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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2012年第S1期19卷 252-255页

作者： gregory m POOLE Nagy EL-KADDAH Department of metallurgical Engineering University of Alabama35487TuscaloosaAlabama USA

This paper describes a comprehensive model for predicting the evolution of the velocity and temperature fields in electromagnetically-driven flows during *** electromagnetic field was formulated using the mutual inductance method,which accounts for the metal,chill blocks,and magnetic *** model solves the heat transfer equation throughout the system,as well as the fluid flow equations in the liquid and mushy regions.A two-zone model for the mushy region that accounts for dampening of momentum by the turbulent field has been *** turbulence in the molten region was determined using the k-s *** were performed for unidirectional solidification in a bottom chill mold placed in a stationary magnetic *** results show that the flow field at the beginning of solidification shows typical four recirculating loops,and later evolves to two recirculating loops as solidification *** magnitude of the velocity in the bulk liquid was found to decrease as solidification progresses.

关键词： solidification electromagnetic stirring flow in bulk and mushy region turbulence

Beyond the SDG 15.3.1 Good Practice Guidance 1.0 using the Google Earth Engine platform: developing a self-adjusting algorithm to detect significant changes in water use efficiency and net primary production

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Big Earth Data 2023年第1期7卷 59-80页

作者： Andrea markos Neil Sims gregory Giuliani Foundation for the Conservation of the Chiquitano Forest Santa CruzBolivia Bolivian National Academy of Sciences La PazBolivia Centre for Earth Observation Space&AstronomyCSIROClaytonAustralia GEO LDN Initiative Institute for Environmental Sciences EnviroSPACE LabUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland Institute for Environmental Sciences GRID-GenevaUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland

monitoring changes in Annual Net Primary Productivity(ANPP)is required for reporting on UN Sustainable Development Goal(SDG)Indicator 15.3.1:the proportion of land that is degraded over the total land *** time-series observations of ANPP to derive Water Use Efficiency(WUE;a measure of ANPP per unit of evapotranspiration)can minimize the influence of climate factors on ANPP observations and highlight the influence of non-climatic drivers of degradation such as land use *** the ANPP and WUE time series may be useful for identifying the primary drivers of land degradation,which could be used to support the Land Degradation Neutrality objectives of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification(UNCCD).This paper presents an algorithm for the Google Earth Engine(freely and openly available upon request-http://***/10.5281/zenodo.4429773)to calculate and compare ANPP and WUE time series for Santa Cruz,Bolivia,which has recently experienced an intensification in its land *** code builds on the Good Practice Guidance document(ver-sion 1)for monitoring SDG Indicator *** use the mODIS 16-day average,250 m resolution to demonstrate that the Enhanced Vegetation Index(EVI)responds faster to changes in water avail-ability than the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI).We also consider the relationships between ANPP and *** and concordant trends may highlight good agricultural practices or increased resilience in ecosystem structure and productivity when they are positive or reducing resilience and functional integrity if *** sign and significance of the correlation between ANPP and WUE may also diverge over *** further analysis,it may be possible to interpret this relationship in terms of the drivers of change in plant productivity and ecosystem resilience.

关键词： Land degradation land productivity water use efficiency Google Earth Engine mODIS Good Practice Guidance SDG 15.3.1

Insights on augmenter of liver regeneration cloning and function

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第31期12卷 4951-4958页

作者： Elisavet Gatzidou gregory Kouraklis Stamatios Theocharis Department of Forensic medicine and ToxicologySecond Department of Propedeutic Surgery University of AthensMedical SchoolAthensGreece Second Department of Propedeutic SurgeryUniversity of Athens Medical SchoolLaikon General HospitalAthensGreece Department of Forensic medicine and ToxicologyUniversity of Athens Medical SchoolAthensGreece

Hepatic stimulator substance （HSS） has been referred to as a liver-specific but species non-specific growth factor. Gradient purification and sequence analysis of HSS protein indicated that it contained the augmenter of liver regeneration （ALR）, also known as hepatopoietin （HPO）. ALR, acting as a hepatotrophic growth factor, specifically stimulated proliferation of cultured hepatocytes as well as hepatoma cells in vitro, promoted liver regeneration and recovery of damaged hepatocytes and rescued acute hepatic failure in vivo. ALR belongs to the new Erv1/Alr protein family, members of which are found in lower and higher eukaryotes from yeast to man and even in some double-stranded DNA viruses. The present review article focuses on the molecular biology of ALR, examining the ALR gene and its expression from yeast to man and the biological function of ALR protein. ALR protein seems to be non-liver-specific as was previously believed, increasing the necessity to extend research on mammalian ALR protein in different tissues, organs and developmental stages in conditions of normal and abnormal cellular growth.

关键词： Hepatic stimulator substance Augmenter of liver regeneration Liver regeneration molecular biology

Homogalacturonan methyI-Esterification and Plant Development

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molecular Plant 2009年第5期2卷 851-860页

作者： Sebastian Wolf gregory mouille Jerome Pelloux Heidelberg Institute for Plant Science Im Neuenheimer Feld 360 69120 Heidelberg Germany Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin INRA Centre de Versailles-Grignon Route de St Cyr 78026 Versailles France EA3900-BioPI Biologie des Plantes et contrble des Insectes ravageurs Universite de Picardie 33 Rue St Leu 80039 Amiens France

The ability of a plant cell to expand is largely defined by the physical constraints imposed by its cell wall. Accordingly, cell wall properties have to be regulated during development. The pectic polysaccharide homogalacturonan is a major component of the plant primary walls. Biosynthesis and in muro modification of homogalacturonan have recently emerged as key determinants of plant development, controlling cell adhesion, organ development, and phyllotactic patterning. This review will focus on recent findings regarding impact of homogalacturonan content and methylesterification status of this polymer on plant life. Demethyl-esterification of homogalacturonan occurs through the action of the ubiquitous enzyme ＇pectin methyl-esterase＇. We here describe various strategies developed by the plant to finely tune the methyl-esterification status of homogalacturonan along key events of the plant lifecycle.

关键词： Carbohydrate metabolism cell walls Arabidopsis Pectin.

3D tissue engineering,an emerging technique for pharmaceutical research

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2018年第5期8卷 756-766页

作者： gregory Jensen Christian morrill Yu Huang Department of Biological Engineering Utah State University

Tissue engineering and the tissue engineering model have shown promise in improving methods of drug delivery, drug action, and drug discovery in pharmaceutical research for the attenuation of the central nervous system inflammatory response. Such inflammation contributes to the lack of regenerative ability of neural cells, as well as the temporary and permanent loss of function associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and traumatic brain injury. This review is focused specifically on the recent advances in the tissue engineering model made by altering scaffold biophysical and biochemical properties for use in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. A portion of this article will also be spent on the review of recent progress made in extracellular matrix decellularization as a new and innovative scaffold for disease treatment.

关键词： Tissue engineering Decellularization Neurodegenerative disease Drug screening Neuroinflammation 3D cell culture

Primary cilia as a novel horizon between neuron and environment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第8期12卷 1225-1230页

作者： gregory W.Kirschen Qiaojie Xiong medical Scientist Training Program Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA Department of Neurobiology & Behavior Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA

The primary cilium, a hair-like sensory organelle found on most mammalian cells, has gained recent attention within the field of neuroscience. Although neural primary cilia have been known to play a role in embryonic central nervous system patterning, we are just beginning to appreciate their importance in the mature organism. After several decades of investigation and controversy, the neural primary cilium is emerging as an important regulator of neuroplasticity in the healthy adult central nervous system. Further, primary cilia have recently been implicated in disease states such as cancer and epilepsy. Intriguingly, while primary cilia are expressed throughout the central nervous system, their structure, receptors, and signaling pathways vary by anatomical region and neural cell type. These differences likely bear relevance to both their homeostatic and neuropathological functions, although much remains to be uncovered. In this review, we provide a brief historical overview of neural primary cilia and highlight several key advances in the field over the past few decades. We then set forth a proposed research agenda to fill in the gaps in our knowledge regarding how the primary cilium functions and malfunctions in nervous tissue, with the ultimate goal of targeting this sensory structure for neural repair following injury.

关键词： G protein-coupled receptor sonic hedgehog seizure stroke stem cell neurogenesis plasticity

Regression of recurrent granulosa cell tumor liver metastases following selective internal radiation therapy

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2023年第4期22卷 406-408页

作者： Omar A mownah John D Leahy Jeffrey Summers Stephen m gregory Nigel D Heaton Institute of Liver Studies King’s Healthcare PartnersKing’s College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustDenmark HillLondon SE59RSUK Department of Oncology Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS TrustMaidstone ME169QQUK

Granulosa cell tumor(GCT)is the most common sex cordstromal tumor,comprising 5%of all ovarian malignancies[1].The disease course is indolent,and the majority of cases present at stage ***,metastases may develop with potential sites being peritoneum,lung,brain,liver and bone[2].Due to the rarity of the disease,published evidence for management of granulosa cell tumor liver metastases(GCTLm)is *** resection is the optimal treatment in instances where there is a high chance of achieving complete resection[3].With regards to unresectable GCTLm there is a paucity of evidence to guide treatment strategy.

关键词： metastases liver lung

Smaller and bolder prey snails have higher survival in staged encounters with the sea star Pisaster giganteus

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Current Zoology 2017年第6期63卷 633-638页

作者： William C. FOSTER Connor m. ARmSTRONG gregory T. CHISm Jonathan N. PRUITT Department of Ecology Evolution and Marine Biology University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA93180 USA

Temporally consistent individual differences in behavior, also known as animal personality, can have large impacts on individual fitness. Here, we explore the degree to which individual differences in anti-predator response （or boldness） influence survival rates in groups of snails Chlorostoma funebralis when they encounter a predatory sea star Pisaster giganteus. The snail C. funebralis shows consistent individual variation in predator response where some fearful snails actively flee bodies of water occupied by predators whereas bolder snails consistently do not. We show here that bold snails are significantly more likely to survive encounters with a predatory sea star and, somewhat counterintuitively, fearful snails actually suffer higher mortality rates. We also found that smaller snails and those occurring at higher experimental densities experienced higher per capita survival rates. Positive effects of prey boldness on survival are not uncommonly reported in the animal personality literature; however, such results are inconsistent with classic animal personality theory borrowed from the optimal foraging literature. The findings herein add to the growing body of evidence that consistent individual differences in behavior can impact predator-prey interactions and that boldness is potentially under positive predator-driven selection in some systems.

关键词： behavioral syndrome behavioral type predation risk personality survival selection temperament.

mechanism-directed combinational immunotherapies in liver cancer hold promise

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2023年第11期20卷 1395-1397页

作者： gregory marshall Jian Cao Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey New BrunswickNJ08901USA Department of medicine Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolRutgersThe State University of New JerseyNew BrunswickNJ08901USA

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most prevalent form of primary liver cancer,and it is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality *** primary causes of HCC include chronic infections with hepatitis B virus... 详细信息

关键词： cancer mortality hepatitis

Sieve element occlusion provides resistance against Aphis gossypii in TGR-1551 melons

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Insect Science 2020年第1期27卷 33-48页

作者： Hsuan-Chieh Peng gregory P.Walker Department of microbiology and Plant Pathology University of CaliforniaRiversideCaliforniaUSA Department of Entomology University of CaliforniaRiversideCaliforniaUSA

Feeding behavior and plant response to feeding were studied for the aphid Aphis gossypii Glover on susceptible and resistant melons(*** and TGR-1551,respectively).Average phloem phase bout duration on TGR-1551 wasm phase that attained ingestion(EPG waveform E2)in contrast to only 7% of aphids on *** bout duration of waveform E2(scored as zero if phloem phase did not attain E2)on TGR-1551 wasm El(sieve element salivation)was 2.8 times greater on TGR-1551 than on *** a second experiment,liquid nitrogen was used to rapidly cryofix leaves and aphids within a few minutes after the aphids penetrated a sieve *** near the penetration site was then examined by confocal laser scanning ***-six percent of penetrated sieve elements were occluded by protein in TGR-1551 in contrast to only 28% in *** in TGR-1551,occlusion was also observed in nearby nonpenetrated sieve ***,a calcium channel blocker,trivalent lanthanum,was used to prevent phloem occlusion in TGR-1551,and *** feeding behavior and the plants phloem response were compared between lanthanum-treated and control *** treatment eliminated the sieve element protein occlusion response and the aphids readily ingested phloem sap from treated *** study provides strong evidence that phloem occlusion is a mechanism for resistance against *** in TGR-1551.

关键词： aphid feeding behavior Aphis gossypii Cucumis melo insect-plant resistance phloem occlusion sieve element occlusion proteins