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Corneal and intraocular pressure changes associated to the circadian rhythms:a narrative review

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第10期17卷 1921-1928页

作者： Laura Barberán-Bernardos MiguelÁngel Ariza-Gracia David p piñero Department of Optics Pharmacology and AnatomyUniversity of AlicanteSan Vicente del Raspeig 03690AlicanteSpain ARtORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research University of BernBern 3008Switzerland Department of Ophthalmology(IMQO-Oftalmar) Vithas Medimar International HospitalAlicante 03016Spain

AIM:to synthesize the current body of research regarding the diurnal variations in intraocular pressure(IOp)and corneal biomechanical and morphological parameters,highlighting their significance in various eye ***:A comprehensive review of studies on the diurnal variations of IOp and corneal parameters was *** findings from various studies were assessed,including the Goldmann applanation tonometry(GAt)and non-contact *** on the variations in central corneal thickness(CCt),corneal curvature,and corneal biomechanics measured by the Ocular Response Analyzer system across different population groups was extracted and ***:In both healthy subjects and those with Fuchs dystrophy,IOp and CCt demonstrate marked diurnal *** remains the gold standard for tonometry,with the highest ***,its measurements are influenced by *** patients and those with pseudoexfoliation showed significant diurnal variations in *** biomechanical parameters,especially corneal hysteresis(CH)and the corneal resistance factor(CRF),largely remain stable throughout the day for most of eye conditions,with some ***,the corneal morphology diurnal variation,particularly curvature,yielded mixed conclusions across ***:Circadian rhythms significantly influence various corneal parameters,most notably IOp and *** studies should emphasize standardized approaches larger sample sizes,and delve deeper into less-explored areas,such as the effects of orthokeratology lenses on diurnal biomechanical shifts.

关键词： circadian rhythms intraocular pressure corneal thickness corneal biomechanics corneal curvature

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Bioactivity enhancement by Sr doped Zn-Ca-p coatings on biomedical magnesium alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2019年第4期7卷 584-596页

作者： p.Amaravathy t.S.Sampath Kumar Medical Materials Laboratory Department of Metallurgical and Materials EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai 600036India

the effect of strontium doped Zn-Ca-p(ZCp)coating by chemical conversion technique on the biodegradation of AZ31 alloy was *** coating formed with 1.5 wt.%Sr and 20 min phosphating time at 50℃ with pH 2.5 completely covers the alloy *** Sr doped coated sample also showed very low evolved hydrogen gas and pH change than the ZCp coatings suggested that the degradation of the alloy was extremely *** in vitro bioactivity studies in simulated body fluid exhibits deposition of calcium phosphate phases with Ca/p ratio of 1.55 which is close to that of hydroxyapatite,mineral component of *** evaluation with L929 cells showed higher cell viability of the Sr doped coatings compared to ZCp coatings.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Zinc calcium phosphate Biocompatibility Corrosion Strontium Cell viability

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Examining the“revisability”benefit of hip resurfacing arthroplasty

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第6期15卷 554-559页

作者： Jose George Adam J taylor thomas p Schmalzried Department of Orthopedics Harbor UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCA 90509United States

BACKGROUND Hip resurfacing arthroplasty(HRA)is an alternative to total hip arthroplasty(tHA)that is typically reserved for young active patients because it preserves ***,the benefits of HRA only hold true if conversion tHA after failed HRA provides acceptable *** to compare patient reported outcomes for conversion tHA after HRA failure to primary *** A retrospective review of 36 patients(37 hips)that underwent conversion tHA for failed HRA between October 2006 and May 2019 by a single surgeon was *** reported outcomes[modified Harris Hip Score(mHHS),University of California Los Angeles(UCLA)activity score]were obtained via an email-based responder-anonymous *** were compared to normative data of a primary tHA cohort with similar *** analysis was performed comparing outcomes of conversion tHA for adverse local tissue reaction(ALtR)vs all other causes for *** the study group had a lower mHHS than the control group(81.7±13.8 vs 90.2±11.6,pth groups had similar UCLA activity levels(7.5±2.3 vs 7.2±1.6,p=0.51).patients that underwent conversion for non-AtLR causes had similar mHHS(85.2±11.5 vs 90.2±11.6,p=0.11)and higher UCLA activity levels(8.5±1.8 vs 7.2±1.6,ppared to the control *** that underwent conversion for AtLR had worse mHHS(77.1±14.5 vs 90.2±11.6,ptivity levels(6.1±2.3 vs 7.2±1.6,p=0.05)when compared to the control *** patient outcomes equivalent to primary tHA can be achieved following HRA conversion to ***,inferior outcomes were demonstrated for ALtR-related HRA *** selection and perhaps further studies examining alternative HRA bearing surfaces should be considered.

关键词： total hip arthroplasty Hip resurfacing arthroplasty Conversion total hip arthroplasty Adverse local tissue reaction patient reported outcome measures

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创新科学结构图谱对中美基础研究影响技术创新的揭示

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中国科学院院刊 2024年第3期39卷 588-600页

作者：陈挺冷伏海李国鹏王小梅中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院北京100190

文章利用科学结构图谱分析方法首次绘制了创新科学结构图谱,以被专利引用的基本科学指标数据库(ESI)高被引论文为数据基础,揭示了世界前沿基础研究对技术创新发展的影响情况;发现其中对技术创新发展起到推动作用的热点方向,并对比中美... 详细信息

文章利用科学结构图谱分析方法首次绘制了创新科学结构图谱,以被专利引用的基本科学指标数据库(ESI)高被引论文为数据基础,揭示了世界前沿基础研究对技术创新发展的影响情况;发现其中对技术创新发展起到推动作用的热点方向,并对比中美两国在这些热点方向上的表现,为科学决策提供有效的数据支撑。分析发现:被专利引用较高的论文主要集中在新生物技术与生物医疗技术、新兴信息技术、能源与材料这些可能引发颠覆性技术创新的基础研究领域;中国被专利引用的高被引论文增势明显,5年累计增长超过60%,但数量还是不到美国的50%;中国在不少与技术创新关联紧密的热点研究方向中的论文数量高于美国,但被专利引用的论文数量却通常低于美国;美国影响技术创新的基础研究内容更多的是引领产业变革方面的研发活动,并且有大量企业参与。

关键词：创新图谱专利引用论文基础研究高被引论文技术创新

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Entropy optimization on Casson nanofluid flow with radiation and Arrhenius activation energy over different geometries:A numerical and statistical approach

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propulsion and power Research 2024年第3期13卷 375-393页

作者： M.priya p.Bala Anki Reddy Department of Mathematics S.A.S.Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore 632014India

this study employs numerical and statistical approaches to investigate the entropy optimization of steady Casson nanofluidflow over three different geometries subject to boundary conditions induced by *** linear regression is employed to statistically *** present model incorporates several novel elements,such as Arrhenius activation energy,Brownian motion,the Cattaneo-Christov dualflux,thermophoresis,thermal radiation,and so ***,a comparison is presented between Newtonian and *** applying the proper similarity transformations,ordinary differential equations(ODEs)are ob-tained by converting foundational partial differential equations(pDEs).the Runge-Kutta fourth-order method is utilised to solve the obtained ODEs along with the shooting *** out-comes are visually depicted via tables and *** velocity drops with increasing Grashof number,and the magneticfield becomes progressively more forceful as the suction parameter *** temperature gets reduced with the increase of the suction parameter,solute Grashof number increases with the magneticfield,thermophoresis,and radiation *** entropy is observed to rise with the increase of the effective parameters(magneticfield,Brinkmann num-ber and radiation).the MAD(mean absolute deviation),MSE(mean squared error),and RMSE(root mean square error)values are approaching zero,indicating that the derived outcomes are highly accurate.A lower MApE(mean absolute percentage error)suggests that the model has a higher level of ***,the outcomes of the present model are more precise and *** study has various potential applications such as power plant heat exchangers,material processing industries,and solar thermal energy systems.

关键词： Cassonfluid Arrhenius activation energy Entropy generation thermophoresis Multiple linear regression

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Kentish plover(Charadrius alexandrinus) and Little tern(Sternula albifrons) prefer shells for nesting:A field experiment

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Avian Research 2024年第1期15卷 55-59页

作者： Macarena Castro Andrés De la Cruz Nuria Martin-Sanjuan Alejandro pérez-Hurtado Instituto Universitario de Investigacion Marina(INMAR) Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar(CEIMAR)Departamento de BiologíaUniversidad de CadizPuerto RealSpain Servicios centrales de Investigacion Salinas de la Esperanza Universidad de CadizPuerto RealSpain

Shorebird populations are declining worldwide,mainly due to human disturbances and loss of coastal ***,supratidal habitats as saltpans could play a role in buffering human *** have shown to be important as feeding or breeding sites of some shorebird species.A potential conservation strategy to increase shorebird populations in saltpans is to manipulate the cues that birds use to select optimal breeding *** it is hypothesized that shorebirds are attracted to bivalve shells due to the advantages they *** this hypothesis,we supplemented a restored saltpan in 2019 and 2021 with bivalve shells,expecting an increase in the number of breeding birds’ *** than 75% of Kentish plover(Charadrius alexandrinus) and Little tern(Sternula albifrons) nests were found in patches with shells in both *** best model for both species indicates that the presence of shells is the factor that most correlates with the location of *** probability of choosing one place over another to settle their nest increases in areas with an abundance of shells,double in the case of the Kentish plover and triple in the case of the Little *** result of this study may constitute a valuable tool for attracting birds to restored saltpans and could contribute to the success of expensive restoration projects where time is usually a constraint.

关键词： Habitat management Nest site selection Saltpan restoration Shell supplementation Shorebirds

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Computation of flow through the oesophagogastric junction

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第9期13卷 1360-1364页

作者： Barry p mcmahon Karl D Odie Kenneth W Moloney Hans Gregersen Department of Medical physics and Clinical Engineering Adelaide and Meath Hospital Dublin Incorporating the National Children’s Hospital Tallaght Dublin 24Ireland IMed Centre Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Technology Tallaght Dublin 24 Ireland Center for Visceral Biomechanics and pain Aalborg Hospital Aalborg DK-9100 DenmarkIMed Centre Institute of Technology Tallaght Dublin 24 Ireland

Whilst methods exist to indirectly measure the effects of increased flow or gastro-oesophageal refluxing, they cannot quantitatively measure the amount of acid travelling back up into the oesophagus during reflux, nor can they indicate the flow rate through the oesophagogastric junction (OGJ). Since OGJ dysfunction affects flow it seems most appropriate to describe the geometry of the OGJ and its effect on the flow. A device known as the functional lumen imaging probe (FLIp) has been shown to reliably measure the geometry of and pressure changes in the OGJ. FLIp cannot directly measure flow but the data gathered from the probe can be used to model flow through the junction by using computational flow dynamics (CFD). CFD uses a set of equations known as the Navier-Stokes equations to predict flow patterns and is a technique widely used in engineering. these equations are complex and require appropriate assumptions to provide simplifications before useful data can be obtained. With the assumption that the cross-sectional areas obtained via FLIp are circular, the radii of these circles can be obtained. A cubic interpolation scheme can then be applied to give a high-resolution geometry for the OGJ. In the case of modelling a reflux scenario, it can be seen that at the narrowest section a jet of fluid squirts into the oesophagus at a higher velocity than the fluid surrounding it. this jet has a maximum velocity of almost 2 ms-1 that occurs where the OGJ is at its narrowest. this simple prediction of acid ‘squirting’ into the oesophagusillustrates how the use of numerical methods can be used to develop a better understanding of the OGJ. this initial work using CFD shows some considerable promise for the future.

关键词： Computational flow dynamics model Oesophagus

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Radioisotope production using lasers:From basic science to applications

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 31-44页

作者： M.R.D.Rodrigues A.Bonasera M.Scisciò J.A.pérez-Hernández M.Ehret F.Filippi p.L.Andreoli M.Huault H.Larreur D.Singappuli D.Molloy D.Raffestin M.Alonzo G.G.Rapisarda D.Lattuada G.L.Guardo C.Verona Fe.Consoli G.petringa A.McNamee M.La Cognata S.palmerini t.Carriere M.Cipriani G.Di Giorgio G.Cristofari R.De Angelis G.A.p.Cirrone D.Margarone L.Giuffrida D.Batani p.Nicolai K.Batani R.Lera L.Volpe D.Giulietti S.Agarwal M.Krupka S.Singh Fa.Consoli Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77840USA Laboratori Nazionali del Sud Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(LNS-INFN)CataniaItaly ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department-CFrascatiItaly Centro de Láseres pulsados(clpu) VillamayorSpain Universidad de Salamanca SalamancaSpain Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications(CELIA) Universitéde BordeauxCNRSCEATalenceFrance HB11 Energy Holdings pty FreshwaterNew South WalesAustralia School of Mathematics and physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia“E.Majorana ”Università di CataniaCataniaItaly Facoltàdi Ingegneria e Architettura Universitàdegli Studi di Enna“Kore”EnnaItaly Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universitàdi Roma“Tor Vergata”RomaItaly Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia Universitàdegli Studi di PerugiaPerugiaItaly Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di PerugiaPerugiaItaly ELI Beamlines Facility the Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolni BrezanyCzech Republic EtSIA Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain Dipartimento Fisica “E.Fermi”Universitàdi Pisa and INFNPisaItaly FZU–Institute of physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic Institute of plasma physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic

the discovery of chirped pulse amplification has led to great improvements in laser technology,enabling energetic laser beams to be compressed to pulse durations of tens of femtoseconds and focused to a few *** with energies of tens of MeV can be accelerated using,for instance,target normal sheath acceleration and focused on secondary *** such conditions,nuclear reactions can occur,with the production of radioisotopes suitable for medical *** use of high-repetition lasers to produce such isotopes is competitive with conventional methods mostly based on *** this paper,we study the production of^(67)Cu,^(63)Zn,^(18)F,and^(11)C,which are currently used in positron emission tomography and other *** the same time,we study the reactions^(10)B(p,α)^(7)Be and^(70)Zn(p,4n)^(67)Ga to put further constraints on the proton distributions at different angles,as well as the reaction^(11)B(p,α)^(8)Be relevant for energy *** experiment was performed at the 1 pW laser facility at VegaⅢin Salamanca,*** distributions of radioisotopes in the forward(with respect to the laser direction)and backward directions were measured using a high purity germanium *** results are in reasonable agreement with numerical estimates obtained following the approach of Kimura and Bonasera[*** ***.,Sect.A 637,164–170(2011)].

关键词： purity estimates backward

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the initial stages of Li_(2)O_(2) formation during oxygen reduction reaction in Li-O_(2) batteries:the significance of Li_(2)O_(2) in charge-transfer reactions within devices

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 223-231,I0006页

作者： Daniela M.Josepetti Bianca p.Sousa Simone A.J.Rodrigues Renato G.Freitas Gustavo Doubek Advanced Energy Storage Division LABCenter for Innovation on New EnergiesSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of CampinasAv Albert Einstein 50013083-852CampinasSPBrazil Institute of physics&Department of Chemistry Laboratory of Computational MaterialsFederal University of Mato Grosso78060-900CuiabáMTBrazil

Lithium-oxygen batteries are a promising technology because they can greatly surpass the energy density of lithium-ion ***,this theoretical characteristic has not yet been converted into a real device with high *** with air contamination,metallic lithium reactivity,and complex discharge and charge reactions are the main issues for this technology.A fast and reversible oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is crucial for good performance of secondary batteries',but the partial knowledge of its mechanisms,especially when devices are concerned,hinders further *** this perspective,the present work uses operando Raman experiments and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)to assess the first stages of the discharge processes in porous carbon electrodes,following their changes cycle by cycle at initial operation.A growth kinetic formation of the discharge product signal(Li_(2)O_(2))was observed with operando Raman,indicating a first-order reaction and enabling an analysis by a microkinetic *** solution mechanism in the evaluated system was ascribed for an equivalent circuit with three time *** the time constant for the anode interface reveals to remain relatively constant after the first discharge,its surface seemed to be more *** model indicated that the reaction occurs at the Li_(2)O_(2) surface,decreasing the associated resistance during the initial discharge ***,the growth of Li_(2)O_(2) forms a hetero-phase between Li_(2)O_(2)/electrolyte,while creating a more compact and homogeneous on the Li_(2)O_(2)/cathode *** methodology here described thus offers a way of directly probing changes in surface chemistry evolution during cycling from a device through EIS analysis.

关键词： Li-O_(2)battery Operando Raman analysis Equivalent circuit modeling time-constant distribution

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Development,validation,and transportability of several machine-learned,non-exercise-based VO_(2max)prediction models for older adults

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 611-620页

作者： Benjamin t.Schumacher Michael J.LaMonte Andrea Z.LaCroix Eleanor M.Simonsick Steven p.Hooker Humberto parada Jr. John Bellettiere Arun Kumar Herbert Wertheim School of public Health and Human Longevity Science University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at BuffaloState University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14214USA translational Gerontology Branch Intramural Research ProgramNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMD 21225USA College of Health and Human Services San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthSan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center La JollaCA 92093USA Computer Science and Engineering and Halicioglu Data Science Institute University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

Background:there exist few maximal oxygen uptake(VO_(2max))non-exercise-based prediction equations,fewer using machine learning(ML),and none specifically for older *** direct measurement of VO_(2max)is infeasible in large epidemiologic cohort studies,we sought to develop,validate,compare,and assess the transportability of several ML VO_(2max)prediction ***:the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging(BLSA)participants with valid VO2_(max)tests were included(n=1080).Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and support vector machine(SVM)algorithms were trained to predict VO_(2max)*** developed these algorithms for:(a)the overall BLSA,(b)by sex,(c)using all BLSA variables,and(d)variables common in aging ***,we quantified the associations between measured and predicted VO_(2max)and ***:the age was 69.0±10.4 years(mean±SD)and the measured VO_(2max)was 21.6±5.9 mL/kg/*** absolute shrinkage and selection operator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and support vector machine yielded root mean squared errors of 3.4 mL/kg/min,3.6 mL/kg/min,3.4 mL/kg/min,3.6 mL/kg/min,and 3.5 mL/kg/min,*** quartiles of measured VO_(2max)showed an inverse gradient in mortality *** VO_(2max)variables yielded similar effect estimates but were not robust to ***:Measured VO_(2max)is a strong predictor of *** ML can improve the accuracy of prediction as compared to simpler approaches but estimates of association with mortality remain sensitive to *** studies should seek to reproduce these results so that VO_(2max),an important vital sign,can be more broadly studied as a modifiable target for promoting functional resiliency and healthy aging.

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness prediction algorithms Epidemiology Mortality

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