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Percutaneous nephrostomy versus ureteral stent in hydronephrosis secondary to obstructive urolithiasis:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 261-270页

作者： Andreia Cardoso Aparício Coutinho gonçalo Neto Sara Anacleto Catarina Laranjo Tinoco Nuno morais m.rio Cerqueira-Alves Estevão Lima Paulo mota Department of Urology Hospital de BragaBragaPortugal School of medicine University of MinhoBragaPortugal Association(2CA-Braga).School of medicine University of MinhoBragaPortugal

Objective: To assess if there is a preferable intervention between retrograde ureteral stent (RUS) and percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) tube, in cases of upper urinary tract stone obstruction with complications requiring urgent drainage, by evaluating outcomes regarding urinary symptoms, quality of life (QoL), spontaneous stone passage, and length of hospital stays, since there is no literature stating the superiority of one modality over the other.methods: We searched mEDLINE and other sources for relevant articles in June 2019 without any date restrictions or filters applied. The selection was done first by the title and abstract screening and then by full-text assessment for eligibility. Only randomized controlled trials or cohort studies in patients with hydronephrosis secondary to obstructive urolithiasis that presented comparative data between PCN and RUS placement concerning at least one of the defined outcome measures were included. Lastly, mEDLINE database and Pubmed platform were screened again using the same terms, from June 2019 until November 2022.Results: Of 556 initial articles, seven were included in this review. most works were considered of moderate-to-high quality. Three studies regarding QoL showed a tendency against stenting, even though only one demonstrated statistically significant negative impact on overall health state. Two works reported significantly more post-intervention urinary symptoms in stenting patients. One article found that PCN is a significant predictor of spontaneous stone passage, when adjusted for stone size and location. Findings on length of hospital stays were not consistent among articles.Conclusion: PCN appears to be the intervention better tolerated, with less impact on the patient’s perceived QoL and less post-operative urinary symptoms, in comparison with RUS. Nevertheless, further studies with larger samples and a randomized controlled design are suggested.

关键词： Ureteral stent Percutaneous nephrostomy Obstructive urolithiasis Urinary symptoms Quality of life

Carbon monoxide as C1 Building Block in Fine Chemical Synthesis

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第2期42卷 199-221页

作者： Rui m.B.Carrilho m.rio J.F.Calvete gabor mikle Laszlo Kollar mariette m.Pereira University of Coimbra Coimbra Chemistry CentreDepartment of ChemistryRua Larga3004-535 CoimbraPortugal Department of general and Inorganic Chemistry and ELKH-PTE Research groupfor Selective Chemical Syntheses University of PecsIfjusag utja 6H-7624 PecsHungary

Carbon monoxide(CO)has become one of the most relevant and versatile renewable C1 building blocks for chemical synthesis,especially in the fine chemicals industry,due to the development of efficient and selective catalysts for its activation.In this review,we present a comprehensive critical analysis of the last 10 years literature on the use of CO as a renewable feedstock for fine chemicals production.The review is organized by type of catalytic reaction,namely alkene and alkyne carbonylation,hydroformylation,carbonylation of aryl halides,carbonylative cross-coupling and C-H carbonylation.Notable examples of the synthesis of relevant building blocks and/or known pharmaceuticals are highlighted.Emphasis is placed on examples of utilizing CO as the C1 building block in one or more catalytic steps.The catalyst used and the reaction conditions are consistently presented throughout all of the examples.

关键词： Carbon monoxide Fine chemicals Carbonylation Hydroformylation C-H functionalization

Photonics of time-varying media

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Advanced Photonics 2022年第1期4卷 30-61页

作者： Emanuele galiffi Romain Tirole Shixiong Yin Huanan Li Stefano Vezzoli Paloma A.Huidobro m.rio g.silveirinha Riccardo Sapienza Andrea Alù J.B.Pendry City University of New York Photonics InitiativeAdvanced Science Research CenterNew YorkUnited States Imperial College London Blackett LaboratoryDepartment of PhysicsLondonUnited Kingdom Nankai University School of PhysicsTianjinChina Instituto de Telecomunicações Instituto Superior Técnico-University of LisbonLisboaPortugal City University of New York Physics ProgramGraduate CenterNew YorkUnited States

Time-varying media have recently emerged as a new paradigm for wave manipulation,due to the synergy between the discovery of highly nonlinear materials,such as epsilon-near-zero materials,and the quest for wave applications,such as magnet-free nonreciprocity,multimode light shaping,and ultrafast switching.In this review,we provide a comprehensive discussion of the recent progress achieved with photonic metamaterials whose properties stem from their modulation in time.We review the basic concepts underpinning temporal switching and its relation with spatial scattering and deploy the resulting insight to review photonic time-crystals and their emergent research avenues,such as topological and non-Hermitian physics.We then extend our discussion to account for spatiotemporal modulation and its applications to nonreciprocity,synthetic motion,giant anisotropy,amplification,and many other effects.Finally,we conclude with a review of the most attractive experimental avenues recently demonstrated and provide a few perspectives on emerging trends for future implementations of time-modulation in photonics.

关键词： time-varying media temporal modulation metamaterials switching optics photonics light

Experimental verification of ill-defined topologies and energy sinks in electromagnetic continua

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Advanced Photonics 2022年第3期4卷 97-104页

作者： David E.Fernandes Ricardo A.m.Pereira Sylvain Lannebère Tiago A.morgado m.rio g.silveirinha University of Coimbra Instituto de Telecomunicações and Department of Electrical EngineeringCoimbraPortugal University of Aveiro Instituto de TelecomunicaçõesDepartment of ElectronicsTelecommunications and InformaticsAveiroPortugal University of Lisbon Instituto Superior Técnico and Instituto de TelecomunicaçõesDepartment of Electrical EngineeringLisboaPortugal

.It is experimentally verified that nonreciprocal photonic systems with continuous translation symmetry may have an ill-defined topology.The topological classification of such systems is only feasible when the material response is regularized with a spatial-frequency cutoff.We experimentally demonstrate that adjoining a small air layer to the relevant material interface may effectively imitate an idealized spatial cutoff that suppresses the nonreciprocal response for short wavelengths and regularizes the topology.Furthermore,it is experimentally verified that nonreciprocal systems with an ill-defined topology may be used to abruptly halt the energy flow in a unidirectional waveguide due to the violation of the bulk-edge correspondence.In particular,we report the formation of an energy sink that absorbs the incoming electromagnetic waves with a large field enhancement at the singularity.

关键词： topological photonics nonreciprocity topological singularities bulk edge correspondence.

Rifaximin on epigenetics and autophagy in animal model of hepatocellular carcinoma secondary to metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第1期16卷 75-90页

作者： matheus Truccolo michalczuk Larisse Longo melina Belén Keingeski Bruno de Souza Basso gabriel Tayguara Silveira guerreiro Jessica T Ferrari JoséEduardo Vargas Cláudia P Oliveira Carolina Uribe-Cruz Carlos Thadeu Schmidt Cerski Eduardo Filippi-Chiela m.rio ReisÁlvares-da-Silva Division of gastroenterology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil graduate Program in gastroenterology and Hepatology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90035-003Rio Grande do SulBrazil Experimental Laboratory of Hepatology and gastroenterology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil Laboratory of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Cells Universidade Federal do ParanáParaná81530900Brazil Department of gastroenterology(LIm07) Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo 01246903Brazil Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Católica de las MisionesPosadasMisiones 3300Argentina Unit of Surgical Pathology Hospital de Clinicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil Center of Biotechnology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90035-003Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of morphological Sciences Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90.050-170Rio Grande do SulBrazil Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq)ResearcherBrasília 71.605-001Brazil

BACKgROUND Prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is increasing,especially in patients with metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease(mASLD).AIm To investigate rifaximin(RIF)effects on epigenetic/autophagy markers in animals.mETHODS Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned(n=8,each)and treated from 5-16 wk:Control[standard diet,water plus gavage with vehicle(Veh)],HCC[high-fat choline deficient diet(HFCD),diethylnitrosamine(DEN)in drinking water and Veh gavage],and RIF[HFCD,DEN and RIF(50 mg/kg/d)gavage].gene expression of epigenetic/autophagy markers and circulating miRNAs were obtained.RESULTS All HCC and RIF animals developed metabolic-dysfunction associated steatohepatitis fibrosis,and cirrhosis,but three RIF-group did not develop HCC.Comparing animals who developed HCC with those who did not,miR-122,miR-34a,tubulin alpha-1c(Tuba-1c),metalloproteinases-2(mmp2),and metalloproteinases-9(mmp9)were significantly higher in the HCC-group.The opposite occurred with Becn1,coactivator associated arginine methyltransferase-1(Carm1),enhancer of zeste homolog-2(Ezh2),autophagy-related factor LC3A/B(map1 Lc3b),and p62/sequestosome-1(p62/SQSTm1)-protein.Comparing with controls,map1 Lc3b,Becn1 and Ezh2 were lower in HCC and RIF-groups(Pm1 was lower in HCC compared to RIF(Pmmp9 was higher in HCC in relation to the control;the opposite was observed for p62/Sqstm1(Pm1 protein was lower in the RIF-group compared to the control(P=0.024).There was no difference among groups for Tuba-1c,Aldolase-B,alpha-fetoprotein,and mmp2(P>0.05).miR-122 was higher in HCC,and miR-34a in RIF compared to controls(PmiR-26b was lower in HCC compared to RIF,and the inverse was observed for miR-224(Pmong groups regarding miR-33a,miR-143,miR-155,miR-375 and miR-21(P>0.05).CONCLUSION RIF might have a possible beneficial effect on preventing/delaying liver carcinogenesis through epigenetic modulation in a rat model of mASLD

关键词： Animal model Autophagy Epigenetic Hepatocellular carcinoma metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Rifaximin

Uniform-velocity spacetime crystals

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Advanced Photonics 2019年第5期1卷 17-42页

作者： Zoé-Lise Deck-Léger Nima Chamanara maksim Skorobogatiy m.rio g.silveirinha Christophe Caloz Polytechnique montréal Department of Electrical EngineeringMontréalQuebecCanada Polytechnique montréal Department of Engineering PhysicsMontréalQuebecCanada Universidade de Lisboa-Instituto Superior Técnico and Instituto de Telecomunicações Department of Electrical EngineeringLisbonPortugal

We perform a comprehensive analysis of uniform-velocity bilayer spacetime crystals,combining concepts of conventional photonic crystals and special relativity.given that a spacetime crystal consists of a sequence of spacetime discontinuities,we do this by solving the following sequence of problems:(1)the spacetime interface,(2)the double spacetime interface,or spacetime slab,(3)the unbounded crystal,and(4)the truncated crystal.For these problems,we present the following results:(1)an extension of the Stokes principle to spacetime interfaces,(2)an interference-based analysis of the interference phenomenology,(3)a quick linear approximation of the dispersion diagrams,a description of simultaneous wavenumber and frequency bandgaps,and(4)the explanation of the effects of different types of spacetime crystal truncations and the corresponding scattering coefficients.This work may constitute the foundation for a virtually unlimited number of novel canonical spacetime media and metamaterial problems.

关键词： crystals special relativity Lorentz transformations spacetime bandgap structures

male genitourinary schistosomiasis-related symptoms among long-term Western African migrants in Spain: a prospective population-based screening study

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 1-10页

作者： Roure Sílvia Vallès Xavier Pérez-Quílez Olga López-mu?oz Israel Chamorro Anna Abad Elena Valerio Lluís Soldevila Laura Espa?a Sergio Hegazy Alaa H. A. Fernández-Rivas gema gorriz Ester Herena Dolores Oliveira m.rio miralles maria Carme Conde Carmen montero-Alia Juan José Fernández-Pedregal Elia miranda-Sánchez Jose Llibre Josep m. Isnard mar Bonet Josep maria Estrada Oriol Prat Núria Clotet Bonaventura The Schisto-Stop study group Primary Health Care Unit mataró-(Rocafonda-Palau) Barcelona North Metropolitan Health Directorate Catalan Institute for Health Camí Ral el Ravalet Mataró Barcelona Spain Barcelona North metropolitan Primary Care Directorate Catalan Institute for Health Ctra. de Barcelona Sabadell Barcelona Spain Directorate for Innovation and Interdisciplinary Cooperation Barcelona North Metropolitan Health Directorate Catalan Institute for Health C/Can Ruti S/N Badalona Spain IrsiCaixa-AIDS Research Institute Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital c/Can Ruti s/n Badalona Spain Infectious Diseases Directorate Barcelona North Metropolitan Health Directorate Catalan Institute for Health C/Can Ruti S/N Badalona Spain International Health Program (PROSICS) Barcelona North Metropolitan Territorial Directorate for Infectious Diseases Catalan Institute for Health CAP La Salut Passatge dels Encants S/N Badalona Spain Fundació Lluita contra les Infeccions c/Can Ruti s/n Badalona Spain Infectious Diseases Department Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol c/Can Ruti s/n Badalona Spain germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute c/Can Ruti s/n Badalona Spain microbiology Department Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital c/Can Ruti s/n Badalona Spain Department of genetics and microbiology Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona c/Can Ruti s/n Badalona Spain Faculty of medicine University of Asyut El Fateh Assiut Governorate Egypt Department of Urology Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital c/Can Ruti s/n Badalona Spain Canovelles Primary Health Care Unit Barcelona North Metropolitan Health Directorate Catalan Institute for Health C/Indústria Canovelles Spain

Background Schistosomiasis is highly endemic in sub-Saharan Africa and frequently imported to Europe. male urogenital manifestations are often neglected. We aimed to ascertain the prevalence of genitourinary clinical signs and symptoms among long-term African migrants in a non-endemic European country using a serology test.methods We carried out a prospective, community-based cross-sectional study of adult male migrants from sub-Saharan Africa living in Spain.Schistosoma serology tests and microscopic urine examinations were carried out, and clinical data were obtained from an electronic medical record search and a structured questionnaire.Results We included 388 adult males, mean age 43.5 years [Standard Deviation (SD) = 12.0, range: 18–76]. The median time since migration to the European Union was 17 [Interquartile range (IQR): 11–21] years. The most frequent country of origin was Senegal (N = 179, 46.1%). Of the 338, 147 (37.6%) tested positive forSchistosoma. Parasite eggs were present in the urine of only 1.3%. Nine genitourinary clinical items were significantly associated with positiveSchistosoma serology results: pelvic pain (45.2%;OR = 1.57, 95%CI: 1.0–2.4), pain on ejaculation (14.5%;OR = 1.85, 95%CI: 1.0–3.5), dyspareunia (12.4%;OR = 2.45, 95%CI: 1.2–5.2), erectile dysfunction (9.5%;OR = 3.10, 95%CI: 1.3–7.6), self-reported episodes of infertility (32.1%;OR = 1.69, 95%CI: 1.0–2.8), haematuria (55.2%;OR = 2.37, 95%CI: 1.5–3.6), dysuria (52.1%;OR = 2.01, 95%CI: 1.3–3.1), undiagnosed syndromic STIs (5.4%), and orchitis (20.7%;OR = 1.81, 95%CI: 1.0–3.1). Clinical signs tended to cluster.Conclusions Urogenital clinical signs and symptoms are prevalent among male African long-term migrants with a positiveSchistosoma serology results. genital involvement can be frequent even among those with long periods of non-residence in their sub-Saharan African countries of origin. Further research is needed to develop diagnostic tools and validate therapeutic approaches to chronic schistosomiasis.

关键词： Schistosomiasis Chronic schistosomiasis Urogenital schistosomiasis male genital schistosomiasis Longterm migrant

Different no-till grain production systems with Urochloa spp.affect soil microbial community structure,biomass and activity in a tropical Ultisol

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第1期6卷 119-129页

作者： matheus Emannuel Oliveira Vieira Lucas Dantas Lopes France m.rio Costa Viviane Talamini Edson Patto Pacheco marcelo Ferreira Fernandes PPgAgRI Universidade Federal de SergipeAv.Marechal Rondons/n-49100-000-Sao CristovaoSEBrazil Embrapa Coastal Tablelands Av Govemador Paulo Barreto de Menezesn°3250-49025-040-AracajuSEBrazil

Integrated grain cropping systems promote soil health(SH)and sustainability.microbial biomass and activity(mBA)and community structure(mCS)are key to SH.Integration of maize with Urochloa pastures strongly impacts mBA and mCS.mBA is more sensitive than mCS to shifts in grain cropping systems.Systems under continuous Urochloa increased microbial activity and AmF abundance.Tropical soils are prone to degradation.Adoption of conservation agricultural practices is essential to improve soil health,which is influenced by soil microbes.In this study we analyzed shifts in microbial biomass and activity(mBA)and microbial community structure(mCS)based on fatty acid methyl esthers(FAmEs)between five no-till agricultural practices:maize monoculture(mm);maize annualy intercropped with Urochloa decumbens(m/Ud);m/Ud with soybean rotation every other year(m/Ud-S);m/Ud keeping the pasture for the next two years(m/Ud-Ud-Ud);and maize intercropped with U.ruziziensis keeping the pasture for the next two years(m/Ur-Ur-Ur).Results indicated that mBA was affected by the inclusion of Urochloa intercropping and by rotation with soybean.Systems under a longer residence time with Urochloa in the field had higherβ-glucosidase activity and soil basal respiration,indicating a greater microbial activity.mCS was less affected than mBA by the investigated cropping systems.mCS changed only in the continuous pasture systems,which were enriched in arbuscular mycorrhyzal fungi(AmF).Additionally,the continuous pasture systems had lower microbial stress ratios than the other agricultural practices.In sum,our study showed that utilization of Urochloa spp.under longer periods in no-till agricultural practices contributes to increase microbial activity,AmF abundance and decrease microbial stress ratio.These changes are primarily beneficial for soil health.

关键词： crop-pasture integration crop rotation no-tillage soil health microbial ecology

metabolic disease and the liver: A review

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第1期16卷 33-40页

作者： márcia Vargas Sheila de Castro Cardoso Toniasso Patricia g Riedel Camila Pereira Baldin Francielle Lopes dos Reis Robson martins Pereira maria Carlota Borba Brum Dvora Joveleviths m.rio Reis Alvares-da-Silva Program of graduate Science in gastroenterology and Hepatology Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90040-060Rio Grande do SulBrazil School of medicine Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90040-060Brazil Program of graduate Science in gastroenterology and Hepatology Clinicas Hospital of Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90410000Brazil medicine Faculty Federal University of rio grande do Sul Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90040-060Brazil Division of gastroenterology and Hepatology Clinicas Hospital of Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035007Brazil

metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(mASLD)is the most common liver disease worldwide,with an estimated prevalence of 31%in Latin America.The presence of metabolic comorbidities coexisting with liver disease varies substantially among populations.It is acknowledged that obesity is boosting the type 2 diabetes mellitus“epidemic,”and both conditions are significant contributors to the increasing number of patients with mASLD.Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis represents a condition of chronic liver inflammation and is considered the most severe form of mASLD.mASLD diagnosis is based on the presence of steatosis,noninvasive scores and altered liver tests.Noninvasive scores of liver fibrosis,such as serum biomarkers,which should be used in primary care to rule out advanced fibrosis,are simple,inexpensive,and widely available.Currently,guidelines from international hepatology societies recommend using noninvasive strategies to simplify case finding and management of high-risk patients with mASLD in clinical practice.Unfortunately,there is no definite pharmacological treatment for the condition.Creating public health policies to treat patients with risk factors for mASLD prevention is essential.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Primary care metabolic risk Liver metabolism