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surgeon preferences in the treatment of thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis

World journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 435-443页

作者： Edward j Wu bradley W Fossum Wyatt Vander Voort Christopher O Bayne Robert m szabo Department of Orthopedic surgery University of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMN 55455United States Department of Orthopaedic surgery UC Davis School of MedicineSacramentoCA 95817United States

BACKGROUND Primary thumb carpometacarpal(CmC)osteoarthritis is one of the most common conditions encountered by hand surgeons.Of the vast number of operations that have been proposed,none have demonstrated results significantly superior to trapeziectomy alone.AIm The purpose of our study was to determine why surgeons opt for their technique in treating CmC arthritis.mETHODs A cross-sectional survey of active members of the American society for surgery of the Hand was conducted to evaluate the reasons behind their preferred technique in the treatment of isolated thumb CmC arthritis.surgeons were contacted by email once and provided with a link to a de-identified survey consisting of 5 treatment questions and 5 demographic questions.REsULTs Of 950 responses were received.40.5%of surgeons preferred trapeziectomy+ligament reconstruction tendon interposition(LRTI),followed by trapeziectomy+suspensionplasty(28.2%),suture button suspension(5.9%),trapeziectomy alone(4.6%),prosthetic arthroplasty(3.2%),arthrodesis(1.1%),and other(6.6%).Proponents of trapeziectomy+LRTI cited familiarity(73.2%),exposure during fellowship(48.8%)and less proximal migration(60%)to be the main reasons affecting their decision.surgeons who preferred trapeziectomy+suspensionplasty most reported simplicity(74.9%),fewer complications(45.3%),less proximal migration(43.8%),and avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(42.7%).Advocates of suture button suspension cited avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(80.4%),shorter immobilization(76.8%),and quicker recovery(73.2%)with their technique.Advocates of trapeziectomy alone cited simplicity(97.7%),fewer complications(86.4%),and avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(59.1%).In their comments,45%of surgeons choosing trapeziectomy alone cited evidence as an additional rationale.Advocates of prosthetic arthroplasty cited improved pinch strength(83.3%)and improved range of motion(63.3%),while those preferring arthrodesis cited better pinch strength(90%)and frequently in their comments,durability.Of the surgeon

关键词： Thumb carpometacarpal Osteoarthritis Trapeziectomy Ligament reconstruction tendon interposition suspensionplasty Preferences Trends

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Recent Developments in metallic Degradable micromotors for Biomedical and Environmental Remediation Applications

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Nano-micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 1-35页

作者： sourav Dutta seungmin Noh Roger sanchis Gual Xiangzhong Chen salvador Pané bradley j.Nelson Hongsoo Choi Department of Robotics and mechatronics Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)Daegu 42988Republic of Korea DGIsT‑ETH microrobotics Research Center DGISTDaegu 42988Republic of Korea multi‑scale Robotics Lab Institute of Robotics and Intelligent SystemsETH Zurich8092 ZurichSwitzerland Institute of Optoelectronics State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and TechnologyShanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and PerceptionFudan UniversityShanghai 200433People’s Republic of China

synthetic micromotor has gained substantial attention in biomedicine and environmental remediation.metal-based degradable micromotor composed of magnesium(mg),zinc(Zn),and iron(Fe)have promise due to their nontoxic fuel-free propulsion,favorable biocompatibility,and safe excretion of degradation products Recent advances in degradable metallic micromotor have shown their fast movement in complex biological media,efficient cargo delivery and favorable biocompatibility.A noteworthy number of degradable metal-based micromotors employ bubble propulsion,utilizing water as fuel to generate hydrogen bubbles.This novel feature has projected degradable metallic micromotors for active in vivo drug delivery applications.In addition,understanding the degradation mechanism of these micromotors is also a key parameter for their design and performance.Its propulsion efficiency and life span govern the overall performance of a degradable metallic micromotor.Here we review the design and recent advancements of metallic degradable micromotors.Furthermore,we describe the controlled degradation,efficient in vivo drug delivery,and built-in acid neutralization capabilities of degradable micromotors with versatile biomedical applications.moreover,we discuss micromotors’efficacy in detecting and destroying environmental pollutants.Finally,we address the limitations and future research directions of degradable metallic micromotors.

关键词： magnesium Zinc Iron Biodegradable microrobot Biomedical Environmental

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Background removal from global auroral images:Data-driven dayglow modeling

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 247-257页

作者： A.Ohma m.madelaire K.m.Laundal j.P.Reistad s.m.Hatch s.Gasparini s.j.Walker Birkeland Centre for space science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniversity of BergenBergenNorway

Global images of auroras obtained by cameras on spacecraft are a key tool for studying the near-Earth environment.However,the cameras are sensitive not only to auroral emissions produced by precipitating particles,but also to dayglow emissions produced by photoelectrons induced by sunlight.Nightglow emissions and scattered sunlight can contribute to the background signal.To fully utilize such images in space science,background contamination must be removed to isolate the auroral signal.Here we outline a data-driven approach to modeling the background intensity in multiple images by formulating linear inverse problems based on B-splines and spherical harmonics.The approach is robust,flexible,and iteratively deselects outliers,such as auroral emissions.The final model is smooth across the terminator and accounts for slow temporal variations and large-scale asymmetries in the dayglow.We demonstrate the model by using the three far ultraviolet cameras on the Imager for magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration(ImAGE)mission.The method can be applied to historical missions and is relevant for upcoming missions,such as the solar wind magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(smILE)mission.

关键词： aurora dayglow modeling global auroral images far ultraviolet images dayglow removal

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Complexed amino acid minerals vs. bis-glycinate chelated minerals:Impact on the performance of old laying hens

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 395-408页

作者： marcos j.B.santos maria C.m.m.Ludke Leandro m.silva Carlos B.V.Rabello mércia R.Barros Fabiano s.Costa Clariana s.santos jamille s.s.Wanderley Department of Animal science Rural Federal University of Pernambuco Department of Veterinary science Rural Federal University of Pernambuco

The present study was to evaluate the effect of trace minerals(Zn, mn, and Cu) from complexed amino acid minerals(ZmCAA) and bis-glycinate chelated minerals(ZmCGly) in laying hen diets on performance,internal and external egg quality, yolk mineral deposition, intestinal morphometry, and bone characteristics. From 78 to 98 weeks of age, 400 White LsL-Lite strain laying hens were distributed in a randomized design with 4 treatments with 10 replicates per treatment. Treatments were distributed in a 2 ×2 factorial arrangement using either Zn, mn, and Cu of ZmCAA or ZmCGly source at 2 levels: low(20, 20,and 3.5 mg/kg of Zn, mn, and Cu, respectively) or high(40, 40, and 7 mg/kg of Zn, mn, and Cu,respectively). The analysis of variance was performed, and in cases where differences were observed, the means were compared using Tukey?s test(P source and level of trace mineral supplementation had a significant impact on the performance of laying hens. Hens fed ZmCAA had higher egg production(P = 0.01), egg weight(P = 0.02), egg mass(P = 0.01), and lower feed conversion ratio(P =0.05) compared to those fed ZmCGly. The ZmCAA supplementation showed higher albumen height(P =0.01), albumen weight(P = 0.01), and eggshell thickness(P sition of Zn(P mn(Ps greater for hens received ZmCAA. Tibia weight(P = 0.04)and bone densitometry(P mCAA supplementation. In the small intestine, ZmCAA resulted in longer villi(P = 0.02) and shorter crypt depth(P = 0.01) in the duodenum.jejunum and ileum measurements were influenced by the level and source of trace minerals(P s fed ZmCAA exhibited superior performance, egg quality, deposition of trace minerals in the egg yolk, and bone density compared to hens fed ZmCGly. In this study, older laying hens supplemented with ZmCAA at lower levels demonstrated adequate levels of supplementation.

关键词： Bis-glycinates metal-amino acids Radiodensity Trace minerals

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The CCD instrument background of the smILE sXI

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 15-24页

作者： m.W.j.Hubbard O.Hetherington D.j.Hall T.W.Buggey s.Parsons T.Arnold A.Holland C.Pagani s.sembay Centre for Electronic Imaging The Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76AAUK X-ray and Observational Astronomy Group Department of Physics&AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterLE17RHUK

The EsA and CAs smILE mission orbit is highly elliptical and will pass through multiple radiation environments.The soft X-ray Imager(sXI)instrument aboard has a radiation shutter door designed to close when the surrounding radiation flux is high.The shutter door will close when passing below an altitude threshold to protect against trapped particles in the Earth’s Van Allen Belts.Therefore,two radiation environments can be approximated based on the shutter door position:open and closed.The instrument background for the CCDs(Charge-Coupled Devices)that form the focal plane array of the sXI were evaluated for the two environments.Due to the correlation of the space environment with the solar cycle,the solar minima and maxima,the background was also evaluated at these two extremes.The results demonstrated that the highest instrument background will occur during solar minima due to the main contributing source being Galactic Cosmic Rays(GCRs).It was also found that the open background was highest for solar minima and that the closed background was highest during solar maxima.This is due to the radiation shutter door acting as a scattering centre and the changes in the energy flux distribution of the GCRs between the two solar extremes.

关键词： instrument background X-ray astronomy space radiation

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smILE soft X-ray Imager flight model CCD370 pre-flight device characterisation

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 25-38页

作者： s.Parsons D.j.Hall O.Hetherington T.W.Buggey T.Arnold m.W.j.Hubbard A.Holland Centre for Electronic Imaging the Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76AAUK

Throughout the smILE mission the satellite will be bombarded by radiation which gradually damages the focal plane devices and degrades their performance.In order to understand the changes of the CCD370s within the soft X-ray Imager,an initial characterisation of the devices has been carried out to give a baseline performance level.Three CCDs have been characterised,the two flight devices and the flight spa re.This has been carried out at the Open University in a bespo ke cleanroom measure ment facility.The results show that there is a cluster of bright pixels in the flight spa re which increases in size with tempe rature.However at the nominal ope rating tempe rature(-120℃) it is within the procure ment specifications.Overall,the devices meet the specifications when ope rating at -120℃ in 6 × 6 binned frame transfer science mode.The se rial charge transfer inefficiency degrades with temperature in full frame mode.However any charge losses are recovered when binning/frame transfer is implemented.

关键词： CCD soft X-ray imager characterisation smILE

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Comparative analysis of microstructure,mechanical,and corrosion properties of biodegradable mg-3Y alloy prepared by selective laser melting and spark plasma sintering

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journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1496-1510页

作者： P.minárik m.Zemková s.Šašek j.Dittrich m.Knapek F.Lukáˇc D.Koutný j.jaroš R.Král Faculty of mathematics and Physics Charles UniversityKe Karlovu 5Praha 12116Czech Republic Research Centre University ofŽilinaUniverzitná8215/1Žilina 01026Slovakia Institute of Plasma Physics of the Czech Academy of sciences Za Slovankou 1782/318200 Praha 8Czech Republic Institute of machine and Industrial Design Brno University of TechnologyTechnická2896/2Brno 61669Czech Republic

This work explored possibilities of biodegradable magnesium alloy mg-3Y preparation by two modern powder metallurgy techniques–spark plasma sintering(sPs)and selective laser melting(sLm).The powder material was consolidated by both methods utilising optimised parameters,which led to very low porosity(∼0.3%)in the sLm material and unmeasurably low porosity in the sPs material.The main aim of the study was the thorough microstructure characterisation and interrelation between the microstructure and the functional properties,such as mechanical strength,deformability,and corrosion resistance.Both materials showed comparable strength of∼110 mPa in tension and compression and relatively good deformability of∼9%and∼21%for the sLm and sPs materials,respectively.The corrosion resistance of the sPs material in 0.1 m NaCl solution was superior to the sLm one and comparable to the conventional extruded material.The digital image correlation during loading and the cross-section analysis of the corrosion layers revealed that the residual porosity and large strained grains have the dominant negative effect on the functional properties of the sLm material.On the other hand,one of the primary outcomes of this study is that the sPs consolidation method is very effective in the preparation of the W3 biodegradable alloy,resulting in material with convenient mechanical and degradation properties that might find practical applications.

关键词： magnesium Yttrium Powder metallurgy microstructure mechanical strength Corrosion resistance

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Comparison of trigeminal lateralization with differing stimulants

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World journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery 2024年第1期10卷 66-69页

作者： Tiffany Chen Nicolas s.Poupore michael C.shih Thomas s.Edwards shaun A.Nguyen Zachary m.soler Rodney j.schlosser Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA

Trigeminal-specific stimulants have been shown to activate different receptors preferentially and this likely accounts for variation in sensory perception.It is unclear whether trigeminal sensitivity is similar across different transient receptor potential(TRP)receptors or if dysfunction of different receptors results in differing patient symptoms.Therefore,a prospective cohort study was conducted,consisting of trigeminal lateralization testing with three different stimulants(eucalyptol,isothiocyanate,acetic acid),olfaction testing with sniffin'sticks,and measurement of various patient‐reported outcome measures(PROms).A total of 50 participants were enrolled across the olfactory spectrum.mean TDI score was 27.1±8.3(range 7.0–39.5)with 38%normosmic and 62%dysosmic.mean trigeminal lateralization scores out of 20 in the overall cohort were 16.18(2.78)for eucalyptol,14.94(3.49)for mustard oil,and 15.28(3.68)for vinegar.Eucalyptol showed a significant correlation with threshold scores of sniffin'sticks.A significant correlation was found between acetic acid and various PROms.None of the lateralization scores of the trigeminal stimulants correlated to each other significantly and there was no correlation to age.The lack of correlation suggests that the measured sensitivity of one type of TRP receptor may not translate to similar sensitivity of the other receptors.Additional investigations with TRPV1 and TRPA1 agonists are needed to corroborate our findings.

关键词： chemosensory olfaction trigeminal TRP receptor

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The secondary injury cascade after spinal cord injury: an analysis of local cytokine/chemokine regulation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1308-1317页

作者： Daniel j.Hellenbrand Charles m.Quinn Zachariah j.Piper Ryan T.Elder Raveena R.mishra Taylor L.marti Phoebe m.Omuro Rylie m.Roddick jae sung Lee William L.murphy Amgad s.Hanna Department of Neurosurgery University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of materials science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Forward BIO Institute University of Wisconsin-Madison

After spinal cord injury, there is an extensive infiltration of immune cells, which exacerbates the injury and leads to further neural degeneration. Therefore, a major aim of current research involves targeting the immune response as a treatment for spinal cord injury. Although much research has been performed analyzing the complex inflammatory process following spinal cord injury, there remain major discrepancies within previous literature regarding the timeline of local cytokine regulation. The objectives of this study were to establish an overview of the timeline of cytokine regulation for 2 weeks after spinal cord injury, identify sexual dimorphisms in terms of cytokine levels, and determine local cytokines that significantly change based on the severity of spinal cord injury. Rats were inflicted with either a mild contusion, moderate contusion, severe contusion, or complete transection, 7 mm of spinal cord centered on the injury was harvested at varying times post-injury, and tissue homogenates were analyzed with a Cytokine/Chemokine 27-Plex assay. Results demonstrated pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 were all upregulated after spinal cord injury, but returned to uninjured levels within approximately 24 hours post-injury, while chemokines including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 remained upregulated for days post-injury. In contrast, several anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors including interleukin-10 and vascular endothelial growth factor were downregulated by 7 days post-injury. After spinal cord injury, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, which specifically affects astrocytes involved in glial scar development, increased more than all other cytokines tested, reaching 26.9-fold higher than uninjured rats. After a mild injury, 11 cytokines demonstrated sexual dimorphisms; however, after a severe contusion only leptin levels were different between female and male rats. In conclusion, pro-inflammatory cytokines initiate the inf

关键词： astrocytes chemokines cytokines inflammation macrophages microglia secondary damage spinal cord injury

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Characterization of bright betatron radiation generated by direct laser acceleration of electrons in plasma of near critical density

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matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 26-35页

作者： j.Cikhardt m.Gyrdymov s.Zähter P.Tavana m.m.Günther N.Bukharskii N.Borisenko j.jacoby X.F.shen A.Pukhov N.E.Andreev O.N.Rosmej Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague16627 Prague 6Czech Republic Goethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Straße 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany GsI Helmholtzzentrum für schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany Focused Energy GmbH Im Tiefen See 4564293 DarmstadtGermany National Research Nuclear University mEPhI Kashirskoe shosse 31115409 MoscowRussian Federation Lebedev Physical Institute RAs Leninskiy Prospekt 53119991 MoscowRussian Federation Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf Universitätsstrasse 1DüsseldorfGermany joint Institute for High Temperatures RASIzhorskaya st.13Bldg.2125412 MoscowRussian Federation moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Institutskiy Pereulok 9141700 DolgoprudnyRussia

Directed x-rays produced in the interaction of sub-picosecond laser pulses of moderate relativistic intensity with plasma of near-critical density are investigated. synchrotron-like (betatron) radiation occurs in the process of direct laser acceleration (DLA) of electrons in a relativisticlaser channel when the electrons undergo transverse betatron oscillations in self-generated quasi-static electric and magnetic fields. In anexperiment at the PHELIX laser system, high-current directed beams of DLA electrons with a mean energy ten times higher than the ponderomotive potential and maximum energy up to 100 meV were measured at 10^(19) W/cm^(2)laser intensity. The spectrum of directed x-raysin the range of 5–60 keV was evaluated using two sets of Ross filters placed at 0°and 10°to the laser pulse propagation axis. The differential x-ray absorption method allowed for absolute measurements of the angular-dependent photon fluence. We report 10^(13) photons/sr withenergies >5 keV measured at 0°to the laser axis and a brilliance of 10^(21) photons s^(−1) mm^(−2) mrad−2(0.1%BW)−1. The angular distributionof the emission has an FWHm of 14°–16°. Thanks to the ultra-high photon fluence, point-like radiation source, and ultra-short emissiontime, DLA-based keV backlighters are promising for various applications in high-energy-density research with kilojoule petawatt-class laserfacilities.

关键词： laser acceleration critical

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