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Simulation of automobile fuel consumption and emissions for various driver's manual shifting habits

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Journal of Central South University 2014年第3期21卷 1058-1066页

作者： B.mashadi Y.Amiri-rad A.Afkar m.mahmoodi-kaleybar School of Automotive Engineering Iran University of Science & Technology Department of mechanical Engineering Parand Branch Islamic Azad University

The effects of different habits of the drivers on gear shifting strategies for manual powertrain were investigated. For the realization of simulation, the shifting habits of the drivers were conducted in the Advisor software to investigate and compare the emission rates. Simulation was developed based on the optimal gear shifting strategy and criteria and was validated both in fuel economy and emissions by analyzing the results in the various driving cycle and driving styles. To explore an optimal gear shifting strategy with best fuel economy and lowest emission for a manual transmission, a strategy was designed with a highest possible gear criterion as long as the torque requirement can be satisfied. Based on two different criteria, namely the engine working conditions and the driver's intention, the governing parameters in decision making for gear shifting of manual transmission in conventional engine were discussed. It is also shown that the optimum gear shifting strategy is based on that both the engine state and the driver's intention eliminates unnecessary shiftings that are present when the intention is overlooked. The optimum shifting habit and the best driving cycle in terms of minimum emissions and fuel consumption were proposed.

关键词： gear shifting strategies driving cycle driver model Advisor

Frequency-dependent viscoelasticity effects on the wave attenuation performance of multi-layered periodic foundations

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 407-424页

作者： m.SAFI m.VAKILIFARD m.J.mahmoodi Faculty of Civil Water&Environmental EngineeringShahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran Faculty of mechanical and Energy Engineering Shahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran

In this paper,layered periodic foundations(LPFs)are numerically examined for their responses to longitudinal and transverse modes in the time and frequency *** different unit-cells,i.e.,2-layer,4-layer,and 6-layer unit-cells,comprising concrete/rubber,concrete/rubber/steel/rubber,and concrete/rubber/steel/rubber/lead/rubber materials,respectively,are taken into ***,the viscoelasticity behavior of the rubber is modeled with two factors,i.e.,a frequency-independent(FI)loss factor and a linear frequency-dependent(FD)loss *** the extraction of the complex dispersion curves and the identification of the band gaps(BGs),the simulations of wave transmission in the time and frequency domains are performed using the COmSOL *** parametric studies evaluate the effects of the rubber viscoelasticity models on the dispersion curves and the wave transmission for the longitudinal and transverse *** results show that considering the rubber viscoelasticity enhances the wave attenuation ***,the transverse-mode damping is more sensitive to the viscoelasticity model than its longitudinal *** 6-layer unit-cell LPF exhibits the lowest BG,ranging from 4.8 Hz to 6.5 Hz.

关键词： layered metamaterial periodic foundation complex dispersion curve wave transmission diagram

Stereological study of the effects of vitamin E on testis structure in rats treated with para-nonylphenol

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2009年第4期11卷 508-516页

作者： m Soleimani mehranjani A Noorafshan HR momeni mH Abnosi m.mahmoodi m Anvari Sm Hoseini Biology Department Arak University Arak 38156 Iran Anatomy Department Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz 71348 Iran Anatomy Department Research and Clinical Center for Infertility Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences Yazd 89195-999 Iran

This study was organized to see whether vitamin E, as a strong antioxidant, could affect the abnormalities of testis structure caused by para-nonylphenol （p-NP） during its development. A total of 32 female Wistar rats after mating were divided into four groups （n = 8）： control, vitamin E （100 mg kg^-1 per day）, p-NP （250 mg kg^-1 per day） and p-NP ＋ vitamin E. The rats were treated from the seventh day of pregnancy till the twenty-first day. After weaning, the male pups were divided into the same groups and were treated orally for 90 days. Finally, the right testis was fixed, processed, stained and studied using stereological methods. The weight and volume of testis, volume of seminiferous tubules and its diameter, thickness of the basement membrane, height of the germinal epithelium, total number of types A and B spermatogonia, spermatocyte, spermatid and Sertoli cells were significantly reduced in p-NP group when compared with other groups. Co-administration of vitamin E and p-NP compensated for the adverse effects of p-NP on the above parameters. In addition, treatment with only vitamin E caused a significant increase in diameter, basement membrane thickness and height of germinal epithelium, number of spermatogonia and spermatocytes. Co-administration of vitamin E with p-NP could prevent the adverse effects ofp-NP on the testis structure during its development.

关键词： development para-nonylphenol stereology testis vitamin E

Chemoselective synthesis of δ-lactones via benzyl radical cyclization utilizing K_2S_2O_8-CuCl_2

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2008年第12期19卷 1431-1434页

作者： N.O.mahmoodi K.Tabatabaeian m.Kosari S.Zarrabi Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of GuilanRashtP.O.Box 1914Iran

Direct chemoselective oxidation of δ-lactones via highly stable benzyl radical cyclization is reported. The one-pot conversion of premade substituted 5-aryl pentanoic acid and 8-benzyl-1-naphthoic acid in the presence of K2S2Os--CuCl2 results to the δ-lactones in moderate to good yields. The advantages of this methodology is using water as a solvent and utilizing available starting materials.

关键词： δ-Lactones Benzyl radical Chemoselective oxidation K2S2O8-CuCl2

Optimization of suspension system of off-road vehicle for vehicle performance improvement

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Journal of Central South University 2013年第4期20卷 902-910页

作者： m. mahmoodi-Kaleibar I. Javanshir K. Asadi A. Afkar A. Paykani Department of mechanical Engineering Parand Branch Islamic Azad University School of mechanical Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology School of Automotive Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology

Vehicle suspension design includes a number of compromises to provide good leveling of stability and ride comfort. Optimization of off-road vehicle suspension system is one of the most effective methods, which could considerably enhance the vehicle stability and controllability. In this work, a comprehensive optimization of an off-read vehicle suspension system model was carried out using software ADAmS. The geometric parameters of suspension system were optimized using genetic algorithm (GA) in a way that ride comfort, handling and stability of vehicle were improved. The results of optimized suspension system and variations of geometric parameters due to road roughness and different steering angles were presented in ADAmS and the results of optimized and conventional suspension systems during various driving maneuvers were compared. The simulation results indicate that the camber angle variations decrease by the optimized suspension system, resulting in improved handling and ride comfort characteristics.

关键词： optimized suspension system stability ride comfort vehicle double wishbone suspension system model

Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of cyclic ketones utilizing potassium peroxydisulfate(K_2S_2O_8) or sodium perborate(NaBO_3) in acidic media

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2009年第12期20卷 1400-1404页

作者： S.Zarrabi N.O.mahmoodi K.Tabatabaeian m.A.Zanjanchi Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of GuilanRashtP.O.Box 1914Iran

The efficient, green, facile, mild and straightforward conversion procedure for the oxidation of cyclic ketones to lactones at room temperature utilizing potassium peroxydisulfate （K2S2O8） in acidic media is satisfactory to high yields without using traditional chlorinated solvents is reported. This oxidative reagent is cheap and friendly environmental procedure for industrial purposes than use of organic peracids.

关键词： Baeyer-Villiger oxidation Cyclic ketones Potassium peroxydisulfate (K2S208) Acidic media Sodium perborate (NaBO3)

An efficient chemo-and regioselective three-component synthesis of pyridazinones and phthalazinones using activated KSF

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2010年第5期21卷 538-541页

作者： L.Zare N.O.mahmoodi A.Yahyazadeh m.mamaghani K.Tabatabaeian Department of Chemistry Faculty of SciencesUniversity of GuilanRast 41335-1914Iran

The first three-component and regioselective synthesis of pyridazinones and phthalazinones from arenes,anhydrides and ArNHNH;in the presence of efficient recyclable heterogeneous catalyst,montmorillonite-KSF,in high y... 详细信息

关键词： Regioselective Pyridazinones Phthalazinones montmorillonite-KSF

Spatial variability of soil development indices and their compatibility with soil taxonomic classes in a hilly landscape: a case study at Bandar village, Northern Iran

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山地科学学报（英文） 2016年第10期13卷 1746-1759页

作者： maryam OSAT Ahmad HEIDARI mostafa KARImIAN EGHBAL Shahla mahmoodi Soil Science Department Agriculture and Natural Resources College University Of Tehran Soil Science Department College of Agriculture Tarbiat Modares University

Soil complexity and its multivariable nature restrict the precision of soil maps that are essential tools for soil sustainable management. most methods developed for reducing impurities of soil map units focus on soil external properties. Taking into account the soil internal properties like geochemical weathering indices could increase the map unit's purity. However, the compatibility of these indices with Soil Taxonomic Classes has not been studied yet. This study has been performed in a hilly region with different soil types, vegetation and diverse topographic attributes to illustrate the spatial variability of soil weathering indices and their compatibility with Soil Taxonomic Classes. The grid sampling is at 100 m interval. Physico-chemical and total elemental analyses were performed on 184 and 56 soil samples respectively. Eight topographic attributes and 14 common soil development indices were determined. Principal components analysis(PCA) was done to identify the most important components. The results indicated that morphological Index(mI) was the best index to show the degree ofsoil development in the studied region. Spatial distribution of Soil Taxonomic Classes showed relatively good compatibility with the first principal component(PC1), Vogt(V) and morphological indices. This study showed that using soil development indices with the conventional methods could be helpful tools in soil survey investigations.

关键词： Soil formation Spatial variability Weathering Topographic attributes

The effects of consumption of raw garlic on serum lipid level, blood sugar and a number of effective hormones on lipid and sugar metabolism in hyperglycemic and/or hyperlipidemic individuals ——Benefit of raw garlic consumption

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2011年第2期1卷 29-33页

作者： m.mahmoodi S.m. Hosseini Zijoud G.H. Hassanshahi m.A. Toghroli m Khaksari m.R. Hajizadeh E mirzajani Dept. of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences Rafsanjan Iran

Diabetes mellitus is one of the worldwide largest growing metabolic diseases. In this study the effects of consumption of raw garlic on serum lipid level, blood sugar and a number of effective hormones on lipid and sugar metabolism (thyroid hormones and insulin) in individuals either with high level of blood sugar or lipid were investigated. Eighty five volunteers having following clinical history enrolled in the study: Group 1: having blood sugar more than 126 mg/dl (30 vo-lunteers);Group 2: having cholesterol higher than 245 mg/dl (30 volunteers);Group 3: having blood sugar over 126 mg/dl and cholesterol more than 245 mg/dl (25 volunteers). In group 1, there wasn’t a sig-nificant differences between biochemical factors be-fore and after garlic consumption, whereas, in the second group after 6 weeks of garlic consumption a decline in cholesterol (P mination of garlic con-sumption, cholesterol (P mones (T3, T4), TSH and insulin showed no significant alte- ration. In conclusion our results shown that raw garlic consumption can reduce the FBS and Lipid in hyperglycemic and/or hyperlipidemic individuals.

关键词： Garlic Serum Lipid Level Blood Sugar Hormones Hyperglycemic Hyperlipidemic