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Chinese Physics b 2024年第9期33卷 637-643页

作者： S X chen m m chen y liu D W Cao G j.chen Department of microelectronics Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Department of Physics Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Guangdong–Hong Kong–macao joint Laboratory for Intelligent micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Foshan UniversityFoshan 528225China

Ferroelectric HfO_(2)has attracted much attention owing to its superior ferroelectricity at an ultra-thin thickness and good compatibility with Si-based complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CmOS)***,the crystallization of polar orthorhombic phase(o-phase)HfO_(2)is less competitive,which greatly limits the ferroelectricity of the as-obtained ferroelectric HfO_(2)thin ***,the crystallization of o-phase HfO_(2)can be thermodynamically modulated via interfacial stress *** this paper,the growth of improved ferroelectric Al doped HfO_(2)(HfO_(2):Al)thin films on(111)-oriented Si substrate has been *** analysis has suggested that nonpolar monoclinic HfO_(2):Al grown on(111)-oriented Si substrate suffered from a strong compressive strain,which promoted the crystallization of(111)-oriented o-phase HfO_(2)in the as-grown HfO_(2):Al thin *** addition,the in-plane lattice of(111)-oriented Si substrate matches well with that of(111)-oriented o-phase HfO_(2),which further thermally stabilizes the o-phase HfO_(2).Accordingly,an improved ferroelectricity with a remnant polarization(2P_(r))of 26.7C/cm^(2) has been *** results shown in this work provide a simple way toward the preparation of improved ferroelectric HfO_(2)thin films.

关键词： improved ferroelectricity interfacial stress engineering compressive strain HfO_(2)

Generation of polarized electron beams through self-injection in the interaction of a laser with a pre-polarized plasma

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 62-68页

作者： L.R.yin X.F.Li y.j.Gu N.Cao Q.Kong m.büscher S.m.Weng m.chen Z.m.Sheng Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(moE) Institute of Modern PhysicsDepartment of Nuclear Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina SANKEN(Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research) Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan Sichuan Research Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChengduChina Peter Grünberg Institut(PGI-6) Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany Institut für Laser-und Plasmaphysik Heinrich-Heine-Universität DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas(moE) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Polarized electron beam production via laser wakefield acceleration in pre-polarized plasma is investigated by particlein-cell *** evolution of the electron beam polarization is studied based on the Thomas±bargmann±michel±Telegdi equation for the transverse and longitudinal self-injection,and the depolarization process is found to be influenced by the injection *** the case of transverse self-injection,as found typically in the bubble regime,the spin precession of the accelerated electrons is mainly influenced by the ***,in the case of longitudinal injection in the quasi-1D regime(for example,*** et al.,***.110,135002(2013)),the direction of electron spin oscillates in the laser *** the electrons move around the laser axis,the net influence of the laser field is nearly zero and the contribution of the wakefield can be ***,an ultra-short electron beam with polarization of 99%can be obtained using longitudinal self-injection.

关键词： laser wakefield acceleration longitudinal self-injection particle-in-cell simulation polarized electron beam

STCF conceptual design report (Volume 1): Physics & detector

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第1期19卷 1-154页

作者： m.Achasov X.C.Ai L.P.An R.Aliberti Q.An X.Z.bai y.bai O.bakina A.barnyakov V.blinov V.bobrovnikov D.bodrov A.bogomyagkov A.bondar I.boyko Z.H.bu F.m.Cai H.Cai j.j.Cao Q.H.Cao X.Cao Z.Cao Q.Chang K.T.Chao D.y.chen H.chen H.X.chen j.F.chen K.chen L.L.chen P.chen S.L.chen S.m.chen S.chen S.P.chen W.chen X.chen X.F.chen X.R.chen y.chen y.Q.chen H.y.cheng j.cheng S.cheng T.G.cheng j.P.Dai L.y.Dai X.C.Dai D.Dedovich A.Denig I.Denisenko j.m.Dias D.Z.Ding L.y.Dong W.H.Dong V.Druzhinin D.S.Du y.j.Du Z.G.Du L.m.Duan D.Epifanov y.L.Fan S.S.Fang Z.j.Fang G.Fedotovich C.Q.Feng X.Feng y.T.Feng j.L.Fu j.Gao y.N.Gao P.S.Ge C.Q.Geng L.S.Geng A.Gilman L.Gong T.Gong b.Gou W.Gradl j.L.Gu A.Guevara L.C.Gui A.Q.Guo F.K.Guo j.C.Guo j.Guo y.P.Guo Z.H.Guo A.Guskov K.L.Han L.Han m.Han X.Q.Hao j.b.He S.Q.He X.G.He y.L.He Z.b.He Z.X.Heng b.L.Hou T.j.Hou y.R.Hou C.y.Hu H.m.Hu K.Hu R.j.Hu W.H.Hu X.H.Hu y.C.Hu j.Hua G.S.Huang j.S.Huang m.Huang Q.y.Huang W.Q.Huang X.T.Huang X.j.Huang y.b.Huang y.S.Huang N.Hüsken V.Ivanov Q.P.ji j.j.jia S.jia Z.K.jia H.b.jiang j.jiang S.Z.jiang j.b.jiao Z.jiao H.j.jing X.L.Kang X.S.Kang b.C.Ke m.Kenzie A.Khoukaz I.Koop E.Kravchenko A.Kuzmin y.Lei E.Levichev C.H.Li C.Li D.y.Li F.Li G.Li G.Li H.b.Li H.Li H.N.Li H.j.Li H.L.Li j.m.Li j.Li L.Li L.Li L.y.Li N.Li P.R.Li R.H.Li S.Li T.Li W.j.Li X.Li X.H.Li X.Q.Li X.H.Li y.Li y.y.Li Z.j.Li H.Liang j.H.Liang y.T.Liang G.R.Liao L.Z.Liao y.Liao C.X.Lin D.X.Lin X.S.Lin b.j.liu C.W.liu D.liu F.liu G.m.liu H.b.liu j.liu j.j.liu j.b.liu K.liu K.y.liu K.liu L.liu Q.liu S.b.liu T.liu X.liu y.W.liu y.liu y.L.liu Z.Q.liu Z.y.liu Z.W.liu I.Logashenko y.Long C.G.Lu j.X.Lu N.Lu Q.F.Lü y.Lu y.Lu Z.Lu P.Lukin F.j.Luo T.Luo X.F.Luo y.H.Luo H.j.Lyu X.R.Lyu j.P.ma P.ma y.ma y.m.ma F.maas S.malde D.matvienko Z.X.meng R.mitchell A.Nefediev y.Nefedov S.L.Olsen Q.Ouyang P.Pakhlov G.Pakhlova X.Pan y.Pan E.Passemar y.P.Pei H.P.Peng L.Peng X.y.Peng X.j.Peng K.Peters S.Pivovarov E.Pyata b.b.Qi y.Q.Qi W.b.Qian y.Qian C.F.Qiao j.j.Qin j.j.Qin L.Q.Qin X.S.Qin T.L.Qiu j.Rademacker C.F.Redmer H.y.Sang Anhui university Hefei 230039China beihang university Beijing 100191China budker Institute of Nuclear Physics Novosibirsk 630090Russia CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Cavendish Laboratory University of CambridgeJJ Thomson AveCambridge CB30HEUnited Kingdom Central china Normal university Wuhan 430079China Central South university Changsha 410083China china university of Geosciences Wuhan 430074China china university of mining and Technology Xuzhou 221116China École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL) LausanneSwitzerland Fudan university Shanghai 200433China Goethe university Frankfurt D-60325 Frankfurt am MainGermany Guangxi Normal university Guilin 541004China Guangxi Uninversity Nanning 530004China Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study UCASHangzhou 310024China Hebei Normal university Shijiazhuang 050024China Hebei university Baoding 071002China Hefei university of Technology Hefei 230601China Helmholtz Institute mainz Staudinger Weg 18D-55099 MainzGermany Henan Normal university Xinxiang 453007China Henan university Kaifeng 475004China High Energy Physics Center Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Korea Higher School of Economy 11 Pokrovsky bulvar Moscow 109028Russia Huangshan university Huangshan 245000China Hubei university of Automotive Technology Shiyan 442002China Hunan Normal university Changsha 410081China Hunan university of Science and Technology Xiangtan 411201China Hunan university Changsha 410082China Indiana university BloomingtonIndiana 47405USA Inner mongolia university Hohhot 010021China Institute of Advanced Science Facilities Shenzhen 518107China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute of modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Institute of Physics Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan 11529China Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China jilin university Changch

The superτ-charm facility(STCF)is an electron–positron collider proposed by the Chinese particle physics *** is designed to operate in a center-of-mass energy range from 2 to 7 GeV with a peak luminosity of 0.5×10^(35) cm^(–2)·s^(–1) or *** STCF will produce a data sample about a factor of 100 larger than that of the presentτ-charm factory—the bEPCII,providing a unique platform for exploring the asymmetry of matter-antimatter(charge-parity violation),in-depth studies of the internal structure of hadrons and the nature of non-perturbative strong interactions,as well as searching for exotic hadrons and physics beyond the Standard *** STCF project in china is under development with an extensive R&D *** document presents the physics opportunities at the STCF,describes conceptual designs of the STCF detector system,and discusses future plans for detector R&D and physics case studies.

关键词： electron–positron collider tau-charm region high luminosity STCF detector conceptual design

Experimental design of paraffin/methylated melamine-formaldehyde microencapsulated composite phase change material and the application in battery thermal management system

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journal of materials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 124-136页

作者： Que Huang Silong Wang jichun He Dengji xu Safaa NAbdou mohamed mIbrahim Shiqi Sun yanjun chen Handong Li ben bin xu Changcheng liu Zeinhom m.El-bahy Zhanhu Guo School of Environment and Safety Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China Institute of Advanced Energy materials and Systems North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China School of Resources and Safety Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410010China School of medical and bioInformation Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Department of Chemistry Khurmah University CollegeTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif 21944Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif 21944Saudi Arabia mechanical and Construction Engineering Faculty of Engineering and EnvironmentNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle Upon Tyne NE18STUK College of materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityNasr City 11884CairoEgypt

In order to maintain the optimal operating temperature of the battery surface and meet the demand for thermal storage technology,battery thermal management system based on phase change materials has attracted increasing *** this work,a kind of core-shell structured microcapsule was synthesized by an in-situ polymerization,where paraffin was used as the core,while methanol was applied to mod-ify the melamine-formaldehyde shell to reduce toxicity and improve thermal ***,three different types of heat conductive fillers with the same content of 10 wt.%,i.e.,nano-Al_(2)O_(3),nano-ZnO and carbon nanotubes were added,generating *** microcapsules were uniform,and were not affected by the thermal fillers,which were evenly dispersed *** composite sample with carbon nanotubes(10 wt.%)showed the highest thermal conductivity of 0.50 W/(m K)and latent heat of 139.64 j/***,according to the leakage testing and battery charge/discharge experiments,compared with Al_(2)O_(3)and ZnO,the addition of carbon nanotubes remarkably enhances the heat storage ability as latent heat from 126.98 j/g for the prepared sample with Al_(2)O_(3)and 125.86 j/g for the one with ZnO,then to 139.64 j/g,as well as dissipation performance as a cooling effect by decreasing the sur-face temperature of battery from 2%to 12%of microcapsule,composite sample with carbon nanotubes presents a broad application prospect in battery thermal management system and energy storage field.

关键词： microcapsule Phase change material battery Carbon nanotube Safety

Rescattering of stimulated Raman side scattering in nonuniform plasmas

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matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 68-76页

作者： S.Tan Q.Wang y.chen W.b.yao C.Z.Xiao j.F.myatt School of Physics and Electronics Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational mathematics Beijing 100094China School of Electrical and Information Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainanAnhui 232001China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta9211116 St.NWEdmontonAlberta T6G 1H9Canada

Rescattering of stimulated Raman side scattering(SRSS)is observed for the first time via two-dimensional(2D)particle-in-cell(PIC)*** construct a theoretical model for the rescattering process,which can predict the region of occurrence of mth-order SRSS and estimate its *** rescattering process is identified by the 2D PIC simulations under typical conditions of a direct-drive inertial confinement fusion *** electrons produced by second-order SRSS propagate nearly perpendicular to the density gradient and gain nearly the same energy as in first-order SRSS,but there is no cascade acceleration to produce superhot *** studies for a wide range of ignition conditions show that SRSS and associated rescatterings are robust and important processes in inertial confinement fusion.

关键词： nonuniform acceleration scattering

Adaptive strategies of high and low nucleic acid prokaryotes in response to declining resource availability and selective grazing by protozoa

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Science china Earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1872-1884页

作者： chen HU liuqian yu Xiaowei chen jihua liu yao ZHANG john bATT Xilin XIAO Qiang SHI Rui ZHANG Tingwei LUO Nianzhi jIAO Dapeng xu College of the Environment and Ecology Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China State Key Laboratory of marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth SciencesFujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon SequestrationXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China joint Lab for Ocean Research and Education(LORE)of Dalhousie university Canadaand Shandong University and Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Earth Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences ThrustThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou)Guangzhou 510000China Institute of marine Science and Technology Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Department of Oceanography Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova Scotia B3H 4R2Canada Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Carbon Neutral Innovation Research Center Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China

Prokaryotes play a fundamental role in global ocean biogeochemical ***,how the abundance and metabolic activity of ecologically distinct subgroups(i.e.,high nucleic acid(HNA)and low nucleic acid(LNA)cells),and their regulating factors,change in response to changing marine environmental conditions remains poorly ***,we delved into the time-evolving dynamic responses of the HNA and LNA prokaryotic subgroups to declining resource availability and selective grazing by protozoa by conducting a 73-day incubation experiment in a large-volume(117,000 L)macrocosm that facilitates community-level *** found that the metabolic activity of the HNA subgroup was higher than that of the LNA subgroup when the macrocosm was resource replete but that the HNA subgroup declined more rapidly than the LNA subgroup as the resources became increasingly scarce,leading to a steadily increasing contribution of LNA cells to prokaryotic ***,as resources in the macrocosm became limited,protozoan grazing preference shifted from the HNA to the LNA subgroup and the contributions of the LNA subgroup to the carbon flow within the macrocosm *** findings highlight the resilience of LNA cells in resource-limited environments,illuminate the critical role of selective grazing by protozoa in balancing distinct prokaryotic subgroups under changing resource conditions,and demonstrate the complex and adaptive interactions between protozoa and prokaryotes across diverse environmental contexts.

关键词： microbial loop macrocosm experiment Prokaryote Top-down and bottom-up controls Carbon flow

Nano-enhanced solid-state hydrogen storage:balancing discovery and pragmatism for future energy solutions

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8729-8753页

作者： Chaochao Dun Xinyi Wang Linfeng chen Sichi Li Hanna m.breunig jeffrey j.Urban The molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Energy Analysis and Environmental Impacts Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA 94550USA

Nanomaterials have revolutionized the battery industry by enhancing energy storage capacities and charging speeds,and their application in hydrogen(H_(2))storage likewise holds strong potential,though with distinct challenges and mechanisms.H_(2) is a crucial future zero-carbon energy vector given its high gravimetric energy density,which far exceeds that of liquid ***,its low volumetric energy density in gaseous form currently requires storage under high pressure or at low *** review critically examines the current and prospective landscapes of solid-state H_(2) storage technologies,with a focus on pragmatic integration of advanced materials such as metal-organic frameworks(mOFs),magnesium-based hybrids,and novel sorbents into future energy *** materials,enhanced by nanotechnology,could significantly improve the efficiency and capacity of H_(2) storage systems by optimizing H_(2) adsorption at the nanoscale and improving the kinetics of H_(2) uptake and *** discuss various H_(2) storage mechanisms—physisorption,chemisorption,and the Kubas interaction—analyzing their impact on the energy efficiency and scalability of storage *** review also addresses the potential of“smart mOFs”,single-atom catalyst-doped metal hydrides,mXenes and entropy-driven alloys to enhance the performance and broaden the application range of H_(2) storage systems,stressing the need for innovative materials and system integration to satisfy future energy ***-throughput screening,combined with machine learning algorithms,is noted as a promising approach to identify patterns and predict the behavior of novel materials under various conditions,significantly reducing the time and cost associated with experimental *** closing,we discuss the increasing involvement of various companies in solid-state H_(2) storage,particularly in prototype vehicles,from a techno-economic *** forward-looking perspective underscores t

关键词： nanomaterials nanotechnology solid-state H_(2)storage techno-economic analysis model-driven material development processes

Flexible,high-density,laminated ECoG electrode array for high spatiotemporal resolution foci diagnostic localization of refractory epilepsy

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bio-Design and manufacturing 2024年第4期7卷 388-398页

作者： yafeng liu Zhouheng Wang yang jiao ying chen Guangyuan xu yinji ma xue Feng Applied mechanics Laboratory Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Artificial Intelligence Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Institute of Flexible Electronics Technology of THU Jiaxing 314000China Qiantang Science and Technology Innovation Center Hangzhou 310016China School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China

High spatiotemporal resolution brain electrical signals are critical for basic neuroscience research and high-precision focus diagnostic localization,as the spatial scale of some pathologic signals is at the submillimeter or micrometer *** entails connecting hundreds or thousands of electrode wires on a limited *** study reported a class of flexible,ultrathin,highdensity electrocorticogram(ECoG)electrode *** challenge of a large number of wiring arrangements was overcome by a laminated structure design and processing technology *** flexible,ultrathin,high-density ECoG electrode array was conformably attached to the cortex for reliable,high spatial resolution electrophysiologic *** minimum spacing between electrodes was 15μm,comparable to the diameter of a single *** hundred electrodes were prepared with an electrode density of 4444 mm^(-2).In focal epilepsy surgery,the flexible,high-density,laminated ECoG electrode array with 36 electrodes was applied to collect epileptic spike waves inrabbits,improving the positioning accuracy of epilepsy lesions from the centimeter to the submillimeter *** flexible,high-density,laminated ECoG electrode array has potential clinical applications in intractable epilepsy and other neurologic diseases requiring high-precision electroencephalogram acquisition.

关键词： Electrocorticogram(ECoG)electrode Epilepsy High density High resolution Laminated structure

breaking the Fe_(3)O_(4)-wrapped copper microstructure to enhance copper-slag separation

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International journal of minerals,metallurgy and materials 2024年第10期31卷 2312-2325页

作者： Xiaopeng Chi Haoyu liu jun Xia Hang chen Xiangtao yu Wei Weng Shuiping Zhong Zijin School of Geology and mining Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China Fujian Key Laboratory of Green Extraction and High-Value Utilization of New Energy metals Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China Zijin mining Group Co. Ltd.Longyan 364200China Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

The precipitation of Fe_(3)O_(4)particles and the accompanied formation of Fe_(3)O_(4)-wrapped copper structure are the main obstacles to copper recovery from the molten slag during the pyrometallurgical smelting of copper ***,the commercial powdery pyrite or anthracite is replaced with pyrite-anthracite pellets as the reductants to remove a large amount of Fe_(3)O_(4)particles in the molten slag,resulting in a deep fracture in the Fe_(3)O_(4)-wrapped copper microstructure and the full exposure of the copper matte *** 1wt%composite pellet is used as the reductant,the copper matte droplets are enlarged greatly from 25μm to a size observable by the naked eye,with the copper content being enriched remarkably from 1.2wt%to 4.5wt%.Density functional theory calculation results imply that the formation of the Fe_(3)O_(4)-wrapped copper structure is due to the preferential adhesion of Cu_(2)S on the Fe_(3)O_(4)particles.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FTIR),and Raman spectroscopy results all reveal that the high-efficiency conver-sion of Fe_(3)O_(4)to FeO can decrease the volume fraction of the solid phase and promote the depolymerization of silicate network *** a consequence,the settling of copper matte droplets is enhanced due to the lowered slag viscosity,contributing to the high efficiency of copper-slag separation for copper *** results provide new insights into the enhanced in-situ enrichment of copper from mol-ten slag.

关键词： pyrometallurgical smelting process slag cleaning reductants copper matte