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Dietary supplementation of xylanase and protease on growth performance,digesta viscosity,nutrient digestibility,immune and oxidative stress status,and gut health of newly weaned pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2019年第4期5卷 351-358页

作者： m.rcos e.duarte Fang X.Zhou Wilson m.Dutra Jr. Sung Woo Kim Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC27695United States Department of Animal Science Federal Rural University of Pernambuco/CNPq-202288/2015-3RecifePE52171-900Brazil BioResource International Inc.DurhamNC27703United States

This study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with xylanase and protease on growth performance,digesta viscosity,apparent ileal digestibility(AID) of nutrients,and gut health in nursery ***-eight pigs(24 barrows and 24 gilts at 21 d of age with 7.2±0.4 kg BW) were randomly allotted to 4 dietary treatments(2 x 2 factorial arrangement) in a randomized complete block design and fed in 2 phases(phase 1 for 10 d and phase 2 for 14 d).Factors were xylanase(0 or45,000 XU/kg) and protease(0 or 300,000 U/kg).Feed intake and BW gain were measured on d 10 *** dioxide(0.25%) was added to all diets as an indigestible external marker from d 20 to *** d 24,all pigs were euthanized to obtain jejunal and ileal digesta to measure viscosity and apparent ileal *** jejunal mucosa was collected to measure immune and oxidative stress *** tissues were used to measure morphology and crypt cells *** phase 2,xylanase increased(P e average daily gain(ADG) which was further increased(P en combined with ***,combinational use of xylanase and protease increased(P mpared with the use of xylanase or protease alone,whereas protease improved(P eed *** jejunum,xylanase reduced(P esta,mucosal malondialdehyde(mDA),crypt depth and crypt cells proliferation,and protease increased(P eight,and decreased(P epth and crypt cells ***,xylanase improved growth performance,digesta viscosity,and oxidative stress,whereas protease improved feed efficiency and gut *** combinational use of xylanase and protease enhanced growth performance of newly weaned pigs.

关键词： Growth performance Gut health Newly weaned pigs Viscosity Protease Xylanase

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ntegrated approach to winery waste： waste generation and data consolidation

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Frontiers of environmental Science & engineering 2016年第1期10卷 168-176页

作者： margarida OLIVeIRA elizabeth duarte Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA) University of Lisbon 1349-017 Lisboa Portugal escola Superior Agrairia de Santarem (eSAS) Instituto Superior Politecnico de Santarem 2001-904 Santarem Portugal

The winemaking process involves the genera- tion of a significant amount of waste and wastewater. These residues should be addressed for recycling or treatment before being returned to environment. As each winery is unique in waste generation and disposal, plans for environmentally friendly waste management are not universal and should be tested for their effectiveness. In this study, a diagnostic was made during three years, in different wineries, throughout Portugal, in order to quantify and characterize the waste and the wastewater produced. The results showed that solid waste and wastewater are mainly produced during the harvest period, corresponding to 74% and 87%, respectively. One ton of processed grape approximately produce 0.13 t marc, 0.06 t lees, 0.03 t of stalks and 1.65 m3 of wastewater. No significant differences （P≤0.05） were observed for grape marc, lees and wastewater ratios, between years or wineries. With respect to the stalk ratio, there was no effect of year but the winery significantly affected this ratio （P ≤ 0.05）. During the study period the treated wastewater, since diluted, revealed suitable characteristics for irrigation representing an additional source of water. In this regard, the data acquisition and consolidation ensure the transfer of information and experience which constitute an essential step in a support decision tool design.

关键词： waste management wastewater reuse winerywastewater

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The sexually dimorphic expression of glutamate transporters and their implication in pain after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3317-3329页

作者： Jennifer m.Colón-mercado Aranza I.Torrado-Tapias Iris K.Salgado Jose m.Santiago Samuel e.Ocasio Rivera Dina P.Bracho-Rincon Luis H.Pagan Rivera Jorge D.miranda Department of Physiology University of Puerto RicoMedical Sciences CampusSan JuanPRUSA National Institutes of Health National Human Genome Research InstituteBethesdaMDUSA Universidad Central del Caribe School of MedicineBayamónPRUSA University of Puerto Rico Carolina CampusCarolinaPRUSA Institute of Neurobiology San JuanPRUSA

In addition to the loss of motor function,~60% of patients develop pain after spinal cord *** cellular-molecular mechanisms are not well understood,but the data suggests that plasticity within the rostral,epicenter,and caudal penumbra of the injury site initiates a cellularmolecular interplay that acts as a rewiring mechanism leading to central neuropathic *** can lead to the formation of new connections triggering abnormal sensory *** excitatory glutamate transporters are responsible for the reuptake of extracellular glutamate which makes them a critical target to prevent neuronal hyperexcitability and *** previous studies showed a sexually dimorphic therapeutic window for spinal cord injury after treatment with the selective estrogen receptor modulator *** this study,we investigated the anti-allodynic effects of tamoxifen in male and female rats with spinal cord *** hypothesized that tamoxifen exerts anti-allodynic effects by increasing the expression of glutamate transporters,leading to reduced hyperexcitability of the secondary neuron or by decreasing aberrant *** and female rats received a moderate contusion to the thoracic spinal cord followed by subcutaneous slow-release treatment of tamoxifen or matrix pellets as a control(placebo).We used von Frey monofilaments and the“up-down method”to evaluate mechanical *** treatment decreased allodynia only in female rats with spinal cord injury revealing a sexdependent *** expression profile of glutamatergic transporters(excitatory amino acid transporter 1/glutamate aspartate transporter and excitatory amino acid transporter 2/glutamate transporter-1)revealed a sexual dimorphism in the rostral,epicenter,and caudal areas of the spinal cord with a pattern of expression primarily on *** rodents showed a significantly higher level of excitatory amino acid transporter-1 expression while male rodents showed increased

关键词： allodynia central neuropathic pain eAAT-1/GLAST eAAT-2/GLT-1 glutamate transporters selective estrogen receptor modulator sexual dimorphism spinal cord injury trauma

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Investigation of the nutritional and functional roles of a combinational use of xylanase and β-glucanase on intestinal health and growth of nursery pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 1932-1950页

作者： Hyunjun Choi Yesid Garavito duarte Guilherme A.m.Pasquali Sung Woo Kim Department of Animal Science North Carolina State University116 Polk HallCampus Box 7621RaleighNC 27695USA BASF Se Ludwigshafen 67056Germany

Background Xylanase andβ-glucanase combination(XG)hydrolyzes soluble non-starch polysaccharides that are anti-nutritional *** study aimed to evaluate the effects of increasing levels of XG on intestinal health and growth performance of nursery *** Forty pigs(6.5±0.4 kg)were assigned to 5 dietary treatments and fed for 35 d in 3 phases(11,9,and 15 d,respectively).Basal diets mainly included corn,soybean meal,and corn distiller's dried grains with solubles,contained phytase(750 FTU/kg),and were supplemented with 5 levels of XG at(1)0,(2)280 TXU/kg xylanase and 125 TGU/kgβ-glucanase,(3)560 and 250,(4)840 and 375,or(5)1,120 and 500,*** performance was *** d 35,all pigs were euthanized and jejunal mucosa,jejunal digesta,jejunal tissues,and ileal digesta were collected to determine the effects of increasing XG levels and XG intake on intestinal *** Increasing XG intake tended to quadratically decrease(P=0.059)viscosity of jejunal digesta(min:1.74 m Pa·s at 751/335(TXU/TGU)/kg).Increasing levels of XG quadratically decreased(Pevotellaceae(min:0.6%at 630/281(TXU/TGU)/kg)in the jejunal *** XG intake quadratically increased(Peae(max:40.3%at 608/271(TXU/TGU)/kg)in the jejunal *** XG intake quadratically decreased(Pelicobacteraceae(min:1.6%at 560/250(TXU/TGU)/kg)in the jejunal *** levels of XG tended to linearly decrease(P=0.073)jejunal Ig G and tended to quadratically increase(P=0.085)jejunal villus height to crypt depth ratio(max:2.62 at 560/250(TXU/TGU)/kg).Increasing XG intake tended to linearly increase the apparent ileal digestibility of dry matter(P=0.087)and ether extract(P=0.065).Increasing XG intake linearly increased(Perage daily *** A combinational use of xylanase andβ-glucanase would hydrolyze the non-starch polysaccharides fractions,positively modulating the jejunal mucosa-associated *** intake of

关键词： Glucanase Growth performance Intestinal health Nursery pigs Xylanase

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Cataracting-centrifuging transition investigation using nonspherical and spherical particles in a rotary drum through CFD simulations

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Particuology 2022年第1期20卷 48-60页

作者： Wanessa m.Benedito Claudio R.duarte m.rcos A.S.Barrozo Dyrney A.Santos Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Goias-UFGCampus SamambaiaGoianiaGO74690-900Brazil School of Chemical engineering Federal University of Uberlandia-UFUCampus Santa MonicaUberlandiaMG38408-144Brazil

This paper aims to systematically investigate the cataracting-centrifuging transition in a rotary drum involving spherical and nonspherical particles by using the multiphase Granular eulerian model(mGem).The effects of drum length and particle shape on the cataracting-centrifuging transition behavior were *** results showed that drum length plays an important role in the cataracting-centrifuging transition,although most related works in the literature do not consider *** particle shape also significantly affects the cataracting-centrifuging transition *** particles required lower rotation speeds than spherical particles to reach the centrifuging *** particle shape was shown to be related to the critical solid fraction(asc)from Schaeffer’s model,although further investigations are required to completely correlate particle spherecity with critical solid volume fractions.

关键词： Frictional viscosity mGem model Particle shape Drum length Drum flow regimes

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Impact of Zika virus non-structural protein mutations on hippocampal damage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2307-2308页

作者： Larissa m.G.Cassiano Roney S.Coimbra Neurogenômica/Imunopatologia Instituto RenéRachouFiocruzBelo HorizonteBrazil Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil

The Zika virus(ZIKV),a member of the Flaviviridae family,attracted worldwide attention for its connection to severe neurological effects,notably microcephaly in newborns,first reported during the 2015 epidemic in ***,its impact goes beyond fetal and neonatal abnormalities,also affecting the central nervous system(CNS)in both children and adults,leading to enduring cognitive and behavioral impairments.

关键词： damage fetal neonatal

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Impacts of weaning age on dietary needs of whey permeate for pigs at 7 to 11 kg body weight

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第2期13卷 593-600页

作者： Ki Beom Jang m.rcos elias duarte Jerry m.Purvis Sung Woo Kim Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA N.G.Purvis Farm Inc RobbinsNC 27325USA.

Background:Whey permeate is an effective lactose source for nursery pigs and the most benefits are obtained when pigs are at 7 to 11 kg *** weaning ages could cause different length of early-weaner phases until 7 kg BW and thus it would influence the dietary need of whey permeate during 7 to 11 kg BW of *** study aimed to evaluate if weaning ages would affect the dietary needs of whey permeate for optimum growth performance of pigs at 7 to 11 kg ***:A total of 1,632 pigs were weaned at d 21(d 21.2±1.3)or d 25(d 24.6±1.1)after *** pigs had a common early-weaner feeds until they reached 7 kg *** pigs reached 7 kg BW within a weaning age group,they were allotted in a randomized complete block design(2×4 factorial).Two factors were weaning age groups(21 and 25 d of age)and varying whey permeate levels(7.50%,11.25%,15.00%,and 18.75%).Data were analyzed using the GLm and NLIN procedures of SAS for slope-ratio and broken-line analyses to determine the growth response to whey permeate and optimal daily whey permeate intake for the growth of the pigs weaned at different ***:Pigs weaned at 21 d of age had a common diet for 11 d to reach 7 kg BW whereas pigs weaned at 25 d of age needed 2 *** G:F of pigs weaned at 25 d of age responded to increased daily whey permeate intake greater(Peaned at 21 d of *** were obtained(Pey permeate intake or 17.0%and 14.4%of whey permeate for G:F of pigs weaned at 21 and 25 d of age,***:Pigs weaned at an older age with a short early-weaner phase had a greater growth response to whey permeate intake compared with pigs weaned at a younger age with a long early-weaner *** weaning ages affected dietary needs of whey permeate for optimum growth performance of pigs from 7 to 11 kg BW.

关键词： Growth performance Nursery pigs Weaning age Whey permeate

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Hemoconcentration is a poor predictor of severity in acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第44期11卷 7018-7023页

作者： José m.Remes-Troche Andrés duarte-Rojo Gustavo morales Guillermo Robles-Díaz Department of Gastroenterology

AIm： To determine whether the hematocrit （Hct） at admission or at 24 h after admission was associated with severe acute pancreatitis （AP）, organ failure （OF）, and pancreatic necrosis. meTHODS： A total of 336 consecutive patients with a first AP episode were studied. etiology, Hct values at admission and at 24 h, development of severe AP according to Atlanta＇s criteria, pancreatic necrosis, OF and mortality were recorded. Hemoconcentration was defined as Hct level 〉44% for males and 〉40% for females. The t-test and ;x^2 test were used to assess the association of hemoconcentration to the severity, necrosis and OF. Diagnostic accuracy was also determined. ReSULTS： Biliary disease was the most frequent etiology （n = 148）. mean Hct levels at admission were 41±6% for females and 46±7% for males （P〈0.01）. Seventyeight （23%） patients had severe AP, and OF developed in 45 （13%） patients. According to contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan, 36% （54/150） patients showed pancreatic necrosis. Hct levels were elevated in 58% （55/96） and 61% （33/54） patients with interstitial and necrotizing pancreatitis, respectively. Neither Hct levels at admission nor hemoconcentration at 24 h were associated with the severity, necrosis or OF. Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values for both determinations were very low; and negative predictive values were between 61% and 86%, being the highest value for OF. CONCLUSION： Hct is not a useful marker to predict a worse outcome in acute pancreatitis. In spite of the high negative predictive value of hemoconcentration, the prognosis gain is limited due to an already high incidence of mild disease.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Hernatocrit Hemoconcentration Severity Necrosis

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emissions from the combustion of eucalypt and pine chips in a fluidized bed reactor

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2016年第4期28卷 246-258页

作者： e.D.Vicente L.A.C.Tarelho e.R.Teixeira m.duarte T.Nunes C.Colombi V.Gianelle G.O.da Rocha A.Sanchez de la Campa C.A.Alves Centre for environmental and marine Studies Department of Environment and PlanningUniversity of Aveiro Regional Centre for Air Quality monitoring Environmental Monitoring Sector ARPA Federal University of Bahia Chemical Institute40170-290Campus de Ondina Centre for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CIQSO) Joint Research Unit to CSIC "Atmospheric Pollution"University of HuelvaCampus El Carmen

Interest in renewable energy sources has increased in recent years due to environmental concerns about global warming and air pollution,reduced costs and improved efficiency of *** the european Union（eU）energy directive,biomass is a suitable renewable *** aim of this study was to experimentally quantify and characterize the emission of particulate matter（Pm（2.5））resulting from the combustion of two biomass fuels（chipped residual biomass from pine and eucalypt）,in a pilot-scale bubbling fluidized bed（BFB）combustor under distinct operating *** variables evaluated were the stoichiometry and,in the case of eucalypt,the leaching of the *** CO and Pm（2.5）emission factors were lower when the stoichiometry used in the experiments was higher（0.33±0.1 g CO/kg and 16.8±1.0 mg Pm（2.5）/kg,dry gases）.The treatment of the fuel by leaching before its combustion has shown to promote higher Pm（2.5）emissions（55.2±2.5 mg/kg,as burned）.Organic and elemental carbon represented 3.1 to 30 wt.% of the particle mass,while carbonate（CO3^（2-））accounted for between 2.3 and 8.5 wt.%.The particulate mass was mainly composed of inorganic matter（71% to 86% of the Pm（2.5）mass）.Compared to residential stoves,BFB combustion generated very high mass fractions of inorganic *** was the water soluble ion in higher concentration in the Pm（2.5）emitted by the combustion of eucalypt,while calcium was the dominant water soluble ion in the case of pine.

关键词： Biomass Combustion Fluidized bed Pm2.5emissions Chemical composition

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Flexible Hall sensor made of laser-scribed graphene

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npj Flexible electronics 2021年第1期5卷 18-24页

作者： Altynay Kaidarova Wenhao Liu Liam Swanepoel Abdullah Almansouri Nathan RGeraldi Carlos.m.duarte Jurgen Kosel Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences&Engineering(CEMSE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)ThuwalSaudi Arabia Department of electrical and electronic engineering University of JeddahDhahbanSaudi Arabia Red Sea Research Center(RSRC)and Computational Biosciences Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)ThuwalSaudi Arabia Sensor Systems Division Silicon Austria Labs(SAL)VillachAustria

Graphene has shown considerable potential for sensing magnetic fields based on the Hall effect,due to its high carrier mobility,low sheet carrier density,and low-temperature ***,the cost of graphene in comparison to conventional materials has meant that its uptake in electronic manufacturing has been *** lower technological barriers and bring more widespread adoption of graphene Hall sensors,we are using a one-step laser scribing process that does not rely on multiple steps,toxic chemicals,and subsequent ***-scribed graphene Hall sensors offer a linear response to magnetic fields with a normalized sensitivity of~1.12 V/*** also exhibit a low constant noise voltage floor of~50 nV√Hz p for a bias current of 100μA at room temperature,which is comparable with state-of-the-art low-noise Hall *** sensors combine a high bendability,come with high robustness and operating temperatures up to 400°*** enable device ideas in various areas,for instance,soft *** an example,we combined a laser-scribed graphene sensor with a deformable elastomer and flexible magnet to realize low-cost,compliant,and customizable tactile sensors.

关键词： normalized instance steps

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