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Checkpoint inhibitor-induced hepatotoxicity:Role of liver biopsy and management approach

World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第7期14卷 1269-1276页

作者： Fernando bessone Einar Stefan Bjornsson Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Facultad de Ciencias MédicasHospital Provincial del CentenarioUniversity of Rosario School of MedicineRosario 2000Santa FeArgentina Department of Gastroenterology Natl Univ Hosp IcelandSect Gastroenterol&HepatolDept Internal MedHringbraut 11DIS-101 ReykjavikIceland Landspitali University Hospital and Faculty of medicine University of IcelandReykjavik Postal code 101State of ReykjavikIceland

Immunological checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)have revolutionized therapy of many different *** immune-mediated adverse effects are common and can affect many organs such as the skin,lungs,gastrointestinal and endocrine organs as well as the *** injury has been reported in 3%-8%of patients with grade III-IV hepatitis in retrospective *** liver injury is characterized by hepatocellular injury resembling autoimmune hepatitis biochemically but not immunologically as patients with ICI induced hepatoxicity rarely have auto-antibodies or IgG *** role for liver biopsy(LB)in patients with suspected liver injury due to ICIs is controversial and it is not clear whether results of a LB will change clinical *** can be helpful when there is diagnostic uncertainty and pre-existing liver disease is *** there are no distinctive histological features,the finding of granulomas and endothelitis may suggest a specific type of hepatitis induced by *** natural history of hepatotoxicity of ICI therapy is not well *** studies have demonstrated that 33%-50%of patients improve spontaneously with discontinuation of *** patients with jaundice and/or coagulopathy corticosteroids are *** high doses of corticosteroids with 1-2 mg/kg/d of methylprednisolone recommended by the oncological societies are *** it has shown that initial treatment with 1 mg/kg/d provided similar liver tests improvement which was also associated with a reduced risk of steroid-induced adverse effects in comparison with higher-dose *** immunosuppression mostly with mycophenolate mofetil has been reported to be helpful.

关键词： Hepatotoxicity Checkpoint inhibitors Biologics hepatitis Drug-induced liver injury Liver biopsy

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Landing in Ski Jumping: A Review About its Biomechanics and the Connected Injuries

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第3期3卷 238-248页

作者： Veronica bessone Ansgar Schwirtz Department of Biomechanics in Sports Faculty of Sport and Health SciencesTechnical University of MunichMunichBavariaGermany

The present review deals with the current scientific knowledge related with ski jump landing.A specific focus is given on the landing biomechanics,the methods utilized for its analysis and the injuries connected to the landing *** the demonstrated importance for the safety and the performance of ski jumpers,the landing and its preparation are rarely *** this paper,after having firstly described the execution of landing and its preparation and the reason why is impor-tant to analyze it,an overview of the current status of the research related to the landing biomechanics is reported(kinetics,kinematics,electromyographic activation,aerodynamics,computer simulation).The third part describes the methods and technologies utilized in literature to analyze the landing and its preparation(video cameras,inertial sensors,force insoles,wind tunnel and computer simulation).After that,an overview of the injuries related to landing is *** final section proposes future research in the field of biomechanics of ski jump landing in different fields,such as computer simulations,kinematic analysis,equipment development and biomechanics of female athletes.

关键词： Feedback Sensors Prevention Kinetics Kinematics Winter sports

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Viability of thermal imaging in detecting nests of the invasive hornet Vespa velutina

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Insect Science 2021年第1期28卷 271-277页

作者： Simone Lioy Ettore Bianchi Alessandro Biglia m.ttia bessone Daniela Laurino marco Porporato Department of Agriculture Forest and Food SciencesUniversity of TurinGrugliasco(Turin)Italy School of Biological and Environmental Science Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUK

Vespa velutina is an invasive hornet species that is colonising Europe,generating considerable impacts on honeybees,beekeeping and *** and early warning strategies for this species are mainly based on monitoring plans and procedures of nest detection and *** tools(harmonic radar,radio-telemetry)have been developed to increase the probabilities of nest detection in new *** hornets are able to regulate nest temperature,thermography may represent an additional technique that may be used,both alone or in support to other *** this study,the viability of thermal imaging in detecting nests of *** was evaluated in controlled *** influence of different environmental and operative variables(time of the day,presence/absence of leaves covering the nest,distance between the nest and the operator)were tested on three nests detected during August 2018 in *** the nests were detectable by thermal imaging,but environmental and operative variables affect their *** temperature difference between the nests and the surrounding reaches its maximum before sunrise and without a tree canopy covering the *** nests were visible in some cases from 30 m,the detectability was higher at shorter distances,even if this variable may also depend on infrared camera *** increase in the environmental temperature also generates a decrease of nest *** some limitations could occur,these results show the applicability of thermography in detecting V velutina nests before the beginning of the reproductive phase,and consequently its potentiality in control strategies.

关键词： alien species Asian yellow-legged hornet monitoring nest detection remote sensing thermography

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Overview on drug-induced liver injury in Brazil

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2021年第5期12卷 100-102页

作者： Fernando bessone Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hospital Provincial del CentenarioFacultad de Ciencias MédicasUniversity of Rosario School of MedicineRosario 2000Santa FeArgentina

Drug-induced liver injury(DILI)is an uncommon event in clinical practice,which makes knowing its true incidence ***,retrospective and registry-based studies are the most important methods to obtain epidemiological data on *** America(LA)has a historical lack of prospective studies on this *** definitions and the creation of hepatotoxicity registries have significantly improved the epidemiological understanding of hepatic drug reactions in several regions of the *** Latin American DILI network,referred to as LATINDILI,has been created in 2011,and recently published its own DILI recommendations describing the most relevant issues on the management of hepatotoxicity in general,and those based on findings from our own LA experience in *** most of the registries do not carry out population-based studies,they may provide important data related to the prevalence of *** joint work among researchers and the corresponding health and regulatory authorities should be stimulated due to the high impact that hepatotoxicity represents for public health.

关键词： Hepatotoxicity Drug-induced liver injury Drug-induced liver injury registries Herbs Hepatitis

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Analysis of Biomechanical Behaviour of Anterior Teeth Using Two Different methods: Finite Element method and Experimental Tests

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Engineering（科研） 2014年第3期6卷 148-158页

作者： Laura m. bessone Enrique Fernández Bodereau Gabriela Cabanillas Alejandro Dominguez Department of Clinical Prosthodontics Dental School National University of Cordoba Córdoba Argentina materials and Technology Department FCEFyN National University of Cordoba Córdoba Argentina

The main objective of this study was to compare the results obtained with both virtual and experimental research methods, when the biomechanical behavior of teeth restored with esthetic posts was investigated. The finite element method was used to develop models of healthy maxillary canines and maxillary canines restored with definitive crowns and glass-fiber posts, quartzfiber posts, and titanium posts. Stress distribution was observed when external loads were applied. Load was applied in-vitro to analyse the fracture resistance of 48 maxillary canines restored in the same way as it was considered in the virtual method. The analysis of results using the finite element method led to the conclusion that restored teeth, in which the elastic modulus of the post was similar to that of the dentine and the material of the core had the best biomechanical performance. The experimental study validated the virtual analysis.

关键词： Compressive Strength Glass Fiber Posts Quartz Fiber Posts Finite Element method

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Hepatitis C virus infection in Argentina: Burden of chronic disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第15期8卷 649-658页

作者： Ezequiel Ridruejo Fernando bessone Jorge R Daruich Chris Estes Adrián C Gadano Homie Razavi Federico G Villamil marcelo O Silva Hepatology Section Department of Medicine Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno Hepatology and Liver Transplant Unit Hospital Universitario Austral Hepatology Section Escuela de Medicina Universidad de Rosario Hepatology Section Hospital de Clínicas San Martín Universidad de Buenos Aires Center for Disease Analysis Louisville Hepatology and Liver Transplant Unit Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires Liver Transplantat Unit Hospital Británico

AIm: To estimate the progression of the hepatitis C virus(HCV) epidemic and measure the burden of HCVrelated morbidity and mortality. mETHODS: Age- and gender-defined cohorts were used to follow the viremic population in Argentina and estimate HCV incidence, prevalence, hepatic complications, and mortality. The relative impact of two scenarios on HCV-related outcomes was assessed:(1) increased sustained virologic response(SVR); and(2) increased SVR and ***: Under scenario 1, SVR raised to 85%-95% in 2016. Compared to the base case scenario, there was a 0.3% reduction in prevalent cases and liverrelated deaths by 2030. Given low treatment rates, cases of hepatocellular carcinoma and decompensated cirrhosis decreased me increases in SVR were modeled, with gradual increases in the annual diagnosed and treated populations. This scenario decreased prevalent infections 45%, liver-related deaths 55%, liver cancer cases 60%, and decompensated cirrhosis 55%, as compared to the base case by 2030. CONCLUSION: In Argentina, cases of end stage liver disease and liver-related deaths due to HCV are still growing, while its prevalence is decreasing. Increasing in SVR rates is not enough, and increasing in the number of patients diagnosed and candidates for treatment is needed to reduce the HCV disease burden. Based on this scenario, strategies to increase diagnosis and treatment uptake must be developed to reduce HCV burden in Argentina.

关键词： Diagnosis Disease burden Epidemiology Incidence mortality Prevalence Treatment Argentina Hepatitis C

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Pre-treatment prediction of response to peginterferon plus ribavirin in chronic hepatitis C genotype 3

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第4期7卷 703-709页

作者： Sebastian marciano Silvia m Borzi melisa Dirchwolf Ezequiel Ridruejo manuel mendizabal Fernando bessone maria E Sirotinsky Diego H Giunta Julieta Trinks Pablo A Olivera Omar A Galdame marcelo O Silva Hugo A Fainboim Adrian C Gadano Liver Unit Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires Hepatology Section Hospital R. Rossi La Plata Buenos Aires Argentina Liver Infectious Disease Unit Hospital F.J Muniz Uspallata 2272 Buenos Aires Argentina Hepatology Section Department of Medicine Centro de Educacion Medica e Investigaciones Clinicas Norberto Quirno "CEMIC" Avenida Galvan 4102 Buenos Aires Argentina Hepatology and Liver Transplant Unit Hospital Universitario Austral Hepatology Unit Sanatorio del Parque Rosario Argentina HEPATOSUR group Comodoro Rivadavia Chubut Argentina Internal medicine Research Unit Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina Basic Science and Experimental medicine Institute Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires Internal medicine Centro de Educacion Medica e Investigaciones Clinicas Norberto Quirno "CEMIC" Buenos Aires Argentina

AIm: To evaluate pre-treatment factors associated with sustained virological response(SVR) in patients with hepatitis C virus(HCV) genotype 3 treated with peginterferon and ribavirin(RBV). mETHODS: We retrospectively analyzed treatment naive, mono-infected HCV genotype 3 patients treated with peginterferon and RBV. Exclusion criteria included presence of other liver disease, alcohol consumption and African American or Asian ethnicity. The variables collected and compared between patients who achieved an SVR and patients who did not were as follows: gender, age, fibrosis stage, diabetes, body mass index,steatosis, INFL3 polymorphism, pre-treatment HCVRNA, type of peginterferon, RBV dose and adherence. RESULTS: A total of 107 patients treated between June, 2004 and march, 2013 were included. mean treatment duration was 25.1(± 1.8) wk. Overall, 58%(62/107) of the patients achieved an SVR and 42%(45/107) did not. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, pre-treatment HCV-RNA ≥ 600000 UI/m L(OR = 0.375, 95%CI: 0.153-0.919, P = 0.032) and advanced fibrosis(OR = 0.278, 95%CI: 0.113-0.684,P = 0.005) were significantly associated with low SVR rates. In patients with pre-treatment HCV-RNA ≥600000 UI/m L and advanced fibrosis, the probability of achieving an SVR was 29%(95%CI: 13.1-45.2).In patients with pre-treatment HCV-RNA m L and mild to moderate fibrosis, the probability of achieving an SVR was 81%(95%CI: 68.8-93.4).CONCLUSION: In patients with HCV genotype 3infections the presence of advance fibrosis and high pre-treatment viral load might be associated with poor response to peginterferon plus RBV. These patients could benefit the most from new direct antiviral agentsbased regimes.

关键词： Sustained virological response Direct antiviral agents Sofosbuvir Cirrhosis Viral load

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