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Estimating geographic variation of infection fatality ratios during epidemics

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Infectious Disease modelling 2024年第2期9卷 634-643页

作者： Joshua Ladau Eoin L.Brodie Nicola Falco Ishan Bansal Elijah B.Hoffman m.rcin P.Joachimiak Ana m.mora Angelica m.walker Haruko m.Wainwright Yulun Wu mirko Pavicic Daniel Jacobson matthias Hess James B.Brown Katrina Abuabara Departments of Computational Precision Health and Dermatology University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA94115USA Arva Intelligence Inc.Salt Lake CityUT84101USA Computational Biosciences Group Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA Earth and Environmental Sciences Area Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA Graduate Group in Biostatistics University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Biosystems Data Science Environmental Genomics and Systems BiologyLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA Center for Environmental Research and Community Health(CErcH) School of Public HealthUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996USA Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyBostonMA02139USA Biosciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37830USA University of California DavisCA95616USA Statistics Department University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California Berkeley School of Public Health2121 Berkeley WayBerkeleyCA94720USA

Objectives We aim to estimate geographic variability in total numbers of infections and infection fatality ratios(IFR;the number of deaths caused by an infection per 1,000 infected people)when the availability and quality of data on disease burden are limited during an *** We develop a noncentral hypergeometric framework that accounts for differential probabilities of positive tests and reflects the fact that symptomatic people are more likely to seek *** demonstrate the robustness,accuracy,and precision of this framework,and apply it to the United States(U.S.)COVID-19 pandemic to estimate county-level SARS-CoV-2 *** The estimators for the numbers of infections and IFRs showed high accuracy and precision;for instance,when applied to simulated validation data sets,across counties,Pearson correlation coefficients between estimator means and true values were 0.996 and 0.928,respectively,and they showed strong robustness to model *** the county-level estimators to the real,unsimulated COVID-19 data spanning April 1,2020 to September 30,2020 from across the U.S.,we found that IFRs varied from 0 to 44.69,with a standard deviation of 3.55 and a median of *** The proposed estimation framework can be used to identify geographic variation in IFRs across settings.

关键词： Infection fatality ratio Infection fatality rate Noncentral hypergeometric distribution COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2

Double-up for single-ion masses

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2023年第7期34卷 159-161页

作者： Philip m.walker Department of Physics University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK

A cunning addition for the determination of nuclear masses provides world-leading sensitivity for accurate *** is already opening up new physics and *** may sound simple to weigh an atomic nucleus,but there is more to it than you might think,especially when the nucleus is very *** out the properties of such fleeting nuclei,perhaps surviving for only a few milliseconds,can solve long-standing science ***-lived nuclei are key to our understanding not only of how neutrons and protons bind together in nuclei,but also of the way that explosive events in the cosmos tell us about the life cycle of stars.

关键词： addition unstable stars

Implementation of Gas Control Algorithm in EASTPCS

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Plasma Science and Technology 2009年第2期11卷 231-235页

作者：袁旗平肖炳甲 m.walker 王华忠 Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences General Atomics DIII-D National Fusion Facility

In this paper, gas control on EAST in open and closed loop is discussed and its implementation into EASTPCS （plasma control system for the experimental advanced supercon- ducting tokamak） is introduced. Using a model to describe the plasma density response to the gas puff command, a gas simulation server （simserver） using mATLAB simulink tools and real time workshop was built up. Proper operation of the gas control algorithm was verified using this simserver. The simulation results suggested that the gas control can be applied in the next EAST campaign.

关键词： EASTPCS simserver gas control simulink model socket communication

Network science meets algebraic topology

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National Science Review 2019年第6期6卷 1064-1065页

作者： Lingqing Shen David m.walker michael Small Department of mathematics Nanjing University Department of mathematics & Statistics University of Western Australia mineral Resources Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation

Network science is largely consumed with the study of graphs with heterogeneous degree: typically large graphs with no strong topological symmetry. Network science borrows approaches from statistical physics to understand this heterogeneous structure, in a manner quite distinct from the rich symmetry of the graphs that are studied by algebraic graph theorists. Shi et al. [1] move toward

关键词： Network science meets algebraic topology

Angiographic evaluation and management of acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第11期18卷 1191-1201页

作者： T Gregory walker Gloria m Salazar Arthur C Waltman Division of Vascular Imaging and Intervention Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114United States

Although most cases of acute nonvariceal gastrointestinal hemorrhage either spontaneously resolve or respond to medical management or endoscopic treatment,there are still a significant number of patients who require emergency angiography and transcatheter *** with noninvasive imaging such as nuclear scintigraphy or computed tomography may localize the bleeding source and/or confirm active hemorrhage prior to *** angiographic evaluation should begin with selective catheterization of the artery supplying the most likely site of bleeding,as determined by the available clinical,endoscopic and imaging *** a hemorrhage source is identified,superselective catheterization followed by transcatheter microcoil embolization is usually the most effective means of successfully controlling hemorrhage while minimizing potential *** is now wellrecognized as a viable and safe alternative to emergency *** selected situations transcatheter intra-arterial infusion of vasopressin may also be useful in controlling acute gastrointestinal *** must be aware of the various side effects and potential complications associated with this treatment,however,and recognize the high re-bleeding *** this article we review the current role of angiography,transcatheter arterial embolization and infusion therapy in the evaluation and management of nonvariceal gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

关键词： Angiodysplasia Aneurysm Digital subtrac-tion angiography Contrast media Hemorrhage Radio-nuclide angiography Therapeutic embolization

Eddy Calculation and Vacuum Field Reconstruction on EAST

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Plasma Science and Technology 2011年第2期13卷 145-152页

作者：罗正平肖炳甲 J.A.LEUER m.L.walker 袁旗平 Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences General Atomics DⅢ-D National Fusion Facility

A new method, by using eigenmodes to reduce the fitting parameters and precalculated eddy current based on a lump parameter circuit equation, is applied to reconstruct the vacuum field for EAST plasma startup.

关键词： EAST eddy calculation vacuum field reconstruction tokamak

Strike Point Control on EAST Using an Isoflux Control method

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Plasma Science and Technology 2015年第9期17卷 774-780页

作者：邢哲肖炳甲罗正平 m.L.walker D.A.HUmPHREYS Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China General Atomics General Atomics Ct.San DiegoCA 92186USA

For the advanced tokamak,the particle deposition and thermal load on the divertor is a big *** moving the strike points on divertor target plates,the position of particle deposition and thermal load can be *** could adjust the Poloidal Field（PF） coil current to achieve the strike point position feedback *** isoflux control method,the strike point position can be controlled by controlling the X point *** the basis of experimental data,we establish relational expressions between X point position and strike point *** experiments are carried out to validate the correctness and robustness of the control *** strike point position is successfully controlled following our command in the EAST operation.

关键词： EAST plasma control system strike point control

Competition between collective oblate rotation and non-collective prolate K isomerism in neutron-rich tungsten isotopes

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Science China(Physics,mechanics & Astronomy) 2012年第9期55卷 1613-1617页

作者： JIAO ChangFeng SHI Yue XU FuRong SUN Yang walker P m State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China Center for Theoreiical Nuclear~Physics National Laboratory-for Heavy lon Physics Lanzhou 730000 China Department of Physics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Department of Physics University of Surrey GuUdford Surrey GU2 7XH United Kingdom CERN CH-1211 Geneva 23 Switzerland

Recent experiments open up the possibility to investigate oblate rotation-aligned states and prolate high-K isomers in neutron-rich tungsten *** the present work,we perform the projected-shell-model calculations for A ～ 190 tungsten *** 190 W results are compared with experimental *** observed 8 + isomer is assigned as a two-quasiproton K π = 8 + ***-lying high-K four-quasiparticle states are *** particular interest is the prediction of the K π = 20 + state in 190,192 W,which may form a long-lived spin *** competition with the prolate high-K states,rotational alignment leads to near-yrast collective oblate rotation.

关键词： prolate and oblate shapes isomers rotational alignment projected shell model

Genetic mapping and survey of powdery mildew resistance in the wild Central Asian ancestor of cultivated grapevines in Central Asia

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 1444-1458页

作者： Summaira Riaz Cristina m.menéndez Alan Tenscher Daniel Pap m.Andrew walker Department of Viticulture and Enology University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino(ICVV) Universidad de La Rioja-CSICGobierno de La RiojaCarretera de Burgos Km6Finca La GrajeraLogroñoLa Rioja 26007Spain

Cultivated grapevines(Vitis vinifera)lack resistance to powdery mildew(Pm)with few *** to this pathogen within *** has been reported in earlier studies and identified as the Ren1 locus in two Central Asian table grape *** Pm-resistant cultivated varieties and accessions of the wild ancestor *** *** were soon identified raising questions regarding the origin of the *** this study,F1 breeding populations were developed with a Pm susceptible *** *** breeding line and a Pm-resistant *** *** was carried out with five Ren1 locus linked SSR markers.A Pm resistance locus explaining up to 96%of the phenotypic variation was identified in the same genomic position,where the Ren1 locus was previously *** SSR marker alleles linked with the resistance locus were *** report results of Pm resistance in multiple accessions of *** collected as seed lots or cuttings from five countries in the Caucasus and Central Asia.A total of 20 females from 11 seed lots and 19 males from nine seed lots collected from Georgia,Armenia,and Azerbaijan were resistant to *** male and one female plant collected as cuttings from Afghanistan and Iran were also resistant to *** analysis of markers linked with the Ren1 locus in conjunction with disease evaluation data found a high diversity of allelic haplotypes,which are only possible via recombination events occurring over a long time *** analysis of two alleles of the SSR marker that cosegregates with the resistance found SNPs that were present in the wild progenitor and in cultivated *** levels of Pm resistance among the tested accessions were also *** lines of evidence suggest that the powdery mildew fungus may have been present in Asia for a longer time than currently thought,giving the wild progenitor *** *** time to coevolve with and develo

关键词： breeding resistance Central