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Estimating the subsolar magnetopause position from soft X-ray images using a low-pass image filter

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 173-183页

作者： Hyangpyo Kim Hyunju K.Connor Jaewoong Jung Brian m.Walsh David Sibeck Kip D.Kuntz Frederick S.Porter Catriana K.Paw U Rousseau A.Nutter Ramiz Qudsi Rumi Nakamura michael Collier Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of Sciences8042 GrazAustria Geophysical Institute University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAlaska 99775USA National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA)Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Astronomy Department University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA Center for Space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMassachusetts 02215USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland 21218USA Howard University WashingtonDC 20059USA

The Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray Imager(LEXI)and Solar wind magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SmILE)missions will image the Earth’s dayside magneto pause and cusps in soft X-rays after their respective launches in the near future,to specify glo bal magnetic reconnection modes for varying solar wind *** suppo rt the success of these scientific missions,it is critical to develop techniques that extract the magnetopause locations from the observed soft X-ray *** this research,we introduce a new geometric equation that calculates the subsolar magnetopause position(RS)from a satellite position,the look direction of the instrument,and the angle at which the X-ray emission is *** assumptions are used in this method:(1)The look direction where soft X-ray emissions are maximized lies tangent to the magnetopause,and(2)the magnetopause surface near the subsolar point is almost spherical and thus RSis nea rly equal to the radius of the magneto pause *** create synthetic soft X-ray images by using the Open Geospace General Circulation model(OpenGGCm)global magnetohydrodynamic model,the galactic background,the instrument point spread function,and Poisson *** then apply the fast Fourier transform and Gaussian low-pass filte rs to the synthetic images to re move noise and obtain accurate look angles for the soft X-ray pea *** the filte red images,we calculate RS and its accuracy for different LEXI locations,look directions,and solar wind densities by using the OpenGGCm subsolar magnetopause location as ground *** method estimates RS with an accuracy of10 *** accuracy improves for greater solar wind densities and during southward interplanetary magnetic *** method ca ptures the magnetopause motion during southwa rd interplaneta ry magnetic field ***,the technique will enable quantitative analysis of the magnetopause motion and help reveal the daysi

关键词： soft X-ray magnetopause reconnection low-pass filter LEXI SmILE

methylome and transcriptome data integration reveals potential roles of DNA methylation and candidate biomarkers of cow Streptococcus uberis subclinical mastitis

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第2期14卷 593-613页

作者： mengqi Wang Nathalie Bissonnette mario Laterriere Pier‑Luc Dudemaine David Gagne jean‑Philippe Roy Xin Zhao marc‑Andre Sirard Eveline m.Ibeagha‑Awemu Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaSherbrookeQuebecCanada Department of Animal Science Laval UniversityQuebecQuebecCanada Quebec Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaQuebecQuebecCanada Department of Clinical Sciences Universite de MontrealSt‑HyacintheQuebecCanada Department of Animal Science McGill UniversitySte‑Anne‑De‑BellevueQuebecCanada.

Background:mastitis caused by different pathogens including Streptococcus uberis(***)is responsible for huge economic losses to the dairy *** order to investigate the potential genetic and epigenetic regulatory mecha‑nisms of subclinical mastitis due to ***,the DNA methylome(whole genome DNA methylation sequencing)and transcriptome(RNA sequencing)of milk somatic cells from cows with naturally occurring *** subclinical mastitis and healthy control cows(n=3/group)were ***:Globally,the DNA methylation levels of CpG sites were low in the promoters and first exons but high in inner exons and *** DNA methylation levels at the promoter,first exon and first intron regions were nega‑tively correlated with the expression level of genes at a whole‑genome‑wide *** general,DNA methylation level was lower in ***‑positive group(SUG)than in the control group(CTG).A total of 174,342 differentially methylated cytosines(DmCs)(FDRmCs in the context of CpG,CHG and CHH(H=A or T or C),***,101,612 methylation haplotype blocks(mHBs)were identified,including 451 mHBs that were significantly different(dmHB)between the two groups.A total of 2130 differentially expressed(DE)genes(1378 with up‑regulated and 752 with down‑regulated expression)were found in *** of methylome and transcriptome data with methGET program revealed 1623 genes with signifi‑cant changes in their methylation levels and/or gene expression changes(metGDE genes,methGET P‑valuement of genes harboring≥15 DmCs,DE genes and metGDE genes suggest significant involvement of DNA methylation changes in the regulation of the host immune response to *** infection,especially cytokine ***,discriminant correlation analysis with DIABLO method identified 26 candidate biomarkers,including 6 DE genes,15 CpG‑DmCs and 5 dmHBs that discrimina

关键词： Discriminant biomarkers Gene expression Genome‑wide DNA methylation pattern Immune processes and pathways methylation haplotype block milk somatic cell Streptococcus uberis Subclinical mastitis

PHYSIOPHARmACOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF PATHOLOGICAL PAIN STATES

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神经解剖学杂志 2001年第B7期17卷 17-21页

作者： jean-marie BESSON INSERm UNITE 161 and EPHE 2 rue d'Alésia 75014 PARIS FRANCE PharmD DSc

Recordings in both animals and humans have identified various types of nociceptors. A large number of classification systems have been proposed. For example, in cutaneous tissue in man, the existence of unmyelinated polymodal nociceptors (conduction velocitym/sec) activated by mechanical, thermal and chemical stimuli have been clearly established. Similarly Aδ mechanothermal nociceptors and high threshold Aδ mechanoreceptors have been identified. The Aδ and C nociceptors have been clearly demonstrated in

关键词：疼痛头痛生理病理药理递质传导途径细胞因子受体

Targeting harmful effects of non-excitatory amino acids as an alternative therapeutic strategy to reduce ischemic damage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第09期 2454-2463页

作者： Victoria Jiménez Carretero Iris álvarez-merz Jorge Hernández-Campano Sergei A.Kirov Jesús m.Hernández-Guijo Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic School of MedicineUniv.Autonoma de Madrid Ramón y Cajal Institute for Health Research (IryCIS) Neurobiology-Research ServiceHospital Ramón y Cajal Institute of Neuro biology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative medicine & Department of Neurosurgery Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University

The involvement of the excitatory amino acids glutamate and aspartate in ce rebral ischemia and excitotoxicity is ***,the role of non-excitatory amino acids in brain damage following a stroke or brain trauma remains largely *** release of amino acids by necrotic cells in the ischemic core may contribute to the expansion of the *** findings indicated that the reversible loss of field excitato ry postsynaptic potentials caused by transient hypoxia became irreversible when exposed to a mixture of just four non-excitatory amino acids(L-alanine,glycine,L-glutamine,and L-serine) at their plasma *** amino acids induce swelling in the somas of neurons and astrocytes during hypoxia,along with permanent dendritic damage mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate *** N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors prevented neuronal damage in the presence of these amino acids during *** is likely that astroglial swelling caused by the accumulation of these amino acids via the alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2 exchanger and system N transporters activates volume-regulated anion channels,leading to the release of excitotoxins and subsequent neuronal damage through N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor ***,previously unrecognized mechanisms involving non-excitatory amino acids may contribute to the progression and expansion of brain injury in neurological emergencies such as stroke and traumatic brain *** these pathways co uld highlight new therapeutic targets to mitigate brain injury.

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Characterization of dynamic distortion in LED light output for optical wireless communications

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Photonics Research 2021年第6期9卷 916-928页

作者： ANTON ALEXEEV jean-PAUL m.G.LINNARTZ KUmAR ARULANDU XIONG DENG Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology5600 MB EindhovenThe Netherlands Signify(Philips Lighting)Research HTC 34(WB)5656 AE EindhovenThe Netherlands

Light-emitting diodes(LEDs)are widely used for data transmission in emerging optical wireless communications(OWC)*** paper analyzes the physical processes that limit the bandwidth and cause nonlinearities in the light output of modern,high-efficiency *** processes of carrier transport,as well as carrier storage,recombination,and leakage in the active region appear to affect the communications performance,but such purely physics-based models are not yet commonly considered in the algorithms to optimize OWC *** a dynamic modeling of these phenomena,we compile a(invertable)signal processing model that describes the signal distortion and a parameter estimation procedure that is feasible in an operational communications *** combine multiple approaches for steady-state and dynamic characterization to estimate such LED *** verify that,for a high-efficiency blue GaN LED,the models become sufficiently accurate to allow digital *** compare the simulation results using the model against optical measurements of harmonic distortion and against measurements of the LED response to a deep rectangular current *** show how the topology of the model can be simplified,address the self-calibration techniques,and discuss the limits of the presented *** model is suitable for the creation of improved nonlinear equalizers to enhance the achievable bit rate in LED-based OWC systems and we believe it is significantly more realistic than LED models commonly used in communications systems.

关键词： optical distortion dynamic

Characterizing microlensing planetary system OGLE-2014-BLG-0676Lb with adaptive optics imaging

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第12期21卷 357-364页

作者： Xiao-Jia Xie Subo Dong Yossi Shvartzvald Andrew Gould Andrzej Udalski jean-Philippe Beaulieu Charles Beichman Laird miller Close Calen BHenderson Jared Rmales jean-Baptiste marquette Katie mmorzinski Christopher RGelino Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Astronomy Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 76100Israel Department of Astronomy Ohio State University140 W.18th AvenueColumbusOH 43210USA max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy Koigstuhl 17D-69117 HeidelbergGermany Astronomical Observatory University of WarsawAl.Ujazdowskie 400-478 WarszawaPoland School of Natural Sciences University of TasmaniaPrivate Bag 37 HobartTasmania 7001Australia Sorbonne Universite UPMC Universite Paris 6 et CNRSUMR 7095Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris98 bis Bd AragoF-75014 ParisFrance Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology4800 Oak Grove DrivePasadenaCA 91109USA Caltech/IPAC-NASA Exoplanet Science Institute 770 S.Wilson AvePasadenaCA 91106USA Steward Observatory University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA IPAC Mail Code 100-22Caltech1200 East California BoulevardPasadenaCA 91125USA Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux Univ.BordeauxCNRSB18Nallee Geoffroy Saint-HilaireF-33615 FessacFrance

We constrain the host-star flux of the microlensing planet OGLE-2014-BLG-0676 Lb using adaptive optics(AO)images taken by the magellan and Keck *** measure the flux of the light blended with the microlensed source to be K=16.79±0.04 mag and J=17.76±0.03 *** that the blend is the lens star,we find that the host is a 0.73_(-0.29)^(+0.14)m_(⊙)star at a distance of2.67_(-1.41)^(+0.77)kpc,where the relatively large uncertainty in angular Einstein radius measurement is the major source of *** mass of m_(p)=3.68_(-1.44)^(+0.69)m_J,the planet is likely a"super Jupiter"at a projected separation of r_(⊥)=4.53_(-2.50)^(+1.49)AU,and a degenerate model yields a similar m_p=3.73_(-1.47)^(+0.73)m_(J)at a closer separation of r_(⊥)=2.56_(-1.41)^(+0.84)*** estimates are consistent with the previous Bayesian analysis based on a Galactic ***-2014-BLG-0676 Lb belongs to a sample of planets discovered in a"secondgeneration"planetary microlensing survey and we attempt to systematically constrain host properties of this sample with high-resolution imaging to study the distribution of planets.

关键词： gravitational lensing:micro instrumentation:adaptive optics instrumentation:high angular resolution (stars:)planetary systems

Split-dose menthol-enhanced PEG vs PEG-ascorbic acid for colonoscopy preparation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第6期21卷 1938-1944页

作者： Ala I Sharara Ali H Harb Fayez S Sarkis jean m Chalhoub Rami Badreddine Fadi H mourad mahmoud Othman Omar masri Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medi-cine American University of Beirut Medical Center

AIm:To compare the efficacy and palatability of 4L polyethylene glycol electrolyte(PEG)plus sugar-free menthol candy(PEG+m)vs reduced-volume 2 L ascorbic acid-supplemented PEG(Asc PEG).mETHODS:In a randomized controlled trial setting,ambulatory patients scheduled for elective colonoscopy were prospectively *** were randomized to receive either PEG+m or Asc PEG,both splitdosed with minimal dietary *** was assessed on a linear scale of 1 to 5(1=disgusting;5=tasty).Quality of preparation was scored by assignment-blinded endoscopists using the modified Aronchick and Ottawa *** main outcomes were the palatability and efficacy of the *** outcomes included patient willingness to retake the same preparation again in the future and completion of the prescribed ***:Overall,200 patients were enrolled(100patients per arm).PEG+m was more palatable than Asc PEG(76%vs 62%,P=0.03).Completing the preparation was not different between study groups(91%PEG+m vs 86%Asc PEG,P=0.38)but more patients were willing to retake PEG+m(54%vs 40%respectively,P=0.047).There was no significant difference between PEG+m vs Asc PEG in adequate cleansing on both the modified Aronchick(82%vs77%,P=0.31)and the Ottawa scale(85%vs 74%,P=0.054).However,PEG+m was superior in the left colon on the Ottawa subsegmental score(score0-2:94%for PEG+m vs 81%for Asc PEG,P=0.005)and received significantly more excellent ratings than Asc PEG on the modified Aronchick scale(61%vs 43%,P=0.009).Both preparations performed less well in afternoon vs morning examinations(inadequate:29%vs 15.2%,P=0.02).CONCLUSION:4 L PEG plus menthol has better palatability and acceptability than 2 L ascorbic acidPEG and is associated with a higher rate of excellentpreparations;*** identifier:NCT01788709.

关键词： Colonoscopy Bowel preparation Efficacy Tolerabilit

Class C G protein-coupled receptors: reviving old couples with new partners

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Biophysics Reports 2017年第Z2期 57-63页

作者： Thor C.m?ller David moreno-Delgado jean-Philippe Pin Julie Kniazeff Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF) CNRSINSERMUniv. Montpellier

G protein-coupled receptors(GPCRs) are key players in cell communication and are encoded by the largest family in our genome. As such, GPCRs represent the main targets in drug development programs. Sequence analysis revealed several classes of GPCRs: the class A rhodopsin-like receptors represent the majority, the class B includes the secretin-like and adhesion GPCRs, the class F includes the frizzled receptors, and the class C includes receptors for the main neurotransmitters, glutamate and GABA, and those for sweet and umami taste and calcium receptors. Class C receptors are far more complex than other GPCRs, being mandatory dimers, with each subunit being composed of several domains. In this review, we summarize our actual knowledge regarding the activation mechanism and subunit organization of class C GPCRs, and how this brings information for many other GPCRs.

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macrophage populations and self-renewal:Changing the paradigm

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World Journal of Immunology 2015年第3期5卷 131-141页

作者： rym Belhareth jean-Louis mège URmITE Faculté de Médecine Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie Fonctionnelle et Pathologies UR/11ES09 FST Campus Universitaire

The origin of macrophages has been considered since several decades to be a continuum from bone marrow （Bm） to tissue via monocytes as precursors. The development of new tools such as genetic lineage tracing,parabiosis and Bm chimeras changed the paradigm of macrophage origin. In steady state, most resident macro-phages are of em.ryonic origin, whereas a monocyte origin remains prominent in pathological conditions. The findings of a proliferation of mature macrophages will oblige us to reappraise the relationship between proliferation and differentiation in macrophages. This review is based on the recent explosion of high impact articles on macrophage biology. It summarizes new data on the origin of macrophages and their self-renewal potential in steady states. While monocytes are required for intestinal macrophage development, the microglia is independent of monocyte influx and skin macrophages provide an excellent model of the balance between monocyte input and self-renewal. In addition, macrophage proliferation requires intrinsic and extrinsic factors including growth factors and cytokines. It also analyzes the impact of this new paradigm in human diseases such as athrosclerosis, cancer, infe-ctious diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. In atherosclerosis, the fnding of macrophage proliferation within the lesions will change our understanding of disease pathophysiology, this new paradigm may have therapeutical impact in the future.

关键词： macrophages Self-renewal Proliferation Homeostasis Diseases