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Saline Drinking Water and Salt in Diet:An Approximate Picture of the Situation in a Coastal Area of Southeastern Bangladesh

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2017年第2期8卷 109-120页

作者： m.iko sakamoto Department of International Studies Graduate School of Frontier SciencesThe University of Tokyo

Coastal areas of Bangladesh have been facing increasing salinity of surface water and *** study provides the approximate scope of the problem in a coastal area of southeastern Bangladesh by using less-accurate,but lower-cost salinity measuring devices that enable local people to assess the *** local women were employed to monitor 10 tube wells each on a weekly basis,from mid-February to mid-may,during the2016 dry *** Information System and time series clustering were used to visualize the spatial distribution and seasonal change of the salinity *** addition,the tube well users were asked about the salt consumption in their daily ***-third of the monitored tube wells were found to contain more sodium than the tolerable level in terms of taste suggested by the World Health ***,the mean salinity level across all monitored tube wells was much *** salinity level varied depending on the depth of the tube wells rather than their locations or altitudes,and those deeper than 200 m were likely to be salt *** results of the diet survey showed that wealthier households tended to use more salt in their daily diets,but at the same time they tended to have deeper tube wells that are less likely to contain high levels of sodium.

关键词： Bangladesh Climate change Drinking water salinity Participatory water monitoring

PREPARATION OF IODINE-INCLUDED CARBON USING RF PLASmA CVD

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Acta metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2005年第3期18卷 423-426页

作者： Y. sakamoto m. Takaya T. Uchiyama Department of Precision Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chiba Institute of Technology Tsudanuma Narashino Chiba 275-0016 JapanDepartment of Precision Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chiba Institute of Technology Tsudanuma Narashino Chiba 275-0016 JapanGraduate School Department of Precision Engineering Faculty of Engineering Ch iba Institute of Technology Tsudanuma Narashino Chiba 275-0016 Japan

For the aim of synthesis of the carbon-iodine compound, the preparation of iodin e-included carbon using RF plasma CVD was studied. Iodine-included carbon was sy nthesized on Si substrate using ICP type RF plasma CVD apparatus. C2H5OH and I2 dissolved C2H5OH was used as reactant gases. As a result, surface morphologies o f Iodine included carbon films showed flat surfaces for each samples. On the str ucture of films estimated by Raman spectroscopy, amorphous carbon was recognized . And I2 peaks were observed in XPS spectra. As a result of friction test, frict ion coefficient of the sample growth with C2H5OH showed about 0.45. On the other hand, that of the sample with I2-C2H5OH showed about 0.3 and decrease of fricti on coefficient was recognized. Iodine inclusion for carbon materials can be achi eved by RF plasma CVD using an I2-C2H5OH reactant. The coefficient of iodine-inc luded carbon showed lower than of without iodine

关键词： carbon iodine plasma CVD tribological property

Life Cycle Assessment of Biodegradable Plastics

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2012年第3期17卷 327-329页

作者： sakamoto Yuki Research Institute of Public Affairs Nara Sangyo UniversityNara 636-8503Japan

many industrial products made from fossil fuels cause the problems of global warming,depletion of fossil fuel resources and decrease of the land by *** this report,the amounts of CO2 emissions as the environmental load and the specific energy consumptions as the depletion of fossil fuel resources of biodegradable plastics and conventional plastic as food trays are compared using life cycle assessment *** amount of CO2 emission of PHB(poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate)) tray was the smallest among those of trays of other *** specific energy consumption of SPCL(starch/polycaprolactone) was the smallest among those of trays of other *** clearly reveals that the utilization of the biodegradable plastics is an effective way of alternatives of the conventional plastics.

关键词： life cycle assessment biodegradable plastics CO2 emission specific energy consumption

Evolving roles of magnifying endoscopy and endoscopic resection for neoplasia in inflammatory bowel diseases

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第3期14卷 646-653页

作者： Shintaro Akiyama Taku sakamoto Joshua m Steinberg Yutaka Saito Kiichiro Tsuchiya Department of Gastroenterology University of TsukubaIbaraki 305-8575Japan Endoscopy Division National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Gastroenterology of the RockiesDenverCO 80218United States

magnifying endoscopy is a useful technique to differentiate neoplasia from non-neoplastic lesions. Data regarding the clinical utility of magnifying endoscopy for neoplasia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) has been *** Kudo’s pit pattern types Ⅲ-Ⅴ are findings suggestive of neoplasia in non-IBD patients, these pit patterns are predictive of IBD-associated neoplasia as ***, active chronic inflammatory processes, particularly regenerative changes, can mimic neoplastic pit patterns and may affect a meticulous evaluation of pit pattern diagnosis in patients with IBD. The clinical evidence regarding the utility of magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging or endocytoscopy has also been evolving in regard to the diagnosis of IBD-associated neoplasia. These advanced endoscopic techniques are promising for multiple reasons;not only for making an accurate diagnosis of neoplasia, but also in determining if endoscopic resection is appropriate for such lesions in patients with IBD. In this review, we discuss the diagnostic accuracy and limitations of magnifying endoscopy in assessing IBD-associated neoplasia and examine the feasibility and outcomes of endoscopic resection for these lesions.

关键词： magnifying endoscopy Neoplasia Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bowel disease Endoscopic resection

Relationship between testicular volume and testicular function： comparison of the Prader orchidometric and ultrasonographic measurements in patients with infertility

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2008年第2期10卷 319-324页

作者： Hideo sakamoto Yoshio Ogawa Hideki Yoshida Department of Urology Showa University School of Medicine Tokyo 142-8666 Japan

Aim： To evaluate the relationship between testicular function and testicular volume measured by using Prader orchidometry and ultrasonography （US） to determine the critical testicular volume indicating normal testicular function by each method. methods： Total testicular volume （right plus left testicular volume） was measured in 794 testes in 397 men with infertility （mean age, 35.6 years） using a Prader orchidometer and also by ultrasonography. Ultrasonographic testicular volumes were calculated as length x width x height x 0.71. To evaluate volume-function relationships, patients were divided into 10 groups representing 5-mL increments of total testicular volume by each method from below 10 mL to 50 mL or more. Results： mean total testicular volume based on Prader orchidometry and US were 36.8 mL and 26.3 mL, respectively. Semen volume, sperm density, total sperm count, total motile sperm count, and serum FSH, LH, and testosterone all correlated significantly with total testicular volume measured by either method. mean sperm density was in the oligozoospermic range in patients with total testicular volume below 35 mL by orchidometry or below 20 mL by ultrasonography. mean total sperm count was subnormal in patients with total testicular volume below 30 mL by orchidometry or under 20 mL by ultrasonography. Conclusion： Testicular volume measured by either ultrasonography or Prader orchidometry correlated significantly with testicular function. However, critical total testicular volume indicating normal or nearly normal testicular function was 30 mL to 35 mL using Prader orchidometer and 20 mL using ultrasonography. Prader orchidometry morphometrically and functionally overestimated the testicular volume in comparison to US. （Asian JAndro12008 mar; 10： 319-324）

关键词： orchidometer ultrasonography testicular volume testicular function

Essentials of Proteolytic machineries in Chloroplasts

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molecular Plant 2017年第1期10卷 4-19页

作者： Kenji Nishimura Yusuke Kato Wataru sakamoto Institute of Plant Science and Resources Okayama University 2-20-1 Chuo Kurashiki Okayama 710-0046 Japan

Plastids are unique organelles that can alter their structure and function in response to environmental and developmental stimuli. Chloroplasts are one type of plastid and are the sites for various metabolic pro- cesses, including photosynthesis. For optimal photosynthetic activity, the chloroplast proteome must be properly shaped and maintained through regulated proteolysis and protein quality control mechanisms. Enzymatic functions and activities are conferred by protein maturation processes involving consecutive proteolytic reactions. Protein abundances are optimized by the balanced protein synthesis and degrada- tion, which is depending on the metabolic status. malfunctioning proteins are promptly degraded. Twenty chloroplast proteolytic machineries have been characterized to date. Specifically, processing peptidases and energy-driven processive proteases are the major players in chloroplast proteome biogenesis, remod- eling, and maintenance. Recently identified putative proteases are potential regulators of photosynthetic functions. Here we provide an updated, comprehensive overview of chloroplast protein degradation ma- chineries and discuss their importance for photosynthesis. Wherever possible, we also provide structural insights into chloroplast proteases that implement regulated proteolysis of substrate proteins/peptides.

关键词： chloroplast biogenesis protease protein homeostasis

Theoretical analysis of nonlinear vibration characteristics of gear pair with shafts

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Theoretical & Applied mechanics Letters 2022年第2期12卷 85-91页

作者： Tatsuhito Aihara Kensho sakamoto Department of mechanical Engineering Faculty of Science and EngineeringHosei University3-7-2 KajinochoKoganei-shiTokyoJapan

The circumferential vibration of a gear pair is a parametric excitation caused by nonlinear tooth stiffness,which fluctuates with *** addition,the vibration characteristics of the gear pair become complicated owing to the tooth profile error and *** is considered that the circumferential vibration of the gear pair is affected by the torsional vibration of the *** is important to understand quantitatively the vibration characteristics of the gear system considering the ***,the purpose of this research was to clarify the nonlinear vibration characteristics of a gear pair considering the influence of the shafts using theoretical *** achieve this objective,calculations were performed using equations of motion in which the circumferential vibration of the gear pair and the torsional vibration of the shafts were *** nonlinear tooth stiffness was represented by a sine *** influence of tooth separation was considered by defining a nonlinear function using backlash and the tooth profile *** the numerical calculations,both stable and unstable periodic solutions were obtained by using the shooting *** effect of the shafts on the gear system vibration were clarified by comparing the results in the cases in which the shaft was not considered,one shaft was considered,and both shafts were considered.

关键词： Nonlinear Vibration Gear Chaos Shaft Tooth separation

Level-of-Detail Rendering of Large-Scale Irregular Volume Datasets Using Particles

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2010年第5期25卷 905-915页

作者： Takuma Kawamura Naohisa sakamoto Koji Koyamada member, IEEE Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto 6068501 Japan Center for the Promotion of Excellence in Higher Education Kyoto University Kyoto 6068501 Japan

This paper describes a level-of-detail rendering technique for large-scale irregular volume *** is well known that the memory bandwidth consumed by visibility sorting becomes the limiting factor when carrying out volume rendering of such *** develop a sorting-free volume rendering technique,we previously proposed a particle-based technique that generates opaque and emissive particles using a density function constant within an irregular volume cell and projects the particles onto an image plane with *** the density function changes significantly in an irregular volume cell,the cell boundary may become prominent,which can cause blocky *** the number of the sub-pixels increases,the required frame buffer tends to be *** solve this problem,this work proposes a new particle-based volume rendering which generates particles using metropolis sampling and renders the particles using the ensemble average. To confirm the effectiveness of this method,we applied our proposed technique to several irregular volume datasets,with the result that the ensemble average outperforms the sub-pixel average in computational complexity and memory usage. In addition,the ensemble average technique allowed us to implement a level of detail in the interactive rendering of a 71-million-cell hexahedral volume dataset and a 26-million-cell quadratic tetrahedral volume dataset.

关键词： large-scale irregular volume level-of-detail volume rendering of unstructured meshes

Quality of life in gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第21期11卷 3189-3196页

作者： Ad A.Kaptein Satoshi morita Junichi sakamoto Psychology Unit Leiden University medical Center (LUmC) LeidenThe Netherlands Department of Epidemiology and Health Care Research Kyoto University Graduate School of medicine KyotoJapan Department of Epidemiological and Clinical Research Information management Kyoto University Graduate School of medicine Kyoto Japan

AIm: To summarize the empirical research on assessing quality of life (QOL) in patients with gastric carcinoma. mETHODS: Literature searches were conducted in medLine from 1966 to February 2004. RESULTS: Twenty-six studies were identified. QOL was used as an outcome measure in virtually all identified studies, such as those examining the effects of gastric cancer and various medical or surgical treatments in the patients. QOL was assessed mainly with generic measures; the social dimensions of QOL were largely neglected. The lack of gastric cancer-specific QOL measures hampers QOL research up to now. The gastric cancer-specific EORTCQLQ-STO22 and the FACT-Ga are important additions to the arsenal of disease-specific QOL measures. In most of the studies, the label QOL is used for questionnaires, which only assess symptoms or performance status, or are physician-reported rather than patient-reported outcomes. CONCLUSION: QOL in patients with gastric cancer deserves more systematic studies, especially as one of the outcome measures in randomized clinical trials. Results of studies that include QOL in patients with gastric cancer should be applied in clinical care, which aims at improving QOL of these patients.

关键词： Quality of life Gastric cancer