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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2010年第1期4卷 18-25页

作者： H.m. Taleb Y.m. Al-saleh School of Architecture University of Sheffield Sheffield S102TN UK manchester Institute of Innovation Research University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK

Renewable energy options, including solar power, are becoming increasingly viable alternatives to conventional sources of energy, such as oil, coal and natural gas. Solar Photovoltaic （PV） technology is one type of solar energy technologies that has recently received substantial attention because it offers the possibility of providing clean power sources for buildings. The aim of this paper is to examine the economic viability of using solar PV within future residential buildings in the oil-rich Saudi Arabia. Strictly speaking, the prospects of using the PV in order to provide 10% of the electricity to be consumed in the houses, which are going to be built in Sandi Arabia over the period 2010-2025, are examined. The study reveals that significant economic and environmental benefits could be realized as a result of such an endeavor.

关键词： Renewable energy solar photovoltaics Sandi Arabia residential buildings feasibility study.

Rosmarinic acid attenuates hepatic fibrogenesis via suppression of hepatic stellate cell activation/proliferation and induction of apoptosis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2017年第5期10卷 423-432页

作者： Naglaa m.El-Lakkany Walaa H.El-maadawy Sayed H.Seif el-Din Olfat A.Hammam Salwa H.mohamed Shahira m.Ezzat marwa m.Safar Samira saleh Department of Pharmacology Theodor Bilharz Research InstituteWarak El-HadarImbaba P.O.Box 30Giza 12411Egypt Department of Pathology Theodor Bilharz Research InstituteWarak El-HadarImbaba P.O.Box 30Giza 12411Egypt Department of Immunology Theodor Bilharz Research InstituteWarak El-HadarImbaba P.O.Box 30Giza 12411Egypt Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of PharmacyCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt

Objective:To investigate the antifibrotic role of rosmarinic acid(RA),a natural polyphenolic compound,on HSCs activation/proliferation and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. methods:The impact of RA on stellate cell line(HSC-T6) proliferation,activation and apoptosis was assessed along with its safety on primary hepatocytes. In vivo,rats were divided into:(i) normal;(ii) thioacetamide(TAA)-intoxicated rats for 12 weeks;(iii) TAA+silymarin or(iv) TAA+RA. At the end of experiment,liver functions,oxidative stress,inflammatory and profibrogenic markers,tissue inhibitor metalloproteinases type-1(TImP-1) and hydroxyproline(HP) levels were evaluated. Additionally,liver histopathology and immunohistochemical examinations of alpha-smooth muscle actin(α-SmA),caspase-3 and proliferation cellular nuclear antigen(PCNA) were determined. Results:RA exhibited anti-proliferative effects on cultured HSCs in a time and concentration dependent manner showing an IC50 of 276 μg/mL and 171 μg/mL for 24 h and 48 h,respectively,with morphological reversion of activated stellate cell morphology to quiescent form. It significantly improved ALT,AST,oxidative stress markers and reduced TImP-1,HP levels,inflammatory markers and fibrosis score(S1 vs S4). Furthermore,reduction in α-SmA plus elevation in caspase-3 expressions of HSCs in vitro and in vivo associated with an inhibition in proliferation of damaged hepatocytes were recorded. Conclusions:RA impeded the progression of liver fibrosis through inhibition of HSCs activation/proliferation and induction of apoptosis with preservation of hepatic architecture.

关键词： Hepatic fibrosis Hepatic stellate cells Rosmarinic acid Apoptosis Proliferation Profibrogenic markers

Biochemical and radiological predictors of malignant biliary strictures

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第10期10卷 1504-1507页

作者： Ibrahim A.AI-mofleh Abdulrahman m.Aljebreen saleh m.AlAmri Rashed S.AJ-Rashed Faleh Z.Al-Faleh Hussein m.AJ-Freihi Ayman A.Abdo Arthur C.Isnani Gastroenterology Division department of Medicine (38)King Khalid University HospitalRiyadhKingdom of Saudi Arabia King Khalid University Hospital College of Medicine and Research Center (74)PO Box 2925Riyadh 11461Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

AIm: Differentiation of benign biliary strictures (BBS) from malignant biliary strictures (mBS) remains difficult despite improvement in imaging and endoscopic techniques. The aim of this study was to identify the clinical, biochemical and or radiological predictors of malignant biliary ***: We retrospectively reviewed all charts of patients who had biliary strictures (BS) on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or percutaneous cholangiography (PTC) in case of unsuccessful ERCP from march 1998 to August 2002. Patient characteristics, clinical features, biochemical, radiological and biopsy results were all recorded. Stricture etiology was determined based on cytology,biopsy or clinical follow-up. A receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to determine the optimal laboratory diagnostic criterion threshold in predicting ***: One hundred twenty six patients with biliary strictures were enrolled, of which 72 were malignant. The mean age for BBS was 53 years compared to 62.4 years for mBS (P=0.0006). Distal bile duct stricture was mainly due to a malignant process 48.6% vs 9% (P=0.001). Alkaline phosphates and AST levels were more significantly elevated in mBS (P=0.0002). ROC curve showed that a bilirubin level of 84 μmol/L or more was the most predictive of mBS with a sensitivity of 98.6%, specificity of 59.3% and a positive likelihood ratio of 2.42 (95% CI=0.649-0.810). Proximal biliary dilatation was more frequently encountered in mBS compared to BBS, 73.8% vs39.5% (P=0.0001). majority of BBS (87%) and mBS (78%) were managed ***: A serum bilirubin level of 84 μmol/L or greater is the best predictor of mBS. Older age, proximal biliary dilatation, higher levels of bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, ALT and AST are all associated with mBS. ERCP is necessary to diagnose and treat benign and malignant biliary strictures.

关键词： Biliary Tract Diseases Biliary Tract Neoplasms Constriction, Pathologic Predictive Value of Tests Age Factors Bilirubin Cholangiography Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde Humans middle Aged ROC Curve Retrospective Studies Sensitivity and Specificity

STUDY ON NANOmETER ZINC PARTICLES FABRICATED BY GAS EVAPORATION mETHOD

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Acta metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2003年第3期16卷 161-168页

作者： A.A.A.saleh X.J.Zhai Y.C.Zhai Y.Fu A.L.Zhang School of materials and metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang110004ChinaSchool of Materials and MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyang110004ChinaSchool of Materials and MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyang110004ChinaSchool of Materials and MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyang110004ChinaSchool of Materials and MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyang110004China

Nanometer Zn particles with mean diameters 12-100nm made by evaporating its powders in argon gas were studied mainly by X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. They are collected at various distances and those factors influencing the mean particle size were studied. The optimal synthetic conditions were obtained, i.e., evaporation temperature is 1200℃; argon flow rate is 0.4m3/h; amount of powder charged is 3g; distance from evaporation source is 10cm. It was found that the size of particles was governed by argon flow rate, evaporation temperature, amount of metal charged and distance from the source. The size increases remarkably with distance in the space where no metal vapor exists. This implies that the crystallites grow by coalescence. Electron micrographs and diffraction patterns are reproduced to show the size, shape and state of oxidations. Nanoparticles with definite crystal habits were sometimes observed among those with irregular ones.

关键词： gas evaporation method nanometer Zn XRD TEm

Cellulose Derivative and Lanthanide Complex Thin Film

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Cellulose Derivative and Lanthanide Complex Thin Film

作者： ALI ABDULLAH saleh HZAm ALT Am（艾力）东华大学

学位级别：硕士

纤维素是世界上最丰富的天然聚合物,因此它被视为非常重要的多用途的原材料,基于其特殊的结构和功能性质,广泛应用于医疗产品。纤维素的结构中有羟基,能够部分的或者完全的与不同元素发生反应,得到的衍生物具有多功能性质,例如纤维素酯... 详细信息

纤维素是世界上最丰富的天然聚合物,因此它被视为非常重要的多用途的原材料,基于其特殊的结构和功能性质,广泛应用于医疗产品。纤维素的结构中有羟基,能够部分的或者完全的与不同元素发生反应,得到的衍生物具有多功能性质,例如纤维素酯和纤维素醚。纤维素衍生物在日常生活中被广泛应用,因此它必须无致癌性、无毒性、生物相容性并且对生物环境无排斥性。在食品和药物企业,纤维素醚是最广泛应用的纤维素衍生物,如羧甲基纤维素(CmC),阳离子纤维素(CC)。纤维素醚是通过用烷基或者羟烷基置换羟基得到的,取代基的化学性质,数量和分布影响着纤维素醚的溶解性、热稳定性、胶体性质、表面活性、热塑性、薄膜属性和生物降解性。镧系元素原子结构有4f轨道,使得它们表现出特殊的化学和光谱性质。镧系元素的麻醉剂吸引了人们的极大兴趣,因其在催化和发光领域的潜在应用。一些镧系离子,如铽和铕,已经广泛应用于原子聚集和生物分子结构的发冷光试验和染色试验中。理解高分子与金属离子间的相互作用对科学研究和创新实验具有重大意义。两者的相互作用力主要是静电力和配位作用力。金属很容易失去电子变成离子,同时自然界中有很多带负电荷的高分子,因此静电力相互作用较为常见。同时,金属离子的原子结构有空轨道,并且高分子上的基团能够提供电子对,以此形成配位键。有研究表明羧酸基团和金属离子的配位相互作用分为单齿,双齿,和三齿螯合。在过去几年,人们尝试了许多界面复合的方法来组装纤维素衍生物到聚电解质多层薄膜中,如基于静电作用为主要驱动力的层层组装技术,该技术是一个简单高效的制备薄膜的方法。层层组装薄膜有诸多应用,如光学过滤膜、离子交换膜、防腐涂层、化学和生物传感器以及药物传递层。层层组装技术也可以用来扩展纤维素的应用,但是纤维素不能直接用来制备薄膜,只有通过化学改性,纤维素才可以。最近,高分子螯合物已经被用于层层组装的基础材料。有一类的高分子螯合物是超高分子聚集体,它是基于不同的二级相互作用形成的,包含有高分子-高分子螯合物,高分子-金属螯合物和高分子-表面活性剂螯合物。高分子螯合物的层层组装使得它易于形成微米级的薄膜并且能引入更多的材料进入薄膜中,这对材料的多功能应用有很大意义,例如超疏水、自修复等。在我的研究体系,研究工作的主要目的是引入镧系离子进入纤维素衍生物薄膜中,先制备带负电荷的CmC-Ln的复合物纳米颗粒,然后与带正电荷的CC层层组装,通过这种方法,成功得到CmC-Ln-QC复合物薄膜。我们分别制备了pH=4和pH=6两个pH条件下的CmC-Ln-QC复合物薄膜.研究工作的第一部分是在pH4和pH6的条件下制备CmC-Ln的配合物。CmC包含很多羧酸根和羟基基团,能够基于配位作用和镧系离子形成聚合物金属复合物。在严格控制的pH值和质量百分比的条件下混合相同体积的CmC和Ln离子溶液制备CmC-Ln复合物纳米颗粒。在pH6,质量百分比4:1和pH4,质量百分比6:1的条件下,能得到分散的CmC-Ce复合物纳米颗粒;(i)直接混合Ce离子溶液和CmC溶液(m1),(ii)逐滴地滴加Ce离子溶液到CmC溶液中,滴加速率为1m L/h(m2),(iii)逐滴地滴加CmC溶液到Ce离子溶液中,滴加速率为1m L/h(m3)。我们使用动态光散射(DLS)测试了CmC-Ce复合物纳米颗粒的尺寸和分布,在pH4,m1,m2和m3的平均流体动力学直径分别是610nm,450 nm和740 nm。在pH6时,分别是650 nm,350 nm和1150 nm,同时使用紫外可见光谱UV-Vis证明了纳米颗粒中包含有铈离子。对于m1,m2,m3,CmC-Ce复合物纳米颗粒在pH4的Zeta电位分别是-21.2,-19.2,-20.6,在pH6分别是-43.7,-36.8,-38.6。随着pH值的增加,去离子化增强,得到更多的羧酸根离子。红外光谱FT-IR可用来表征CmC的去离子化程度。根据公式(1)的计算,在pH=2时,CmC的去离子化程度是15%,在pH=4是55%,在pH=6时接近100%。羧酸根离子COO-的对称和非对称伸缩振动峰的差值,可以反映CmC和铈离子的配位作用方式,不同的方式取决于组装的pH和质量百分比。研究工作的第二部分是利用两种带有相反电荷的物质制备薄膜。层层组装技术将负电荷的均匀分散的CmC-Ln配合物胶体颗粒和正电荷的阳离子纤维素交替沉积在石英片或者硅片上来制备薄膜。在pH4和pH6的不同条件下制备薄膜,并且薄膜的性质可通过不同的光谱技术来研究。反射光谱用来表征薄膜厚度,pH=4的条件下制备的[CC/(CmC-Ce)]薄膜非常浑浊,在光谱上没有指纹峰出现,厚度很难测试。在pH=6的条件下制备的薄膜比较透明,可用公式(2)计算厚度。在pH=6的m1和m2方法制备的薄膜厚度分别为1222 nm和750 n

关键词：纤维素纤维素衍生物羧甲基纤维素阳离子纤维素镧系离子层层组装

History of cupping(Hijama):a narrative review of literature

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Journal of Integrative medicine 2017年第3期15卷 172-181页

作者： Naseem Akhtar Qureshi Gazzaffi Ibrahim Ali Tamer Shaban Abushanab Ahmed Tawfik El-Olemy meshari saleh Alqaed Ibrahim S. EI-Subai Abdullah m.N. AI-Bedah National Center of Complementary and Alternative medicine Ministry of Health Riyadh 11662 Saudi Arabia

Cupping （Hijama in Arabic） is an ancient, holistic method for the treatment of a variety of diseases. Though the exact origin of cupping therapy is a matter of controversy, its use has been documented in early Egyptian and Chinese medical practices. Diverse human civilizations have contributed to the historical development and continuation of cupping therapy. This narrative review describes the history of cupping, historical definitions, cupping instruments and uses of cupping therapy. Electronic searches of relevant databases （Pubmed, Google Scholar and OvidSP） were conducted using keywords and Boolean operators. manual searches and references of published articles and books were also conducted. A number of articles （N = 625） were retained for extensive review, and finally 83 articles were included in this paper. The historical descriptions of cupping therapy were found in ancient human civilizations of the Eastern and Western world. There were inconsistent data concerning the origin of cupping, definitions, instruments, procedures, definite advancements and research in Hijama over centuries. Cupping therapy fell out of favor in 17th and mid-18th centuries but recovered popularity in modem medicine. Currently, cupping therapy is used for health promotion, prophylaxis and treatment of a variety of diseases around the world. Cupping therapy with a good safety profile has a checkered history and is a well-recognized traditional method for managing medical conditions. Currently, the scope of cupping therapy is expanding, and a growing body of research is providing additional evidence-based data for the further advancement of cupping therapy in the treatment of a variety of diseases.

关键词： cupping history review

Salacca zalacca:A short review of the palm botany, pharmacological uses and phytochemistry

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2018年第12期11卷 645-652页

作者： mohammed S.m.saleh mohammad Jamshed Siddiqui Ahmed median Nor Hadiani Ismail Qamar Uddin Ahmed Siti Zaiton mat So'ad Salima Saidi-Besbes Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Kulliyyah of Pharmacy International Islamic University Malaysia Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery Universiti Teknologi MARA Faculty of Applied Science Universiti Teknologi MARA Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Appliquée Département de chimie Facultédes sciences exactes et appliquées

Salacca zalacca(Gaertn.) Voss(family Arecaceae) is the snake fruit commonly known in malay language as salak in malaysia. This exotic fruit has diverse and potential pharmacological properties due to its high antioxidant content. It is often consumed due to its sweet taste. The abundant natural sugar and fibre along with minerals and vitamin makes it a nutritious fruit. Phytochemical investigation on this fruit has revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenolics, glycosides as well as some volatile and aromatic compounds, including gallic acid, quercetin, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, proanthocyanidins, lycopene and β-carotene. Pharmacological studies on the fruit flesh and peel have shown some tremendous antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antidiabetic potential. This review provides the botanical information of Salacca zalacca as well as its scientific investigations involving the distinct pharmacological and phytochemical benefits. This could help in highlighting the lacking data and research gaps on this plant.

关键词： Snake fruit Salacca zalacca Arecaceae Antioxidant Antidiabetic Anticancer

Environmental Impact of High Altitudes on the Operation of PEm Fuel Cell Based UAS

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Energy and Power Engineering 2018年第3期10卷 87-105页

作者： Ibrahim m. saleh Rashid Ali Hongwei Zhang materials and Engineering Research Institute Sheffield Hallam University Sheffield UK Faculty of Engineering Environment and Computing Coventry University Coventry UK

Fuel cell is a device that converts the chemical energy in the reactants into the electrical energy after steps of sequential electrochemical processes with no significant impact on the environment. For high altitude long endurance (HALE) of unmanned aircraft system (UAS) where fuel cell operates as a prime source of power, the operation and performance of a PEm fuel cell at different level of altitudes is vitally important. In this paper, the impact of direct using extracted air from high altitudes atmosphere in order to feed the stack is investigated, and the governing equations of the supplied air and oxygen to the PEm fuel cell stack are developed. The impact of high altitudes upon the operation and the consumption of air are determined in order to maintain certain level of delivered power to the load. Also the implications associated with operating the PEm fuel cell stack at high altitudes and different technical solutions are proposed. Various modes of Integral, Proportional-Integral, and Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller are introduced and examined for different time setting responses in order to determine the most adequate trade-off choice between fast response and reactants consumption which provides the necessary optimization of the air consumption for the developed model of PEm fuel cell used for UAS operation.

关键词： PEm Fuel Cell High Altitude Long Endurance PID Controller UAS

Experimental Testing and Validation of the mathematical model for a Self-Humidifying PEm Fuel Cell

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Journal of materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2018年第4期6卷 202-218页

This paper presents an experimental testing and validation results for a zero-dimensional self-humidifying PEm (Proton Exchange membrane) fuel cell stack. The model incorporates major electric and thermodynamic variables and parameters involved in the operation of the PEm fuel cell under different operational conditions. The mathematical equations are modelled by using matlab-Simulink tools in order to simulate the operation of the developed model with a commercially available 1 kW Horizon (H-1000) PEm fuel cell stack, which is used for the purposes of model validation and tuning of the developed model. The model is mathematically modelled and presented in the recent published work of authors. The observations from model simulations provide sufficient evidence and support to the results and observations obtained from testing 1 kW Horizon (H-1000) PEm fuel cell stack used in this research. The developed model can be used as a generic model and simulation platform for a self-humidifying PEm fuel cell with an output power varying from 50 W to 1 kW, with extrapolation to higher powers is also possible.

关键词： PEm Fuel Cell Self-Humidifying modelling Simulation

Does the scleral encircling band provide a protective effect against the progression of diabetic retinopathy?

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第9期12卷 1408-1414页

作者： Hossam Youssef Abouelkheir Amani E Badawi Amr m.Abdelkader Amr El-Kanishy Sameh saleh Waleed Ali Abou Samra manal Ali Kasem Tharwat mokbel mansoura Ophthalmic Center Faculty of Medicine Mansoura University

AIm: To evaluate the effect of scleral encircling bands on the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy(DR) in diabetic ***: The medical records of diabetic patients who underwent unilateral retinal detachment(RD) surgery using scleral buckle and encircling band were reviewed retrospectively. Both eyes of patients were included in the study: one eye in each patient had a scleral buckle with encircling band(the operated eye) and the other one is the non-operated eye. The demographic characters, duration of diabetes and period between surgery and the last recall visit were retrieved from each patient. All the cases underwent fundus photo and fluorescein angiography(when indicated) to confirm the DR ***: Totally 25 patients fulfilled the inclusion and the exclusion criteria were become eligible for the study. A total of 50 eyes of 25 patients were enrolled in this analysis. The mean period of time passed from surgery with encircling band and the last reassessment visit was 12.5±2 y. Even though DR could develop in the operated eyes, it was at a less degree of severity compared to the non-operated eyes of same patients(P=0.027).CONCLUSION: Scleral encircling bands have protective effects against the development and progression of DR.

关键词： diabetic retinopathy scleral encircling bands retinal detachment