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High-dose dexamethasone regulates microglial polarization via the GR/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway after traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2611-2623页

作者： m.ngshi Yang miao Bai Yuan Zhuang Shenghua Lu Qianqian Ge Hao Li Yu Deng Hongbin Wu Xiaojian xu fei Niu Xinlong Dong Bin Zhang Baiyun Liu Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurology The First Hospital of Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurotrauma and Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Critical Care medicine Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Center for Nerve Injury and Repair Beijing Institute of Brain DisordersChina National Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseasesBeijingChina

Although microglial polarization and neuroinflammation are crucial cellular responses after traumatic brain injury,the fundamental regulatory and functional mechanisms remain insufficiently *** potent anti-inflammato ry agents,the use of glucoco rticoids in traumatic brain injury is still controversial,and their regulatory effects on microglial polarization are not yet *** the present study,we sought to determine whether exacerbation of traumatic brain injury caused by high-dose dexamethasone is related to its regulatory effects on microglial polarization and its mechanisms of *** vitro cultured BV2 cells and primary microglia and a controlled cortical impact mouse model were used to investigate the effects of dexamethasone on microglial ***,dexamethasone,RU486(a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist),and ruxolitinib(a Janus kinase 1 antagonist)were ***-sequencing data obtained from a C57BL/6 mouse model of traumatic brain injury were used to identify potential targets of *** morris water maze,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,western blotting,immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy analysis,and TUNEL,Nissl,and Golgi staining were performed to investigate our ***-throughput sequencing results showed that arginase 1,a marker of m2 microglia,was significantly downregulated in the dexamethasone group compared with the traumatic brain injury group at3 days post-traumatic brain *** dexamethasone inhibited m1 and m2 microglia,with a more pronounced inhibitory effect on m2microglia in vitro and in *** receptor plays an indispensable role in microglial polarization after dexamethasone treatment following traumatic brain ***,glucocorticoid receptor activation increased the number of apoptotic cells and neuronal death,and also decreased the density of dendritic spines.A possible downstream receptor signaling mechanism is th

关键词： apoptosis BV2 microglia dexamethasone glucocorticoid receptor glucocorticoids innate immune system microglial polarization neuroinflammation primary microglia traumatic brain injury

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[Determination of eight phthalate metabolites in urine of pregnant women and evaluation of neonatal birth outcomes based on solid-phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry]

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Se pu = Chinese journal of chromatography 2025年第1期43卷 60-67页

作者： Zi-Hao Wang m.ng-fei xu Bei-Ni Li Ping Wu Wei Wu Hubei University of Chinese medicine Wuhan 430065 China.

Phthalates (PAEs) are endocrine-disrupting chemicals that are widely present in everyday life and enter the human body through various pathways. The release of PAEs into the environment through pathways that include leaching, evaporation, abrasion, and the use of personal care products exposes humans to PAEs via ingestion, inhalation, and dermal absorption. Pregnant women, as a particularly vulnerable population, risk adverse newborn growth and development when exposed to PAEs. While the concentrations of PAEs in urine reflect recent exposure levels in humans, urinary levels of phthalate metabolites (mPAEs) are commonly used as biomarkers of internal exposure owing to the relatively short biological half-lives of PAEs (mance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-HPLC-mS/mS) method for simultaneously detecting eight mPAEs in the urine of pregnant women. Urine samples were enzymatically hydrolyzed with -glucosidase and then purified using the Bond Elut Plexa SPE column, with subsequent elution, concentration, and redissolved performed prior to HPLC-mS/mS. Separation was achieved using an Agilent Eclipse Plus C18 column (100 mm×3 mm, 3.5 μm), with gradient elution performed using 0.1% acetic acid aqueous solution and 0.1% acetic acid acetonitrile as mobile phases. multiple reaction monitoring (mRm) mode was used for detection, with quantification performed using the internal-standard method. Good linearities were obtained in the range of 0.1-200 ng/mL for the eight mPAEs, with limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) of 0.015-0.048 and 0.050-0.160 ng/mL, respectively. The eight mPAEs exhibited recoveries of 80.2%-99.7% at three spiked levels (1, 10, and 50 ng/mL). This method was subsequently used to analyze the eight mPAEs levels in urine samples of 497 pregnant women from the Ezhou maternity and Child Health Care Hospital. The participants exhibited widespread exposure t

关键词： birth outcomes high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-mS/mS) phthalate metabolites (mPAEs) urine samples of pregnant women

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Establishment and verification of theoretical model for underwater light-sheet Scheimpflug LiDAR system

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年第1期 54-61页

作者： fei FEng Guojun WU Bo LIU xu ZHAO Yafeng WU Jinghan xu Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Scheimpflug imaging in the air can increase the depth-of-view and has been well studied with an accurate Scheimpflug imaging model. However, there is no corresponding underwater light-sheet Scheimpflug(ULSS) imaging *** a result, imaging accuracy cannot be ensured in the design phase, which mainly relies on the post-calibration. In this paper,the ULSS imaging model is firstly established, which gives the relationship between the pixel number and target distance, as well as that between the target distance and range resolution. A new experimental bracket and an underwater Scheimflug imaging lens were designed and developed. Based on this new device, several experiments were carried out in a pool to study the range resolution of this ULSS LiDAR, by which the correctness of the imaging model was verified. It also shows that the newly designed ULSS LiDAR can achieve a millimeter-level resolution within 8 m.

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Deciphering fungal metabolon coupling tandem inverse-electrondemand Diels-Alder reaction and semipinacol rearrangement for the biosynthesis of spiro polycyclic alkaloids

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第01期 288-296页

作者： Shuai Liu Wen-Qiang xu Ying-Tong Di man-Cheng Tang Ding-Kang Chen m.ng-m.ng Cao Yao-Wen Chang Hong-Yu Tang Chun-mao Yuan Jun-Bo Yang Zhi-Li Zuo Han Guo Zi-fei xu Ying Zeng Yun-Dong Wu Xiao-Jiang Hao Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural medicines (Chinese Academy of Sciences) Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen Bay Laboratory State Key Laboratory of microbial metabolism School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University molecular Biology Experimental Center Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwest China Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Research Unit of Chemical Biology of Natural Anti-Virus Products Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences

In the intricate process of natural product biosynthesis, a metabolon can enhance metabolic flux by associating sequential enzymes. A fungal metabolon, comprising of flavin-dependent monooxygenase Spe F and P450 monooxygenase Spe G, is identified in the biosynthesis of spiro polycyclic alkaloids(+)-notoamide B and its diastereomer(+)-versicolamide B. Using notoamide E as a substance, Spe F/Spe G metabolon can control the stereoselectivity of its 2,3-epoxidation, followed by hydrogen atom ion at C-17 to generate reactive epoxide tau-m A with dienyl iminium unit. Subsequently,(+)-notoamide B and(+)-versicolamide B are produced via tandem nonenzymatic inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction and semipinacol rearrangement. This provides the first example of metabolon in the biosynthesis of spiro-prenylated indole alkaloids.

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A CASCADIC mULTIGRID mETHOD FOR SEmILINEAR ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS

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Journal of Computational mathematics 2019年第1期37卷 112-129页

作者： fei xu Fusheng Luo Beijing Institute for Scientific and Engineering Computing Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124China The Third Institute of Oceanography SOAXiamen 361005China

This paper introduce a cascadic multigrid method for solving semilinear elliptic equations based on a multilevel correction *** of the common costly way of directly solving semilinear elliptic equation on a very fine space,the new method contains some smoothing steps on a series of multilevel finite element spaces and some solving steps to semilinear elliptic equations on a very coarse *** prove the efficiency of the new method,we derive two results,one of the optimal convergence rate by choosing the appro- priate sequence of finite element spaces and the number of smoothing steps,and the other of the optimal computational work by applying the parallel computing ***,the requirement of bounded second order derivatives of nonlinear term in the existing multigrid methods is reduced to a bounded first order derivative in the new *** numerical experiments are presented to validate our theoretical analysis.

关键词： Sernilinear elliptic equation Parallel computing Cascadic multigrid multilevel correction Finite element method

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The synergism of sequential paired electrosynthesis with halogen bonding activation for the cyclization of organochlorides with olefins

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Science China Chemistry 2023年第2期66卷 540-547页

作者： fei Lian Kun xu Chengchu Zeng Faculty of Environment and Life Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China

Reported herein is the design of a new catalytic paradigm by synergistically combining sequential paired electrosynthesis with halogen-bonding(XB)activation for the cyclization of organochlorides with *** dual activation strategy enables rapid access to densely functionalized 2-alkylidene-tetrahydrofurans with exclusive Z-selectivities,which are challenging to be synthesized by other methods.4,4′-Di-tert-butyl-2,2′-bipyridine(dtbbpy)showed an unprecedented reactivity as a XB acceptor to activate C-Cl bond by shifting its reduction potential positively by 220 m *** different from previous electroreductions of C-Cl bonds relying upon high electrode potentials or matched redox properties between mediators and organochlorides,the XB activator employed herein has no limit on the abovementioned redox property matching but can lower the applied electrode *** decreased operating potential allows broad functional group tolerance,which was highlighted by the late-stage functionalization of 11 examples of drugs and natural products-derived alkenes.

关键词： electrochemistry cross-electrophile coupling electrocatalysis paired electrolysis

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Is minimizing Flow Completion Time the Optimal Way in meeting Flow's Deadline in Datacenter Networks

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China Communications 2016年第S1期13卷 6-15页

作者： xu Yakun LUO Hongbin REN fei National Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Internet Technologies School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University

In modern datacenters, the most common method to solve the network latency problem is to minimize flow completion time during the transmission process. Following the soft real-time nature, the optimization of transport latency is relaxed to meet a flow's deadline in deadline-sensitive services. However, none of existing deadline-sensitive protocols consider deadline as a constraint condition of *** can only simplify the objective of meeting a flow's deadline as a deadline-aware mechanism by assigning a higher priority for tight-deadline constrained flows to finish the transmission as soon as possible, which results in an unsatisfactory effect in the condition of high fan-in degree. It drives us to take a step back and rethink whether minimizing flow completion time is the optimal way in meeting flow's deadline. In this paper, we focus on the design of a soft real-time transport protocol with deadline constraint in datacenters and present a flow-based deadline scheduling scheme for datacenter networks(FBDS).FBDS makes the unilateral deadline-aware flow transmission with priority transform into a compound centralized single-machine deadlinebased flow scheduling decision. In addition, FBDS blocks the flow sets and postpones some flows with extra time until their deadlines to make room for the new arriving flows in order to improve the deadline meeting rate. Our simulation resultson flow completion time and deadline meeting rate reveal the potential of FBDS in terms of a considerable deadline-sensitive transport protocol for deadline-sensitive interactive services.

关键词： datacenter networks deadline preemptive scheduling flow completion time

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A CASCADIC mULTIGRID mETHOD FOR EIGENVALUE PROBLEm

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Journal of Computational mathematics 2017年第1期35卷 74-90页

作者： Xiaole Han Hehu Xie fei xu IAPCm Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100093 China LSEC NCMIS Institute of Computational Mathematics Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Beijing Institute for Scientific and Engineering Computing Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China

A cascadic multigrid method is proposed for eigenvalue problems based on the multilevel correction scheme. With this new scheme, an eigenvalue problem on the finest space can be solved by linear smoothing steps on a series of multilevel finite element spaces and nonlinear correcting steps on special coarsest spaces. Once the sequence of finite element spaces and the number of smoothing steps are appropriately chosen, the optimal convergence rate with the optimal computational work can be obtained. Some numerical experiments are presented to validate our theoretical analysis.

关键词： Eigenvalue problem Cascadic multigrid multilevel correction scheme Finiteelement method.

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Terrain-influenced wind flow of the Qitai radio telescope site

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Journal of mountain Science 2023年第11期20卷 3173-3185页

作者： HE fei-long xu Qian WAng Na xuE fei WAng Hui Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Radio Astrophysics Urumqi 830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The wind environment of a site is one of the important factors affecting the observation performance of large aperture and high-performance radio *** the relationship between the effects of different terrains on wind flow is important to optimize the wind environment of the *** terrain of the Qitai radio telescope(QTT)site located in east Tianshan mountains at an elevation of about 1800 m was used to study the wind flow in the adjacent zone of antenna based on numerical *** area from 600m south to 600m north of the antenna is defined as the antenna adjacent zone,and three groups of boundaries with different terrains are set up upstream and downstream,*** the zone where the antenna is located is a slope terrain,in order to verify the influence of terrain on the wind flow and to clarify the relationship between the influence of boundary terrain on the wind flow,a control group of horizontal terrain is *** simulation results show that the wind flow is mainly influenced by the *** highest elevation of the upstream and downstream boundary terrains affects the basic wind *** upstream boundary terrain has a greater impact on wind flow than the downstream boundary *** addition,the wind speed profile index obtained by numerical simulation is smaller than the actual index for the wind from ***,the wind speed at the upper level(about 100 m)obtained by inversion based on the measured wind speed at the bottom(about 10 m)is also smaller than the actual wind speed.

关键词： Radio telescope site Terrain Wind flow characteristic Numerical simulation

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IEEE standard pioneered an IT-led interdisciplinary approach to structure low-altitude airspace for UAV operations

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第10期65卷 295-296页

作者： Chenchen xu Xiaohan LIAO fei YAng State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences The Research Center for UAV Applications and Regulation Chinese Academy of Sciences Office of Air Traffic Regulation Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)

Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) equiped with state-of-theart information and automation technologies are developing rapidly, especially in low-altitude airspace within 1000 m above ground. many commercialized UAV flights may soon jam this slice of airspace. Thus, the IEEE Communications Society has established a working group to develop a standard for structuring a low-altitude airspace framework for UAV operation.

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