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Heterogeneity of mature oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng Adam m.r.groh moein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui Jo Anne Stratton g.r.Wayne moore Jack P.Antel Neuroimmunology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

mature oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths that are crucial for the insulation of axons and efficient signal transmission in the central nervous *** evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static mature oligodendrocyte and revealed a gamut of dynamic functions such as the ability to modulate neuronal circuitry and provide metabolic support to *** the recognition of potential heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocyte function,a comprehensive summary of mature oligodendrocyte diversity is *** delve into early 20th-century studies by robertson and río-Hortega that laid the foundation for the modern identification of regional and morphological heterogeneity in mature ***,recent morphologic and functional studies call into question the long-assumed homogeneity of mature oligodendrocyte function through the identification of distinct subtypes with varying myelination ***,modern molecular investigations,employing techniques such as single cell/nucleus rNA sequencing,consistently unveil at least six mature oligodendrocyte subpopulations in the human central nervous system that are highly transcriptomically diverse and vary with central nervous system *** and disease related mature oligodendrocyte variation denotes the impact of pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and psychiatric ***,caution is warranted when subclassifying mature oligodendrocytes because of the simplification needed to make conclusions about cell identity from temporally confined *** studies leveraging advanced techniques like spatial transcriptomics and single-cell proteomics promise a more nuanced understanding of mature oligodendrocyte *** research avenues that precisely evaluate mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity with care to understand the mitigating influence of species,sex,central nervous system region,age,and disease,

关键词： aging central nervous system diseases electron microscopy heterogeneity immunohistochemistry myelin sheath natural history neuroglia oligodendroglia single-cell gene expression analysis

Impact of Zika virus non-structural protein mutations on hippocampal damage

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第8期20卷 2307-2308页

作者： Larissa m.g.Cassiano roney S.Coimbra Neurogenômica/Imunopatologia Instituto RenéRachouFiocruzBelo HorizonteBrazil Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil

The Zika virus(ZIKV),a member of the Flaviviridae family,attracted worldwide attention for its connection to severe neurological effects,notably microcephaly in newborns,first reported during the 2015 epidemic in ***,its impact goes beyond fetal and neonatal abnormalities,also affecting the central nervous system(CNS)in both children and adults,leading to enduring cognitive and behavioral impairments.

关键词： damage fetal neonatal

Comparison of effective parameters for copper powder production via electrorefining and electrowinning cells and improvement using DOE methods

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International Journal of minerals,metallurgy and materials 2011年第6期18卷 731-740页

作者： Ebrahim Akbarzadeh sayyed Esmaeil Shakib Department of materials Science and metallurgical Engineering Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman

The influences of cupric ion concentration （5-35 g/L）,current density （500-2000 A/m2）,circulation rate of the electrolyte solution （15-120 mL/min）,and temperature （25-60℃） on the physical and chemical properties of copper powders obtained in electrolysis cells were *** industrial processes,electrorefining （Er） cells with a synthetic electrolyte and electrowinning （EW） cells with an original solution of coppermineral leaching,were utilized to produce copper ***,the statistical full factorial method of design of experiments （DOE） was employed to investigate the interaction or the main effects of *** results show that increasing the copper concentration and temperature can increase the grain size,apparent density,and electrical energy *** the other hand,increasing the current density and circulation rate of the electrolyte can decrease *** production process is optimized via DOE to control the interactive and main effects to produce copper powders with favorable properties.

关键词： copper powders electrorefining electrowinning grain size apparent density

Superconducting parameter determination for (Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4)x/Cu0.5Tl0.5-1223 composite

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2016年第3期5卷 210-218页

作者： m.mE.BArAKAT N.AL-sayyed r.AWAD A.I.ABOU-ALY Physics Department Faculty of Science Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Physics Department Faculty of Science Beirut Arab University Beirut Lebanon

The addition of magnetic Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles to the superconducting Cu0.5Tl0.5-1223 phase has been used to investigate the electrical resistivity behavior of the composite above the superconducting transition temperature Tc. This was studied according to the opening of spin gap and fluctuation conductivity. The results indicated that the pseudogap temperature (T*) and superconducting fluctuation temperature (Tscf) change by increasing the addition of Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles. It was found that T* is related to hole carrier concentration P and it also depends on the antiferromagnetic fluctuation affected by magnetic nanoparticles. The excess-conductivity analysis showed four different fluctuation regions started from high temperature up to Tc, and they were denoted by short wave (sw), two-dimensional (2D), three-dimensional (3D), and critical (cr) fluctuations. The crossover temperature between 3D and 2D (T3D-2D) in the mean field region was decreased by increasing the addition of Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles, in accordance with the decrease in Tscf with x. The coherence length at 0 K along c-axis ξc(0), effective layer thickness of the 2D system d, and inter-layer coupling strength J were estimated as a function of Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticle addition. moreover, the thermodynamics, lower and upper critical magnetic fields, as well as critical current density have been calculated from the ginzburg number Ng. It was found that the low concentration of Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles up to x = 0.08 wt% improves the superconducting parameters of Cu0.5Tl0.5-1223 phase. On the contrary, these parameters were deteriorated f

关键词： Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles Cu0.5Tl0.5-1223 phase pseudogap temperature fluctuation conductivity

Comparison of experimental and theoretical radiation shielding parameters of several environmentally friendly materials

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2019年第7期30卷 54-61页

作者： F. Akman1 O. Agar m. r. Kacal m. I. sayyed Vocational School of Technical Sciences Department of Electronic Communication Technology Bingol University 12000 Bingol Turkey Department of Physics Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Karaman Turkey Department of Physics Arts and Sciences Faculty Giresun University 28100 Giresun Turkey Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia

In this study, the gamma radiation shielding features of several environmentally friendly materials were investigated. For this purpose, several attenuation parameters, such as the mass attenuation coefficient (l=q), radiation protection efficiency (rPE), and effective atomic number (Zeff) were determined experimentally and compared with numerical data obtained using WinXCom software. In the measurements, the emitted gamma photons were counted by a gamma spectrometer equipped with an HPge detector using 22Na, 54mn, 57Co, 60Co, 133Ba, and 137Cs radioactive point sources in the energy region of 81–1333 keV. The obtained results indicate that the l=q and rPE values of the samples decrease with an increase in photon energy. The experimental values are in good agreement with those obtained using WinXCom software. The rPE and Zeff results show that among the studied materials, the NaY0.77Yb0.20Er0.03F4 sample has the best gamma radiation shielding effectiveness.

关键词： greener products radiation shielding Attenuation coefficient WinXCom radiation protection efficiency

An SPH Framework for Earthquake-Induced Liquefaction Hazard Assessment of geotechnical Structures

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 251-277页

作者： Sourabh mhaski g.V.ramana Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi110016India

Earthquake-induced soil liquefaction poses significant risks to the stability of geotechnical structures *** understanding of the liquefaction triggering,and the post-failure large deformation behaviour is essential for designing resilient *** present study develops a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH)framework for earthquake-induced liquefaction hazard assessment of geotechnical *** coupled flowdeformation behaviour of soils subjected to cyclic loading is described using the Pm4Sand model implemented in a three-phase,single-layer SPH framework.A staggered discretisation scheme based on the stress particle SPH approach is adopted to minimise numerical inaccuracies caused by zero-energy modes and tensile ***,non-reflecting boundary conditions for seismic analysis of semi-infinite soil domains using the SPH method are *** numerical framework is employed for the analysis of cyclic direct simple shear test,seismic analysis of a level ground site,and liquefaction-induced failure of the Lower San Fernando *** agreement for liquefaction triggering and post-failure behaviour demonstrates that the SPH framework can be utilised to assess the effect of seismic loading on field-scale geotechnical *** present study also serves as the basis for future advancements of the SPH method for applications related to earthquake geotechnical engineering.

关键词： Earthquake seismic liquefaction stress particle Pm4Sand smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)

model for increased efficiency of CIgS solar cells by a stepped distribution of carrier density and ga in the absorber layer

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Science China(Physics,mechanics & Astronomy) 2013年第8期56卷 1533-1541页

作者： SHArBATI Samaneh KESHmIrI sayyed-Hossein Department of Electrical Engineering Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

In this paper, several structures for multilayer Cu(In1-xgax) Se2 (CIgS) thin film solar cells are proposed to achieve high conversion efficiency. All of the modeling and simulations were based on the actual data of experimentally produced CIgS cells reported in the literature. In standard CIgS cells with a single absorber layer, the effects of acceptor density and ga content on device performance were studied, and then optimized for maximum conversion efficiency. The same procedure was performed for cells with two and three sectioned CIgS absorber layers in which Cu and/or ga contents were varied within each consecutive section. This produces an internal additional electric field within the absorber layer, which resulted in an increase in carrier collection for longer wavelength photons, and hence, improvement in the conversion efficiency of the cell. An increase of approximately 3% in efficiency is predicted for cells with two layer absorbers. For multilayer cells in which Cu and ga distribution were stepped simultaneously, the improvement could be approximately 3.5%. This improvement is due to; enhanced carrier collection for longer-wavelength photons, and reduced recombination at the heterojunction and back regions of the cell. These results are confirmed by the physics of the cells.

关键词： Cu (In ga)Se2 (CIgS) multilayer thin film solar cell quantum efficiency

Water Consumption of a Six-Year-Old river red gum Plantation in the Southern Zagros mountains,Iran

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Journal of mountain Science 2007年第2期4卷 136-145页

作者： masoud EDrAKI sayyed Ahang KOWSAr Department of Primary Industries Sunraysia Horticultural Centre PO Box 905Mildura Victoria Australia Fats research Center for Agriculture and Natural resources P.O. Box 71365-458 Shiraz LR. Iran

Water is the most important limiting factor in the development of arid environments; therefore, optimization of water use is a necessity in desert reclamation projects. Evapotranspiration of a 6-year-old river red gum （Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.） plantation, located in a sedimentation basin of an artificial recharge of the gareh Bygone Plain groundwater system in Iran＇s southern Zagros mountains, was studied during a 7-month period. A neutron moisture probe was used to monitor soil water changes in the root zone. Soil water depletion following rapid drainage for blocks receiving relatively high, medium and low volumes of foodwater were 809.6, 312.4, and 203.1 mm, respectively, for a 150-day period. Soil water potential during most of the study period was below -1.5 mPa. This study proves that river red gum in not a suitable species for desertification control where water conservation is of vital importance. Flood irrigation of trees on 8 Aug. 1991 provided the opportunity to throw doubt upon the claim of summer dormancy of river red gum.

关键词： Water consumption Eucalyptus camaldulensis desertification control Iran

Bayesian regularization Neural Networks for Prediction of Austenite Formation Temperatures(A_(c1) and A_(c3))

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Journal of Iron and Steel research International 2014年第2期21卷 246-251页

作者： masoud rAKHSHKHOrSHID sayyed-Amin TEImOUrI SENDESI Department of mechanical Engineering Birjand University of Technology Department of mechanical Engineering Roudbar BranchIslamic Azad University

A neural network with a feed forward topology and Bayesian regularization training algorithm is used to predict the austenite formation temperatures （At1 and A13） by considering the percentage of alloying elements in chemical composition of steel. The data base used here involves a large variety of different steel types such as struc- tural steels, stainless steels, rail steels, spring steels, high temperature creep resisting steels and tool steels. Scatter diagrams and mean relative error （mrE） statistical criteria are used to compare the performance of developed neural network with the results of Andrew% empirical equations and a feed forward neural network with ＂gradient descent with momentum＂ training algorithm. The results showed that Bayesian regularization neural network has the best performance. Also, due to the satisfactory results of the developed neural network, it was used to investigate the effect of the chemical composition on Ac1 and At3 temperatures. results are in accordance with materials science theories.

关键词： Bayesian regularization neural network steel chemical composition Ac1 Ae3