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Hepatocellular carcinoma:State of the art diagnostic imaging

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World Journal of Radiology 2023年第3期15卷 56-68页

作者： Cody Criss Arpit m nagar mina S makary Heritage College of Osteopathic medicine Ohio UniversityAthensOH 45701United States Department of Radiology The Ohio State University Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

Primary liver cancer is the fourth most common malignancy worldwide,with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)comprising up to 90%of *** is a staple for surveillance and diagnostic criteria for HCC in current *** early diagnosis can impact treatment approaches,utilizing new imaging methods and protocols to aid in differentiation and tumor grading provides a unique opportunity to drastically impact patient *** this review manuscript,we provide an overview of imaging modalities used to screen and evaluate *** also briefly discuss emerging uses of new imaging techniques that offer the potential for improving current paradigms for HCC character-ization,management,and treatment monitoring.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Imaging Diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging Computed tomography Ultrasound Radiogenomics

Production of geopolymer composites enhanced by nano‐kaolin material

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2015年第4期4卷 245-252页

作者： mahmoud m.HASSAAN Hisham m.KHATER medhat S.EL-mAHLLAWY Abdeen m.EL nagar Al Azhar University Nasr CityCairoEgypt Housing and Building National Research Centre(HBRC) 87 El-Tahrir St.DokkiGizaP.O.Box 1770CairoEgypt

Nowadays kaolin raw material is usually used to produce nano-kaolin for geopolymer enhancement by using firing *** the present study,kaolin used was taken from the Naqus Formation(Cambro-Ordovician age),west of Gabal El Gunna,Sinai,***-kaolin material is an ultrafine material and was prepared from the taken kaolin by the firing process at 800 for 2℃h with a heating rate of 5/*** mixes were prepared and their laboratory specimens were made℃and cured up to 90 *** cooled slag was used as starting material,and sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate were used in the study as activators for the used *** formed geopolymer mixes with different ratios(1%,1.5%,3%,5%,and 7%)of nano-kaolin as a partial replacement for the raw kaolin were *** Ace super plasticizer was added in the ratio of 4%from the dry weight to ensure good dispersing of the used nano *** showed that increasing the percentage of nano-kaolin up to 3%results in an enhancement in the mechanical properties as compared with the control mix up to 90 days of curing,while higher ratios are not preferable where they lead to agglomeration of the added nano materials and matrix dilution.

关键词： geopolymer nano-kaolin sodium silicate slag

Vacuum press drying studies on two fast-growing Indian wood species

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第3期29卷 857-862页

作者： Shailendra Kumar Rushikesh R.Topare Jitendra nagar Forest Products Division Forest Research InstituteDehradun Uttarakhand 248006 India

Two fast-growing Indian species, melia composita Benth. and Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm., which have different sets of physical properties, were dried together in a vacuum press dryer(VPD) under two drying conditions,i.e., above boiling point(ABP) and below boiling point(BBP). The ABP and BBP conditions were maintained by keeping the temperature constant at 75 ℃ and maintaining two pressure levels: 300 mm of Hg(ABP) and 450 mm of Hg(BBP). In order to understand pressure conditions at the core during vacuum drying, a cylindrical brass pipe was inserted in both wood cores and attached with pressure gauges placed outside of the VPD. The results indicate that the melia wood core attained equilibrium pressure immediately with the pressure of VPD, while Eucalyptus attained it very slowly, reaching equilibrium at later stages of drying when cracks and checks advanced to the *** drying rate was higher for melia than Eucalyptus under both drying conditions. The drying rate of melia(ABP) was higher than melia(BBP), however, the drying rate for Eucalyptus(ABP) was not significantly different from the BBP drying rate.

关键词： Vacuum press drying melia composita Eucalyptus tereticornis Boiling point Wood core pressure

Entropy generation analysis from the time-dependent quadratic combined convective flow with multiple diffusions and nonlinear thermal radiation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023年第1期53卷 46-55页

作者： P.m.Patil Bharath Goudar Department of mathematics Karnatak UniversityPavate NagarDharwad 580003India Wrangler Dr.D.C.Pavate Institute of mathematical Sciences Karnatak UniversityDharwad 580003India

Diffusions of multiple components have numerous applications such as underground water flow, pollutant movement, stratospheric warming, and food processing. Particularly, liquid hydrogen is used in the cooling process of the aeroplane. Further, liquid nitrogen can find applications in cooling equipment or electronic devices, i.e., high temperature superconducting(HTS) cables. So, herein, we have analysed the entropy generation(EG), nonlinear thermal radiation and unsteady(time-dependent) nature of the flow on quadratic combined convective flow over a permeable slender cylinder with diffusions of liquid hydrogen and nitrogen. The governing equations for flow and heat transfer characteristics are expressed in terms of nonlinear coupled partial differential equations. The solutions of these equations are attempted numerically by employing the quasilinearization technique with the implicit finite difference approximation. It is found that EG is minimum for double diffusion(liquid hydrogen and heat diffusion)than triple diffusion(diffusion of liquid hydrogen, nitrogen and heat). The enhancing values of the radiation parameter R_(d) and temperature ratio θ_(w) augment the fluid temperature for steady and unsteady cases as well as the local Nusselt number. Because, the fluid absorbs the heat energy released due to radiation, and in turn releases the heat energy from the cylinder to the surrounding surface.

关键词： Unsteady flow Entropy Radiation Quasilinearization technique Numerical analysis Quadratic combined convection

Understanding association between methylene blue dye and biosorbent: Palmyrah sprout casing in adsorption process in aqueous phase

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Water Science and Engineering 2023年第2期16卷 154-164页

作者： D.m.N.H.Jayasuriya Kannan Nadarajah Department of Agricultural Engineering Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of JaffnaAriviyal NagarKilinochchi 44000Sri Lanka

Water pollution caused by industrial dyes has become a severe problem in the modern world. Biosorbents can be used in an eco-friendly manner to remove industrial dyes. In this study, five biosorbents were selected: palmyrah sprout casing (PSC), manioc peel, lime peel, king coconut husk, and coconut kernel. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to identify the best biosorbent with the highest ability to adsorb methylene blue (mB) from wastewater. The detailed mechanisms of PSC used in the adsorptive removal of mB in aqueous phase were investigated. Of the five biosorbents, PSC exhibited the best removal performance with an adsorption capacity at equilibrium (qe) of 27.67 mg/g. The qe values of lime peel, king coconut husk, manioc peel, and coconut kernel were 24.25 mg/g, 15.29 mg/g, 10.84 mg/g, and 7.06 mg/g, respectively. To explain the mechanisms of mB adsorption with the selected biosorbents, the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were performed to characterize functional properties, and isotherm, kinetic, rate-limiting, and thermodynamic analyses were conducted. The FTIR analysis revealed that different biosorbents had different functional properties on their adsorptive surfaces. The FTIR and XRD results obtained before and after mB adsorption with PSC indicated that the surface functional groups of carbonyl and hydroxyl actively participated in the removal process. According to the isotherm analysis, monolayer adsorption was observed with the Langmuir model with a determination coefficient of 0.998. The duration to reach the maximum adsorption capacity for mB adsorption with PSC was 120 min, and the adsorption process was exothermic due to the negative enthalpy change (-9.950 kJ/mol). moreover, the boundary layer thickness and intraparticle diffusion were the rate-limiting factors in the adsorption process. As a new biosorbent for mB adsorption, PSC could be used in activated carbon production to enhance the

关键词： Biosorbents Isotherm Kinetics methylene blue Rate-limiting factor Thermodynamics

Carbon Disulphide Induced Sensitivity Changes of Rat Anococcygeus muscle to Noradrenaline(NA)

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1993年第3期6卷 223-230页

作者： D.N.GANDHI H.VENKATAKRISHNA-BHATT Department Department of Neurobehavioural Toxicology National Institute of Occupational Health(ICMRMeghani NagarAhmedabad 380016Indiaof Neurobehavioural Toxicology National Institute of Occupational Health(ICMRMeghani NagarAhmedabad 380016India

The sensitivity of rat anococcygeus muscle to noradrenaline (NA) was reduced following carbon disulphide (CS2) pretreatment. Preparations incubated in excess Ca++ (4.2 mrnol-L-1) or Zero Ca++ (***-L-1) media showed decrease in sensitivity to NA. Reserpinization failed to induce supersensitivity to NA in any mg+ + concentration in the media. Reserpinized tissue in mg++ free media with EDTA showed increased sensitivity while decreased sensitivity and maximum response to NA in mg+ + (1.2 mmol-L-1) and excess mg+ + (3.6mmol-1 ') concentration of the medium. In the presence of EDTA, the inhibition observed with CS2 in excess mg+ + (3.6m mol-L-1') medium was comparatively much less in both non-reserpinized and reserpinized preparations. In normal Ca++ and its deficient medium decrease in sensitivity to CS2 and the relevant maximum response to NA were observed. In excess Ca + +, the CS2 effect depressed corresponding to its maximal response to NA. Thus CS2 may be inhibiting responses to NA by interfering with Ca+ + utilization.

关键词： NA

A novel monocrystalline PV array configuration for enhancing the maximum power under partial shading conditions

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Clean Energy 2023年第4期7卷 783-794页

作者： Sarayu Vunnam m.Vanithasri Rama Koteswara Rao Alla Research Scholar Department of Electrical EngineeringAnnamalai UniversityAnnamalai NagarChidambaramTamilnadu-608002India Assistant Professor Department of Electrical and Electronics EngineeringRVR&JC College of EngineeringGunturAndhra Pradesh-522019India Associate Professor Department of Electrical EngineeringAnnamalai UniversityAnnamalai NagarChidambaramTamilnadu-608002India Associate Professor Department of Electrical and Electronics EngineeringRVR&JC College of EngineeringGunturAndhra Pradesh-522019India

Solar photovoltaic(PV)systems have gained importance as a promising renewable energy source in recent *** arrays are prone to variable irradiance levels under partial shading conditions due to non-uniform *** a result,there will be a decrease in the amount of power produced and hotspots will *** overcome these issues,it is essential to select an appropriate PV material and a suitable array *** obtain the maximum output power from a PV array under partial shading conditions,this paper suggests a novel triple-series–parallel ladder topology with monocrystalline PV *** short and wide,long and wide,short and narrow,long and narrow,middle and diagonal shading situations,a 6×6-sized array has been considered and compared with other existing configurations such as total cross-tied,bridge-link,honeycomb,series–parallel and series–parallel *** proposed configuration has an optimal number of cross ties to produce maximum *** has 4 cross ties fewer than a honeycomb,3 cross ties fewer than a bridge link,16 cross ties fewer than a total cross-tied and 7 cross ties fewer than series–parallel cross-tied *** proposed configuration has an improvement in power of 0.1%to 20%compared with other configurations under the considered shading scenarios.

关键词： monocrystalline PV material photo voltaic array series–parallel cross-tied,triple-series–parallel ladder topology

A review on biomedical and dental applications of cerium oxide nanoparticles——Unearthing the potential of this rare earth metal

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第11期41卷 1645-1661,I0001页

作者： Lalitha S Jairam Akshatha Chandrashekar T.Niranjana Prabhu Sunil Babu Kotha m.S.Girish Indira mysuru Devraj m.Dhanya Shri K.Prashantha Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry Faculty of Dental SciencesM.S.Ramaiah University of Applied SciencesNew BEL RoadMSR NagarBangalore560054India Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematical and Physical SciencesM.S.Ramaiah University of Applied SciencesNo.470-PIV PhasePeenya Industrial AreaBangalore560058India Department of Preventive Dentistry Pediatric Dentistry DivisionCollege of DentistryRiyadh Elm UniversityRiyadhKingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry JSS Dental College&HospitalJSS Academy of Higher Education&ResearchMysuruIndia Center for Research and Innovation Adichunchanagiri School of Natural SciencesAdichunchanagiri UniversityBGSITB.G.Nagara571448India

Nanotechnology deals with particles ranging from 1 to 100 nm in size called as *** nano particles exhibit unique properties which find an application in many industries and medical fields.A growing body of evidence points out the newer developing technologies adopted in the field of medicine in terms of target therapies,imaging systems,drug deliveries,*** through the incorporation of *** oxide nanoparticles have gained attention in the last decade due to exceptional properties such as redox activity,biofilm inhibition,antibacterial activity,anti-inflammatory activity,*** method of synthesis of cerium oxide nanoparticles plays a pivotal role in its *** exhibits redox properties and catalytic activity and thus has found its use in biomedical *** are incorporated into dental materials such as restorative cements/sealants,adhesives,and denture systems to improve their *** the various metal oxide nanoparticles,ce rium oxide nanoparticles(CeO_(2)NPs)are known to exhibit lower toxicity to mammalian cells and possess unique antibacterial *** addition,they exhibit potent properties such as antitumor,antiinflammatory,antibacterial activities,and functions as an ***_(2)NPs have excellent scavenging properties for reactive oxygen species,which is why they are being considered for therapeutic *** this review,various methods of synthesis of CeO_(2)NPs are *** factors that determine the particle size and morphology of these materials are important for biomedical and dental *** is given to preparation methods and variables such as calcination temperature,which have a profound effect on particle size and *** article also presents various applications of CeO_(2)NPs in the biomedical and dental fields.

关键词： Cerium oxide nanoparticles Synthesis Antibacterial activity Biomedical applications Dental applications Rare earths

Heat transfer attributes of Al_(2)O_(3)-Fe_(3)O_(4)/H_(2)O hybrid nanofluid flow over a yawed cylinder

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Propulsion and Power Research 2022年第3期11卷 416-429页

作者： P.m.Patil H.F.Shankar Department of mathematics KLE Technological UniversityB V Bhoomaraddi CampusVidyanagarHubballi-580031India Department of mathematics Karnatak UniversityPavate NagarDharawad-580003India

Flow over yawed and unyawed blunt bodies often occurs in various engineeringapplications. The fluid flow over a yawed cylinder explains the practical significance of subseaapplications such as transference control, separating the boundary layer above submergedblocks, and suppressing recirculating bubbles. The current study uses viscous dissipation toanalyze the mixed convective hybrid nanofluid flow around a yawed cylinder. Unlike the stan-dard nanofluid model, which only considers one type of nanoparticle, this work considers thehybridization of two types of nanoparticles: alumina (Al_(2)O_(3)) and magnetite (Fe_(3)O_(4)). A modelwas developed to investigate the heat transport behaviour of a hybrid nanofluid while account-ing for the solid volume fraction. The flow problem is modelled in terms of highly nonlinearpartial differential equations (NPDEs) subject to the appropriate boundary conditions. Thenappropriate non-similar transformations were used to non-dimensionalize the governing equa-tions. Furthermore, the non-dimensional governing equations were solved using the finite dif-ference method (FDm) and the quasilinearisation technique. The effects of water andnanoparticle concentrations on the velocity and the temperature patterns were illustrated graph-ically. The hybrid nanofluid reduces the velocity distribution in the spanwise and chordwise di-rections while increasing the surface drag coefficient. The hybrid nanofluid’s fluid temperatureand energy transport strength was higher than the base fluid and nanofluid. Also, the temper-ature of the fluid rises as the energy transfer strength diminishes due to an increase in the Eckert number, which characterizes viscous dissipation. However, when the yaw angle increases in thechordwise and spanwise directions, so does the fluid’s velocity. The new outcomes werecompared to previously published research and were in good agreement.

关键词： Yawed cylinder mixed convection Hybrid nanofluid Eckert number Finite difference method