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Current status and potential of morphometric sperm analysis

Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第6期18卷 863-870页

作者： Alejandro maroto-morales Olga garcia-Alvarez manuel Ramon Felipe martinez-Pastor m Rocio Fernandez-Santos A Josefa Soler Jose Julian Garde SaBio IREC (CSIC - UCLm -JCCm) Albacete Spain Biomedical Center Medical Faculty in Pilsen Charles University in Prague Pilsen Czech Republic Regional Center of Animal Selection and Reproduction (CERSYRA) JCCm Valdepenas Spain 4Institute for Animal Health and Cattle Development University of Leon LeOn Spain Department of molecular Biology University of Leon Leon Spain Faculty of Pharmacy (UCLm) Albacete Spain

The spermatozoon is the most diverse cell type known and this diversity is considered to reflect differences in sperm function. How the diversity in sperm morphology arose during speciation and what role the different specializations play in sperm function, however, remain incompletely characterized. This work reviews the hypotheses proposed to explain sperm morphological evolution, with a focus on some aspects of sperm morphometric evaluation; the ability of morphometrics to predict sperm cryoresistance and male fertility is also discussed. For this, the evaluation of patterns of change of sperm head morphometry throughout a process, instead of the study of the morphometric characteristics of the sperm head at different stages, allows a better identification of the males with different sperm cryoconservation ability. These new approaches, together with more studies employing a greater number of individuals, are needed to obtain novel results concerning the role of sperm morphometry on sperm function. Future studies should aim at understanding the causes of sperm design diversity and the mechanisms that generate them, giving increased attention to other sperm structures besides the sperm head. The implementation of scientific and technological advances could benefit the simultaneous examination of sperm phenotype and sperm function, demonstrating that sperm morphometry could be a useful tool for sperm assessment.

关键词： computer-assisted sperm morphometric analysis mammals sperm function sperm morphometry

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Exenatide Response in an Adolescent’s morbid Obesity

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2014年第4期5卷 419-424页

作者： Ricardo Soriano Sanchez Alfonso Lopez Ruiz m. Angeles Nunez Sanchez noelia Victoria garcia-Talavera Espin Amparo meoro Aviles maria Teresa Gallego garcia Cristina del Peso Gilsanz Jose Soriano Palao Collaborative Groups of the Diabetes Obesity Unit of the Hospital Reina Sofia Unidad de Diabetes y Obesidad del area VII murcia Este Hospital General Universitario Reina Sofía de MurciaMurcia Espana

Adolescent obesity is a health problem worldwide. Drug therapy for obesity in children is only acceptable if done within the framework of a comprehensive weight loss, prevention of comorbidities, including health education, changes in lifestyles, diet and exercise. These pharmacological treatments indicate that mainly young patients did not respond to standard measures and developing complications. The role of bariatric surgery, with or without the use of drugs is subject to further research to elucidate its role among the various treatment options for these patients. Currently being studied a wide range of drugs to those included gastrointestinal hormones. Scientific information regarding the use of exenatide in obese patients without diabetes is still limited. The use of exenatide in adolescents with morbid obesity may represent a therapeutic complement invaluable, effective and free of complications, and prevents future bariatric surgery.

关键词： Type 2 Diabetes mellitus Exenatide Adolescent Obestity

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Dendritic Growth, Eutectic Features and Their Effects on Hardness of a Ternary Sn–Zn–Cu Solder Alloy

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Acta metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第6期30卷 528-540页

作者： Bismarck Luiz Silva Rodrigo Valenzuela Reyes Amauri garcia JoséEduardo Spinelli Department of materials Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte-UFRNNatalRN 59078-970Brazil Department of materials Engineering Federal University of Sao Carlos-UFSCarSao CarlosSP 13565-905Brazil Department of manufacturing and materials Engineering University of CampinasUNICAMPCampinasSP 13083-860Brazil

The present investigation is based on the results of a directionally solidified （DS） Sn-9 wt%Zn-2 wt%Cu alloy, including primary/secondary/tertiary dendrite arm spacings of the Sn-rich matrix, the morphologies of the eutectic mixture and the corresponding interphase spacing, the nature and proportion of the Cu-Zn intermetallic compound （ImC）. The main purpose is to establish interrelations of these microstructure features with experimental solidification thermal parameters, such as cooling rates and growth rates （v）, macrosegregation and hardness. Such interrelations are interesting for both industry and academy since they represent a tool permitting the preprogramming of final properties based on the design of the microstructure. In the case of Sn-Zn-Cu alloys, hardly anything is known about the combined effects of the length scale of the microstructure and fraction and distribution of the primary ImC on hardness. The alloy microstructure is composed of a β-Sn dendritic region, surrounded by a eutectic mixture of α-Zn and β-Sn phases and the γ-Cu5Zn8 ImC. The eutectic interphase spacing varies in the range 1.2-3.6 μm, with the α-Zn phase having a globular morphology for ν 〉 0.5 mm/s and a needle-like morphology for ν 〈 0.3 mm/s. A modified Hall-Petch-type experimental expression relating hardness to the interphase spacing is proposed.

关键词： Sn-Zn-Cu solder alloy Solidification microstructure Eutectic morphology Hardness

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The Virtual Geoscience Workbench, VGW: Open Source tools for discontinuous systems

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Particuology 2010年第2期8卷 100-105页

作者： A. munjiza J. Xiang X. garcia J.P. Latham G.G. Schiava D'Albano N.W.m. John Department of Engineering Queen Mary London University London UK Department of Earth Science and Engineering Imperial College London UK

In 1989 work began on merging finite and discrete elements. During 1990 algorithmic solutions for the new combined method were developed, together with a C-based implementation known as the Y code. In 2004 these developments and implementations were published as a textbook. Queen mary University of London ~QmUL） and Imperial College are currently engaged in a research project to make Y codes in both 2D and 3D available in Open Source format and with mainly geoscience problems in mind. The result is a set of Open Source tools for Geoscience （VGW）, key components of which are summarised in this paper, together with illustrative range of simulation results. 2009 Chinese Society of Particuology and Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Combined finite-discrete elementWorkbenchmodellingGeoscience

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Hybrid magnetorheological elastomers enable versatile soft actuators

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npj Computational materials 2022年第1期8卷 1546-1559页

作者： miguel Angel moreno-mateos mokarram Hossain Paul Steinmann Daniel garcia-Gonzalez Department of Continuum mechanics and Structural Analysis Universidad Carlos III de MadridAvda.de la Universidad 3028911LeganésMadridSpain Zienkiewicz Centre for Computational Engineering Faculty of Science and EngineeringSwansea UniversitySA18ENSwanseaUK Institute of Applied mechanics University of Erlangen-NurembergEgerland Str.5ErlangenGermany Glasgow Computational Engineering Centre School of EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowG128QQGlasgowUK

Recent advances in magnetorheological elastomers(mREs)have posed the question on whether the combination of both soft-and hard-magnetic particles may open new routes to design versatile multifunctional ***,we conceptualise ultra-soft hybrid mREs(≈1–10 kPa stiffness)combining experimental and computational ***,a comprehensive experimental characterisation is *** results unravel that the magneto-mechanical performance of hybrid mREs can be optimised by selecting an adequate mixing ratio between ***,a multi-physics computational framework provides insights into the synergistic magneto-mechanical interactions at the *** particles amplify the magnetisation and hard particles contribute to torsional *** numerical results suggest that the effective response of hybrid mREs emerges from these intricate ***,we uncover exciting possibilities to push the frontiers of mRE *** are demonstrated by simulating a bimorph beam that provides actuation flexibility either enhancing mechanical bending or material stiffening,depending on the magnetic stimulation.

关键词： versatile magneto enable

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Has global deforestation accelerated due to the COVID-19 pandemic?

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第4期34卷 1153-1165页

作者： Jonnathan Céspedes Janelle m.Sylvester Lisset Pérez-marulanda Paula Paz-garcia Louis Reymondin mehran Khodadadi Jhon J.Tello Augusto Castro-Nunez The Alliance of Bioversity International and International Center for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) Km 17 Recta Cali-PalmiraCaliColombia Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource management University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research(ZALF) MünchebergGermany

As the COVID-19 pandemic unfolded,questions arose as to whether the pandemic would amplify or pacify tropical *** reports warned of increased deforestation rates;however,these studies were limited to a few months in 2020 or to selected *** better understand how the pandemic infl uenced tropical deforestation globally,this study used historical deforestation data(2004–2019)from the Terra-i pantropical land cover change monitoring system to project expected deforestation trends for 2020,which were used to determine whether observed deforestation deviated from expected trajectories after the fi rst COVID-19 cases were *** series analyses were conducted at the regional level for the Americas,Africa and Asia and at the country level for Brazil,Colombia,Peru,the Democratic Republic of Congo and *** results suggest that the pandemic did not alter the course of deforestation trends in some countries(e.g.,Brazil,Indonesia),while it did in others(e.g.,Peru).We posit the importance of monitoring the long-term eff ects of the pandemic on deforestation trends as countries prioritize economic recovery in the aftermath of the pandemic.

关键词： Deforestation COVID-19 Time series Terra-i Drivers of deforestation monitoring

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Prospects for sociogenomics in avian cooperative breeding and parental care

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Current Zoology 2020年第3期66卷 293-306页

作者： Flavia TERmIGNONI-garcia matthew I.m.LOUDER Christopher N.BALAKRISHNAN Lauren O’CONNELL Scott V.EDWARDS Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA museum of Comparative Zoology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA International Research Center for Neurointelligence The University of TokyoHongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-0033Japan Department of Biology East Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNC 27858USA Department of Biology Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA

For the last 40 years,the study of cooperative breeding(CB)in birds has proceeded primarily in the context of discovering the ecological,geographical,and behavioral drivers of *** advent of molecular tools in the early 1990s assisted in clarifying the relatedness of helpers to those helped,in some cases,confirming predictions of kin selection *** for genome-wide analysis of sequence variation,gene expression,and epigenetics promise to add new dimensions to our understanding of avian CB,primarily in the area of molecular and developmental correlates of delayed breeding and dispersal,as well as the ontogeny of achieving parental status in ***,we outline key ways in which modern-omics approaches,in particular genome sequencing,transcriptomics,and epigenetic profiling such as ATAC-seq,can be used to add a new level of ana-lysis of avian *** on recent and ongoing studies of avian social behavior and sociogenom-ics,we review how high-throughput sequencing of a focal species or clade can provide a robust foundation for downstream,context-dependent destructive and non-destructive sampling of spe-cific tissues or physiological states in the field for analysis of gene expression and epigenetics.-Omics approaches have the potential to inform not only studies of the diversification of CB over evolutionary time,but real-time analyses of behavioral interactions in the field or *** of birds represents a new branch in the network of methods used to study CB,and can help clarify ways in which the different levels of analysis of CB ultimately interact in novel and unexpected ways.

关键词： ATAC-seq behavior convergent evolution epigenetics neurobiology phylogeny

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Fully Automatic Segmentation of Gynaecological Abnormality Using a New Viola–Jones model

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Computers, materials & Continua 2021年第3期66卷 3161-3182页

作者： Ihsan Jasim Hussein m.A.Burhanuddin mazin Abed mohammed mohamed Elhoseny Begonya garcia-Zapirain marwah Suliman maashi mashael S.maashi BIOCORE Research Group Universiti Teknikal Malaysia MelakaMelaka76100Malaysia Director of UTem International Centre BIOCORE Research GroupUniversiti Teknikal Malaysia MelakaMelaka76100Malaysia College of Computer Science and Information Technology University of AnbarRamadi31001Iraq Department of Computer Science College of Computer Information TechnologyAmerican University in the Emirates503000United Arab Emirates eVIDA Laboratory University of DeustoBilbao48007Spain medical Laboratory Science Department King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Software Engineering Department College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia

One of the most complex tasks for computer-aided diagnosis(Intelligent decision support system)is the segmentation of ***,this study proposes a new fully automated method for the segmentation of ovarian and breast ultrasound *** main contributions of this research is the development of a novel Viola–James model capable of segmenting the ultrasound images of breast and ovarian cancer *** addition,proposed an approach that can efficiently generate region-of-interest(ROI)and new features that can be used in characterizing lesion *** study uses two databases in training and testing the proposed segmentation *** breast cancer database contains 250 images,while that of the ovarian tumor has 100 images obtained from several hospitals in *** of the experiments showed that the proposed approach demonstrates better performance compared with those of other segmentation methods used for segmenting breast and ovarian ultrasound *** segmentation result of the proposed system compared with the other existing techniques in the breast cancer data set was 78.8%.By contrast,the segmentation result of the proposed system in the ovarian tumor data set was 79.2%.In the classification results,we achieved 95.43%accuracy,92.20%sensitivity,and 97.5%specificity when we used the breast cancer data *** the ovarian tumor data set,we achieved 94.84%accuracy,96.96%sensitivity,and 90.32%specificity.

关键词： Viola-Jones model breast cancer segmentation ovarian tumor ovarian tumor segmentation breast cancer ultrasound images active contour cascade model

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Ferroelectric solid solution Li1-xTa1-xWxO3 as potential photocatalysts in microbial fuel cells:Effect of the W content

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第9期26卷 1985-1991页

作者： Abdellah Benzaouak Nour-Eddine Touach V.m.Ortiz-martinez m.J.Salar-garcia F.Hernandez-Fernandez A.P.de los Rios mohammed El mahi El mostapha Lotfi Laboratory of mechanics and Industrial Processes Chemical Sciences Research TeamENSETMohammed V University in RabatMorocco Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Technical University of CartogenaCampus Muralla Del Mar MurdaSpain

microbial fuel cells(mFCs)are bio-electrochemical systems that can directly convert the chemical energy contained in an effluent into bioelectricity by the action of *** performance of these devices is heavily impacted by the choice of the material that forms the *** work focuses on the assessment of ferroelectric and photocatalytic materials as a new class of non-precious catalysts for mFC cathode construction.A series of cathodes based on mixed oxide solid solution of LiTaO_3with WO_3formulated as Li_(1-x)Ta_(1-x)W_xO_3(x=0,0.10,0.20 and0.25),were prepared and investigated in *** catalyst phases were synthesized,identified and characterized by DRX,PSD,mET and UV–Vis absorption *** cathodes were tested as photoelectrocatalysts in the presence and in the absence of visible light in devices fed with industrial *** results revealed that the catalytic activity of the cathodes strongly depends on the ratio of substitution of W^(6+)in the LiTaO_*** maximum power densities generated by the mFC working with this series of cathodes increased from60.45 mW·m^(-3)for x=0.00(LiTaO_3)to 107.2 mW·m^(-3)for x=0.10,showing that insertion of W^(6+)in the tantalate matrix can improve the photocatalytic activity of this ***,mFCs operating under optimal conditions were capable of reducing the load of chemical oxygen demand by 79%(COD_(initial)=1030 mg·L^(-1)).

关键词： Ferroelectric materials Tantalate Photocathode microbial fuel cell Bioenergy Wastewater treatment

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Topological minors in Bipartite Graphs

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Acta mathematica Sinica,English Series 2011年第11期27卷 2085-2100页

作者： Camino BALBUENA martin CERA Pedro garcia-VAZQUEZ Juan Carlos VALENZUELA Departament de matematica Aplicada III Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya C/ Jordi Girona 1-3 （ Edifici C2 Despatx 302） 08034 Barcelona Spain Departamento de matemdtica Aplicada I Universidad de SeviUa EUIT Agrlcola Ctra. Utrera Kin. 1 41013 Sevilla Spain Departamento de matemdtica Aplicada I Universidad de Sevilla ETS Arquitectura Avda. Reina Mercedes 2 41012 Sevilla Spain Departamento de matemdticas Universidad de Cddiz EPS Algeciras Avda. Ramdn Puyol s/n 11202 Algeciras Spain

For a bipartite graph G on m and n vertices, respectively, in its vertices classes, and for integers s andt such that 2≤ s ≤ t, 0≤ m-s ≤ n-t, andre＋n≤ 2s＋t-1, we prove that if G has at least mn- （2（m - s）＋ n - t） edges then it contains a subdivision of the complete bipartite K（s,t） with s vertices in the m-class and t vertices in the n-class. Furthermore, we characterize the corresponding extremal bipartite graphs with mn- （2（m - s）＋ n - t ＋ 1） edges for this topological Turan type problem.

关键词： Bipartite graphs extremal graph theory topological minor

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