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Anthropogenic noise interacts with the predation risk assessment in a free-ranging bird

Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 277-283页

作者： Piotr matyjasiak Patrycja Chacińska and Piotr Książka Institute of Biological Sciences Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in WarsawWóycickiego 1/3PL-01-815 WarsawPoland Department of Environmental Acoustics Institute of Environmental Protection—National Research InstituteKolektorska 4PL-01-692 WarsawPoland

Anthropogenic noise can affect a number of behavioral,physiological,and ecological aspects of animals from major taxonomic groups,raising serious conservation *** example,noise pollution impacts communicative behavior and perception of signals,movements and distribution,as well as predator–prey interactions,such as hunting success or predator detection and predation risk *** have carried out an experimental playback study,in which we investigated whether exposure to anthropogenic noise(sound of a tractor)distracts free-ranging barn swallows Hirundo rustica from paying attention to an approaching human“predator”(the“cognitive distraction”hypothesis),or whether noise leads to increased responsiveness to this“predator”(the“increased threat”hypothesis).The subjects were male barn swallows attending their breeding territories during the time when the females were *** found that barn swallow males initiated fight at signifcantly greater distances to the approaching human“predator”in the noise treatment than during the quiet control *** results suggest that anthropogenic noise causes increased vigilance and reactivity rather than a distraction,enabling birds to avoid the“predator”more *** further discuss the mechanism behind the increased alertness in response to noise and contrast the“increased threat”mechanism,usually tested in previous studies,with an alternative“cognitive sensitization”mechanism.

关键词： anthropogenic noise barn Swallow cognitive distraction flight initiation distance Hirundo rustica predation risk assessment

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Hyper spectral resolution stimulated Raman spectroscopy with amplified fs pulse bursts

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 566-576页

作者： Hongtao Hu Tobias Flöry Vinzenz Stummer Audrius Pugzlys markus Zeiler Xinhua Xie Aleksei Zheltikov Andrius Baltuška Photonics Institute Technische Universität WienGußhausstraße 27-29Vienna A-1040Austria SwissFEL Paul Scherrer InstituteVilligen PSI 5232Switzerland Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Department of Physics and AstronomyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

We present a novel approach for Stimulated Raman Scattering(SRS)spectroscopy in which a hyper spectral resolution and high-speed spectral acquisition are achieved by employing amplified offset-phase controlled fs-pulse *** investigate the method by solving the coupled non-linear Schrödinger equations and validate it by numerically characterizing SRS in molecular nitrogen as a model *** spectral resolution of the method is found to be determined by the inverse product of the number of pulses in the burst and the intraburst pulse *** SRS spectrum is obtained through a motion-free scanning of the offset phase that results in a sweep of the Raman-shift *** to high spectral resolution and fast motion-free scanning the technique is beneficial for a number SRS-based applications such as gas sensing and chemical analysis.

关键词： compound spectral resolution

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Cellular zinc metabolism and zinc signaling:from biological functions to diseases and therapeutic targets

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 401-441页

作者： Bonan Chen Peiyao Yu Wai Nok Chan Fuda Xie Yigan Zhang Li Liang kam Tong Leung Kwok Wai Lo Jun Yu Gary m.K.Tse Wei kang ka Fai To Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology State Key Laboratory of Translational OncologyPrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease Institute of Digestive DiseaseThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenChina Department of Pathology Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical CollegeSouthern Medical UniversityGuangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor PathologyGuangzhouChina Institute of Biomedical Research Taihe HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyanChina Department of Pediatrics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Zinc metabolism at the cellular level is critical for many biological processes in the body.A key observation is the disruption of cellular homeostasis,often coinciding with disease *** an essential factor in maintaining cellular equilibrium,cellular zinc has been increasingly spotlighted in the context of disease *** research suggests zinc’s involvement in promoting malignancy and invasion in cancer cells,despite its low tissue *** has led to a growing body of literature investigating zinc’s cellular metabolism,particularly the functions of zinc transporters and storage mechanisms during cancer *** transportation is under the control of two major transporter families:SLC30(ZnT)for the excretion of zinc and SLC39(ZIP)for the zinc ***,the storage of this essential element is predominantly mediated by metallothioneins(mTs).This review consolidates knowledge on the critical functions of cellular zinc signaling and underscores potential molecular pathways linking zinc metabolism to disease progression,with a special focus on *** also compile a summary of clinical trials involving zinc *** the main localization of zinc transporters at the cell membrane,the potential for targeted therapies,including small molecules and monoclonal antibodies,offers promising avenues for future exploration.

关键词： metabolism invasion involvement

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microplastic exposure disturbs sleep structure,reduces lifespan,and decreases ovary size in Drosophila melanogaster

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Zoological Research 2024年第4期45卷 805-820页

作者： Wei Yan Zi-Jie Li Zi-Yi Lin Shu-Qin Ji William.ka Fai Tse Zhi-Qiang meng Chang Liu Lei Li Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518000China CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and manipulation the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518000China Laboratory of Developmental Disorders and Toxicology Center for Promotion of International Education and ResearchFaculty of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaFukuoka 819-0395Japan Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518000China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518000China

The organ-specific toxicity resulting from microplastic(mP)exposure has been extensively explored,particularly concerning the gut,liver,testis,and ***,under natural conditions,these effects are not restricted to specific organs or *** whether mP exposure presents a systemic threat to an entire organism,impacting factors such as lifespan,sleep,and fecundity,is *** this study,we investigated the effects of dietary exposure to two different doses of mPs(1–5μm)using the terrestrial model organism Drosophila *** indicated that the particles caused gut damage and remained within the digestive *** mP exposure significantly shortened the lifespan of adult *** short-term exposure disrupted sleep patterns,increasing the length of daytime sleep ***,one week of mP exposure reduced ovary size,with a trend towards decreased egg-laying in mated *** mPs did not penetrate the brain or ovaries,transcriptome analysis revealed altered gene expression in these *** the ovary,Gene Ontology(GO)analysis indicated genotoxic effects impacting inflammation,circadian regulation,and metabolic processes,with significant impacts on extracellular structure-related *** the brain,GO analysis identified changes in pathways associated with proteolysis and carbohydrate ***,this study provides compelling evidence of the systemic negative effects of mP exposure,highlighting the urgent need to address and mitigate environmental mP pollution.

关键词： microplastics Sleep Lifespan Reproduction Risk assessment Drosophila melanogaster

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不同振荡热压烧结温度下90W-10Cu难熔合金组织及性能

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工程科学与技术 2024年第3期56卷 269-276页

作者：高卡赵桅孙德建高阳朱文博上海理工大学机械工程学院上海200093 长海医院全科医学科上海200433 郑州航空工业管理学院材料学院河南郑州450015

用于高压电触头材料的90W-10Cu难熔合金由于具有高熔点和高比重差异,在高温长时间的粉末冶金过程中存在致密化困难和晶粒异常长大而影响其性能。在常规热压烧结基础上,振荡热压烧结(HOP)技术采用一定频率的循环振荡单轴压力代替静单轴压... 详细信息

用于高压电触头材料的90W-10Cu难熔合金由于具有高熔点和高比重差异,在高温长时间的粉末冶金过程中存在致密化困难和晶粒异常长大而影响其性能。在常规热压烧结基础上,振荡热压烧结(HOP)技术采用一定频率的循环振荡单轴压力代替静单轴压力,可快速促进陶瓷等材料的致密化。因此,为了研究振荡热压烧结对90W-10Cu难熔合金的低温烧结效果,本文将振荡热压烧结技术应用到90W-10Cu(质量分数)难熔合金的制备中,研究了烧结温度(1000~1300℃)对其微观组织、致密度、晶粒尺寸、硬度及电导率性能的影响。研究结果发现,振荡热压烧结90W-10Cu合金由W相基体和Cu相黏结相组成。随着烧结温度的升高,90W-10Cu难熔合金的致密度逐渐增大,在烧结温度最高为1300℃时,其致密度最高可达到99.35%,均高于同等温度下的热压烧结样品的致密度;而晶粒尺寸仅为4.97μm左右,没有异常长大,达到了细化晶粒的效果;同时,其W晶粒邻接度逐渐降低,合金的微观组织均匀性得到优化和改善;维氏硬度和电导率分别达到225.78 HV_(30)和27.88%国际退火铜标准(IACS),高于同等温度甚至高100℃时的热压烧结体,性能得到显著提升,达到了低温烧结效果。结果表明,振荡热压烧结能够有效地促进90W-10Cu难熔合金的致密化,降低烧结温度和抑制晶粒生长,显著优化其微观组织均匀性,有利于在较低温度下获得高致密度、晶粒细小、高硬度和高电导率的90W-10Cu难熔合金材料。

关键词：烧结难熔合金致密化晶粒尺寸及形貌硬度电导率

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multi-exponential model to describe pressure-dependent P-and S-wave velocities and its use to estimate the crack aspect ratio

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Journal of Rock mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第2期14卷 385-395页

作者： mihály Dobróka Norbert Péter Szabó Tünde Edit Dobróka mátyás Krisztián Baracza Department of Geophysics University of MiskolcMiskolc-Egyetemváros3515Hungary mTA-mE Geoengineering Research Group University of MiskolcMiskolc-Egyetemváros3515Hungary Research Institute of Applied Earth Sciences University of MiskolcMiskolc-Egyetemváros3515Hungary

We present new quantitative model describing the pressure dependence of acoustic P-and S-wave *** that a variety of individual mechanisms or defects(such as cracks,pore collapse and grain crushing)can contribute to the pressure-dependent change of the wave velocity,we order a characteristic pressure to all of them and allow a series of exponential terms in the description of the(Pand S-waves)velocity-pressure *** estimate the parameters of the multi-exponential rock physical model in inversion procedures using laboratory measured P-and S-wave velocity *** is known,the conventional damped least squares method gives acceptable results only when one or two individual mechanisms are *** the number of exponential terms leads to highly nonlinear ill-posed inverse *** to this reason,we develop the spectral inversion method(SIm)in which the velocity amplitudes(the spectral lines in the characteristic pressure spectrum)are only considered as *** characteristic pressures(belonging to the velocity amplitudes)are excluded from the set of inversion unknowns,instead,they are defined in a set of fixed positions equidistantly distributed in the actual interval of the independent variable(pressure).Through this novel linear inversion method,we estimate the parameters of the multi-exponential rock physical model using laboratory measured P-and S-wave velocity *** characteristic pressures are related to the closing pressures of cracks which are described by well-known rock mechanical relationships depending on the aspect ratio of elliptical *** gives the possibility to estimate the aspect ratios in terms of the characteristic pressures.

关键词： multi-exponential rock physical model Spectral inversion method(SIm) Crack aspect ratio Characteristic pressures

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三轴加载下灰岩的力学特性及声发射特征

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矿业研究与开发 2024年第2期44卷 129-137页

作者：王巍浩杜西岗许城高凯河北水利电力学院交通工程系河北沧州市061001 中冶(上海)钢结构科技有限公司上海201908 中绎建设科技集团有限公司河北石家庄050035

灰岩作为煤矿广泛赋存的沉积岩之一,揭示其力学性质和损伤演化过程对于煤炭资源的安全开采至关重要。针对取自淮北某矿81采区-950 m回风石门底板的灰岩试样进行了不同围压下的三轴压缩试验,并采用声发射对灰岩的变形破坏全过程进行监测... 详细信息

灰岩作为煤矿广泛赋存的沉积岩之一,揭示其力学性质和损伤演化过程对于煤炭资源的安全开采至关重要。针对取自淮北某矿81采区-950 m回风石门底板的灰岩试样进行了不同围压下的三轴压缩试验,并采用声发射对灰岩的变形破坏全过程进行监测。试验结果表明:(1)灰岩的应力-应变曲线可划分为四个阶段。随着围压的增大,弹性模量E、泊松比μ、起裂应力σ_(ci)以及峰值应力σ_(pv)均会增大,但闭合应力σ_(c)基本保持不变;应力比σ_(c)/σ_(pv)随围压的增大而减小,σ_(ci)/σ_(pv)与σ_(r)/σ_(pv)对围压变化不敏感,残余应力σ_(r)处的内聚力和内摩擦角相比于峰值应力处分别降低了18.94%和26.27%。(2)声发射(AE)演化能够较好地表征灰岩的渐进性破坏过程,不同围压下灰岩的声发射演化规律保持一致;振铃计数峰值随着围压的增大而减小,声发射幅值均分布在20~100 dB范围内,灰岩试样内的高幅值AE事件会随着轴向应力的加载增多并呈聚集分布。(3)以累计振铃计数作为特征参量建立的损伤演化模型能够较好地描述三轴应力下灰岩内部的微裂隙闭合、扩展、贯通直至发生宏观破坏这一渐进性破坏过程。

关键词：灰岩三轴压缩力学性质声发射损伤演化

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Exacerbated VEGF up-regulation accompanies diabetes-aggravated hemorrhage in mice after experimental cerebral ischemia and delayed reperfusion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第7期17卷 1566-1575页

作者： Angela ka Wai Lai Tsz Chung Ng Victor ka Lok Hung ka Cheung Tam Chi Wai Cheung Sookja Kim Chung Amy Cheuk Yin Lo Department of Ophthalmology Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administration RegionChina Department of Anesthesiology Laboratory and Clinical Research Institute for PainThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administration RegionChina macao University of Science and Technology TaipaMacao Special Administration RegionChinaSchool of Biomedical SciencesThe State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administration RegionChina

Reperfusion therapy is the preferred treatment for ischemic stroke,but is hindered by its short treatment window,especially in patients with diabetes whose reperfusion after prolonged ischemia is often accompanied by exacerbated *** mechanisms underlying exacerbated hemorrhage are not fully *** study aimed to identify this mechanism by inducing prolonged 2-hour transient intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion in diabetic Ins2Akita/+mice to mimic patients with diabetes undergoing delayed mechanical *** results showed that at as early as 2 hours after reperfusion,Ins2Akita/+mice exhibited rapid development of neurological deficits,increased infarct and hemorrhagic transformation,together with exacerbated down-regulation of tight-junction protein ZO-1 and upregulation of blood-brain barrier-disrupting matrix metallopeptidase 2 and matrix metallopeptidase 9 when compared with normoglycemic Ins2+/+*** indicated that diabetes led to the rapid compromise of vessel integrity immediately after reperfusion,and consequently earlier death and further aggravation of hemorrhagic transformation 22 hours after *** observation was associated with earlier and stronger up-regulation of pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and its downstream phospho-Erk1/2 at 2 hours after reperfusion,which was suggestive of premature angiogenesis induced by early VEGF up-regulation,resulting in rapid vessel disintegration in diabetic *** reticulum stress-related pro-apoptotic C/EBP homologous protein was overexpressed in challenged Ins2Akita/+mice,which suggests that the exacerbated VEGF up-regulation may be caused by overwhelming endoplasmic reticulum stress under diabetic *** conclusion,the results mimicked complications in patients with diabetes undergoing delayed mechanical thrombectomy,and diabetes-induced accelerated VEGF up-regulation is likely to underlie exacerbated hemorrhagic transformat

关键词： blood-brain barrier brain injury diabetes mellitus hemorrhagic transformation infarct ischemia/reperfusion injury middle cerebral artery occlusion mouse model stroke vascular endothelial growth factor

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Advantageous mechanochemical synthesis of copper(Ⅰ)selenide semiconductor,characterization,and properties

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022年第3期16卷 433-442页

作者： katarína Gáborová marcela Achimovičová michal Hegedüs Vladimír Girman mária kaňuchová Erika Dutková Institute of Geotechnics Slovak Academy of SciencesKošice04001Slovakia Institute of metallurgy Faculty of MaterialsMetallurgy and RecyclingTechnical UniversityKošice04201Slovakia Synthon s.r.o.Blansko67801Czech Republic Faculty of Science Pavol JozefŠafárik UniversityKošice04154Slovakia Institute of Earth Resources Faculty of MiningEcologyProcess Control and GeotechnologiesTechnical UniversityKošice04200Slovakia

Copper(I)selenide-nanocrystalline semiconductor was synthesized via one-step mechanochemical synthesis after 5 min milling in a planetary ball *** kinetics of synthesis was followed by X-ray powder diffraction analysis and specific surface area measurements of milled 2Cu/Se *** X-ray diffraction confirmed the orthorhombic crystal structure of Cu_(2)Se with the crystallite size∼25 *** surface chemical structure was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,whereby the binding energy of the Cu 2p and Se 3d signals corresponded to Cu^(+)and Se^(2−)oxidation *** electron microscopy revealed agglomerated nanocrystals and confirmed their orthorhombic structure,as *** optical properties were studied utilizing ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and photoluminescence *** direct bandgap energy 3.7 eV indicated a blue-shift phenomenon due to the quantum size *** type of Cu_(2)Se synthesis can be easily adapted to production dimensions using an industrial vibratory *** advantages of mechanochemical synthesis represent the potential for inexpensive,environmentally-friendly,and waste-free manufacturing of Cu_(2)Se.

关键词： Cu_(2)Se berzelianite nanocrystalline semiconductor mechanochemical synthesis planetary ball mill

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How does Covid-19 affect global equity markets?

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Financial Innovation 2022年第1期8卷 624-642页

作者： Eddie C.m.Hui ka Kwan Kevin Chan ZN744 Department of Building and Real EstateThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong KongChina

This study applies OLS,panel regression and Granger causality test to investigate the impact of the Coronavirus disease 2019(Covid-19)outbreak on the global equity markets during the early stage of the *** find that the Covid-19 outbreak has a significant negative impact on the overall equity index return of the eight economies even at 0.1%significance ***,the pandemic has a more significant impact on the European countries than on the East Asian *** results have three main ***,policy makers should react fast to mitigate the impact of a ***,investors should be aware of an outbreak of disease or other risks and adjust their investments ***,the Covid-19 outbreak results in a shift of power from the west to the east.

关键词： Covid-19 Confirmed cases Panel regression Equity index

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