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Solution‑Processed Thin Film Transparent Photovoltaics:Present Challenges and Future Development

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Nano-micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 566-600页

作者： Tianle Liu munerah m.S.Almutairi Jie ma Aisling Stewart Zhaohui Xing mengxia Liu Bo Hou Yuljae Cho Um-SJTU Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF243AAWalesUK Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA Energy Sciences Institute Yale UniversityWest HavenCT 06516USA Future Photovoltaics Research Center Global Institute of Future TechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

Electrical energy is essential for modern society to sustain economic *** soaring demand for the electrical energy,together with an awareness of the environmental impact of fossil fuels,has been driving a shift towards the utilization of solar ***,traditional solar energy solutions often require extensive spaces for a panel installation,limiting their practicality in a dense urban *** overcome the spatial constraint,researchers have developed transparent photovoltaics(TPV),enabling windows and facades in vehicles and buildings to generate electric *** TPV advancements are focused on improving both transparency and power output to rival commercially available silicon solar *** this review,we first briefly introduce wavelength-and non-wavelengthselective strategies to achieve *** of merit and theoretical limits of TPVs are discussed to comprehensively understand the status of current TPV *** we highlight recent progress in different types of TPVs,with a particular focus on solution-processed thin-film photovoltaics(PVs),including colloidal quantum dot PVs,metal halide perovskite PVs and organic *** applications of TPVs are also reviewed,with emphasis on agrivoltaics,smart windows and ***,current challenges and future opportunities in TPV research are pointed out.

关键词： Transparent semiconductors Solution-processable transparent solar cell Emerging solar cell materials Buildingintegrated photovoltaics

A Wind Tunnel Experimental Study on the Wake Characteristics of a Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 145-158页

作者： GUO Xingduo LI Yinran LI Rennian ma Yulong WEI Kui College of Energy and Power Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050China Key Laboratory of Fluid machinery and Systems Lanzhou 730050China Gansu Provincial Technology Centre for Wind Turbines Lanzhou 730050China

The characteristics of wind turbine wakes are influenced by multiple factors,including the atmospheric boundary layer(ABL)wind and wind turbine operating conditions(e.g.,tip speed ratio and yaw angle).In this study,two types of ABL winds with different velocity gradients and turbulence intensities are generated in a wind tunnel through configurations of spires,baffles,and various numbers of roughness elements.A wind turbine with a rotor diameter of 0.8 m and a hub height of 0.6 m is tested under varying tip speed ratios,yaw angles,and ABL wind *** results indicate that the streamwise velocity deficit in the near-wake region becomes more pronounced with an increase in the tip speed ratio,while the far-wake velocity deficit remains largely unaffected by changes in the tip speed *** the yaw angle increases,the wake deflection becomes more prominent and the wake narrows;the offset of the wake center at various downstream positions grows linearly,reaching a maximum value of approximately half the rotor ***,the turbulence level and influence range in the wake region are reduced when the turbine is *** ABL wind conditions,high turbulence intensity in the incoming flow accelerates wake recovery,and the Reynolds stress at different lateral positions tends to become consistent with increasing longitudinal ***,turbulence has a significant impact on the meandering characteristics of the wind turbine wake,with greater fluctuations in the wake center observed under higher turbulence ***,this study provides insights that could inform the optimal operation of wind farms.

关键词： horizontal axis wind turbine wind tunnel experiment wind turbine wake turbulence

[Analysis of clinical and novel gene mutations with X-linked Charcot-marie-tooth disease type 1]

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Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 2025年第7期105卷 554-558页

作者： G Li L Wang J Fu m Pang J Song m.m.ma J W Zhang Department of Neurology Henan Provincial People's Hospital People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450003 China. Department of Neurology Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University Henan Children's Hospital Zhengzhou Children's Hospital Zhengzhou 450053 China. Department of Neurology Henan Provincial People's Hospital People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University Department of Neurological Diseases Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital Zhengzhou 450003 China.

In 14 patients from 10 families with X-linked charcot-marie-tooth disease type 1 (CmTX1) who were admitted to the hospital between December 2018 and April 2024, 11 presented with weakness and atrophy of distal extremities or both feet without superficial sensory impairment, and 3 children presented with paraphylastic limb numbness and weakness, slurred speech, and intracranial lesions shown by head mRI. In 10 cases, the motor sensory nerve was demyelinated with axonal damage in the limbs, and 1 child patient had no obvious abnormality and the sensory nerve damage was more serious than the motor nerve. Statistical analysis of 10 patients' neurophysiology showed that CmTX1 had more severe sensory nerve damage than motor nerves, more severe motor and sensory nerve damage in the lower limbs than in the upper limbs, and more severe sural nerve damage than in the upper limbs. GJB1 gene variation was found in 10 families, among which c.176G > C (p.G59A), c.350T > C (p.L117P) and c.386G > A (p.G129E) were newly reported mutations. CmTX1 may present as peripheral neuropathy and/or episodic central nervous system dysfunction. There are several new mutations in CmTX1 in China.

关键词：夏科-马里-图斯病 GJB1基因中枢神经系统神经电生理突变病例系列研究

magnetron sputtered nickel oxide with suppressed interfacial defect states for efficient inverted perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 348-355页

作者： Guoqiang ma Qin Tan Zhaoning Li Jingwei Xiu Jiafeng Wang Tianle Cheng Dong He Qiang Sun Xuhang ma Francesco Lamberti Zhubing He Department of materials Science and Engineering Institute of Innovative Materials(I2M)Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation(FSSEG)Southern University of Science and Technology(SUSTech)Shenzhen 518055GuangdongChina Core Research Facilities Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina Department of Chemical Sciences Department of Industrial EngineeringUniversity of PadovaVia Gradenigo 6a35131 PadovaItaly

Widely used spin-coated nickle oxide (NiOx) based perovskite solar cells often suffer from severe interfacial reactions between the NiOxand adjacent perovskite layers due to surface defect states,which inherently impair device performance in a long-term view,even with surface molecule *** this study,we developed high-quality magnetron-sputtered NiOxthin films through detailed process optimization,and compared systematically sputtered and spin-coated NiOxthin film surfaces from materials to *** sputtered NiOxfilms exhibit improved crystallinity,smoother surfaces,and significantly reduced Ni3+or Ni vacancies compared to their spin-coated ***,the interface between the perovskite and sputtered NiOxfilm shows a substantially reduced density of defect *** solar cells (PSCs) fabricated with our optimally sputtered NiOxfilms achieved a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 19.93%and demonstrated enhanced stability,maintaining 86.2% efficiency during 500 h of maximum power point tracking under one standard sun ***,with the surface modification using (4-(2,7-dibromo-9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9H)-yl)butyl)p hosphonic acid (DmacPA),the device PCE was further promoted to 23.07%,which is the highest value reported for sputtered NiOxbased PSCs so far.

关键词： Nickle oxide magnetron sputter Defect Stability Perovskite solar cell

A multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm Based on Decomposition and multi-Selection Strategy

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Computers, materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 997-1026页

作者： Li ma Cai Dai Xingsi Xue Cheng Peng School of Computer Science Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an710119China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Big Data mining and Applications Fujian University of TechnologyFuzhou350118China Information Construction and management Center and Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Educational New Productivity Ningxia Normal UniversityGuyuan756099China

The multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm(mOPSO)is widely used to solve multi-objective optimization *** the article,amulti-objective particle swarm optimization algorithmbased on decomposition and multi-selection strategy is proposed to improve the search ***,two update strategies based on decomposition are used to update the evolving population and external archive,***,a multiselection strategy is *** first strategy is for the subspace without a non-dominated *** the neighbor particles,the particle with the smallest penalty-based boundary intersection value is selected as the global optimal solution and the particle far away fromthe search particle and the global optimal solution is selected as the personal optimal solution to enhance global *** second strategy is for the subspace with a non-dominated *** the neighbor particles,two particles are randomly selected,one as the global optimal solution and the other as the personal optimal solution,to enhance local *** third strategy is for Pareto optimal front(PF)discontinuity,which is identified by the cumulative number of iterations of the subspace without non-dominated *** the subsequent iteration,a new probability distribution is used to select from the remaining subspaces to ***,an adaptive inertia weight update strategy based on the dominated degree is designed to further improve the search ***,the proposed algorithmis compared with fivemulti-objective particle swarm optimization algorithms and five multi-objective evolutionary algorithms on 22 test *** results show that the proposed algorithm has better performance.

关键词： multi-objective optimization multi-objective particle swarm optimization decomposition multi-selection strategy

Bacillus CotA laccase improved the intestinal health,amino acid metabolism and hepatic metabolic capacity of Pekin ducks fed naturally contaminated AFB_(1)diet

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 331-344页

作者： mingxin ma Qianqian Wang Yanrong Liu Guiming Li Limeng Liu Gaigai Wang Yongpeng Guo Shimeng Huang Qiugang ma Cheng Ji Lihong Zhao State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding Poultry Nutrition and Feed Technology Innovation TeamCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityNo.2.Yuanmingyuan West RoadBeijing 100193People’s Republic of China Poultry Institute Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan 250100China College of Animal Science and Technology Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046China

Background AflatoxinB1(AFB_(1))is a prevalent contaminant in agricultural products,presenting significant risks to animal *** laccase from Bacillus licheniformis has shown significant efficacy in degrading mycotoxins in vitro *** efficacy of Bacillus CotA laccase in animals,however,remains to be confirmed.A 2×2 factorial design was used to investigate the effects of Bacillus CotA laccase level(0 or 1 U/kg),AFB_(1) challenge(challenged or unchal-lenged)and their interactions on *** purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Bacillus CotA laccase in alleviatingAFB_(1) toxicosis of *** Bacillus CotA laccase alleviatedAFB_(1)-induced declines in growth performance of ducks accompanied by improved average daily gain(ADG)and lower feed/gain ratio(F/G).Bacillus CotA laccase amelioratedAFB_(1)-induced gut barrier dysfunctions and inflammation testified by increasing the jejunal villi height/crypt depth ratio(VH/CD)and the mRNA expression of tight junction protein 1(TJP1)and zonula occluden-1(ZO-1)as well as decreasing the expression of inflammation-related genes in the jejunum of *** acid metabolome showed that Bacillus CotA laccase amelioratedAFB_(1)-induced amino acid metabolism disorders evidenced by increasing the level of glu-tamic acid in serum and upregulating the expression of amino acid transport related genes in jejunum of ***-lus CotA laccase amelioratedAFB_(1)-induced liver injury testified by suppressing oxidative stress,inhibiting apoptosis,and downregulating the expression of hepatic metabolic enzyme related genes of ***,Bacillus CotA laccase degradedAFB_(1) in digestive tract of ducks,resulting in the reduced absorption level ofAFB_(1) across intestinal epithelium testified by the decreased level ofAFB_(1)-DNA adduct in the liver,and the reduced content ofAFB_(1) residues in liver and feces of *** Bacillus CotA laccase effectively improved the growth performance,inte

关键词： AFB_(1)residue Aflatoxin Bacillus CotA laccase Duck Intestinal barrier function Liver metabolic enzyme

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during developmental axonal competition and synapse elimination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep Tomàs Víctor Cilleros-mañé Laia Just-Borràs marta Balanyà-Segura Aleksandra Polishchuk Laura Nadal marta Tomàs Carolina Silvera-Simón manel m.Santafé maria A.Lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i Neurobiologia(UHNeurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the development of the nervous system,there is an overproduction of neurons and *** competition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses performing different activity levels leads to their elimination or *** have extensively studied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromuscular junction,in the axonal development and synapse elimination process versus the synapse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developmental synapse elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvement of the presynaptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and C(PKA and PKC)and voltage-gated calcium channels,at different nerve endings in developmental *** dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in several nerve terminals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the mechanisms of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transmitter release)between the presynaptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75NTR pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream displacement of the PKA/PKC activity ratio to lower values,both in competing nerve terminals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary ***,calcium entry through L-and P/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels(both channels are present,together with the N-type channel in developing nerve terminals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal competition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elimination serine kinases tropomyosin-related kinase receptorB

Physicochemical characteristics of airborne microplastics of a typical coastal city in the Yangtze River Delta Region,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 602-613页

作者： Pengju Liu Longyi Shao Ziyu Guo Yaxing Zhang Yaxin Cao Xuying ma Lidia morawska State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe mining&College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China College of Geomatics Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710054China International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health(ILAQH) Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLD 4000Australia

Airborne microplastics(mPs)are important pollutants that have been present in the environment for many years and are characterized by their universality,persistence,and potential *** study investigated the effects of terrestrial and marine transport of mPs in the atmosphere of a coastal city and compared the difference between daytime and *** direct infrared imaging(LDIR)and polarized light microscopy were used to characterize the physical and chemical properties of mPs,including number concentration,chemical types,shape,and *** trajectories were used to distinguish the air masses from marine and terrestrial *** chemical types were detected by LDIR,with rubber(16.7%)and phenol-formaldehyde resin(PFR;14.8%)being major *** main morphological types of mPs were identified,and fragments(78.1%)are the dominant *** in the atmosphere were concentrated in the small particle size segment(20-50μm).The concentration of mPs in the air mass from marine transport was 14.7 items/m^(3)-lower than that from terrestrial transport(32.0 items/m^(3)).The number concentration of airborne mPs was negatively correlated with relative *** from terrestrial transport were mainly rubber(20.2%),while those from marine transport were mainly PFR(18%).mPs in the marine transport air mass were more aged and had a lower number concentration than those in the terrestrial transport air *** number concentration of airborne mPs is higher during the day than at *** findings could contribute to the development of targeted control measures and methods to reduce mP pollution.

关键词： Airborne microplastics(mPs) Laser direct infrared imaging(LDIR) Polarized light microscopy Terrestrial transport marine transport Relative humidity

Electronic modulation induced by coupling RuO2 with electron-donating Co3O4 for high-active and long-life rechargeable Zn-air batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 99-109页

作者： Xuena ma Zhangxin Xu mingyang Liu Panzhe Qiao Qi Li Ruihong Wang Baojiang Jiang Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic material Chemistry Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHeilongjiang University Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences

Electronic-state modulation strategy offers great potential in designing RuO2-based bifunctionalelectrocatalysts for rechargeable Zn-air batteries（ZABs）.Various three-dimensional（3D） transition metal oxides are attempted to couple with RuO2for constructing an appropriate Ru—O—m *** work aims to construct Co3O4-RuO2heterostructures on carbon sheets（Co3O4/RuO2/NCNS） for boosting electronic transfer and *** and theoretical calculations identify the electronic transfer from Co3O4to RuO2that modulates the electronic structure of metal surfaces/***,it leads to the increase in Co3+content,electron-rich state at RuO2surface and electronic accumulation at ***,this electronic-state modulation optimizes the d-band center in Co3O4/RuO2that lowers the reaction barriers and endows interfaces as the biggest contributor to oxygen reduction reaction（ORR） and oxygen evolution reaction（OER） performance,The Co3O4/RuO2/NCNS shows a quite low potential difference of 0.62 V and remarkable durability for ORR/***3O4/RuO2/NCNS-assembled ZABs exhibit an excellent specific capacity of 818.3 ma h g-1and a superior lifespan over 750 h.

关键词： Charge-discharge stability Co3O4-RuO2 heterostructure Electronic modulation Reaction energy barrier Zn-air battery