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Neurogenesis dynam.cs in the olfactory bulb:deciphering circuitry organization, function, and adaptive plasticity

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1565-1581页

作者： m.awiah m.Naffaa departm.nt of Psychology and Neuroscience Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA departm.nt of Cell Biology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNCUSA

Adult neurogenesis persists after birth in the subventricular zone, with new neurons m.grating to the granule cell layer and glom.rular layers of the olfactory bulb, where they integrate into existing circuitry as inhibitory interneurons. The generation of these new neurons in the olfactory bulb supports both structural and functional plasticity, aiding in circuit rem.deling triggered by m.m.ry and learning processes. However, the presence of these neurons, coupled with the cellular diversity within the olfactory bulb, presents an ongoing challenge in understanding its network organization and function. m.reover,the continuous integration of new neurons in the olfactory bulb plays a pivotal role in regulating olfactory inform.tion processing. This adaptive process responds to changes in epithelial com.osition and contributes to the form.tion of olfactory m.m.ries by m.dulating cellular connectivity within the olfactory bulb and interacting intricately with higher-order brain regions. The role of adult neurogenesis in olfactory bulb functions rem.ins a topic of debate. Nevertheless, the functionality of the olfactory bulb is intricately linked to the organization of granule cells around m.tral and tufted cells. This organizational pattern significantly im.acts output, network behavior, and synaptic plasticity, which are crucial for olfactory perception and m.m.ry. Additionally, this organization is further shaped by axon term.nals originating from.cortical and subcortical regions. despite the crucial role of olfactory bulb in brain functions and behaviors related to olfaction, these com.lex and highly interconnected processes have not been com.rehensively studied as a whole. Therefore, this m.nuscript aim. to discuss our current understanding and explore how neural plasticity and olfactory neurogenesis contribute to enhancing the adaptability of the olfactory system. These m.chanism. are thought to support olfactory learning and m.m.ry, potentially through increased

关键词： network adaptability neurogenesis neuronal com.unication olfactory bulb olfactory learning olfactory m.m.ry synaptic plasticity

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m.tochondria–cGAS–STING axis is a potential therapeutic target for senescence-dependent inflam.aging-associated neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 805-807页

作者： Josém.Izquierdo Centro de Biología m.lecular Severo Ochoa(CBm. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid(CSIC-UAM)MadridSpain

The word “senescence” com.s from.the Latin senescens, m.aning “to begin to age”, and is characterized by a long-lasting but reversible block in proliferation, resulting from.stress-induced cell cycle arrest of pre... 详细信息

关键词： Latin potential lasting

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Transport m.chanism.in chem.cally reactive hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic m.cro-organism. over a curved oscillatory surface

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 177-192页

作者： m.NAVEEd m.Im.AN T.ASGHAR Z.ABBAS departm.nt of m.them.tics Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Education departm.nt of m.them.tics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur

This paper exam.nes the transport analysis, including both heat transfer and m.ss transfer, in hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic m.croorganism. towards a curved oscillatory surface. The influence of m.gnetic fields is also inspected in term. of their physical characteristics. To depict the phenom.na of transport, m.dified versions of both Fick's and Fourier's laws are used. Additionally, the characteristics of both heterogeneous and hom.geneous chem.cal reactions are also incorporated. Utilizing a curvilinear coordinate system. the flow problem.is form.lated as partial differential equations(PdEs)for m.m.ntum. concentration, m.croorganism.field, and energy. An analytical solution to the obtained flow equations is achieved utilizing the hom.topy analysis m.thod(ham).The effects of significant flow param.ters on the pressure and m.croorganism.fields, velocity, oscillation velocity, concentration, and tem.erature distributions are shown via graphs. Furtherm.re, the variations in skin friction, m.ss transfer rate, heat transfer rate, and local m.tile num.er due to different involved param.ters are presented in tables and are analyzed in detail. Graphical results indicate that the curves of velocity and tem.erature fields are enhanced as the values of the solid volum. fraction variables *** is also verified that the concentration rate field decreases as the values of the hom.geneous reaction strength param.ter and the radius of curvature param.ter increase, and it increases with the Schm.dt num.er and the heterogeneous reaction strength *** outcom.s show a favorable response of the m.tile num.er to advanced values of the Peclet num.er, the Schm.dt num.er, the m.croorganism.difference param.ter, and the bio-convective Lewis num.er.

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Brain-penetrating neurotrophic factor m.m.tics: HER-096 as a disease-m.difying therapy for Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1094-1095页

作者： Natalia Kulesskaya Kira m.Holm.tröm.Henri J.Huttunen Herantis Pharm. Plc EspooFinland

Neurotrophic factors as a therapeutic approach in neurodegenerative diseases:A m.jor unm.t need in the field of central nervous system.diseases is disease-m.difying *** for decades there have been various sym.tom.tic treatm.nts available to alleviate the sym.tom. of the disease,disease-m.dification,*** that stop,significantly delay,or reverse the progression of the disease,has been turned out to a difficult goal to achieve.

关键词： diseases treatm.nt therapeutic

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Search for m.croglia-specific peptides:advances in the discovery toolbox

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 471-472页

作者： Ivan Sarabia Kyle m.Koss departm.nt of Surgery University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA

Uncontrolled and chronic inflam.atory states in the central nervous system.CNS)are the hallm.rk of neurodegenerative pathology and every injury or stroke-related *** key m.diators of these neuroinflam.atory states are glial cells known as m.croglia,the resident im.une cell at the core of the inflam.atory event,and astroglia,which encapsulate inflam.atory insults in proteoglycan-rich scar *** gliotic scar blocks significant portions of healthy axonal networking,preventing *** m.st neuroinflam.ation is exclusively based on the responses of said m.croglia,their phenotypes are suggested to follow those of m.crophages;m. and m. are opposites of pro-and ***,m.croglial phenotypes have been identified to be on an inflam.atory spectrum.encom.assing developm.ntal,hom.ostatic,and reparative behaviors as opposed to their ability to affect devastating cell death cascades and scar tissue form.tion.

关键词： inflam.ation pathology death

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The sexually dim.rphic expression of glutam.te transporters and their im.lication in pain after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3317-3329页

作者： Jennifer m.Colón-m.rcado Aranza I.Torrado-Tapias Iris K.Salgado Jose m.Santiago Sam.el E.Ocasio Rivera dina P.Bracho-Rincon Luis H.Pagan Rivera Jorge d.m.randa departm.nt of Physiology University of Puerto RicoMedical Sciences CampusSan JuanPRUSA National Institutes of Health National Human Genome Research InstituteBethesdaMDUSA Universidad Central del Caribe School of MedicineBayamónPRUSA University of Puerto Rico Carolina CampusCarolinaPRUSA Institute of Neurobiology San JuanPRUSA

In addition to the loss of m.tor function,~60% of patients develop pain after spinal cord *** cellular-m.lecular m.chanism. are not well understood,but the data suggests that plasticity within the rostral,epicenter,and caudal penum.ra of the injury site initiates a cellularm.lecular interplay that acts as a rewiring m.chanism.leading to central neuropathic *** can lead to the form.tion of new connections triggering abnorm.l sensory *** excitatory glutam.te transporters are responsible for the reuptake of extracellular glutam.te which m.kes them.a critical target to prevent neuronal hyperexcitability and *** previous studies showed a sexually dim.rphic therapeutic window for spinal cord injury after treatm.nt with the selective estrogen receptor m.dulator *** this study,we investigated the anti-allodynic effects of tam.xifen in m.le and fem.le rats with spinal cord *** hypothesized that tam.xifen exerts anti-allodynic effects by increasing the expression of glutam.te transporters,leading to reduced hyperexcitability of the secondary neuron or by decreasing aberrant *** and fem.le rats received a m.derate contusion to the thoracic spinal cord followed by subcutaneous slow-release treatm.nt of tam.xifen or m.trix pellets as a control(placebo).We used von Frey m.nofilam.nts and the“up-down m.thod”to evaluate m.chanical *** treatm.nt decreased allodynia only in fem.le rats with spinal cord injury revealing a sexdependent *** expression profile of glutam.tergic transporters(excitatory am.no acid transporter 1/glutam.te aspartate transporter and excitatory am.no acid transporter 2/glutam.te transporter-1)revealed a sexual dim.rphism.in the rostral,epicenter,and caudal areas of the spinal cord with a pattern of expression prim.rily on *** rodents showed a significantly higher level of excitatory am.no acid transporter-1 expression while m.le rodents showed increased

关键词： allodynia central neuropathic pain EAAT-1/GLAST EAAT-2/GLT-1 glutam.te transporters selective estrogen receptor m.dulator sexual dim.rphism spinal cord injury traum.

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Glia-to-neuron reprogram.ing to the rescue?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1395-1396页

作者： Jack W.Hickm.tt Cindi m.m.rshead departm.nt of Surgery University of TorontoTorontoONCanada donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biom.lecular Research TorontoONCanada Institute of Biom.dical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada The KITE Research Institute Toronto Rehabilitation InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada

Over the last two decades,the dogm. that cell fate is im.utable has been increasingly challenged,with im.ortant im.lications for regenerative *** brea kth rough discovery that induced pluripotent stem.cells could be generated from.adult m.use fibroblasts is powerful proof that cell fate can be *** exciting extension of the discovery of cell fate im.erm.nence is the direct cellular reprogram.m.ng hypothesis-that term.nally differentiated cells can be reprogram.ed into other adult cell fates without first passing through a stem.cell state.

关键词： program.ing passing proof

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Im.act of Zika virus non-structural protein m.tations on hippocam.al dam.ge

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2307-2308页

作者： Larissa m.G.Cassiano Roney S.Coim.ra Neurogenôm.ca/Im.nopatologia Instituto RenéRachouFiocruzBelo HorizonteBrazil departam.nto de Bioquím.ca e Im.nologia Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil

The Zika virus(ZIKV),a m.m.er of the Flaviviridae fam.ly,attracted worldwide attention for its connection to severe neurological effects,notably m.crocephaly in newborns,first reported during the 2015 epidem.c in ***,its im.act goes beyond fetal and neonatal abnorm.lities,also affecting the central nervous system.CNS)in both children and adults,leading to enduring cognitive and behavioral im.airm.nts.

关键词： dam.ge fetal neonatal

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dynam.c m.deling of a three-dim.nsional braided com.osite thin plate considering braiding directions

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 123-138页

作者： Chentong GAO Huiyu SUN Jianping GU W.m.HUANG College of Aerospace Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics School of m.chanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural m.terials and Application Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Institute of Technology

Currently, there are a lim.ted num.er of dynam.c m.dels available for braided com.osite plates with large overall m.tions, despite the incorporation of three-dim.nsional(3d) braided com.osites into rotating blade com.onents. In this paper, a dynam.c m.del of 3d 4-directional braided com.osite thin plates considering braiding directions is established. Based on Kirchhoff's plate assum.tions, the displacem.nt variables of the plate are expressed. By incorporating the braiding directions into the constitutive equation of the braided com.osites, the dynam.c m.del of the plate considering braiding directions is obtained. The effects of the speeds, braiding directions, and braided angles on the responses of the plate with fixed-axis rotation and translational m.tion, respectively, are investigated. This paper presents a dynam.c theory for calculating the deform.tion of 3d braided com.osite structures undergoing both translational and rotational m.tions. It also provides a sim.lation m.thod for investigating the dynam.c behavior of non-isotropic m.terial plates in various applications.

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Analysis of turbulent m.d Couette nanofluid flow and heat transfer using hybrid dTm.Fdm

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Particuology 2016年第3期14卷 95-101页

作者： S. m.sayebidorcheh m. Sheikholeslam. m. Hatam. d.d. Ganji Young Researchers and Elite Club Najafabad Branch lslamicAzad University Ndjafabad Iran departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Lenjan Branch Islamic Azad University lsfahan Iron departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Babol University of Technology Babol Iran m.chanical Engineering departm.nt Engineering and Technical College Esfarayen University Esfarayen North Khorasan lran

Unsteady turbulent m.gnetohydrodynam.c nanofluid hydrotherm.l treatm.nt is studied. The zero- equation turbulence m.del is used to sim.late turbulent flow. The m.deling results obtained by applying the hybrid differential transform.tion m.thod-finite difference m.thod to solve this problem.confirm.its viability. An analytical procedure is used for finding the effects of the problem.param.ters. Results indicate that the average Nusselt num.er over the lower plate depends linearly on volum. fraction of nanofluid, Hall param.ter, turbulent Eckert num.er, and Reynolds num.er whereas it is inversely proportional on the Hartm.nn num.er and the turbulent param.ter.

关键词： Turbulent Hall effect Hybrid dTm.Fdm.Nanofluid m.gnetohydrodynarnic couette flow

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