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Coffee Leaf Rust(Hemileia vastatrix)Disease in Coffee Plants and Perspectives by the Disease Control

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第5期93卷 923-949页

作者： Alexis salazar-Navarro Victor Ruiz-Valdiviezo Jose Joya-Dávila Daniel Gonzalez-mendoza Instituto de Ciencias Agrícolas de la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California(ICA-UABC) Nuevo LeónBaja California21705México Laboratorio de Biología molecular del Instituto Tecnológico Nacional de Tuxtla Gutierrez(TecNm) Tuxtla GutierrezChiapas29050México Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas Campus V.Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas(UNACH) VillafloresChiapas30470México

Coffee Leaf Rust(CLR)is caused by Hemileia vastatrix in Coffea *** is one of the most dangerous phytopathogens for coffee plantations in terms of coffee productivity and coffee cup *** this review,we resume the problem of CLR in mexico and the pathogenesis of *** review abord plant-pathogen interactions which lead a compatible or incompatible interactions and result in CLR disease or resistance,*** review abord Coffea *** response pathways involved in *** ***,current measures to control *** proliferation and germination were aborded focused on phytosanitary actions,and biological and chemical ***,new trendlines to reduce the impact of CLR as nanoparticles and nanotechnology were analyzed.

关键词： Coffee leaf rust Coffea arabica pathogenesis nanoparticles biological control

Organ Abscission in Plants: With Special Emphasis on Bell Pepper

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第7期93卷 1467-1484页

作者： Ramiro Reyes-Castro Héctor G.Núñez-Palenius Juan I.Valiente-Banuet maría E.Sosa-morales Blanca E.Orosco-Alcalá Rafael Guzmán-mendoza Graciela m.L.Ruiz-Aguilar Rogelio Costilla-salazar Life Sciences Division Universidad de GuanajuatoIrapuato36500México School of Engineering and Sciences Tecnologico de MonterreyQuerétaro76130México

Bell pepper(Capsicum annuum L.),along with potato and tomato,is one of the three most cultivated vegetables in the *** pepper is worldwide accepted due to its characteristics of color,smell,ﬂavor,and *** pepper is also considered a nutritious food due to its vitamin and antioxidant *** mexico,bell pepper production has a high value because it is grown for the international markets,particularly the United States of ***,the abscission ofﬂowers and fruits is a factor that limits the yield,hinders the planning of activities,and causes a variation in the prices of *** to the importance of this process,in this work we did a bibliometric analysis and literature review of scientiﬁc advances for the understanding of the abscission pro-cess in plants,and in particular for the bell ***,we introduce new perspectives that would help direct future research about organ abscission in ***,the lack of research that would further clarify abscis-sion process in the bell pepper plant is discussed.

关键词： Capsicum annuum abscission zone plant growth regulators environmental factors

In vitro Ruminal Gas Production Kinetics of Four Fodder Trees Ensiled With or Without molasses and Urea

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第7期12卷 1234-1242页

作者： Abdelfattah Z m Salem ZHOU Chuan-she TAN Zhi-liang miguel mellado m.ises cipriano salazar mona m m Y Elghandopur Nicholas E Odongo Faculty of Veterinary and Livestock Autonomous University of the State of Mexico Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Animal Nutrition Autonomous Agrarian University Antonio Narro Faculty of Veterinary and Livestock Autonomous University of Guerrero

This study investigated if the addition of urea （U）, molasses （m） or their 1：1 （v/v） mixture during ensiling increases the nutritional value of forage from four fodder trees （Prunus persica, Leucaena esculenta, Acacia farnesiana, and Prunus domestica）. Forage samples of fodder trees were collected in triplicate （three individual samples of each species） and subjected to an in vitro gas production （GP） procedure. Fermentation at 24 h （GP 24）, short-chain volatile fatty acids （SCFA）, and microbial crude protein production （mCP）, in vitro organic matter digestibility （OmD）, metabolizable energy （mE） and dry matter degradability （DmD） were estimated. Forage samples were incubated for 72 h in an incubator at 39oC and the volume of GP was recorded at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h of incubation using the reading pressure technique. The rumen fermentation profiles were highest for P. persica, which showed the highest （P〈0.0001） DmD, mE, OmD, SCFA, GP 24 and mCP. On the other hand L. esculenta had the lowest （P〈0.0001） DmD, SCFA, mCP; P. domestica had the lowest （P〈0.0001） OmD. The addition of m to silage increased （P〈0.0001） mE and OmD, as well as GP. However, the addition of U and the mixture of U and m reduced （P〈0.0001） DmD, mE, OmD, SCFA, GY 24 and mCP. These results show that P. persica has the highest nutritive value and L. esculenta the lowest for ruminants. Additionally, the addition of m to forage from fodder trees increases rumen GP and fermentation, which may improve nutrient utilization in ruminants.

关键词： fodder trees urea molasses gas production

Conceptual design and optimization of a tilt-rotor micro air vehicle

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2019年第2期32卷 369-381页

作者： m.HASSANALIAN R.salazar A.ABDELKEFI Department of mechanical and Aerospace Engineering New Mexico State University Department of mechanical Engineering New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology

The conceptual design and optimization of a tilt-rotor micro Air Vehicle(mAV) for a well-defined mission are performed. The objective of this design cycle is to decrease the design time in order to efficiently create a functional tilt-rotor drone. A flight mission is firstly defined for a tiltrotor mAV performing hovering and cruise flight scenarios. Secondly, a complex wing shape is chosen and modeled in order to determine the final shape. The initial shape is scaled in order to acquire an arbitrary wingspan of one meter. For the specific area and wingspan, the aspect ratio of the designed wing shape is found to be equal to 2.32. Thirdly, a constraint analysis of the mAV is performed by using an energy balance analysis for six different flight scenarios. This analysis yields the required power loading and wing loading. Fourthly, the weight of the vehicle is estimated using both statistical and computational methods. After estimating the total weight and the wing loading of the mAV, the surface of the wing is determined, yielding a final wingspan of 0.76 m. Subsequently, considering the total weight of the designed mAV, the needed lift coefficient is ***, using the lift coefficient in conjunction with XLFR5, a batch of airfoils is selected and analyzed to evaluate the aerodynamic coefficients of the wing with each airfoil. This analysis ultimately leads to the optimum airfoil being selected. Finally, design of the fuselage and tail, internal components selection, and servo-mechanisms design are carried out prior to a stability analysis. All these proposed steps are needed to design efficient and functional tilt-rotor mAVs.

关键词： Aerodynamic analysis Sizing Tilt-rotor mAV VTOL Stability

Unilateral rNurr1-V5 transgene expression in nigral dopaminergic neurons mitigates bilateral neuropathology and behavioral deficits in parkinsonian rats withα-synucleinopathy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 2057-2067页

作者： Bismark Gatica-Garcia michael J.Bannon Irma Alicia martínez-Dávila Luis O.Soto-Rojas David Reyes-Corona Lourdes Escobedo minerva maldonado-Berny mE Gutierrez-Castillo Armando J.Espadas-Alvarez manuel A.Fernandez-Parrilla Juan U.mascotte-Cruz CP Rodríguez-Oviedo Irais E.Valenzuela-Arzeta Claudia Luna-Herrera Francisco E.Lopez-Salas Jaime Santoyo-salazar Daniel martinez-Fong Departamento de Fisiología Biofísica y NeurocienciasCentro de Investigación y de Estudios AvanzadosCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Department of Pharmacology Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMIUSA Laboratorio de Patogénesis molecular Carrera Médico CirujanoFacultad de Estudios Superiores IztacalaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoTlalnepantla de BazMéxico Red de medicina para la Educación y Desarrollo y la Investigación Científica de Iztacala(Red mEDICI) Carrera Médico CirujanoFacultad de Estudios Superiores IztacalaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoTlalnepantla de BazMéxico Nanoparticle Therapy Institute AguascalientesMéxico Departamento de Biociencias e Ingeniería Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y DesarrolloInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Escuela Nacional de medicina y Homeopatía Instituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Departamento de Fisiología Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Departamento de Biología molecular y Biotecnología Instituto de Investigaciones BiomédicasUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Departamento de Física Centro de Investigación y de Estudios AvanzadosCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Programa de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología Centro de Investigación y de Estudios AvanzadosCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Parkinsonism by unilateral,intranigralβ-sitosterolβ-D-glucoside administration in rats is distinguished in that theα-synuclein insult begins unilaterally but spreads bilaterally and increases in severity over time,thus replicating several clinical features of Parkinson’s disease,a typicalα-*** Nurr1 repressesα-synuclein,we evaluated whether unilateral transfected of rNurr1-V5 transgene via neurotensin-polyplex to the substantia nigra on day 30 after unilateralβ-sitosterolβ-D-glucoside lesion could affect bilateral neuropathology and sensorimotor deficits on day 30 *** study found that rNurr1-V5 expression but not that of the green fluorescent protein(the negative control)reducedβ-sitosterolβ-D-glucoside-induced ***,a bilateral increase in tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells and arborization occurred in the substantia nigra and increased tyrosine hydroxylase-positive ramifications in the *** addition,tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells displayed less senescence markerβ-galactosidase and more neuron-cytoskeleton markerβIII-tubulin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor.A significant decrease in activated microglia(positive to ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1)and neurotoxic astrocytes(positive to glial fibrillary acidic protein and complement component 3)and increased neurotrophic astrocytes(positive to glial fibrillary acidic protein and S100 calcium-binding protein A10)also occurred in the substantia *** effects followed the bilateral reduction inα-synuclein aggregates in the nigrostriatal system,improving sensorimotor *** results show that unilateral rNurr1-V5 transgene expression in nigral dopaminergic neurons mitigates bilateral neurodegeneration(senescence and loss of neuron-cytoskeleton and tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells),neuroinflammation(activated microglia,neurotoxic astrocytes),α-synuclein aggregation,and sensorimotor *** neurotrophic astrocytes and

关键词： A1 astrocytes A2 astrocytes gene therapy microglia motor deficits nanoparticles neurodegeneration neuroinflammation senescence α-synuclein aggregates

Angiographic evaluation and management of acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第11期18卷 1191-1201页

作者： T Gregory Walker Gloria m salazar Arthur C Waltman Division of Vascular Imaging and Intervention Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114United States

Although most cases of acute nonvariceal gastrointestinal hemorrhage either spontaneously resolve or respond to medical management or endoscopic treatment,there are still a significant number of patients who require emergency angiography and transcatheter *** with noninvasive imaging such as nuclear scintigraphy or computed tomography may localize the bleeding source and/or confirm active hemorrhage prior to *** angiographic evaluation should begin with selective catheterization of the artery supplying the most likely site of bleeding,as determined by the available clinical,endoscopic and imaging *** a hemorrhage source is identified,superselective catheterization followed by transcatheter microcoil embolization is usually the most effective means of successfully controlling hemorrhage while minimizing potential *** is now wellrecognized as a viable and safe alternative to emergency *** selected situations transcatheter intra-arterial infusion of vasopressin may also be useful in controlling acute gastrointestinal *** must be aware of the various side effects and potential complications associated with this treatment,however,and recognize the high re-bleeding *** this article we review the current role of angiography,transcatheter arterial embolization and infusion therapy in the evaluation and management of nonvariceal gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

关键词： Angiodysplasia Aneurysm Digital subtrac-tion angiography Contrast media Hemorrhage Radio-nuclide angiography Therapeutic embolization

Variations of properties across plate thickness for Al alloy 7010

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2005年第6期15卷 1258-1263页

作者： m.salazar-Guapuriche Y.Y.Zhao A.Pitman A.Greene materials Laboratory Airbus UK Broughton Chester CH4 0DR UKDepartment of Engineering The University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 3GH UK Department of Engineering The University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 3GH UK materials and Process Group Airbus UK Filton Bristol BS99 7AR UK

The variations of electrical conductivity and hardness across the thickness of an Al alloy 7010 plate under the temper condition T7651 were investigated. The electrical conductivity and hardness respond in a reciprocal manner. Cross-sectional slices of the plate subjected to re-solutionising/natural ageing and re-solutionising/artificial ageing show the similar tendencies in property changes as in the as-received raw material. This clearly suggests that the property inhomogeneity across the plate thickness is inherent of the manufacturing route. The differences in properties through the plate thickness are due to the changes in the concentrations of the strengthening alloying elements in the solid solution and the associated changes in microstructure; these are believed to be mainly due to the nature of plate solidification and prolonged high temperature during the rolling operation. The combination of electrical conductivity and hardness can be used as an integral quality property indicator for assessing inhomogeneity of thick products.

关键词：铝合金镀层厚度硬度导电性

Genetic Analyses of Tolerance to Low Nitrogen in Tropical maize Germplasm

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2002年第9期1卷 954-959页

作者： Carpena A.L. salazar A.m. Department of Agronomy University of the Philippines Los BanosPhilippinesInstitute of Plant BreedingUPLBphilippines

Six tropical maize inbred lines were crossed in a half diallel fashion and evaluated along with their F1 hybrids under low N (0 kg/ha) and high N(170 kg/ha), for grain yield, ear diameter, ear length, number of rows per ear, 100-kernel weight, ear leaf area, shoot dry weight, ear leaf chlorophyll content and plant height to determine their response to different level of N. Grain yield and ear leaf chlorophyll content measured by 48% lower under -N than under + N, and were most affected by -N. Ear length had the highest reduction under -N of 22%. Plant height and shoot dry weight were both reduced by 28%. Diallel analysis indicated significant additive as well as dominance variance for grain yield under -N. The same results were shown when one tolerant x nontolerant cross from the diallel hybrids was subjected to generation mean analysis which also indicated significant epistatic effects. These results suggest that S1 or S2 progeny selection may be an effective means of improving grain yield of tropical maize under low soil N.

关键词： maize breeding maize Tolerance to low N Genetic analysis

Adaptive Control for Passive Kinesiotherapy ELLTIO

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2014年第4期11卷 581-588页

作者： Ricardo López Hipólito Aguilar Sergio salazar Rogelio Lozano Laboratory UmI LAFmIA 3175 CINVESTAV-CNRS Móxico D. F. CNRS Research Director Universitb de Technologie de Compiègne 60200 Compiègne France

Exoskeletons are mechatronic devices used to increase human muscle strength and resistance. In the last decade these devices have become a very useful tool to assist active kinesiotherapy. This paper presents the design of exoskeleton focused on the rehabilitation of ankle and knee for the right leg. The construction of prototype like Exoskeleton for Lower Limb Training with Instrumented Orthoses （ELLTIO） using Series Elastic Actuator （SEA） to reduce the effort in the human joints, and a control law to perform a rehabilitation routine using an adaptive control scheme were first implemented in simulation to verify the control strategy and make a real rehabilitation test. The adaptive control law is proposed with the intention that the exoskeleton can adapt to user parameters at the time when performing the exercise. The results show the parameters estimation and tracking trajectory for the exoskeleton were proposed, and this trajectory could be a routine rehabilitation proposed by the therapist.

关键词： exoskeleton parametric identification rehabilitation robotics adaptive control.