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metabolic complications of psychotropic medications in psychiatric disorders:Emerging role of de novo lipogenesis and therapeutic consideration

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第6期14卷 767-783页

作者： mohammad m Khan Zaw Ali Khan mohsin Ali Khan Laboratory of Translational Neurology and molecular Psychiatry Department of BiotechnologyEra’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospitaland Faculty of ScienceEra UniversityLucknow 226003India Era’s Lucknow medical College and Hospital Era UniversityLucknow 226003India

Although significant advances have been made in understanding the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders(PDs),therapeutic advances have not been very *** psychotropic medications can reduce classical symptoms in patients with PDs,their long-term use has been reported to induce or exaggerate various pre-existing metabolic abnormalities including diabetes,obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).The mechanism(s)underlying these metabolic abnormalities is not clear;however,lipid/fatty acid accumulation due to enhanced de novo lipogenesis(DNL)has been shown to reduce membrane fluidity,increase oxidative stress and inflammation leading to the development of the aforementioned metabolic ***,emerging evidence suggest that DNL dysregulation and fatty acid accumulation could be the major mechanisms associated with the development of obesity,diabetes and NAFLD after long-term treatment with psychotropic medications in patients with *** support of this,several adjunctive drugs comprising of anti-oxidants and antiinflammatory agents,that are used in treating PDs in combination with psychotropic medications,have been shown to reduce insulin resistance and development of *** conclusion,the above evidence suggests that DNL could be a potential pathological factor associated with various metabolic abnormalities,and a new avenue for translational research and therapeutic drug designing in PDs.

关键词： Psychotropic medications metabolic complications De novo lipogenesis Obesity Diabetes Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Recent progress in two-dimensional metallenes and their potential application as electrocatalyst

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 577-598页

作者： Umer Shahzad mohsin Saeed muhammad Fazle Rabbee Hadi m.marwani Jehan Y.Al-Humaidi muhammad Altaf Raed H.Althomali Kwang-Hyun Baek md.Rabiul Awual mohammed m.Rahman Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Biotechnology Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanSouth Korea Center of Excellence for Advanced materials Research(CEAmR) King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry College of SciencePrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.BOX 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry(PERCH-CIC)Center of Excellence in Materials Science and TechnologyFaculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of Chemistry College of Art and SciencePrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityWadi Al-Dawasir 11991Saudi Arabia Western Australian School of mines:minerals Energy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityGPO Box U 1987PerthWA 6845Australia

In this article,we looked at metallenes,a novel class of two-dimensional(2D)metals that are attracting interest in the energy and catalysis *** is one area where their exceptional physicochemical and electrical characteristics might be *** are unique because they include several metal atoms that are not in a coordinated *** makes them more active and improves their atomic uti-lization,which in turn increases their catalytic *** article delves into the potential of two-dimensional metals as electrocatalysts for carbon dioxide reduction,fuel oxidation,oxygen evolution,and oxygen reduction reactions in the context of sustainable energy *** to the exception-ally high surface-to-volume ratio,large surface area as well as their optimized atomic use efficiency,2D materials defined by atomic layers are crucial for surface-related sustainable energy *** to its exceptional properties,such as high conductivity and the ability to enhance the exposure of active metal sites,2D metallenes have recently attracted a lot of interest for use in catalysis,electronics,and energy-related *** their highly mobility,adjustable surface states,and electrical struc-tures that can be fine-tuned,2D metallenes are promising nanostructure materials for use in energy con-version with the sustainable applications.

关键词： metallenes Electrocatalysts Electrochemical processes Atomically thin structure

Comparison of resistive index and shear-wave elastography in the evaluation of chronic kidney allograft dysfunction

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 154-163页

作者： Ameet Kumar Jesrani Syed m Faiq Rahma Rashid Tariq Ali Kalwar Rehan mohsin Tahir Aziz Nida Amin Khan muhammed mubarak Department of Radiology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 74200SindhPakistan Department of Pathology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 74200SindhPakistan Department of Transplantation Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 74200SindhPakistan Department of Urology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 74200SindhPakistan

BACKGROUND Detection of early chronic changes in the kidney allograft is important for timely intervention and long-term *** and novel ultrasound-based investigations are being increasingly used for this purpose with variable *** To compare the diagnostic performance of resistive index(RI)and shear wave elastography(SWE)in the diagnosis of chronic fibrosing changes of kidney allograft with histopathological *** This is a cross-sectional and comparative study.A total of 154 kidney transplant recipients were included in this study,which was conducted at the Departments of Transplantation and Radiology,Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation,Karachi,Pakistan,from August 2022 to February *** consecutive patients with increased serum creatinine levels and reduced glomerular filtration rate(GFR)after three months of transplantation were enrolled in this *** and RI were performed and the findings of these were evaluated against the kidney allograft biopsy results to determine their diagnostic *** The mean age of all patients was 35.32±11.08 *** these,126(81.8%)were males and 28(18.2%)were *** mean serum creatinine in all patients was 2.86±1.68 mg/dL and the mean estimated GFR was 35.38±17.27 mL/min/1.73 *** allograft biopsy results showed chronic changes in 55(37.66%)*** sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value(PPV),and negative predictive value(NPV)of SWE for the detection of chronic allograft damage were 93.10%,96.87%%,94.73%,and 95.87%,respectively,and the diagnostic accuracy was 95.45%.For RI,the sensitivity,specificity,PPV,and NPV were 76.92%,83.33%,70.17%,and 87.62%,respectively,and the diagnostic accuracy was 81.16%.CONCLUSION The results from this study show that SWE is more sensitive and specific as compared to RI in the evaluation of chronic allograft *** can be of great help during the routine follow-up of kidney transplant recipients for screening a

关键词： Shear wave Sonoelastography Resistive index Chronic allograft changes Biopsy Histopathology

Effect of Zinc additive on dielectric properties of Cd–Se glassy system

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Progress in Natural Science:materials International 2015年第3期25卷 222-228页

作者： mohsin Ganaie m.Zulfequar Department of Physics Jamia Millia Islamia

Cd5Se95–xZnx(x=0, 2, 4, 6) glassy alloy has been prepared by a melt-quenching technique. Thin films were deposited by thermal coating unit on ultraclean glass substrate under a vacuum of 10–6Torr. The absence of any sharp peaks in the X-ray diffraction confirms the amorphous nature of thin films. The frequency and temperature dependence of dielectric constant and dielectric loss in the frequency range of 1 kHz to 1 mHz and in the temperature range of 290–370 K were studied. Dielectric dispersion was observed when Zinc(Zn) was incorporated into the Cd–Se *** increase in dielectric parameter with Zn concentration may be due to increase in defect states. The DC conductivity has been reported to investigate the effect of Zn concentration on DC conduction loss. The results are interpreted in term of dipolar theory for Cd5Se95 and Cd5Se93Zn2samples, while the remaining samples have been explained on the basis of DC conduction loss. It was also observed that the DC conductivity increased with the increase of Zinc concentration, which may be due to the decrease in the band gap near Fermi level.

关键词： Amorphous semiconductor Localized states DC conductivity Dielectric constant Dielectric loss

An Improved Perturb and Observe maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm for Photovoltaic Power Systems

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Journal of modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第4期11卷 1165-1175页

作者： Rasool Kahani mohsin Jamil m.Tariq Iqbal Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sA1B 3X5Canada

This paper aims to improve the performance of the conventional perturb and observe(P&O)maximum power point tracking(mPPT)*** the oscillation around the maximum power point(mPP)is the main disadvantage of this technique,we introduce a modified P&O algorithm to conquer this *** new algorithm recognizes approaching the peak of the photovoltaic(PV)array power curve and prevents the oscillation around the *** key to achieve this goal is testing the change of output power in each cycle and comparing it with the change in array terminal power of the previous *** a decrease in array terminal power is observed after an increase in the previous cycle or in the opposite direction,an increase in array terminal power is observed after a decrease in the previous cycle;it means we are at the peak of the power curve,so the duty cycle of the boost converter should remain the same as the previous ***,an optimized duty cycle is introduced,which is adjusted based on the operating point of PV ***,a DC-DC boost converter powered by a PV array simulator is used to test the proposed *** the irradiance changes,the proposed algorithm produces an averageηmPPT of nearly 3.1%greater than that of the conventional P&O algorithm and the incremental conductance(In C)*** addition,under strong partial shading conditions and drift avoidance tests,the proposed algorithm produces an averageηmPPT of nearly 9%and 8%greater than that of the conventional algorithms,respectively.

关键词： Photovoltaic system maximum power point tracking(mPPT) perturb and observe(P&O) boost converter steady-state performance

Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Agro-Ecosystems and Their Contribution to Environmental Change in the Indus Basin of Pakistan

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2008年第6期25卷 1043-1052页

作者： m. mohsin IQBAL m. Arif GOHEER Global Change Impact Studies Centre （ GCISC） National Centre for Physics （NCP） Complex Quaid-e-Azam University P.O. QA U-45320 Islamabad Pakistan

There is growing concern that increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere have been responsible for global warming through their effect on radiation balance and temperature. The magnitude of emissions and the relative importance of different sources vary widely, regionally and locally. The Indus Basin of Pakistan is the food basket of the country and agricultural activities are vulnerable to the effects of global warming due to accelerated emissions of GHGs. many developments have taken place in the agricultural sector of Pakistan in recent decades in the background of the changing role of the government and the encouragement of the private sector for investment in new ventures. These interventions have considerable GHG emission potential. Unfortunately, no published information is currently available on GHG concentrations in the Indus Basin to assess their magnitude and emission trends. The present study is an attempt to estimate GHG （CO2, CH4 and N2O） emissions arising from different agro-ecosystems of Indus Basin. The GHGs were estimated mostly using the IPCC Guidelines and data from the published literature. The results showed that CH4 emissions were the highest （4.126 Tg yr^-1） followed by N20 （0.265 Tg yr^-1） and CO2 （52.6 Tg yr^-1）. The sources of CH4 are enteric fermentation, rice cultivation and cultivation of other crops. N2O is formed by microbial denitrification of NO3 produced from applied fertilizer-N on cropped soils or by mineralization of native organic matter on fallow soils. CO2 is formed by the burning of plant residue and by soil respiration due to the decomposition of soil organic matter.

关键词： greenhouse gases agriculture Indus Basin Pakistan

Laboratory scale studies on removal of chromium from industrial wastes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2003年第3期15卷 417-422页

作者： m.A.Baig mohsin mir Shazad murtaza Zafar I. Bhatti Institute of Environmental Science & Engineering National University of Science & EngineeringInstitute of Environmental Science & Engineering National University of Science & EngineeringInstitute of Environmental Science & Engineering National University of Science & EngineeringInstitute of Environmental Science & Engineering National University of Science & Engineering Rawalpindi PakistanRawalpindi PakistanRawalpindi PakistanRawalpindi Pakistan

Chromium being one of the major toxic pollutants is discharged from electroplating and chrome tanning processes and is also found in the effluents of dyes, paint pigments, manufacturing units etc. Chromium exists in aqueous systems in both trivalent (Cr 3+) and hexavalent (Cr 6+) forms. The hexavalent form is carcinogenic and toxic to aquatic life, whereas Cr 3+ is however comparatively less toxic. This study was undertaken to investigate the total chromium removal from industrial effluents by chemical means in order to achieve the Pakistan NEQS level of 1 mg/L by the methods of reduction and precipitation. The study was conducted in four phases. In phase Ⅰ, the optimum pH and cost effective reducing agent among the four popular commercial chemicals was selected. As a result, pH of 2 was found to be most suitable and sodium meta bisulfate was found to be the most cost effective reducing agent respectively. Phase Ⅱ showed that lower dose of sodium meta bisulfate was sufficient to obtain 100 % efficiency in reducing Cr 6+ to Cr 3+, and it was noted that reaction time had no significance in the whole process. A design curve for reduction process was established which can act as a tool for treatment of industrial effluents. Phase Ⅲ studies indicated the best pH was 8.5 for precipitation of Cr 3+ to chromium hydroxide by using lime. An efficiency of 100 % was achievable and a settling time of 30 minutes produced clear effluent. Finally in Phase Ⅳ actual waste samples from chrome tanning and electroplating industries, when precipitated at pH of 12 gave 100 % efficiency at a settling time of 30 minutes and confirmed that chemical means of reduction and precipitation is a feasible and viable solution for treating chromium wastes from industries.

关键词： tannery waste effluents reduction precipitation efficiency chromium

Electrical conductivity retention and electrochemical activity of CSA doped graphene/gold nanoparticle@ polyaniline composites

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Progress in Natural Science:materials International 2016年第4期26卷 341-346页

作者： md.Akherul Islam m.Ehtisham Khan muhammad mohsin Hossain mudassir Hasan Department of Pharmacy Atish Dipankar University of Science & Technology School of Chemical Engineering Yeungnam University

This paper reports the synthesis of CTAB mediated CSA doped PANI and GN/GNP@ PANI composite nanofibers. The as synthesized composite nanofibers were examined by TEm, SEm, XRD, Raman spectroscopy; UV–visible diffused reflectance spectroscopy and TGA. The CTAB mediated CSA doped composite nanofibers showed 59% higher DC electrical conductivity at ambient temperature than that of PANI,which might be due to the enhancement in the mobility of the charge carriers and reduction in hopping distance in the composite system. The CTAB mediated CSA doped composite nanofibers compared to PANI was observed to be showing enhanced DC electrical conductivity retention after various cycles of heating, suggesting an enhancement in thermal stability of the composite structure, which could be attributed to the synergistic effect of GN,GNP and PANI. Additionally, the composite nanofibers showed greater electrochemical activity and better capacitive performance and reduced optical bandgap than that of PANI.

关键词： GN GNP Poly aniline Conductivity retention Thermal stability Capacitor

Raising capital amid economic policy uncertainty:an empirical investigation

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Financial Innovation 2022年第1期8卷 2013-2044页

作者： Dawood Ashraf mohsin Khawaja m.Ishaq Bhatti Islamic Development Bank Institute(A member of Islamic Development Bank Group) 8111 King Khalid StreetJeddah 22332-2444Saudi Arabia School of Business Studies Institute of Business Administration(IBA)KarachiPakistan S P Jain School of Global management SydneyNSW 2141Australia La Trobe Business School La Trobe UniversityMelbourneAustralia

This paper investigates how economic policy uncertainty affects firms’frequency and their choice of financial instruments to raise *** applying a three-step sequential framework over a sample of 6834 publicly listed US non-financial firms,we find that during periods of high economic uncertainty,firms raise capital more frequently with a preference toward debt *** empirical findings suggest that firms prefer debt financing over equity financing to avoid ownership dilution and high equity *** rise in leverage during periods of high economic uncertainty highlights the importance of scrutinizing policy tools used to stabilize the economy during such times.

关键词： Economic policy uncertainty Political uncertainty Capital issuance Debt and equity markets Ownership structure Governance mechanisms