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A field guide for aging passerine nestlings using growth data and predictive modeling

Avian Research 2021年第2期12卷 141-149页

作者： Audrey A.Sanchez Andrew W.Bartlow Allison m.Chan Jeanne m.Fair Aaron a.skinner Kelly Hutchins maria A.musgrave Emily m.Phillips Brent E.Thompson Charles D.Hathcock Environmental Stewardship Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNMUSA Biosecurity and Public Health Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNMUSA Water Program N3BLos AlamosNMUSA

Background:Accurate nestling age is valuable for studies on nesting strategies,productivity,and impacts on repro-ductive *** aging guides consist of descriptions and photographs that are time consuming to read and subjective to *** Western Bluebird(Sialia mexicana)is a secondary cavity-nesting passerine that nests in coniferous and open deciduous *** box programs for cavity-nesting species have provided suitable nesting locations and opportunities for data collection on nestling growth and ***:We developed models for predicting the age of Western Bluebird nestlings from morphometric meas-urements using model training and *** were developed for mass,tarsus,and two different culmen ***:Our models were accurate to within less than a day,and each model worked best for a specific age *** mass and tarsus models can be used to estimate the ages of Western Bluebird nestlings 0-10 days old and were accurate to within 0.5 days for mass and 0.7 days for *** culmen models can be used to estimate ages of nest-lings 0-15 days old and were also accurate to within less than a *** daily mean,minimum,and maximum values of each morphometric measurement are provided and can be used in the field for accurate nestling age estimations in real ***:The model training and validation procedures used here demonstrate that this method can create aging models that are highly *** methods can be applied to any passerine species provided sufficient nest-ling morphometric data are available.

关键词： Cavity-nesting Nest boxes Nestling development Predictive models Western Bluebird

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Low-cost wave characterization modules for oil spill response

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2018年第2期3卷 96-108页

作者： E.D.skinner m.m.Rooney m.K.Hinders Department of Applied Science William&MaryWilliamsburgVA 23187-8795United States

marine oil spills can be remediated by mechanical skimmers in calm waters,but performance degrades with increased wave *** have developed and demonstrated a system that quantifies local wave characteristics with an uncertainty of four inches of *** system is intended for the measurement of wave characteristics during oil spill *** conveys this information to coordinators and responders in real time via WiFi and remote reporting through a satellite *** information will allow for enhanced situational awareness during an oil spill response,assisting stakeholders and optimizing mechanical skimming *** wave characterization module(WCm)uses accelerometer outputs from a very small inertial measurement unit(ImU)to generate wave statistics and calculate wave *** is configured such that a WCm can either be attached to a skimmer float or incorporated into a *** height and period are transmitted via WiFi and/or a satellite-enabled mesh-grid network to a cloud-hosted geographic information system(GIS).Here,we discuss the bare-bones sensors-plus-algorithm approach we developed by using spring-mass systems to approximate the wave height and period regime of *** then describe open water tests carried out using that development system both mounted to a weir skimmer mockup and packaged in a ***,we present controlled tests in the wave tank at Ohmsett,the National Oil Spill Response Test Facility in New Jersey,with the WCms communicating the wave characteristics via WiFi to tankside laptops and via satellite to the cloud-based *** determinations of wave height calculated using the scalar magnitude of the three-axis accelerometer in the ImU were within four inches of the benchmark wave measurement system at Ohmsett.

关键词： Oil spill Wave characterization module Inertial measurement unit microbuoy

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Epigenetics and transgenerational inheritance in domesticated farm animals

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第2期6卷 123-129页

作者： Amanda Feeney Eric Nilsson michael K skinner Center for Reproductive Biology School of Biological Sciences Washington State University

Epigenetics provides a molecular mechanism of inheritance that is not solely dependent on DNA sequence and that can account for non-mendelian inheritance patterns. Epigenetic changes underlie many normal developmental processes, and can lead to disease development as well. While epigenetic effects have been studied in well-characterized rodent models, less research has been done using agriculturally important domestic animal species. This review will present the results of current epigenetic research using farm animal models （cattle, pigs, sheep and chickens）. much of the work has focused on the epigenetic effects that environmental exposures to toxicants, nutrients and infectious agents has on either the exposed animals themselves or on their direct offspring. Only one porcine study examined epigenetic transgenerational effects; namely the effect diet micronutrients fed to male pigs has on liver DNA methylation and muscle mass in grand-offspring （F2 generation）. Healthy viable offspring are very important in the farm and husbandry industry and epigenetic differences can be associated with production traits. Therefore further epigenetic research into domestic animal health and how exposure to toxicants or nutritional changes affects future generations is imperative.

关键词： Environment EDiclenetics Pig. Review Transgenerational

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management of metal-on-metal hip implant patients: Who,when and how to revise?

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2016年第5期7卷 272-279页

作者： Reshid Berber John a.skinner Alister J Hart Joint Reconstruction Unit Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Sciences Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital

The debate on how best to manage patients with metal-on-metal(mOm) hip implants continues. With over 1 million patients affected worldwide, the impact is far reaching. The majority of the aggressive failures of mOm hip implants have been dealt with by revision hip surgery, leaving patients with a much more indolent pattern of failure of devices that have been in situ for more than 10 years. The longer-term outcome for such patients remains unknown, and much debate exists on how best to manage these patients. Regulatory guidance is available but remains open to interpretation due to the lack of current evidence and long-term studies. metal ion thresholds for concern have been suggested at 7 ppb for hip resurfacing arthroplasty and below this level for large diameter total hip arthroplasties. Soft tissue changes including pseudotumours and muscle atrophy have been shown to progress, but this is not consistent. New advanced imaging techniques are helping to diagnose complications with metal hips and the reasons for failure, however these are not widely available. This has led to some centres to tackle difficult cases through multidisciplinary collaboration, for both surgical management decisions and also follow-up decisions. We summarise current evidence and consider who is at risk, when revision should be undertaken and how patients should be managed.

关键词： metal on metal hip management multidisciplinary Revision Decision

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Lessons on mobile apps for COVID-19 from China

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2021年第2期2卷 40-49页

作者： Sophia L.Zhou Xianhan Jia Samuel P.skinner William Yang Isabelle Claude mass Academy of math and Science Worcester Polytechnic Institute85 Prescott StreetWorcesterMA 01605United States Department of Computer Science Worcester Polytechnic Institute100 Institute RoadWorcesterMA 01609United States Department of Physics Worcester Polythenic Institute100 Institute RoadWorcesterMA 01609United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Worcester Polytechnic Institute100 Institute RoadWorcesterMA 10609United States

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the global society and human life *** countries have launched COVID-19 mobile apps with a wide range in how these apps *** it is hoped that these apps can assist in the fight against COVID-19,many are worried about user *** implemented“health code”systems,which assigned neighborhoods and citizens a specific health code,meant to indicate their risk of having been exposed to *** most widely used health code systems were hosted on the popular apps WeChat and Alipay,each with billions of *** experts argued that China’s use of mobile applications was essential to its successful combat against *** in this study are a summary of mobile technology usage in China,a review of previous studies of mobile technology in healthcare,and a brief survey of some existing mobile applications for COVID-19 that were *** included are outcomes of interviews with healthcare and public safety experts and a public survey to understand how mobile applications were used in China’s response to *** interviews revealed four important themes:personal privacy,community involvement,government involvement,and situational *** was found that a key concern was maintaining a balance between collecting and utilizing personal information,as well as protecting this *** addition,close collaboration between local communities and the national government was *** applications assisted in communication and coordination but did not replace the work of people such as delivery drivers and contact *** results also showed that there was room for improvement,especially accessibility for the elderly or those unfamiliar with *** results were obtained from our *** was interesting to find that the apps were mostly used for“accessing information on COVID-19.”In addition,respondents overwhelmingly identified“information”as the most valuable featur

关键词： mobile apps COVID-19 response Survey Interview Lessons

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The Current Status of Physical Therapy in China

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中国康复医学杂志 2013年第6期28卷 493-501页

作者： Alice Jones m.rgot a.skinner Honorary Professor Faculty of Health Sciences University of Sydney Adjunct Professor School of Rehabilitation Sciences Griffiths University Australia WCPT Executive member World Confederation for Physical Therapy Deputy Dean School of Physiotherapy University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand Consultant China's Expert Committee of Internationalized Education for Physical Therapy Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine

The current health system in China has evolved by embracing both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. China is the only country in the world where the number of doctors is larger than the number of nurses but education programmes for other health professions like physical therapy have been slow to develop. In the case of physical therapy it was not until China won the bid for the Olympic Games that permission to establish the first physical therapy programme was granted. Since then China has undergone a period of rapid economic growth enabling many people to have a higher standard of living and improved health, but at the same time the country is faced with massive urbanization, industrialization, increasing environmental health threats, increased health disparities and an aging population. With the support of the Chinese Association of Rehabilitation medicine, an increased investment by the Government in public health and rehabilitation and engagement of international education experts, entry-level education programmes for physical therapy have started to develop and there are now nine which are modeled, at least to some extent, on the World Confederation for Physical Therapy's international guidelines. The paper explores the development of physical therapy education in China and discusses possible options for the way forward so that as the demand for physical therapy to service 1.4 billion people grows, the profession is prepared and the standards expected of the entrylevel physical therapist will not be compromised.

关键词：医疗康复美国医疗卫生行业患者护理

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中国物理治疗教育的发展

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康复学报 2018年第3期28卷 1-5页

作者：钟斯绮文 m.rgot a.skinner Elizabeth DEAN 悉尼大学健康科学院奥塔哥大学物理治疗学院英属哥伦比亚大学医学院

本文阐述物理治疗专业和物理治疗入门级教育在中国康复医学教育中的演变,提倡以模拟学习技术(SBL)为临床实习生积累经验。物理治疗专业的学生与医学专业的学生一样,需要一个结构化的临床教育方案,以确保毕业时具备一定的临床专业能力。... 详细信息

本文阐述物理治疗专业和物理治疗入门级教育在中国康复医学教育中的演变,提倡以模拟学习技术(SBL)为临床实习生积累经验。物理治疗专业的学生与医学专业的学生一样,需要一个结构化的临床教育方案,以确保毕业时具备一定的临床专业能力。多年来,SBL一直是医学、工程以及航空专业的首选教学模式。在物理治疗专业培养方案中,SBL培养临床技能的教学模式已经出现。本文介绍SBL在物理治疗专业入门级教育中的优势,尤其是使用模拟标准化患者作为核心临床教育内容,为学生进入临床实习做好准备。建议在中国可以将SBL应用在物理治疗专业人才培养方案中,这可最大限度地提高学生的临床实习经验。

关键词：物理治疗教育模拟学习技术临床实习成效最大化

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modelling the long-term geomorphic response to check dam failures in an alpine channel with CAESAR-Lisflood

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第5期37卷 687-700页

作者： Jorge Alberto Ramirez mirjam mertin Nadav Peleg Pascal Horton Chris skinner markus Zimmermann margreth Keiler Institute of Geography University of Bern Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research University of Bern Institute of Environmental Engineering ETH Zurich Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics University of Lausanne Energy and Environment Institute University of Hull Department of Geography University of Innsbruck Institute for Interdisciplinary mountain Research Austrian Academy of Sciences

Globally, between 1950 and 2011 nearly 80,000 debris flow fatalities occurred in densely populated regions in mountainous terrain. mitigation of these hazards includes the construction of check dams,which limit coarse sediment transport and in the European Alps number in the 100,000s. Check dam functionality depends on periodic, costly maintenance, but maintenance is not always possible and check dams often fail. As such, there is a need to quantify the long-term(10-100 years) geomorphic response of rivers to check dam failures. Here, for the first time, a landscape evolution model(CAESARLisflood) driven by a weather generator is used to replicate check dam failures due to the lack of maintenance, check dam age, and flood occurrence. The model is applied to the Guerbe River,Switzerland, a pre-Alpine catchment containing 73 check dams that undergo simulated failure. Also presented is a novel method to calibrate CAESAR-Lisflood?s hydrological component on this ungauged catchment. Using 100-year scenarios of check dam failure, the model indicates that check dam failures can produce 8 m of channel erosion and a 322% increase in sediment yield. The model suggests that after check dam failure, channel erosion is the remobilization of deposits accumulated behind check dams, and, after a single check dam failure channel equilibrium occurs in five years, but after many check dam failures channel equilibrium may not occur until 15 years. Overall, these findings support the continued maintenance of check dams.

关键词： Landscape evolution model Check dam failure Weather generator Natural hazards

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Britain Struggles to Learn Chinese

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海外华文教育动态 2016年第10期 65-66页

作者： James skinner

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What Drives Companies TO Repurchase Their Stock？

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中国mBA 2004年第2期 86-88页

作者： DanielA.Bens m.H.FrancoWong DouglasJ.skinner

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