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A Unified Newtonian-Relativistic Quantum Resolution of the supposedly missing Dark Energy of the Cosmos and the Constancy of the speed of Light

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International Journal of modern Nonlinear Theory and Application 2013年第1期2卷 43-54页

作者： m.s.el naschie Department of Physics University of AlexandriaAlexandriaEgypt

Time dilation, space contraction and relativistic mass are combined in a novel fashion using Newtonian dynamics. In this way we can surprisingly retrieve an effective quantum gravity energy-mass equation which gives the accurate experimental value of vacuum density. Furthermore Einstein’s equation of special relativity E = mc2, where m is the mass and c is the velocity of light developed assuming smooth 4D space time is transferred to a rugged Calabi-Yau and K3 fuzzy Kahler manifolds and revised to become E=(mc2)/(22), where the division factor 22 maybe interpreted as the compactified bosonic dimensions of Veneziano-Nambu strings. The result is again an accurate effective quantum gravity energy-mass relation akin to the one found using Newtonian dynamics which correctly predicts that 95.4915028% of the energy in the cosmos is the hypothetical missing dark energy. The agreement with WmAP and supernova measurements is in that respect astounding. In addition different theories are used to check the calculations and all lead to the same quantitative result. Thus the theories of varying speed of light, scale relativity, E-infinity theory, m-theory, Heterotic super strings, quantum field in curved space time, Veneziano’s dual resonance model, Nash Euclidean embedding and super gravity all reinforce, without any reservation, the above mentioned theoretical result which in turn is in total agreement with the most sophisticated cosmological measurements which was deservingly awarded the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics. Finally and more importantly from certain viewpoints, we reason that the speed of light is constant because it is a definite probabilistic expectation value of a variable velocity in a hierarchical fractal clopen, i.e. closed and open micro space time.

关键词： Dark Energy Homology of Fuzzy Kahler Betti Numbers Heterotic strings Revised special Relativity speed of Light as a Probabilistic Expectation Value

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Hubble scale Dark Energy meets Nano scale Casimir Energy and the Rational of Their T-Duality and mirror symmetry Equivalence

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World Journal of Nano science and Engineering 2015年第3期5卷 57-67页

作者： m.s.el naschie Department of Physics University of AlexandriaAlexandriaEgypt

We establish that ordinary energy, Casimir energy and dark energy are not only interlinked but are basically the same thing separated merely by scale and topology. Casimir energy is essentially a nano scale spacetime phenomenon produced by the boundary condition of the two Casimir plates constituting the Casimir experimental set up for measuring the Casimir force. By contrast dark energy is the result of the cosmic boundary condition, i.e. the boundary of the universe. This one sided m?bius-like boundary located at vast cosmic distance and was comparable only to the Hubble radius scales of the universe. All the Casimir energy spreads out until the majority of it reaches the vicinity of the edge of the cosmos. According to a famous theorem due to the Ukrainian-Israeli scientist I. Dvoretzky, almost 96% of the total energy will be concentrated at the boundary of the universe, too far away to be measured directly. The rest of the accumulated Casimir energy density is consequently the nearly 4% to 4.5%, the existence of which is confirmed by various sophisticated cosmic measurements and observations. When all is said and done, the work is essentially yet another confirmation of Witten’s T-duality and mirror symmetry bringing nano scale and Hubble scale together in an unexpected magical yet mathematically rigorous way.

关键词： mirror symmetry Casimir Energy Dark Energy Zero Point Vacuum Energy T-Duality Nano scale-Hubble scale mobius Holographic Boundary Dvoretzky’s Theorem Banach-Tarski Theorem

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Completing Einstein’s spacetime

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Journal of modern Physics 2016年第15期7卷 1972-1994页

作者： m. s. el naschie Department of Physics Faculty of Science Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt

The four-dimensional character of Einstein’s spacetime is generally accepted in mainstream physics as beyond reasonable doubt correct. However the real problem is when we require scale invariance and that this spacetime be four-dimensional on all scales. It is true that on our classical scale, the 4D decouples into 3D plus one time dimension and that on very large scale only the curvature of spacetime becomes noticeable. However the critical problem is that such spacetime must remain 4D no matter how small the scale we are probing is. This is something of crucial importance for quantum physics. The present work addresses this basic, natural and logical requirement and shows how many contradictory results and shortcomings of relativity and quantum gravity could be eliminated when we “complete” Einstein’s spacetime in such a geometrical gauge invariant way. Concurrently the work serves also as a review of the vast Literature on E-Infinity theory used here.

关键词： E-Infinity Cantorian spacetime self-similarity m-Theory Kaluza-Klein space Fuzzy Kähler manifolds Continued Fraction Isomorphic Length Geometrical Gauge Invariance

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The speed of the Passing of Time as Yet Another Facet of Cosmic Dark Energy

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Journal of modern Physics 2016年第15期7卷 2103-2125页

作者： m. s. el naschie Department of Physics Faculty of Science Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt

The topological speed of light which may be used to compute the density of ordinary energy and dark energy of the cosmos is replaced by dimensionless quantity taken from special Relativity. The said quantity may be interpreted as akin to time dilation ergo a notion topologically equivalent to the speed of the passing of time or the difference of elapsed time between two events in Einstein’s Relativity Theory. This results via Newton’s kinetic energy into the well-known observationally confirmed and accurately measured 4.5 and 95.5 percent of ordinary and dark Cosmic Energy density respectively.

关键词： Topological speed of Light speed of Passing of Time Dark Energy Einstein special Relativity E-Infinity Theory Cantorian spacetime

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On a Quantum Gravity Fractal spacetime Equation: QRG &simeq;HD + FG and Its Application to Dark Energy—Accelerated Cosmic Expansion

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Journal of modern Physics 2016年第8期7卷 729-736页

作者： mohamed s. el naschie Department of Physics University of Alexandria Alexandria Egypt

The paper suggests that quantum relativistic gravity (QRG) is basically a higher dimensionality (HD) simulating relativity and non-classical effects plus a fractal Cantorian spacetime geometry (FG) simulating quantum mechanics. This more than just a conceptual equation is illustrated by integer approximation and an exact solution of the dark energy density behind cosmic expansion.

关键词： Fractal Cantorian spacetime Quantum Relativity superstrings Transfinite set Theory Extra spacetime Dimensions Quantum Physics Dark Energy Accelerated Cosmic Expansion Cosmic Topology Hyperbolic Geometry E-Infinity Theory Post modernistic Physics

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Quantum Fractals and the Casimir-Dark Energy Duality—The Road to a Clean Quantum Energy Nano Reactor

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Journal of modern Physics 2015年第9期6卷 1321-1333页

作者： m. s. el naschie Department of Physics University of Alexandria Alexandria Egypt

Based on Witten’s T-duality and mirror symmetry we show, following earlier work, the fundamental complimentarity of the Casimir energy and dark energy. such a conclusion opens new vistas in cold fusion technology in the wider sense of the word which we tackle via fractal nano technologies leading to some design proposals for a nano Casimir-dark energy reactor.

关键词： Casimir Energy Zero Point Energy Dark Energy E-Infinity Theory Quantum set Theory Algebraic Quantum Field Cantorian spacetime Fractal Quantum Phase space mirror symmetry Witten’s T-Duality

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The hyperbolic Extension of sigalotti-Hendi-sharifzadeh’s Golden Triangle of special Theory of Relativity and the Nature of Dark Energy

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Journal of modern Physics 2013年第3期4卷 354-356页

作者： m. s. el naschie Department of Physics University of Alexandria Alexandria Egypt

Previous work by sigalotti in 2006 and recently by Hendi and sharifzadeh in 2012 showed that all the fundamental equations of special relativity may be derived from a golden mean proportioned classical-Euclidean triangle and confirmed Einstein’s famous equation E=mc2. In the present work it is shown that exchanging the Euclidean triangle with a hyperbolic one an extended quantum relativity energy equation, namely , is obtained. The relevance of this result in understanding the true nature of the “missing” so-called dark energy of the cosmos is discussed in the light of the fact that the ratio of to E=mc2 is which agrees almost completely with the latest supernova and WmAP cosmological measurements. To put it succinctly what is really missing is a quantum mechanical factor equal 1/22 in Einstein’s purely relativistic equation. This factor on the other hand is derivable from the intrinsic hyperbolic Cantor set nature of quantum entanglement.

关键词： Dark Energy Quantum Relativity Dark Dimensions Hyperbolic Geometry WmAP measurement supernova Analysis Ordinary Energy of Quantum Particles Dark Energy of Quantum Wave

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Why EIs Not Equal to mc2

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Journal of modern Physics 2014年第9期5卷 743-750页

作者： m. s. el naschie Department of Physics University of Alexandria Alexandria Egypt

We show that Einstein’s famous formula E = mc2 is actually the sum of two quantum parts, namely E = mc2/22 of the quantum particle and E = mc2 (21/22) of the quantum wave. We use first magueijo-smolin’s VsL theory to derive the relevant equation and then validate our results using ’tHooft-Veltman’s dimensional regularization. All in all our result confirms the COBE, WmAP, Planck and super nova cosmic measurements with astonishing precision.

关键词： Einstein’s Relativity Dark Energy Hawking’s Radiation Transfinite Dimensional Regularization Cantorian space-Time Renormalization

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Einstein’s General Relativity and Pure Gravity in a Cosserat and De sitter-Witten spacetime setting as the Explanation of Dark Energy and Cosmic Accelerated Expansion

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2014年第2期4卷 332-339页

作者： mohamed s. el naschie Department of Physics University of Alexandria Alexandria Egypt

Ordinary energy and dark energy density are determined using a Cosserat-Cartan and killing-Yano reinterpretation of Einstein’s special and general relativity. Thus starting from a maximally symmetric space with 528 killing vector fields corresponding to Witten’s five Branes model in eleven dimensional m-theory we reason that 504 of the 528 are essentially the components of the relevant killing-Yano tensor. In turn this tensor is related to hidden symmetries and torsional coupled stresses of the Cosserat micro-polar space as well as the Einstein-Cartan connection. Proceeding in this way the dark energy density is found to be that of Einstein’s maximal energy mc2 where m is the mass and c is the speed of light multiplied with a Lorentz factor equal to the ratio of the 504 killing-Yano tensor and the 528 states maximally symmetric space. Thus we have E (dark) = mc2 (504/528) = mc2 (21/22) which is about 95.5% of the total maximal energy density in astounding agreement with COBE, WmAP and Planck cosmological measurements as well as the type 1a supernova analysis. Finally theory and results are validated via a related theory based on the degrees of freedom of pure gravity, the theory of nonlocal elasticity as well as ‘t Hooft-Veltman renormalization method.

关键词： General Relativity Cosserat micro-Polar space Dark Energy Teleparellelism Witten’s m-Theory De sitter spacetime Killing-Yano Tensor Einstein-Cartan Relativity Pure Gravity Kaluza-Klein Theory Nonlocal elasticity 't Hooft-Veltman Renormalization

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Pinched material Einstein space-Time Produces Accelerated Cosmic Expansion

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2014年第1期4卷 80-90页

作者： m. s. el naschie Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Alexandria Alexandria Egypt

An instructive analogy between the deformation of a pinched elastic cylindrical shell and the anti-gravity behind accelerated cosmic expansion is established. subsequently the entire model is interpreted in terms of a hyperbolic fractal Rindler space-time leading to the same robust results regarding real energy and dark energy being 4.5% and 95.5% respectively in full agreement with all recent cosmological measurements.

关键词： Dark Energy Rindler space-Time Cartan Torsion Pinched elastic shells Negative Gravity Cosmic Accelerated Expansion Fractal space-Time Topological Defects Hardy’s Quantum Entanglement Hawking’s Radiation Cosserat elasticity

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