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Improving CNN-BGRU Hybrid Network for Arabic Handwritten Text Recognition

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Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 5385-5397页

作者： Sofiene Haboubi Tawfik Guesmi Badr m Alshammari khalid Alqunun Ahmed S Alshammari Haitham Alsaif Hamid Amiri Signals Images and Information Technologies Lab.University of Tunis El manar National Engineering School of TunisBP 37 Le BelvedereTunis1002Tunisia Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of Ha’ilHa’il2440Saudi Arabia

Handwriting recognition is a challenge that interests many researchers around the *** an exception,handwritten Arabic script has many objectives that remain to be overcome,given its complex form,their number of forms which exceeds 100 and its cursive *** the past few years,good results have been obtained,but with a high cost of memory and execution *** this paper we propose to improve the capacity of bidirectional gated recurrent unit(BGRU)to recognize Arabic *** advantages of using BGRUs is the execution time compared to other methods that can have a high success rate but expensive in terms of time *** test the recognition capacity of BGRU,the proposed architecture is composed by 6 convolutional neural network(CNN)blocks for feature extraction and 1 BGRU+2 dense layers for learning and *** experiment is carried out on the entire database of institut für nachrichtentechnik/ecole nationale d’ingénieurs de Tunis(IFN/ENIT)without any preprocessing or data *** obtained results show the ability of BGRUs to recognize handwritten Arabic script.

关键词： Arabic handwritten script handwritten text recognition deep learning IFN/ENIT bidirectional GRU neural network

Identification of Anomaly Scenes in Videos Using Graph Neural Networks

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Computers, materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5417-5430页

作者： khalid masood mahmoud m.Al-Sakhnini Waqas Nawaz Tauqeer Faiz Abdul Salam mohammad Hamza Kashif Department of Software Engineering Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan School of Business Skyline University CollegeSharjahUAE Al-madinah International University–Faculty of Computer and Information Technology Kuala LumpurMalaysia College of Computer and Information Systems Islamic University of MadinahMadinahKingdom of Saudi Arabia School of IT Skyline University CollegeSharjahUAE Faculty of Engineering Computing and Science(FECS)-Swinburne University of TechnologySarawak Department of General Education Skyline University CollegeUniversity City of SharjahUAE Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan

Generally,conventional methods for anomaly detection rely on clustering,proximity,or *** themassive growth in surveillance videos,outliers or anomalies find ingenious ways to obscure themselves in the network and make conventional techniques *** research explores the structure of Graph neural networks(GNNs)that generalize deep learning frameworks to graph-structured *** node in the graph structure is labeled and anomalies,represented by unlabeled nodes,are predicted by performing random walks on the node-based graph *** to their strong learning abilities,GNNs gained popularity in various domains such as natural language processing,social network analytics and *** detection is a challenging task in computer vision but the proposed algorithm using GNNs efficiently performs the identification of *** Graph-based deep learning networks are designed to predict unknown objects and *** our case,they detect unusual objects in the form of malicious *** edges between nodes represent a relationship of nodes among each *** case of anomaly,such as the bike rider in Pedestrians data,the rider node has a negative value for the edge and it is identified as an *** encoding and decoding layers are crucial for determining how statistical measurements affect anomaly identification and for correcting the graph path to the best possible *** show that the proposed framework is a step ahead of the traditional approaches in detecting unusual activities,which shows a huge potential in automatically monitoring surveillance *** autonomous monitoring of CCTV,crime control and damage or destruction by a group of people or crowd can be identified and alarms may be triggered in unusual activities in streets or public *** suggested GNN model improves accuracy by 4%for the Pedestrian 2 dataset and 12%for the Pedestrian 1 dataset compared to a few state-of the-art techniq

关键词： Graph neural network deep learning anomaly detection auto encoders

Effect of rare earth and transition metal La-mn substitution on electrical properties of co-precipitated m-type Ba-ferrites nanoparticles

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Journal of Rare Earths 2019年第2期37卷 193-197页

作者： muhammad Ayub Iftikhar Hussain Gul khalid Nawaz Khurram Yaqoob Thermal Transport Laboratory School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME) National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST)

In the current research work Ba_(1-x)La)xmn)yFe_(12-y)O_(19) hexa-ferrite nanoparticles of different compositions were synthesized using chemical co-precipitation technique. The structural properties were explored using X-ray diffractions(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEm) and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy(FTIR). XRD indexed pattern confirms the formation of m-type hexagonal phase. The crystallite size of synthesized samples ranges from 13 to 34 ± 2 nm. FTIR peaks observe also confirmed the presence of metaloxygen bond of the desired product. The position of peak at 467 cm^(-1) corresponds to A_2 u vibration for octahedral Fe(4+)-O and peak position E1 u corresponds to vibration of Fe(3+)O4 octahedral bonds. The band v_1 in range(677-559 cm^(-1)) and v_2 in frequency range(356-419 cm^(-1)) are associated to A and B *** properties of all compositions were measured with frequency. The dielectric constant, loss and tangent loss decrease from 26 to 9, 25 to 2 and 0.94 to 0.14, respectively with frequency. DC electrical resistivity is increased with dopant concentration increasing from 2.15 × 10~4 to 1.92 ×10~5 Ω·cm.

关键词： Co-precipitation Electrical properties Dielectric X-ray diffraction Rare earths

Effects of cucumber mosaic virus-infected chilli plants on non-vector Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera Aleyrodidae)

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Insect Science 2019年第1期26卷 76-85页

作者： khalid A.Saad m.N.mohamad Roff Rebecca H.Hallett Idris B.Abd-Ghani Faculty of Science and Technology School of Environmental and Natural Resource SciencesNational University MalaysiaBangi SelangorMalaysia Horticulture Research Centre HeadquartersMARDI-UPMSerdang SelangorMalaysia School of Environmental Sciences University of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada

Plant virus infections are known to alter host plant attractiveness and suitability for insect *** study was conducted to determine how cucumber mosaic virus (CmV)-infected chilli plants affect the fitness and settling preferences ofnonvector whitefly,Bemisia tabaci adults under dual-choice conditions with volatile organic compounds analyzed using solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-mS).Results showed that the presence of CIVIV in chilli plants substantially affects the settling preferences of the ***,which preferred to settle on noninfected *** of the egg stage and the longevity and fecundity of adult *** on CmV-infected chilli plants were not markedly different from those on noninfected chilli *** contrast,the developmental time from egg to adult was significantly reduced in CmV-infected chilli plants compared to the noninfected *** results also showed that CmV-infected chilli plants released significantly more linalool and phenylacetaldehyde than noninfected ***,it was suggested that the behavioral response of *** might be modified by CmV-infected plants,which alter the release of specific headspace *** on these results,the modification of plant volatile profiles may help in enhancing the effectiveness of biological control and the protection of crop plants against ***.

关键词： Bromoviridae Capsicum anmium cucumovirus in sect-pathogen interactions whitefly

measurement of Plasma Parameters of Calcium and Silicon in a Rock Sample Using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

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光谱学与光谱分析 2017年第10期37卷 3266-3269页

作者： Uzma G m.Junaid khalid Alamgir T Samina Department of Physics University of Wah NINVAST National Centre of PhysicsQuaid-e-Azam University

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopic(LIBS)technique was used to detect calcium and silicon in an unknown *** this method plasma was generated by Nd∶YAG laser of wavelength 1 064 nm with energy 400 mJ and pulse duration between 5~*** method was applied for the qualitative as well as quantitative *** the qualitative analysis,the electron number density(Ne)of plasma containing calcium and silicon is determined showing that Neof neutral particles is equivalent to 1016(cm-3)whereas for ionized particles it is 1017(cm-3).Plasma temperature is measured using Boltzmann plot method which must be greater than 10 000 *** ratio method is used for the quantitative analysis shows various elements in abundance with calcium and silicon in majority.

关键词： LIBS Plasma parameter Quantitative analysis Qualitative analysis

Outcomes of liver transplantation in patients with hepatorenal syndrome

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第24期8卷 999-1011页

作者： Rohan m modi Nishi Patel Sherif N metwally khalid mumtaz Department of Internal medicine the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Department of Internal medicine Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition the Ohio State University Medical Center

Hepatorenal syndrome(HRS) plays an important role in patients with liver cirrhosis on the wait list for liver transplantation(LT). The 1 and 5-year probability of developing HRS in cirrhotic with ascites is 20% and 40%, respectively. In this article, we reviewed current concepts in HRS pathophysiology, guidelines for HRS diagnosis, effective treatment options presently available, and controversies surrounding liver alone vs simultaneous liver kidney transplant(SLKT) in transplant candidates. many treatment options including albumin, vasoconstrictors, renal replacement therapy, and eventual LT have remained a mainstay in the treatment of HRS. Unfortunately, even after aggressive measures such as terlipressin use, the rate of recovery is less than 50% of patients. moreover, current SLKT guidelines include:(1) estimation of glomerular filtration rate of 30 m L/min or less for 4-8 wk;(2) proteinuria > 2 g/d; or(3) biopsy proven interstitial fibrosis or glomerulosclerosis. Even with these updated criteria there is a lack of consistency regarding longterm benefits for SLKT vs LT alone. Finally, in regards to kidney dysfunction in the post-transplant setting, an estimation of glomerular filtration rate mL /min per 1.73 m2 may be associated with an increased risk of patients having long-term end stage renal disease. HRS is common in patients with cirrhosis and those on liver transplant waitlist. Prompt identification and therapy initiation in transplant candidates with HRS may improve post-transplantation outcomes. Future studies identifying optimal vasoconstrictor regimens, alternative therapies, and factors predictive of response to therapy are needed. The appropriate use of SLKT in patients with HRS remains controversial and requires further evidence by the transplant community.

关键词： Liver transplantation Simultaneous liver kidney transplantation Vasopressors Dialysis Posttransplant outcomes Hepatorenal syndrome

DFT investigation of half-metallic ferromagnetic rare earth based spinels mgHo_(2)Z_(4)(Z=S,Se)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 121-128,I0005页

作者： maiza Zanib mumtaz manzoor N.A.Noor m.Waqas Iqbal mazia Asghar H.H.Hegazy A.Laref Department of Physics Riphah International UniversityLahore CampusPakistan Research Centre for Advanced materials Science King Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004AbhaSaudi Arabia Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004AbhaSaudi Arabia Department of Physics and Astronomy College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia

Half-metallic ferromagnetism,mechanical as well as thermoelectric properties for rare earth-based spinels mgHo_(2)Z_(4)(Z=S,Se)were investigated using density functional theory(DFT).Structural optimization was done with Perdew-Burke-Ehrenzorf(PBE)sol-generalized gradient approximation(GGA)to calculate the lattice constant of both spinels comparable to experimental *** addition,Born stability criteria and negative formation energy show that our studied spinels are also structurally and dynamically stable in the cubic *** ferromagnetic(Fm)state stability,we also calculated the energy differences among Fm,antiferromagnetic(AFm),and non-magnetic(Nm)***,Curie temperatures of ferromagnetic phases were also *** used Trans-Blaha improved BeckeJohnson(TB-mBJ)potential functional for electronics as well as magnetic characteristics,which lead to the consistent explanation of half-metallic ferromagnetism,representing the whole band-occupancy in material with exact detail of density of states(DOS).The stable Fm state was examined in spinels due to the exchange splitting of Ho cation consisting of p-d hybridizations compatible with the result achieved for electronics band structure and ***,spin magnetic moment was explained in terms of anion,cation,and sharing charge on studied *** addition,the calculated thermoelectric properties clearly show that operation range of these systems may be utilized by future experimental works for identifying the potential applications of these systems.

关键词： Ho-based spinels DFT simulations mechanical parameters Electronic properties Hm ferromagnetism Figure of merit

Oral administration of moringa oleifera leaf powder relieves oxidative stress,modulates mucosal immune response and cecal microbiota after exposure to heat stress in New Zealand White rabbits

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第4期12卷 1468-1482页

作者： Talat Bilal Yasoob Defu Yu Abdur Rauf khalid Zhen Zhang Xiaofeng Zhu Heba m.Saad Suqin Hang National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNo.1 WeiGangXuanwu regionNanjing 210095JiangsuChina Laboratory of Gastrointestinal microbiology College of Animal Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Ghazi UniversityDera Ghazi Khan 32200Pakistan Department of Livestock and Poultry Production Faculty of Veterinary SciencesBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60000Pakistan

Background:Heat stress(HS)disrupts the gut barrier allowing the uptake of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and leads to an inflammatory response and changes in gut microbiota *** oleifera leaf powder(mOLP)has been proposed to combat HS,yet its alleviate role is currently under *** current study investigated the effects of chronic HS and mOLP supplementation on changes in redox status and immune response of cecal mucosa along with alteration in cecal ***:A total of 21 young New Zealand White(NZW)rabbits(male)about 32 weeks old(mean body weight of 3318±171 g)reared on a commercial pelleted diet were employed;divided into three groups(n=7):control(CON,25°C),heat stress(HS,35°C for 7 h daily),and HS supplemented orally with mOLP(HSm,35°C)at 200 mg/kg body weight per day for 4 ***:The results demonstrated that mOLP supplementation increased organ index of cecal tissue compared with the HS group(P>0.05).Levels of malonaldehyde(mDA)and activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)as well as lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)were reduced in the cecal mucosa of the HSm group compared with the HS *** downregulated the contents of cecal mucosa LPS,several inflammatory markers(TNF-α/IL-1α/IL-1β),and myeloperoxidase(mPO)in the HSm group(Pmmunoglobulin A(SIgA)was increased in the HSm group compared with the HS group(Pme of cecal mucosa showed that mOLP reduced gene expression relative to several immune factors,including IL-10,IFNG,and RLA,whereas both HS and mOLP increased the gene expression of fat digestion and absorption pathway,including APOA1,FABP1,FABP2,mTTP,andLOC100344166,compared to the CON group(Pm level,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was increased by HS,while Actinobacteria was significantly increased by HSm compared to other groups(Pm groups compared to CON and HS groups(P<0.05).Higher butyrate conce

关键词： Cecal microbiota Heat stress moringa oleifera leaf powder Rabbits Short chain fatty acids

Role of a probiotic (Saccharomyces boulardii) in management and prevention of diarrhoea

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第28期12卷 4557-4560页

作者： AG Billoo mA memon SA Khaskheli G murtaza khalid Iqbal m Saeed Shekhani Ahson Q Siddiqi Department of Pediatrics Aga Khan UniversityKarachiParkistan Department of Pathology Kharadar General HospitalKarachiParkistan Department of Pediatrics Kharadar General HospitalKarachiParkistan Consultant Pediatrician Kharadar General HospitalKarachiParkistan medical Director Kharadar General HospitalKarachiParkistan Assistant Professor of medicine Hamdard UniversityParkistan Director medical and Regulatory Affairs Hilton Pharma (Pvt.) LtdParkistan

AIm： To assess the efficacy and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii （S. boulardii） in acute watery diarrhoea and its role in reducing the frequency of episodes of diarrhoea in subsequent two months. mETHODS： Children from 2 mo to 12 years of age, with acute diarrhoea were selected according to inclusion criteria and randomised in S. boulardii group （treated with ORS, nutritional support and S. boulardii, 250 mg bid） and in control group （treated with ORS and nutritional support only）. Active treatment phase was 5 d and each child was followed for two months afterwards. Frequency and consistency of stools as well as safety of drug was assessed on every visit. A comparison of two groups was done in terms of number of diarrhoeal episode in subsequent two months. RESULTS： There were fifty patients in each group. Baseline characteristics such as mean age and the average frequency of stools were comparable in S. boulardii and control group at the time of inclusion in the trial. By d 3 it reduced to 2.7 and 4.2 stools per d respectively and by d 6 it reduced to 1.6 （5. boulardii Group） and 3.3 （control group）. The duration of diarrhoea was 3.6 d in S. boulardii group whereas it was 4.8 d in control group （P = 0.001）. In the following two months, S. boulardii group had a significantly lower frequency of 0.54 episodes as compared to 1.08 episodes in control group. The drug was well accepted and tolerated. There were no reports of the side effects during treatment period CONCLUSION： S. boulardii significantly reduces the frequency and duration of acute diarrhoea. The consistency of stool also improves. The drug is well-tolerated.

关键词： Acute watery diarrhoea Probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii Frequency of episodes of diarrhoea Weight gain