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Long-term monitoring of cycles in Clethrionomys rutilus in the Yukon boreal forest

Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 27-36页

作者： Charles J.KREBS alice J.KENNEY B.scott GILBERT Rudy BOONSTRA Department of Zoology University of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada Renewable Resources management Program Yukon UniversityWhitehorseYukonCanada Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoOntarioCanada

Baseline studies of small rodent populations in undisturbed ecosystems are *** report here 50 years of mon-itoring and experimentation in Yukon of a dominant rodent species in the North American boreal forest,the red-backed vole Clethrionomys *** voles breed in summer,weigh 20–25 g,and reach a maximum density of 20 to 25 per *** populations have shown consistent 3–4-year cycles for the last 50 years with the only change being that peak densities averaged 8/ha until 2000 and 18/ha since that *** the last 25 years,we have measured food resources,predator numbers,and winter weather,and for 1-year social interactions,to estimate their contribution to changes in the rate of summer increase and the rate of overwinter *** these potential limiting factors could contribute to changes in density,and we measured their relative contributions statistically with multiple *** rate of winter decline in density was related to both food supply and winter *** rate of summer increase was related to summer berry crops and white spruce cone *** measure of predator numbers was related to winter or summer changes in vole *** was a large signal of climate change effects in these *** is no density dependence in summer population growth and only a weak one in winter population *** of our results provide a clear understanding of what generates 3–4-year cycles in these voles,and the major missing piece may be an understanding of social interactions at high density.

关键词： boreal forest climate change density dependence population cycles predation winter severity

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Characterisation of Resistance Potential to Biofilms microbial Contaminating Thaumatococcus daniellii and musa paradisiaca Leaves Used as Food Packaging

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2025年第1期16卷 180-194页

作者： Comoé Koffi Donatien Benie N’zebo Désiré Kouame Koua Atobla Yao Paul Attien Wako-Tianwa alice Tuo Adjaratou Traore Noutenin Joelle Diarrassouba Adjehi Dadie mireille Dosso Department of Biosciences Laboratory of Biotechnology Agriculture and Valorization of Biological Resources University of Flix Houphout Boigny Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Food Science and Technology Laboratory of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology (LMBM) University of Nangui-Abrogoua Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Bacteriology and Virology Institut Pasteur of Cte dIvoire (IPCI) Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Biochemistry-microbiology Laboratory of Agrovalorisation University of Jean Lorougnon GUEDE Daloa Cte dIvoire Department of medical Sciences University of Alassane Ouattara University Hospital Center (UHC) of Bouak Bouak Cte dIvoire

Despite their biodegradability and economic advantage, plant leaves used as packaging can constitute a public health problem. The aim of this study was to characterize the microbial diversity contaminating plant leaves used as food packaging. In total, two hundred and forty (240) samples composed of Thaumatococcus daniellii and musa paradisiaca leaves were collected and analyzed. microbial diversity was assessed using specific medium and biochemical tests. The resistance profile was determined by the müeller-Hinton agar diffusion method. The resistance (blaSHV, blaImP, blaTEm) and biofilm formation (pslA, pelA) genes were searched by PCR method. Plant leaves were contaminated by bacterial (68.7%) and fungal (100%) strains. Extreme bacterial (7.1 log10 cfu/cm2) and fungal (3.5 log10 cfu/cm2) loads were obtained on Thaumatococcus daniellii leaves. Bacterial prevalence was 45.1% (S. aureus), 38.8% (E. coli) and 16.1 (P. aeruginosa). In order of decreasing importance, the prevalence of fungal species was 41.1% (A. flavus), 33.1% (A. fumigattus), 13.7% (A. niger) and 12.1% Candida sp. Resistance of E. coli to penicillins ranges from 31.6% to 87.3% and to cephalosporins from 13.3% to 28%. The P. aeruginosa strains were mainly resistant to aztreonam (87.6%). Those of S. aureus showed resistance to tetracycline (67.6), vancomycin (53), erythromycin (44.6) and levofloxacin (32.7). The blaSHV (14.28% to 18.60%) and blaImP (9.52% to 16.28%) genes were detected in the bacterial strains. P. aeruginosa strains (19.05%) harbored the pslA and pelA genes. The health safety of these biodegradable plant-based packaging contributes to their valorization.

关键词： Resistance Biofilm Genes Thaumatococcus daniellii musa paradisiaca

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Deciphering the epitranscriptome： A green perspective

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第10期58卷 822-835页

作者： alice Burgess School of Biological Sciences The University of Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia School of Agriculture Food and Wine The WaiteResearch Institute The University of Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia The University of Adelaide and Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint International Centre for Agriculture and Health Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences AdelaideAustralia

The advent of high-throughput sequencing technol- ogies coupled with new detection methods of RNA modifica- tions has enabled investigation of a new layer of gene regulation - the epitranscriptome. With over loo known RNA modifications, understanding the repertoire of RNA modifications is a huge undertaking. This review summarizes what is known about RNA modifications with an emphasis on discoveries in plants. RNA ribose modifications, base methyl- ations and pseudouridylation are required for normal develop- ment in Arabidopsis, as mutations in the enzymes modifying them have diverse effects on plant development and stress responses. These modifications can regulate RNA structure, turnover and translation. Transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA modifications have been mapped extensively and their functions investigated in many organisms, including plants. Recent work exploring the locations, functions and targeting of N6-methyladenosine （m^6A）, 5-methylcytosine （m^5C）, pseudour- idine （up）, and additional modifications in mRNAs and ncRNAs are highlighted, as well as those previously known on tRNAs and rRNAs. many questions remain as to the exact mechanisms of targeting and functions of specific modified sites and whether these modifications have distinct functions in the different classes of RNAs.

关键词： RNA modifications epitranscriptome RNA 5-methylcytosine (m^5C) N^6-methyladenosine (m^6A) Pseudouridine (φ) Arabidopsis

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Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks and Edge Computing for Rapid Acoustic monitoring

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2019年第1期6卷 64-74页

作者： Zhengguo Sheng Saskia Pfersich alice Eldridge Jianshan Zhou Daxin Tian Victor C.m.Leung the Department of Engineering and Design University of Sussex Infineon Technologies AG the Department of music University of Sussex Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing (BDBC) Beijing Key Laboratory for Cooperative Vehicle Infrastructure Systems & Safety ControlSchool of Transportation Science and EngineeringBeihang University the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of British Columbia

Passive acoustic monitoring is emerging as a promising solution to the urgent, global need for new biodiversity assessment methods. The ecological relevance of the soundscape is increasingly recognised, and the affordability of robust hardware for remote audio recording is stimulating international interest in the potential for acoustic methods for biodiversity *** scale of the data involved requires automated methods,however, the development of acoustic sensor networks capable of sampling the soundscape across time and space and relaying the data to an accessible storage location remains a significant technical challenge, with power management at its core. Recording and transmitting large quantities of audio data is power intensive,hampering long-term deployment in remote, off-grid locations of key ecological interest. Rather than transmitting heavy audio data, in this paper, we propose a low-cost and energy efficient wireless acoustic sensor network integrated with edge computing structure for remote acoustic monitoring and in situ *** and computation of acoustic indices are carried out directly on edge devices built from low noise primo condenser microphones and Teensy microcontrollers, using internal FFT hardware support. Resultant indices are transmitted over a ZigBee-based wireless mesh network to a destination *** tests of audio quality, indices computation and power consumption demonstrate acoustic equivalence and significant power savings over current solutions.

关键词： Acoustic sensor networks edge computing energy efficiency

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Experimental Analysis of Atypically Long Finned Oscillating Heat Pipe for Ventilation Waste Heat Recovery Application

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Journal of Thermal Science 2020年第3期29卷 667-675页

作者： mAHAJAN Govinda CHO Heejin SmITH Aaron THOmPSON scott m. Rheem manufacturing MontgomeryAL 36109USA Department of mechanical Engineering Mississippi State UniversityMsissippi StateMS 39762USA Department of mechanical Engineering Auburn UniversityAubumnAL 36849USA

Oscillating heat pipes(OHP)which are constructed from a serpentine-arranged capillary tube possess a desirable aerodynamic form factor and provide for relatively high heat transfer rates via cyclic evaporation and condensation of an encapsulated working fluid with no internal wicking structure *** last two decades,OHP has been extensively investigated for its potential application in thermal management of various *** study presents an experimental investigation on the heat transfer performance of an atypically long finned *** heat transfer performance of the proposed OHP was analyzed and compared with a bare tube OHP with similar overall *** show that a unit row of finned OHP filled with n-pentane with fill ratio of 70%can recover up to(400±40)W of heat from a typical waste exhaust air *** additional pressure drop due to fins was estimated to be(6.8±2)Pa resulting in an increase of 1–2 W of fan power *** average heat recovery rate via finned OHP was found to be almost 80%more than bare tube OHP filled with same working fluid with same fill ratio.

关键词： oscillating heat pipe waste heat recovery ventilation

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Role of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan signaling in regulating neuroinflammation following spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第12期13卷 2080-2082页

作者： scott m.Dyck Soheila Karimi-Abdolrezaee Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology the Regenerative Medicine Program the Spinal Cord Research Center University of Manitoba

Spinal cord injury （SCI） elicits a robust inflammatory response that is a hallmark of the secondary injury mechanisms. Neuroinflammation is orchestrated initially by the response of resident astrocytes and microglia to injury, which subsequently facilitates the recruitment of peripheral immune cells into the SCI lesion （Orr and Gensel, 2018）. This inflammatory response contributes to cell death and tissue degeneration through the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, free radicals and proteolytic enzymes. However, neuroinflammatory cells also play beneficial regulatory role in repair mechanisms after SCI by adopting a reparative and wound healing phenotype （Orr and Gensel, 2018; Tran et al., 2018）. Hence, understanding the underlying mechanisms by which immune cells are reg- ulated within the microenvironment of injury would aid in harnessing the reparative potential of inflammation following SCI.

关键词： Role of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan signaling in regulating neuroinflammation following spinal cord injury PTP SCI

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Identification of proteins involved in lignocellulose degradation using in gel zymogram analysis combined with mass spectroscopy-based peptide analysis of gut proteins from larval Asian Ionghorned beetles, Anoplophora glabripennis

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Insect Science 2010年第3期17卷 253-264页

作者： scott m. Geib ming Tien Kelli Hoover Departments of Biochemistry and molecular Biology Departments of Entomology The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA

Enzyme activities toward lignocellulose substrates were analyzed in the gut of larval Asian longhorned beetle （Anoplophora glabripennis）. Total protein was extracted from gut contents of wild collected larvae from an invasive population in Worchester, mA, USA. From these protein extracts, lignocellulolytic activities were measured （β-1,4- endoglucanase,β-1,4-glucosidase and birch wood xylanase）.β-1,4-glucosidase activity was 0.075 μmol glucose/mg protein per min, endoglucanase activity was measured at 0.41/zmol glucose/mg protein per min and xylanase activity was 0.058μmol xylose/mg protein per min. To identify specific enzymes that may provide these activities, zymogram analysis was performed to detect enzymes active toward carboxymethyl cellulose （CmC）, 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-D-glueopyranoside and birch wood xylan. Three protein bands were found to be active toward CmC, three displayed β-1,4-glucosidase, and one displayed xylanase activity. Proteins from active bands from these zymograms were then identified by in-gel trypsin digestions followed by peptide identification by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization - time of flight - time of flight mass spectrometry （mS）. A custom A. glabripennis transcriptome database was used for peptide identification, giving highly significant matches in all mS analyses. These matches were then searched against the National Center for Biotechnology Information database to provide annotation to the transcripts and provide possible classification. From these analyses, we were able to detect enzymes active toward cellulose and xylan, and proteins putatively involved in lignocellulose degradation in the gut of this wood-feeding insect. Future research will be focused on characterizing these enzymes through cloning and expression experiments and understanding how the lignocellulose degradation system functions in the gut of this insect.

关键词： beta-glucosidase cellulase Cerambycidae endoglucanase proteomics xylanase

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Squirrel Search Optimization with Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Human Pose Estimation

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Computers, materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 6081-6099页

作者： K.Ishwarya A.alice Nithya Department of Computational Intelligence SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur603203TamilnaduIndia

Human pose estimation(HPE)is a procedure for determining the structure of the body pose and it is considered a challenging issue in the computer vision(CV)*** finds its applications in several fields namely activity recognition and human-computer *** the benefits of HPE,it is still a challenging process due to the variations in visual appearances,lighting,occlusions,dimensionality,*** resolve these issues,this paper presents a squirrel search optimization with a deep convolutional neural network for HPE(SSDCNN-HPE)*** major intention of the SSDCNN-HPE technique is to identify the human pose accurately and ***,the video frame conversion process is performed and pre-processing takes place via bilateral filtering-based noise removal ***,the EfficientNet model is applied to identify the body points of a person with no problem ***,the hyperparameter tuning of the EfficientNet model takes place by the use of the squirrel search algorithm(SSA).In the final stage,the multiclass support vector machine(m-SVm)technique was utilized for the identification and classification of human *** design of bilateral filtering followed by SSA based EfficientNetmodel for HPE depicts the novelty of the *** demonstrate the enhanced outcomes of the SSDCNN-HPE approach,a series of simulations are *** experimental results reported the betterment of the SSDCNN-HPE system over the recent existing techniques in terms of different measures.

关键词： Parameter tuning human pose estimation deep learning squirrel search algorithm activity recognition

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Telemedicine for sarcoma patient care

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Journal of Cancer metastasis and Treatment 2022年第1期8卷 140-149页

作者： scott m.Schuetze Division of Hematology/Oncology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA

Telemedicine is being incorporated into routine healthcare,including *** integration of telemedicine with patient electronic medical records and the adoption of virtual provider-patient encounters was accelerated by the SARS-CoV2 worldwide *** telemedicine has existed for more than 50 years,the impact of telemedicine on patient care and health outcomes is relatively understudied,and little research has been conducted on telehealth in the care of patients with *** review discusses the potential applications of telemedicine to the care of patients with sarcoma and some of the data available on patient and provider preferences for telemedicine ***-person healthcare *** of the areas of care in which greater adoption of telemedicine may be beneficial to patients with sarcoma are also discussed.

关键词： Sarcoma telemedicine telepathology telehealth virtual multidisciplinary

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Trends and outcomes of transarterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma:a national survey

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2017年第6期16卷 624-630页

作者： Khalid mumtaz Nishi Patel Rohan m modi Vihang Patel alice Hinton James Hanje Sylvester m Black Somashaker Krishna Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OHUSA Department of Internal medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OHUSA Department of Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OHUSA Division of Biostatistics College of Public Health The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA

BACKGROUND:Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) is a palliative procedure frequently used in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). We examined the national inpatient trends of TACE and related outcomes in the United States over the last ***:We utilized the National Inpatient Sample(2002 to 2012) and performed trend analyses of TACE for HCC in all adult patients(age >18 years). multivariate analyses for the outcomes of in-hospital "procedure-related complications"(PRCs) and "post-procedure complications"(PPCs) were performed. We also compared early(2002 to 2006) and late(2007 to 2012) eras by multivariate analyses to identify predictors of complications, healthcare resource utilization and ***:Overall, 19058 patients underwent TACE for HCC where PRCs and PPCs were seen in 24.2% and 17.6% of patients, respectively. The overall trends in the use of TACE(Pmortality [adjusted Odds ratio(a OR):0.58; 95% CI:0.41, 0.82], reduced length of hospital stay(-1.87 days; 95% CI:-2.77,-0.97) and increased hospital charges($19232; 95% CI:11013, 27451) in the late era. Additionally, there was increased mortality(a OR:4.07; 95% CI:2.96, 5.59), PRCs(a OR:3.21; 95% CI:2.56, 4.02), and PPCs(a OR:2.70; 95% CI:2.11, 3.46) among patients with ***:There is an increasing trend of TACE utilization in HCC. However, the outcomes are worse in patients with coagulopathy. Although PRCs have increased, mortality has decreased in recent years. These findings should be considered during TACE evaluation in patients with HCC.

关键词： transarterial chemoembolization hepatocellular carcinoma procedural complications mortality

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