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Anthropogenic noise interacts with the predation risk assessment in a free-ranging bird

Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 277-283页

作者： Piotr matyjasiak Patrycja Chacińska Piotr Książka Institute of Biological Sciences Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in WarsawWóycickiego 1/3PL-01-815 WarsawPoland Department of Environmental Acoustics Institute of Environmental Protection—National Research InstituteKolektorska 4PL-01-692 WarsawPoland

Anthropogenic noise can affect a number of behavioral,physiological,and ecological aspects of animals from major taxonomic groups,raising serious conservation *** example,noise pollution impacts communicative behavior and perception of signals,movements and distribution,as well as predator–prey interactions,such as hunting success or predator detection and predation risk *** have carried out an experimental playback study,in which we investigated whether exposure to anthropogenic noise(sound of a tractor)distracts free-ranging barn swallows Hirundo rustica from paying attention to an approaching human“predator”(the“cognitive distraction”hypothesis),or whether noise leads to increased responsiveness to this“predator”(the“increased threat”hypothesis).The subjects were male barn swallows attending their breeding territories during the time when the females were *** found that barn swallow males initiated fight at signifcantly greater distances to the approaching human“predator”in the noise treatment than during the quiet control *** results suggest that anthropogenic noise causes increased vigilance and reactivity rather than a distraction,enabling birds to avoid the“predator”more *** further discuss the mechanism behind the increased alertness in response to noise and contrast the“increased threat”mechanism,usually tested in previous studies,with an alternative“cognitive sensitization”mechanism.

关键词： anthropogenic noise barn Swallow cognitive distraction flight initiation distance Hirundo rustica predation risk assessment

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Hyper spectral resolution stimulated Raman spectroscopy with amplified fs pulse bursts

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 566-576页

作者： Hongtao Hu Tobias Flöry Vinzenz Stummer Audrius Pugzlys markus Zeiler Xinhua Xie Aleksei Zheltikov Andrius Baltuška Photonics Institute Technische Universität WienGußhausstraße 27-29Vienna A-1040Austria SwissFEL Paul Scherrer InstituteVilligen PSI 5232Switzerland Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Department of Physics and AstronomyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

We present a novel approach for Stimulated Raman Scattering(SRS)spectroscopy in which a hyper spectral resolution and high-speed spectral acquisition are achieved by employing amplified offset-phase controlled fs-pulse *** investigate the method by solving the coupled non-linear Schrödinger equations and validate it by numerically characterizing SRS in molecular nitrogen as a model *** spectral resolution of the method is found to be determined by the inverse product of the number of pulses in the burst and the intraburst pulse *** SRS spectrum is obtained through a motion-free scanning of the offset phase that results in a sweep of the Raman-shift *** to high spectral resolution and fast motion-free scanning the technique is beneficial for a number SRS-based applications such as gas sensing and chemical analysis.

关键词： compound spectral resolution

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Cellular zinc metabolism and zinc signaling:from biological functions to diseases and therapeutic targets

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 401-441页

作者： Bonan Chen Peiyao Yu Wai Nok Chan Fuda Xie Yigan Zhang Li Liang kam Tong Leung Kwok Wai Lo Jun Yu Gary m.K.Tse Wei kang ka Fai To Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology State Key Laboratory of Translational OncologyPrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease Institute of Digestive DiseaseThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenChina Department of Pathology Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical CollegeSouthern Medical UniversityGuangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor PathologyGuangzhouChina Institute of Biomedical Research Taihe HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyanChina Department of Pediatrics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Zinc metabolism at the cellular level is critical for many biological processes in the body.A key observation is the disruption of cellular homeostasis,often coinciding with disease *** an essential factor in maintaining cellular equilibrium,cellular zinc has been increasingly spotlighted in the context of disease *** research suggests zinc’s involvement in promoting malignancy and invasion in cancer cells,despite its low tissue *** has led to a growing body of literature investigating zinc’s cellular metabolism,particularly the functions of zinc transporters and storage mechanisms during cancer *** transportation is under the control of two major transporter families:SLC30(ZnT)for the excretion of zinc and SLC39(ZIP)for the zinc ***,the storage of this essential element is predominantly mediated by metallothioneins(mTs).This review consolidates knowledge on the critical functions of cellular zinc signaling and underscores potential molecular pathways linking zinc metabolism to disease progression,with a special focus on *** also compile a summary of clinical trials involving zinc *** the main localization of zinc transporters at the cell membrane,the potential for targeted therapies,including small molecules and monoclonal antibodies,offers promising avenues for future exploration.

关键词： metabolism invasion involvement

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microplastic exposure disturbs sleep structure,reduces lifespan,and decreases ovary size in Drosophila melanogaster

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Zoological Research 2024年第4期45卷 805-820页

作者： Wei Yan Zi-Jie Li Zi-Yi Lin Shu-Qin Ji William.ka Fai Tse Zhi-Qiang meng Chang Liu Lei Li Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518000China CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and manipulation the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518000China Laboratory of Developmental Disorders and Toxicology Center for Promotion of International Education and ResearchFaculty of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaFukuoka 819-0395Japan Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518000China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518000China

The organ-specific toxicity resulting from microplastic(mP)exposure has been extensively explored,particularly concerning the gut,liver,testis,and ***,under natural conditions,these effects are not restricted to specific organs or *** whether mP exposure presents a systemic threat to an entire organism,impacting factors such as lifespan,sleep,and fecundity,is *** this study,we investigated the effects of dietary exposure to two different doses of mPs(1–5μm)using the terrestrial model organism Drosophila *** indicated that the particles caused gut damage and remained within the digestive *** mP exposure significantly shortened the lifespan of adult *** short-term exposure disrupted sleep patterns,increasing the length of daytime sleep ***,one week of mP exposure reduced ovary size,with a trend towards decreased egg-laying in mated *** mPs did not penetrate the brain or ovaries,transcriptome analysis revealed altered gene expression in these *** the ovary,Gene Ontology(GO)analysis indicated genotoxic effects impacting inflammation,circadian regulation,and metabolic processes,with significant impacts on extracellular structure-related *** the brain,GO analysis identified changes in pathways associated with proteolysis and carbohydrate ***,this study provides compelling evidence of the systemic negative effects of mP exposure,highlighting the urgent need to address and mitigate environmental mP pollution.

关键词： microplastics Sleep Lifespan Reproduction Risk assessment Drosophila melanogaster

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Computational design of structured chemical products

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2021年第5期15卷 1033-1049页

作者： Faheem mushtaq Xiang Zhang ka Y.Fung ka m.Ng Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina

In chemical product design,the aim is to formulate a product with desired *** and internal product structure are two key drivers of product performance with direct impact on the mechanical,electrical,and thermal ***,there is a keen interest in elucidating the dependence of product performance on ingredients,structure,and the manufacturing process to form the *** of product structure,particularly microstructure,is an intrinsically complex problem that involves different phases of different physicochemical properties,mass fraction,morphology,size distribution,and ***,computational methods have emerged that assist systematic microstructure quantification and *** objective of this paper is to review these computational methods and to show how these methods as well as other developments in product design can work seamlessly in a proposed performance,ingredients,structure,and manufacturing process framework for the design of structured chemical *** begins with the desired target properties and key *** is followed by computation for microstructure and then selection of processing steps to realize this *** framework is illustrated with the design of nanodielectric and die attach adhesive products.

关键词： product design performance ingredients structure manufacturing process framework structured chemical products microstructure design

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Analysing the Potential Impact of Climate Change on the Hydrological Regime of the Upper Benue River Basin (North Cameroon)

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第8期16卷 569-583页

作者： Elisabeth Dassou Fita Auguste Ombolo Thierry C. Fotso-Nguemo Daniel Bogno Saïdou Augustin Daïka Steven Chouto Felix Abbo mbele Department of meteorology and Hydrology The National Advanced School of Engineering of Maroua The University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Higher Institute of Agriculture Wood Water and Environment The University of Ebolowa Ebolowa Cameroun Department of Hydraulics and Water management The National Advanced School of Engineering of Maroua The University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Climate Change Research Laboratory (CCRL) National Institute of Cartography Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Geography Faculty of Arts Letters and Social Sciences University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon

In this study, we analyse the climate variability in the Upper Benue basin and assess its potential impact on the hydrology regime under two different greenhouse gas emission scenarios. The hydrological regime of the basin is more vulnerable to climate variability, especially precipitation and temperature. Observed hydroclimatic data (1950-2015) was analysed using a statistical approach. The potential impact of future climate change on the hydrological regime is quantified using the GR2m model and two climate models: HadGEm2-ES and mIROC5 from CmIP5 under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 greenhouse gas emission scenarios. The main result shows that precipitation varies significantly according to the geographical location and time in the Upper Benue basin. The trend analysis of climatic parameters shows a decrease in annual average precipitation across the study area at a rate of -0.568 mm/year which represents about 37 mm/year over the time 1950-2015 compared to the 1961-1990 reference period. An increase of 0.7°C in mean temperature and 14% of PET are also observed according to the same reference period. The two climate models predict a warming of the basin of about 2°C for both RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios and an increase in precipitation between 1% and 10% between 2015 and 2100. Similarly, the average annual flow is projected to increase by about +2% to +10% in the future for both RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios between 2015 and 2100. Therefore, it is primordial to develop adaptation and mitigation measures to manage efficiently the availability of water resources.

关键词： Climate Variability Hydrological modelling Climate models Upper Benue Basin Northern Cameroon

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不同振荡热压烧结温度下90W-10Cu难熔合金组织及性能

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工程科学与技术 2024年第3期56卷 269-276页

作者：高卡赵桅孙德建高阳朱文博上海理工大学机械工程学院上海200093 长海医院全科医学科上海200433 郑州航空工业管理学院材料学院河南郑州450015

用于高压电触头材料的90W-10Cu难熔合金由于具有高熔点和高比重差异,在高温长时间的粉末冶金过程中存在致密化困难和晶粒异常长大而影响其性能。在常规热压烧结基础上,振荡热压烧结(HOP)技术采用一定频率的循环振荡单轴压力代替静单轴压... 详细信息

用于高压电触头材料的90W-10Cu难熔合金由于具有高熔点和高比重差异,在高温长时间的粉末冶金过程中存在致密化困难和晶粒异常长大而影响其性能。在常规热压烧结基础上,振荡热压烧结(HOP)技术采用一定频率的循环振荡单轴压力代替静单轴压力,可快速促进陶瓷等材料的致密化。因此,为了研究振荡热压烧结对90W-10Cu难熔合金的低温烧结效果,本文将振荡热压烧结技术应用到90W-10Cu(质量分数)难熔合金的制备中,研究了烧结温度(1000~1300℃)对其微观组织、致密度、晶粒尺寸、硬度及电导率性能的影响。研究结果发现,振荡热压烧结90W-10Cu合金由W相基体和Cu相黏结相组成。随着烧结温度的升高,90W-10Cu难熔合金的致密度逐渐增大,在烧结温度最高为1300℃时,其致密度最高可达到99.35%,均高于同等温度下的热压烧结样品的致密度;而晶粒尺寸仅为4.97μm左右,没有异常长大,达到了细化晶粒的效果;同时,其W晶粒邻接度逐渐降低,合金的微观组织均匀性得到优化和改善;维氏硬度和电导率分别达到225.78 HV_(30)和27.88%国际退火铜标准(IACS),高于同等温度甚至高100℃时的热压烧结体,性能得到显著提升,达到了低温烧结效果。结果表明,振荡热压烧结能够有效地促进90W-10Cu难熔合金的致密化,降低烧结温度和抑制晶粒生长,显著优化其微观组织均匀性,有利于在较低温度下获得高致密度、晶粒细小、高硬度和高电导率的90W-10Cu难熔合金材料。

关键词：烧结难熔合金致密化晶粒尺寸及形貌硬度电导率

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大、中型制冷压缩机动力损耗分析

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压缩机技术 1985年第1期 49-54页

作者： И.m.kaлнинь ,肖勇全

本文根据大量的试验研究,对活塞式、螺杆式、离心式三种基本类型压缩机的动力损耗进行了较为详尽的分析,指出了各类损耗的性质,产生部位及原因。为了比较这三种运行方式不同的压缩机,本文还别开生面地运用“相对功率损失”、“比功率损... 详细信息

本文根据大量的试验研究,对活塞式、螺杆式、离心式三种基本类型压缩机的动力损耗进行了较为详尽的分析,指出了各类损耗的性质,产生部位及原因。为了比较这三种运行方式不同的压缩机,本文还别开生面地运用“相对功率损失”、“比功率损失”,来取代传统的效率分析法,这就为压缩机特性的研究提供了新的方法。作者借助于作用函数对压缩机的各类损耗、输气系数、水力效率对相对总损耗的影响,进行了定性定量的分析。最后,作者对三种压缩机的改进途径提出了看法。

关键词：压缩机离心式压气机螺杆式活塞式损耗分析

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利用择形分子筛异构化亚甲基二苯胺

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2024年第7期62卷 124-130页

作者： Sam Van minnebruggen ka Yan Cheung Trees De Baerdemaeker Niels Van Velthoven matthias Degelin Galahad O’Rourke Hiroto Toyoda Andree Iemhoff Imke muller Andrei-Nicolae Parvulescu Torsten mattke Jens Ferbitz 吴勤明肖丰收 Toshiyuki Yokoi Nils Bottke Dirk De Vos 巴斯夫股份有限公司膜分离、吸附、催化和光谱学可持续解决方案中心(cmACS) 比利时巴斯夫股份有限公司研究组德国东京工业大学纳米空间催化研究所横滨日本浙江大学化学系浙江杭州310028

亚甲基二苯胺(mDA)被广泛用作生产聚氨酯和聚异氰脲酸酯的中间体.然而,当前mDA的生产工艺在控制(4,4’/(2,4’+2,2’))异构体比例方面还存在局限.其中,4,4’-mDA被认为是最有价值的异构体.尽管2,4'-mDA在市场上也有一定的需求,但如果能... 详细信息

亚甲基二苯胺(mDA)被广泛用作生产聚氨酯和聚异氰脲酸酯的中间体.然而,当前mDA的生产工艺在控制(4,4’/(2,4’+2,2’))异构体比例方面还存在局限.其中,4,4’-mDA被认为是最有价值的异构体.尽管2,4'-mDA在市场上也有一定的需求,但如果能将其有效地转化为4,4'-mDA,将能显著提升其附加值.本文在使用苯胺的条件下,利用β分子筛等催化剂,通过双分子机制,可以选择性地将2,4'-mDA异构化为4,4'-mDA.尽管实验显示,多种酸性沸石具有较高的异构化活性,但mCm-68(具有mSE拓扑结构)的催化性能尤为出色,它不仅展现出高异构化活性,而且具有很好的选择性.mCm-68主要催化2,4'-mDA异构化为4,4'-mDA,而2,2'-mDA和低聚物的形成则可以忽略不计.本文还深入探讨了该择形作用的原因,并详细研究了酸位置在mSE分子筛孔道限制中的关键作用.

关键词：铝分布多相催化异构化亚甲基二苯胺聚氨酯择形

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multi-exponential model to describe pressure-dependent P-and S-wave velocities and its use to estimate the crack aspect ratio

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Journal of Rock mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第2期14卷 385-395页

作者： mihály Dobróka Norbert Péter Szabó Tünde Edit Dobróka mátyás Krisztián Baracza Department of Geophysics University of MiskolcMiskolc-Egyetemváros3515Hungary mTA-mE Geoengineering Research Group University of MiskolcMiskolc-Egyetemváros3515Hungary Research Institute of Applied Earth Sciences University of MiskolcMiskolc-Egyetemváros3515Hungary

We present new quantitative model describing the pressure dependence of acoustic P-and S-wave *** that a variety of individual mechanisms or defects(such as cracks,pore collapse and grain crushing)can contribute to the pressure-dependent change of the wave velocity,we order a characteristic pressure to all of them and allow a series of exponential terms in the description of the(Pand S-waves)velocity-pressure *** estimate the parameters of the multi-exponential rock physical model in inversion procedures using laboratory measured P-and S-wave velocity *** is known,the conventional damped least squares method gives acceptable results only when one or two individual mechanisms are *** the number of exponential terms leads to highly nonlinear ill-posed inverse *** to this reason,we develop the spectral inversion method(SIm)in which the velocity amplitudes(the spectral lines in the characteristic pressure spectrum)are only considered as *** characteristic pressures(belonging to the velocity amplitudes)are excluded from the set of inversion unknowns,instead,they are defined in a set of fixed positions equidistantly distributed in the actual interval of the independent variable(pressure).Through this novel linear inversion method,we estimate the parameters of the multi-exponential rock physical model using laboratory measured P-and S-wave velocity *** characteristic pressures are related to the closing pressures of cracks which are described by well-known rock mechanical relationships depending on the aspect ratio of elliptical *** gives the possibility to estimate the aspect ratios in terms of the characteristic pressures.

关键词： multi-exponential rock physical model Spectral inversion method(SIm) Crack aspect ratio Characteristic pressures

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