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Nitrite sensor using activated biochar synthesised by microwave-assisted

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2023年第1期5卷 1-11页

作者： Scarlett Allende Yang Liu muhammad Adeel zafar mohan V.Jacob Electronics material Lab College of Science and EngineeringJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleQLD4811Australia College of Science and Engineering James Cook UniversityTownsvilleQLD4811Australia

Developing applications for the by-products obtained from waste processing is vital for resource *** synthesis of ZnCl2-activated biochar with high electrocatalytic activity was carried out by the microwave-assisted pyrolysis of pineapple peel and subsequent chemical activation *** biochar is employed in the electrochemical sensing of nitrite by drop casting in a glassy carbon electrode(GCE).The activated biochar exhibited a stacked carbon sheet,254 m2 g−1 Brunauer,Emmett and Teller(BET)surface area,0.076 cm3 g−1 pore volume,189.53 m2 g−1 micropore area and oxygen-containing functional *** electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of the modified GCE showed a reduced charge transfer resistance of 61%.This is crucial to determine the electrochemical properties of *** sensor showed a significant current response and an excellent limit of detection of 0.97µmol L−*** modified-activated biochar electrochemical sensor demonstrated high selectivity,reproducibility(RSD=2.4%),and stability(RSD=2.6%).

关键词： microwave-assisted pyrolysis Biochar Nitrite Electrochemical sensor

Nanoparticle Shape Effect on a Sodium–Alginate Based Cu–Nanofluid under a Transverse magnetic Field

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Fluid Dynamics & materials Processing 2023年第7期19卷 1875-1896页

作者： Samia Rani H.A.m.Al–Sharifi mohammad S.Zannon Abid Hussanan zafar Ullah Department of mathematics Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahore54000Pakistan Department of mathematics College of Education for Pure SciencesUniversity of KerbalaKerbala1125Iraq Department of mathematics Faculty of ScienceTafila Technical University(TTU)Al-IessTafila66110Jordan

Sodium-alginate(SA)based nanofluids represent a new generation of fluids with improved performances in terms of heat *** work examines the influence of the nanoparticle shape on a non–Newtonian viscoplastic Cu–nanofluid pertaining to this *** particular,a stretching/shrinking sheet subjected to a transverse magnetic field is *** proposed Cu–nanofluid consists of four different nanoparticles having different shapes,namely bricks,cylinders,platelets,and blades dispersed in a mixture of sodium alginate with Prandtl number Pr=*** similarity transformations are employed to reduce non–linear PDEs into a system of ODEs and these equations and related boundary conditions are solved numerically by means of a Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg(RKF)***,analytical solutions are obtained through the application of a mAPLE built–in differential equation solver(Dsolve).The behavior of prominent parameters against velocity and temperature is *** is found that the temperature increases for all shapes of nanoparticles with the viscoplastic parameter and the Eckert number.

关键词： Nanofluid magnetic field viscous dissipation Dsolve

Automated Grading of Breast Cancer Histopathology Images Using multilayered Autoencoder

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Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 3407-3423页

作者： Shakra mehak m.Usman Ashraf Rabia zafar Ahmed m.Alghamdi Ahmed S.Alfakeeh Fawaz Alassery Habib Hamam muhammad Shafiq Knowledge Unit of System and Technology University of Management&TechnologySialkot Campus51310Pakistan Department of Computer Science University of Management and TechnologySialkot Campus51310Pakistan Faculty of Computing and Technology University of Engineering&TechnologyNarowal51610Pakistan College of Computer Science and Engineering University of Jeddah21493Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaifSaudi Arabia Faculty of Engineering Moncton UniversityNBE1A3E9Canada Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Korea

Breast cancer(BC)is the most widely recognized cancer in women *** 2018,627,000 women had died of breast cancer(World Health Organization Report 2018).To diagnose BC,the evaluation of tumours is achieved by analysis of histological *** present,the Nottingham Bloom Richardson framework is the least expensive approach used to grade BC *** contemplate three elements,*** count,*** formation,and *** atypia,which is a laborious process that witness’s variations in expert’s ***,some algorithms have been proposed for the detection of mitotic cells,but nuclear atypia in breast cancer histopathology has not received much *** atypia analysis is performed not only to grade BC but also to provide critical information in the discrimination of normal breast,non-invasive breast(usual ductal hyperplasia,atypical ductal hyperplasia)and pre-invasive breast(ductal carcinoma in situ)and invasive breast *** proposed a deep-stacked multi-layer autoencoder ensemble with a softmax layer for the feature extraction and classification *** classification results show the value of the multilayer autoencoder model in the evaluation of nuclear *** proposed method has indicated promising results,making them more fit in breast cancer grading.

关键词： Breast cancer nuclear atypia autoencoder

A U-Net-Based CNN model for Detection and Segmentation of Brain Tumor

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Computers, materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 1333-1349页

作者： Rehana Ghulam Sammar Fatima Tariq Ali Nazir Ahmad zafar Abdullah A.Asiri Hassan A.Alshamrani Samar m.Alqhtani Khlood m.mehdar Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadSahiwal CampusSahiwal57000Pakistan Radiological Sciences Department College of applied medical sciencesNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information SystemsNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Anatomy Department Medicine CollegeNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia

Human brain consists of millions of cells to control the overall structure of the human *** these cells start behaving abnormally,then brain tumors *** and initial stage brain tumor detection has always been an issue in the field of medicines for medical *** handle this issue,various deep learning techniques for brain tumor detection and segmentation techniques have been developed,which worked on different datasets to obtain fruitful results,but the problem still exists for the initial stage of detection of brain tumors to save human *** this purpose,we proposed a novel U-Net-based Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)technique to detect and segmentizes the brain tumor for magnetic Resonance Imaging(mRI).moreover,a 2-dimensional publicly available multimodal Brain Tumor Image Segmentation(BRATS2020)dataset with 1840 mRI images of brain tumors has been used having an image size of 240×240 *** initial dataset preprocessing the proposed model is trained by dividing the dataset into three parts i.e.,testing,training,and validation *** model attained an accuracy value of 0.98%on the BRATS2020 dataset,which is the highest one as compared to the already existing techniques.

关键词： U-net brain tumor magnetic resonance images convolutional neural network segmentation

Effect of measurement Error on the multivariate CUSUm Control Chart for Compositional Data

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第8期136卷 1207-1257页

作者： muhammad Imran Jinsheng Sun Fatima Sehar Zaidi Zameer Abbas Hafiz zafar Nazir School of Automation Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China School of Economics and Statistics Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou510006China Department of mathematics and Statistics East China Normal UniversityShanghai200062China Department of Statistics Government Ambala Muslim Graduate CollegeSargodha40100Pakistan Department of Statistics University of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan

Control charts(CCs)are one of the main tools in Statistical Process Control that have been widely adopted in manufacturing sectors as an effective strategy for malfunction detection throughout the previous *** errors(m.E’s)are involved in the quality characteristic of interest,which can effect the CC’s *** authors explored the impact of a linearmodel with additive covariate m.E on the multivariate cumulative sum(CUSUm)CC for a specific kind of data known as compositional data(CoDa).The average run length(ARL)is used to assess the performance of the proposed *** results indicate that m.E’s significantly affects themultivariate *** authors haveused themarkov chainmethod to study the impact of different involved parameters using six different cases for the variance-covariance matrix(VCm)(i.e.,uncorrelated with equal variances,uncorrelated with unequal variances,positively correlated with equal variances,positively correlated with unequal variances,negatively correlatedwith equal variances and negatively correlated with unequal variances).The authors concluded that the error VCm has a negative impact on the performance of themultivariate CUSUm-CoDa CC,as the ARL increases with an increase in the value of the error *** subgroup size m and powering operator b positively impact the proposed CC,as the ARL decreases with an increase in m or *** number of variables p also has a negative impact on the performance of the proposed CC,as the values of ARL increase with an increase in *** the implementation of the proposal,two illustrated examples have been reported formultivariate CUSUm-CoDaCCs inthe presence ofm.E’*** themanufacturingprocessof uncoated aspirin tablets,and the other is based on monitoring the machines involved in the muesli manufacturing process.

关键词： mCUSUm chart CoDa measurement error manufacturing process performance

Density functional theory study of structural,electronic,and thermal properties of Pt,Pd,Rh,Ir,Os and PtPdX(X=Ir,Os,and Rh)alloys

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第3期25卷 298-306页

作者： Shabbir Ahmed muhammad zafar m Shakilt m A Choudhary Simulation Laboratory Department of Physicsthe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur 63100Pakistan o Department of Physics Hafiz Hayat CampusUniversity of GujratGujrat 50700Pakistan

The structural, electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties of Pt, Pd, Rh, Ir, Os metals and their alloys PtPdX （X = Ir, Os and Rh） are studied systematically using ab initio density functional theory. The groundstate properties such as lattice constant and bulk modulus are calculated to find the equilibrium atomic position for stable alloys. The electronic band structure and density of states are calculated to study the electronic behavior of metals on making their alloys. The electronic properties substantiate the metallic behavior for all studied materials. The firstprinciples density functional perturbation theory as implemented in quasi-harmonic approximation is used for the calculations of thermal properties. We have calculated the thermal properties such as the Debye temperature, vibrational energy, entropy and constant-volume specific heat. The calculated properties are compared with the previously reported experimental and theoretical data for metals and are found to be in good agreement. Calculated results for alloys could not be compared because there is no data available in the literature with such alloy composition.

关键词： electronic structural and thermal properties platinum group metals

Prediction model of volume average diameter and analysis of atomization characteristics in electrostatic atomization minimum quantity lubrication

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摩擦:英文版 2023年第11期11卷 2107-2131页

作者： Dongzhou JIA Changhe LI Jiahao LIU Yanbin ZHANG min YANG Teng GAO zafar SAID Shubham SHARmA School of mechanical&Automotive Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266520China College of mechanical Engineering and Automation Liaoning University of TechnologyJinzhou 121001China State Key Laboratory of Ultra-precision machining Technology Department of Industrial and Systems EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China College of Engineering University of SharjahSharjah 27272United Arab Emirates mechanical Engineering Department University Center for Research and DevelopmentChandigarh UniversityMohaliPunjab 144603India

minimum quantity lubrication(mQL)is a relatively efficient and clean alternative to flooding workpiece *** atomization has the merits of small droplet diameter,high uniformity of droplet size,and strong coating,hence its superiority to pneumatic ***,as the current research hotspot,the influence of jet parameters and electrical parameters on the average diameter of droplets is not ***,by observing the shape of the liquid film at the nozzle outlet,the influence law of air pressure and voltage on liquid film thickness(h)and transverse and longitudinal fluctuations are ***,the mathematical model of charged droplet volume average diameter(VAD)is constructed based on three dimensions of the liquid film,namely its thickness,transverse wavelength(λ_(h)),and longitudinal wavelength(λ_(z)).The model results under different working conditions are obtained by numerical *** of the model results with the experimental VAD of the droplet confirm the error of the mathematical model to be less than 10%.The droplet diameter distribution span value Rosin–Rammler distribution span(R.S)and percentage concentrations of Pm10(particle size of less than 10μm)/Pm2.5(particle size of less than 2.5μm)under different working conditions are further *** results show that electrostatic atomization not only reduces the diameter distribution span of atomized droplets but also significantly inhibits the formation of Pm10 and Pm2.5 fine-suspension *** the air pressure is 0.3 mPa,and the voltage is 40 kV,the percentage concentrations of Pm10 and Pm2.5 can be reduced by 80.72%and 92.05%,respectively,compared with that under the pure pneumatic atomization condition at 0.3 mPa.

关键词： minimum quantity lubrication(mQL) electrostatic atomization volume average diameter(VAD) atomization characteristics

Comparison of Fission Induced by Protons and Pions

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第8期28卷 58-60页

作者： zafar Yasin m.Ikram Shahzad Physics Division PINSTECHP.O.NiloreIslamabadPakistan

We compare the properties of fission induced by protons and *** different methodologies are used to make this ***,it is shown that pion-induced fission cross sections are not much different in magnitude from proton-induced fission cross sections at the same beam kinetic ***,across the pion-nucleon(3,3)resonance so prominent with free nucleons,it has been observed that there is no significant change in the reaction mechanism in the case of ***,it is noted that an empirical expression used for evaluations of proton-induced fission cross sections is also valid for positive pion-induced fission cross sections,at least for actinide *** cross sections computed using a cascade-exciton model code for ^(209)Bi and ^(238)U are also compared with the experimental data available.

关键词： energy beam kinetic

Analytical wave solutions of an electronically and biologically important model via two efficient schemes

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第11期32卷 269-278页

作者： Qingbo Huang Asim.zafar m.Raheel Ahmet Bekir Chongqing College of Architecture and Technology Chongqing 40133China Department of mathematics COMSATS University IslamabadVehari CampusPakistan Neighbourhood of Akcaglan marli treetNo.28/4Eskisehir 26030Turkey

We search for analytical wave solutions of an electronically and biologically important model named as the Fitzhugh–Nagumo model with truncated m-fractional derivative, in which the expafunction and extended sinh-Gordon equation expansion(ESh GEE) schemes are utilized. The solutions obtained include dark, bright, dark-bright, periodic and other kinds of solitons. These analytical wave solutions are gained and verified with the use of mathematica software. These solutions do not exist in literature. Some of the solutions are demonstrated by 2D, 3D and contour graphs. This model is mostly used in circuit theory, transmission of nerve impulses, and population genetics. Finally, both the schemes are more applicable, reliable and significant to deal with the fractional nonlinear partial differential equations.

关键词： spacetime fractional Fitzhugh-Nagumo model truncated m-fractional derivative expa function scheme EShGEE scheme analytical wave solutions