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Enhancer variants reveal a conserved transcription factor network governed by PU.1 during osteoclast differentiation

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Bone Research 2018年第1期6卷 83-94页

作者： Heather A.Carey Blake E.Hildreth III Jennifer A.Geisler mara C.Nickel Jennifer Cabrera Sankha Ghosh Yue Jiang Jing Yan James Lee Sandeep makam Nicholas A.Young Giancarlo R.Valiente Wael N.Jarjour Kun Huang Thomas J.Rosol Ramiro E.Toribio Julia F.Charles michael C.Ostrowski Sudarshana m.sharma Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center College of Veterinary medicine The Ohio State University Department of Biochemistry and molecular Biology and Hollings Cancer Center Medical University of South Carolina Division of Rheumatology Immunology and Allergy Department of Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School Division of Rheumatology and Immunology Department of Internal Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Department of Biomedical Informatics The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

Genome-wide association studies(GWASs) have been instrumental in understanding complex phenotypic traits. However, they have rarely been used to understand lineage-specific pathways and functions that contribute to the trait. In this study, by integrating lineage-specific enhancers from mesenchymal and myeloid compartments with bone mineral density loci, we were able to segregate osteoblast-and osteoclast(OC)-specific functions. Specifically, in OCs, a PU.1-dependent transcription factor(TF)network was revealed. Deletion of PU.1 in OCs in mice resulted in severe osteopetrosis. Functional genomic analysis indicated PU.1 and mITF orchestrated a TF network essential for OC differentiation. Several of these TFs were regulated by cooperative binding of PU.1 with BRD4 to form superenhancers. Further, PU.1 is essential for conformational changes in the superenhancer region of Nfatc1. In summary, our study demonstrates that combining GWASs with genome-wide binding studies and model organisms could decipher lineage-specific pathways contributing to complex disease states.

关键词： Genome-wide GWASs mITF

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Study of cyanide removal from contaminated water using zinc peroxide nanomaterial

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第5期29卷 76-85页

作者： Himani Uppal S. Swarupa Tripathy Sneha Chawla Bharti sharma m.K. Dalai S.P. Singh Sukhvir Singh Nahar Singh CSIR-National Physical Laboratory New Delhi 110012 India Electronic Science Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra Haryana 136119 India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) India

The present study highlights the potential application of zinc peroxide （ZnO2） nanomaterial as an efficient material for the decontamination of cyanide from contaminated water. A process patent for ZnO2 synthesis has been granted in United States of America （US Patent number 8,715,612; may 2014）, South Africa, Bangladesh, and India. The ZnO2 nanomaterial was capped with polyvinylpyrrolidone （PVP） to control the particle size. The PVP capped ZnO2 nanomaterial （PVP-ZnO2） before and after adsorption of cyanide was characterized by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffractorneter, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrom- etry. The remaining concentration of cyanide after adsorption by PVP-ZnO2 was determined using ion chromatograph. The adsorption of cyanide over PVP-ZnO2 was also studied as a function of pH, adsorbent dose, time and concentration of cyanide. The maximum removal of cyanide was observed in pH range 5.8-7.8 within 15 rain. The adsorption data was fitted to Langmuir and Fruendlich isotherm and it has been observed that data follows both the isotherms and also follows second order kinetics.

关键词： Cyanide Zinc peroxide Adsorption Ion chromatograph

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Underutilized Plant Species in Far West Nepal

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Journal of mountain Science 2012年第5期9卷 589-600页

作者： Ripu m.KUNWAR Laxmi mAHAT Lila N.sharma Keshab P.SHRESTHA Hiroo KOmINEE Rainer W.BUSSmANN Centre for Biological Conservation Kirtipur-3NayabazarKathmanduNepal GPO Box 19925 Kalanki-1444600KathmanduNepal Natural History museum SwayambhuTribhuvan University Hatai Clinic KYG Iryoukai Medical Association2-47-22 Togo Iryou Building 1F NakachoTokyoJapan William L.Brown Center Missouri Botanical GardenSt.LouisMO 63110USA

Underutilized plant species help to alleviate common food insufficiencies by providing alternative food supply. They also complement primary health care, furnishing raw materials where the cultivation of staple cereal crops is least feasible and health care is pursued indigenously. Research and promotion of extraction, utilization, and conservation of underutilized species lead to exploration of new staple crops and motivate people to consume in a sustainable manner. The present study describes the current status, uses, and management of underutilized plant species in Far West Nepal. The relative importance of 49 underutilized plant species was computed employing a Relative Importance (RI) technique. The use-values assigned to the species fall into six use-categories: beverage, fodder, food & edible, medicinal, vegetable and veterinary. A total of 22 species appeared in multiple use-categories, while the rest were characterized by a single use-category. Based on relative importance and frequency, Ficus semicordata, Debregesia longifolia, Girardinea diversifolia, Hydrocotyle nepalensis, Garuga pinnata, Aloe vera and Pyrus pashia offer the most potential for future. Underutilized plants proved important to folk medicine and food. These species persist because they remain useful to local people as means of subsistence, production, and primary health care. The findings are important so far as they point up the role of underutilized plants in national food security policy and health care, spelling out their potentialities and cross cutting relationships.

关键词： Underutilized plants Relativeimportance (R/) Ethnoveterinary use Conservation Nepal

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Evaluation of Radarsat-2 quad-pol SAR time-series images for monitoring groundwater irrigation

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2019年第10期12卷 1177-1197页

作者： Amit Kumar sharma Laurence Hubert-moy Buvaneshwari Sriramulu m.Sekhar Laurent Ruiz S.Bandyopadhyay Shiv mohan Samuel Corgne Univ Rennes UMR LETG CNRSRennesFrance Indo-French Cell for Water Science Indian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia UmR 1069 SAS INRAAgro-campus OuestRennesFrance Géosciences Environnement Toulouse Universitéde ToulouseCNRSIRDToulouseFrance EOS Indian Space Research OrganizationBangaloreIndia PLANEX Physical Research LaboratoryAhmedabadIndia

Groundwater assists farmers to irrigate crops for fulfilling the crop-water *** agriculture system is characterized by three cropping seasons known as Kharif(monsoon),Rabi(post-monsoon)and summer(pre-monsoon).In tropical countries like India,monitoring cropping practices using optical remote sensing during Kharif and Rabi seasons is constraint due to the cloud cover,which can be well addressed by microwave remote *** the proposed research,the strength of C-band polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)time series images were evaluated to classify groundwater irrigated croplands for the Kharif and Rabi cropping seasons of the year *** present study was performed in the Berambadi experimental watershed of Kabini river basin,southern peninsular India.A total of fifteen polarimetric variables were estimated includes four backscattering coefficients(HH,HV,VH,VV)and eleven polarimetric indices for all Radarsat-2 SAR *** cumulative temporal sum(seasonal and dual-season)of these parameters was supervised classified using Support Vector machine(SVm)classifier with intensive ground observation *** results using the best equation(highest accuracy and kappa)shows that the Kharif,Rabi and irrigated double croplands are respectively 9.58 km2(20.6%),16.14 km2(34.7%)and 6.22 km2(13.4%)with a kappa coefficient respectively 0.84,0.74 and 0.94.

关键词： Radarsat-2 Synthetic Aperture Radar Polarimetric Indices Irrigated Cropland Support Vector machine Classifier Kabini Critical Zone Observatory

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Additive friction stir deposition of AZ31B magnesium alloy

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2022年第9期10卷 2404-2420页

作者： Sameehan S.Joshi Shreyash m.Patil Sangram mazumder Shashank sharma Daniel A.Riley Shelden Dowden Rajarshi Banerjee Narendra B.Dahotre Department of materials Science and Engineering University of North Texas3940 N Elm StDentonTX 76207USA Center for Agile and Adaptive Additive manufacturing University of North Texas3940 N Elm StDentonTX 76207USA

The current work explored additive friction stir deposition of AZ31B magnesium alloy with the aid of mELD?***31B magnesium bar stock was fed through a hollow friction stir tool rotating at constant velocity of 400 rpm and translating at linear velocity varied from 4.2 to 6.3 mm/s.A single wall consisting of five layers with each layer of 140×40×1 mm^(3)dimensions was deposited under each processing ***,phase,and crystallographic texture evolutions as a function of additive friction stir deposition parameters were studied with the aid of scanning electron microscopy including electron back scatter diffraction and X-ray *** feed material and additively produced samples consisted of theα-mg *** additively produced samples exhibited a refined grain structure compared to the feed *** feed material appeared to have a weak basal texture,while the additively produced samples experienced a strengthening of this basal *** additively produced samples showed a marginally higher hardness compared to the feed *** current work provided a pathway for solid state additive manufacturing of mg suitable for structural applications such as automotive components and consumable biomedical implants.

关键词： Additive friction stir deposition magnesium alloys Additive manufacturing Thermomechanical processing materials processing Solid state additive manufacturing

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Friction and wear characteristics of robust carbon–carbon composites developed solely from petroleum pitch without reimpregnation

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Friction 2020年第5期8卷 945-956页

作者： Shishobhan sharma Bharat PATEL Rasmika PATEL Department of materials Science Sardar Patel UniversityVallabh VidyanagarAnandGujarat 380012India Kana Advanced Composites Industry PORVadodaraGujarat 380012India

Friction and wear characteristics correlating the fiber reinforcement percentage of carbon–carbon (C/C) composites solely developed from petroleum pitch matrices were investigated. This study exhibits the tribo-characteristics of C/C composites developed in a single-step carbonization process for varying loads for the first time without a reimpregnation process. A pin-on-disc tribometer with a sliding speed of 0.5 m/s and loads of 5, 10, and 20 N with a flat tool grade stainless steel pin as a static partner was employed. Further, polarized light optical and scanning electron microscopes (SEm) were utilized for a morphological analysis. Elastic modulus and strength were determined by a compression test. A result analysis is conducted to analyze sliding wear accompanied with minor abrasion. The composites with a high percentage of reinforcement exhibit credible wear resistance and mechanical robustness.

关键词： carbon sliding wear microstructure composite friction pitch characterization

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A novel method of water remediation of organic pollutants and industrial wastes by solution- route processed CZTS nanocrystals

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Journal of materiomics 2021年第5期7卷 904-919页

作者： Pooja Semalti Vikash sharma Shailesh Narain sharma CSIR-National Physical Laboratory(NPL) Dr.K.S.Krishnan RoadNew Delhi110012India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcSIR) Council of Scientific&Industrial Research(CSIR)-Human Resource Development Centre(CSIRHRDC)CampusGhaziabadUttar Pradesh201002India

CZTS(Cu_(2)ZnSnS_(4)),a P-type semiconductor with a direct bandgap(1.2-1.7eV),earth-abundant,non-toxic,and has a large absorption coefficient makes it extremely useful in optoelectronics and light-harvesting *** this work,CZTS is prepared by an ingenious,cost-effective colloidal route using the‘hotinjection’method with the usage of different *** XRD and Raman spectroscopy shows the single-phase highly crystalline CZTS nanoparticles with kesterite *** TEm results show that the size of CZTS nanoparticles is about 2-5 nm and monodispersity is confirmed by DLS(Dynamic Light Scattering).FTIR confirms the presence of different ligands used in CZTS *** Uv-vis absorption shows the direct bandgap of *** contact angle study shows the hydrophobic nature of as-synthesized CZTS nanoparticles which were further ligand exchanged with L-cysteine hydrochloride to make it hydrophilic to study the photocatalytic degradation activity of organic pollutants and industrial waste in the *** photocatalysis experiments were performed under two conditions:(i)under bare sunlight(Intensity~900 W/m^(2))(ii)focussing the sample under the sunlight via converging lens(1800 W/m^(2)).The photocatalytic efficiencies were then compared and the best photocatalytic efficiency achieved under sunlight was 98.4%for organic pollutants and 75%for industrial waste via converging lens while the corresponding efficiencies with bare sunlight were 98.1% and 73% *** the best of the author’s knowledge,a rapid and highly efficient photocatalysis of CZTS NPs employing a converging lens for water-remediation without the usage of noble&transition-metals has been reported for the first time.

关键词： Photocatalysis Copper zinc tin sulfide(CZTS) Converging lens Industrial waste Hot injection Organic pollutants Nanoparticles TOP TOPO

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Imaging-based algorithmic approach to gallbladder wall thickening

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第40期26卷 6163-6181页

作者： Pankaj Gupta Yashi marodia Akash Bansal Naveen Kalra Praveen Kumar-m Vishal sharma Usha Dutta manavjit Singh Sandhu Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India Department of Pharmacology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India Department of Gastroenterology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India

Gallbladder(GB) wall thickening is a frequent finding caused by a spectrum of conditions. It is observed in many extracholecystic as well as intrinsic GB conditions. GB wall thickening can either be diffuse or focal. Diffuse wall thickening is a secondary occurrence in both extrinsic and intrinsic pathologies of GB, whereas, focal wall thickening is mostly associated with intrinsic GB pathologies. In the absence of specific clinical features, accurate etiological diagnosis can be challenging. The survival rate in GB carcinoma(GBC) can be improved if it is diagnosed at an early stage, especially when the tumor is confined to the wall. The pattern of wall thickening in GBC is often confused with benign diseases, especially chronic cholecystitis, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, and adenomyomatosis. Early recognition and differentiation of these conditions can improve the prognosis. In this minireview, the authors describe the patterns of abnormalities on various imaging modalities(conventional as well as advanced) for the diagnosis of GB wall thickening. This paper also illustrates an algorithmic approach for the etiological diagnosis of GB wall thickening and suggests a formatted reporting for GB wall abnormalities.

关键词： Gallbladder diseases Cholecystitis Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses of the gallbladder Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis Neoplasms Acute cholecystitis

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Relative efficiency appraisal of discrete choice modeling algorithms using small-scale maximum likelihood estimator through empirically tailored computing environment

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Journal of modern Transportation 2015年第1期23卷 67-79页

作者： Hyuk-Jae Roh Prasanta K. Sahu Ata m. Khan Satish sharma City of Regina Regina SK S4P 3C8 Canada National Institute of Construction management and Research Pune 411045 India Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering CarletonUniversity Ottawa ON K1S 5B6 Canada Environmental Systems Engineering University of ReginaRegina SK S4S 0A2 Canada

Discrete choice models are widely used in multiple sectors such as transportation, health, energy, and marketing, etc., where the model estimation is usually carried out by using commercial software. Nonetheless, tailored computer codes offer modellers greater flexibility and control of unique modelling situation. Aligned with empirically tailored computing environment, this research discusses the relative performance of six different algorithms of a discrete choice model using three key performance measures： convergence time, number of iterations, and iteration time. The computer codes are developed by using Visual Basic Application （VBA）. maximum likelihood function （mLF） is formulated and the mathematical relationships of gradient and Hessian matrix are analytically derived to carry out the estimation process. The estimated parameter values clearly suggest that convergence criterion and initial guessing of parameters are the two critical factors in determining the overall estimation performance of a custom-built discrete choice model.

关键词： Estimation algorithms - Visual basicapplication Convergence criterion Binary logitmaximum likelihood

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Broad-band spectral study of LmXB black hole candidate 4U 1957+11 with NuSTAR

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第9期21卷 11-20页

作者： Prince sharma Rahul sharma Chetana Jain Gulab CDewangan Anjan Dutta Department of Physics and Astrophysics University of DelhiDelhi 110007India Hansraj College University of DelhiDelhi 110007India Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics(IUCAA) Pune411007India Indian Institute of Science Education and Research(IISER)mohali Punjab140306India

We present here the results of broadband spectral analysis of a low-mass X-ray binary and a black hole candidate 4 U 1957+*** source was observed nine times with the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope A rray(NuSTAR)between September 2018 and November *** these observations,the spectral state of 4 U 1957+11 evolved *** disc dominant spectra are described well with a hot,multicolor disc blackbody with disc temperature varying in the range kT_(in)~1.35-1.86 keV and a non-thermal component having a steep slope(Γ=2-3).A broad Fe emission line feature(5-8 keV)was observed in the spectra of all the *** relativistic disc model was used to study the effect of distance,inclination and the black hole mass on its *** indicate a higher spin for smaller distances and lower black hole *** smaller distances and higher masses,spin is maximum and almost independent of the *** inverse correlation exists between the spin and the spectral hardening factor for all the *** system prefers a moderate spin of about 0.85 for black hole masses between 4-6 m⊙for a 7 kpc distance.

关键词： accretion,accretion discs black hole physics X-rays:binaries X-rays:individualU 1957+11

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