succeeds in lowering the model performance degradation caused by OOD data from 5.88% to 0.8%.

关键词： machine unlearning generative adversarial network out of distribution data Internet of Thing neural network

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Unveiling field-coupled nanocomputing:leaning molecules to shape readable bits

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8447-8454页

作者： Yuri Ardesi Giuliana Beretta Fabrizio mo Chiara Elfi Spano Gianluca Piccinini mariagrazia Graziano Corso Duca degli Abruzzi Department of Electronics and TelecommunicationsPolitecnico di TorinoTurin 10129Italy Corso Duca degli Abruzzi Department of Applied Science and TechnologyPolitecnico di TorinoTurin 10129Italy

molecular field-coupled nanocomputing(molFCN)encodes information in the molecule charge distribution and elaborates it through electrostatic *** the advantageous sub-nanometric size and low-power dissipation,only a few attempts have been made to validate the technology *** of the obstacles is the difficulty in measuring molecule charges to validate information encoding or integrate molFCN with complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor(CmoS).In this work,we propose a paradigm preserving the advantages of molFCN,which exploits the position of waiving molecules to augment the information *** validate the paradigm,named bend-boosted molFCN,with density functional theory using 6-(ferrocenyl)hexanethiol *** demonstrate that the encoded information can be electrically read by constituting a molecular *** paradigm is compatible with the charge-based molFCN,thus acting as a readout *** obtained results favor the experimental assessment of the molFCN principle through scanning probe microscopy techniques and the design of molFCN-CmoS heterogeneous circuits.

关键词： nanoelectronics molecular electronics field-coupled nanocomputing electronics beyond-complementary-metal-oxidesemiconductor(CmoS)

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Enhancing capacitive deionization performance and cyclic stability of nitrogen-doped activated carbon by the electro-oxidation of anode materials

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第5期69卷 23-33页

作者： Xiaona liu Baohua Zhao Yanyun Hu luyue Huang Jingxiang ma Shuqiao Xu Zhonglin Xia Xiaoying ma Shuangchen ma School of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003China Huadian Zhengzhou machinery Design and Research Institute Co. LtdZhengzhou 450002China Huadian Inner mongolia Energy Co. Ltd.Baotou Power Generation BranchBaotou 014013China

Electrode materials with high desalination capacity and long-term cyclic stability are the focus of capacitive deionization(CDI) community. Understanding the causes of performance decay in traditional carbons is crucial to design a high-performance material. Based on this, here, nitrogen-doped activated carbon(NAC) was prepared by pyrolyzing the blend of activated carbon powder(ACP) and melamine for the positive electrode of asymmetric CDI. By comparing the indicators changes such as conductivity, salt adsorption capacity, pH, and charge efficiency of the symmetrical ACP-ACP device to the asymmetric ACP-NAC device under different CDI cycles, as well as the changes of the electrochemical properties of anode and cathode materials after long-term operation, the reasons for the decline of the stability of the CDI performance were revealed. It was found that the carboxyl functional groups generated by the electro-oxidation of anode carbon materials make the anode zero-charge potential(E_(pzc)) shift positively,which results in the uneven distribution of potential windows of CDI units and affects the adsorption capacity. Furthermore, by understanding the electron density on C atoms surrounding the N atoms, we attribute the increased cyclic stability to the enhanced negativity of the charge of carbon atoms adjacent to quaternary-N and pyridinic-oxide-N.

关键词： Anodic oxidation Capacitive deionization Cyclic stability N-doping

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Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam

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Zoological Systematics 2024年第1期49卷 4-98页

作者： Yejie lin Shuqiang li Haolin mo Xihao Wang Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key laboratory of Wildlife Evolution and Conservation in mountain Ecosystem of Guangxi Nanning Normal UniversityNanning 530001China Jinan licheng No.2 High School Jinan 250109China

Four new genera in three spider families are reported, namely langlibaitiao lin &li, gen. nov., of Dictynidae O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871, with lathys inaffecta li, 2017(♂♀,China: Guangxi) as the type species;Huoyanluo lin & li, gen. nov., of macrobunidae Petrunkevitch, 1928, with Huoyanluo ruanxiaoqi lin & li, sp. nov.(♂, China: Yunnan) as the type species and Gushangzao lin & li, gen. nov. and Gyro lin & li, gen. nov., of Theridiidae Sundevall, 1833, with Gushangzao shiqian lin & li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Xizang) and Gyro zeppeli lin & li, sp. nov.(♀, China: Yunnan) as the type species, respectively. Further 31 new species in 19 spider families are reported, including Agelenidae C.l. Koch, 1837:Troglocoelotes doul lin & li, sp. nov.(♀, China: Guangxi) and T. ruanxiaowu lin & li, ***.(♀, China: Guangxi);Dictynidae: langlibaitiao zhangshun lin & li, sp. nov.(♂, China:Hainan);Hahniidae Bertkau, 1878: Hahnia zhuyifani lin & li, sp. nov.(♀, China: Yunnan);liocranidae Simon, 1897: Platnick xintongi lin & li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Xizang);macrobunidae: Funny yanqing lin & li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Xizang) and Huoyanluo zhangzezhongi lin & li, sp. nov.(♂, China: Yunnan);Mysmenidae Petrunkevitch, 1928:Phricotelus yangxiong lin & li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Chongqing);Nemesiidae Simon, 1889:Raveniola shixiu lin, Wang & li, sp. nov.(♀, China: Guangxi) and R. xiezhen lin, Wang & li,sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Yunnan);Nesticidae Simon,1894: Speleoticus sicet lin & li, sp. nov.(♂♀,China: Sichuan);Ochyroceratidae Fage, 1912: Speocera yiduoi lin & li, sp. nov.(♂, China:Guangdong);Oecobiidae Blackwall, 1862: Uroctea chenyui lin & li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China:Guangxi);Oonopidae Simon, 1890: Orchestina xiebao lin & li, sp. nov.(♀, China:Chongqing);Philodromidae Thorell, 1869: Apollophanes lujiani lin & li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China:Guangxi) and Psellonus dawanqu lin & li, sp. nov.(♂♀, China: Guangdong);Salticidae Blackwall, 1841: Coccorchestes spark lin & li, sp. nov.(♂♀, Indonesia, West Papua),Onomastus zhuwu

关键词： Diagnosis new combination new genus new species Asia.

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Metastability of π-π stacking between the closed-shell ions of like charges

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结构化学 2024年第5期43卷 22-29页

作者： Jiayao li Xinru Peng Shiwei Yin Changwei Wang Yirong mo Key laboratory for macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province School of Chemistry & Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119China Department of Nanoscience Joint School of Nanoscience & NanoengineeringUniversity of North Carolina at GreensboroGreensboroNC 27401USA

Planar cations or anions can form stacks in crystals or solutions,where the surrounding or environment plays a decisive role as demonstrated in previous ***,it remains unclear whether these counterintuitive interactions possess any inherent stability or are thoroughly repulsive if the constraint of environment is *** this work,we explored the inherent stability of π-π stacking between closed-shell ions of like charges with prototypes derived from experimental *** inherent metastability was identified by the characteristic local minima and the transition states preventing their dissociation and verified by ab initio molecular dynamics(AIMD)*** nature of involved interactions was deciphered with the energy decomposition approach based on the block-localized wavefunction method(BlW-ED).like the conventional neutral π-π stacking interactions,electron correlation is the most attractive energy *** it is overturned by the Coulombic repulsion between net charges for all modes of dimerization,resulting in the overall repulsive inter-cation or anion *** from van der Waals interactions were also observed in the reduced density gradient *** origin of the metastability was elucidated by examining the contributions of individual physical factors to the *** inherent metastability originates from the electron correlation,which dramatically increases due to the enhanced overlap between ions from a transition state to its corresponding minimum.

关键词： π-π stacking interactions Metastability Valence bond theory Energy decomposition analysis Electron correlation

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