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Ancient dNA of the pygmy marmoset type specimen Cebuella pygmaea(Spix,1823)resolves a taxonomic conundrum

Zoological Research 2021年第6期42卷 761-771页

作者： Jean P.Boubli mareike C.Janiak Leila m.Porter Stella de la Torre Liliana Cortes-Ortiz maria N.Fda Silva Anthony B.Rylands Stephen Nash Fabricio Bertuol Hazel Byrne Felipe E.Silva Fabio Rohe dorien de Vries Robin m.d.Beck Irune Ruiz-Gartzia Lukas F.K.Kuderna Tomas marques-Bonet Tomas Hrbek Izeni P.Farias Anneke Hvan Heteren Christian Roos School of Science Engineering&EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordSalford M54WTUK Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia ManausAmazonas 69060-001Brazil department of Anthropology Northern Illinois UniversityDeKalbIL 60115-2828USA College of Biological and Environmental Sciences Universidad San Francisco de QuitoQuito 170901Ecuador department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Re:wild AustinTX 78767USA Laboratorio de Evolução e Genética Animal Universidade Federal do AmazonasManausAmazonas 69080-900Brazil department of Anthropology University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA Research Group on Primate Biology and Conservation MamirauaInstitute for Sustainable DevelopmentTeféAmazonas 69553-225Brazil Experimental and Health Sciences department(dCEXS) Institut de Biologia EvolutivaUniversitat Pompeu Fabra-CSICBarcelona 08002Spain department of Biology Trinity UniversitySan AntonioTX 78212USA Bavarian State Collection of Zoology Zoologische Staatssammlung MünchenStaatliche Naturkundliche Sammlungen Bayerns81247 MunichGermany GeoBio-Center Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat München80333 MunichGermany department Biologie II Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat München82152 MunichGermany Gene Bank of Primates and Primate Genetics Laboratory German Primate CenterLeibniz Institute for Primate Research37077 GottingenGermany

The pygmy marmoset,the smallest of the anthropoid primates,has a broad distribution in Western *** studies using molecular and morphological data have identified two distinct species separated by the Napo and Solimoes-Amazonas ***,reconciling this new biological evidence with current taxonomy,i.e.,two subspecies,Cebuella pygmaea pygmaea(Spix,1823)and Cebuella pygmaea niveiventris(Lönnberg,1940),was problematic given the uncertainty as to whether Spix’s pygmy marmoset(Cebuella pygmaea pygmaea)was collected north or south of the Napo and Solimoes-Amazonas rivers,making it unclear to which of the two newly revealed species the name pygmaea would ***,we present the first molecular data from Spix’s type specimen of Cebuella pygmaea,as well as novel mitochondrial genomes from modern pygmy marmosets sampled near the type locality(Tabatinga)on both sides of the *** these data,we can confirm the correct names of the two species identified,i.e.,*** for animals north of the Napo and Solimoes-Amazonas rivers and *** for animals south of these two *** analyses of the novel genetic data placed into the context of cytochrome b gene sequences from across the range of pygmy marmosets further led us to reevaluate the geographical distribution for the two Cebuella *** dated the split of these two species to 2.54 million years *** discuss additional,more recent,subdivisions within each lineage,as well as potential contact zones between the two species in the headwaters of these rivers.

关键词： Historic dNA dNA taxonomy Pygmy marmoset Cebuella pygmaea C.niveiventris Amazon Type specimen

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Land Use Land Cover dynamics of Upper Benue River Basin, Nigeria

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2023年第3期11卷 123-137页

作者： ma’aku mark Joshua E. d. Oruonye A. A. Zemba m. B. Yusuf department of Geography Taraba State University ATC Jalingo Taraba State Nigeria department of Geography Modibbo Adama University Yola Adamawa State Nigeria

This study examined land use land cover (LULC) dynamics in Upper Benue River Basin, Nigeria. The study makes use of primary and secondary data. Landsat Imageries for the years 1981, 2001 and 2021 were used in the study. Supervised approach with maximum likelihood classifier was adopted for the classification and generation of LULC maps. markov Cellular Automata model was used to predict the status of LULC of the catchment for year 2070. The findings of the study reveal remarkable changes in the land use land cover of the Upper Benue River Basin. The land cover has witnessed downward trend in the percentage area covered by vegetation and bare surface resulting in 15.4% and 2.6% losses respectively. The result of the findings reveals that the built-up area and rock outcrop has shown significant gains of 15.2% and 2.9% of the study area respectively. Water body has been stable with 0% change, though, it witnessed a marginal decline in 2001. The land use land cover change observed in the Upper Benue River Basin was as a result of anthropogenic factors characterized by deforestation, expansion of agricultural lands, overgrazing among others. Based on the findings, the study recommended controlled grazing activity, deforestation and indiscriminate fuelwood exploitation and improved agronomic practices in the basin.

关键词： Anthropogenic drainage Basin Land Use Change Landsat Imageries & River Benue

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Are EPB41 and alpha-synuclein diagnostic biomarkers of sport-related concussion?Findings from the NCAA and department of defense CARE Consortium

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第3期12卷 379-387页

作者： Rany Vorn Christina devoto Timothy B.meier Chen Lai Sijung Yun Steven P.Broglio Sara mithani Thomas W.mcAllister Christopher C.Giza Hyung-Suk Kim daniel Huber Jaroslaw Harezlak Kenneth L.Cameron Gerald mcGinty Jonathan Jackson Kevin m.Guskiewicz Jason P.mihalik Alison Brooks Stefan duma Steven Rowson Lindsay d.Nelson Paul Pasquina michael A.mcCrea Jessica m.Gill the CARE Consortium Investigators Johns Hopkins School of Nursing and medicine BaltimoreMD 21205USA National Institutes of Health BethesdaMD 20892USA department of Neurosurgery Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226USA Predictiv Care Inc.Mountain ViewCA 94086USA michigan Concussion Center University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA department of Psychiatry Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA departments of Pediatrics and Neurosurgery University of California at Los Angeles(UCLA)Los AngelesCA 90024USA department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health–Bloomington Indiana UniversityBloomingtonIN 47405USA John A.Feagin Sports medicine Fellowship Keller Army Community HospitalWest PointNY 10996USA United States Air Force Academy Colorado SpringsCO 80840USA mathew Gfeller Center Department of Exercise and Sport ScienceUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27514USA department of Orthopedics Division of Sports MedicineSchool of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705USA department of Biomedical Engineering and mechanics Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA Center for Neuroscience&Regenerative medicine Uniformed Services UniversityBethesdaMD 20814USA 不详 Current affiliation:School of Nursing University of Texas Health Science Center San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78229USA

Background:Current protein biomarkers are only moderately predictive at identifying individuals with mild traumatic brain injury or ***,more accurate diagnostic markers are needed for sport-related ***:This was a multicenter,prospective,case-control study of athletes who provided blood samples and were diagnosed with a concussion or were a matched non-concussed control within the National Collegiate Athletic Association-department of defense Concussion Assessment,Research,and Education Consortium conducted between 2015 and *** blood was collected within 48 h of injury to identify protein abnormalities at the acute and subacute *** with concussion were divided into 6 h post-injury(0-6 h post-injury)and after 6 h postinjury(7-48 h post-injury)*** applied a highly multiplexed proteomic technique that used a dNA aptamers assay to target 1305proteins in plasma samples from athletes with and without sport-related ***:A total of 140 athletes with concussion(79.3%males;aged 18.71±1.10 years,mean±Sd)and 21 non-concussed athletes(76.2%males;19.14±1.10 years)were included in this *** identified 338 plasma proteins that significantly differed in abundance(319 upregulated and 19 downregulated)in concussed athletes compared to non-concussed *** top 20 most differentially abundant proteins discriminated concussed athletes from non-concussed athletes with an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.954(95%confidence interval:0.922-0.986).Specifically,after 6 h of injury,the individual AUC of plasma erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1(EPB41)and alpha-synuclein(SNCA)were 0.956 and 0.875,*** combination of EPB41 and SNCA provided the best AUC(1.000),which suggests this combination of candidate plasma biomarkers is the best for diagnosing concussion in athletes after 6 h of ***:Our data suggest that proteomic profiling may provide novel diagnostic protein markers and that a combina

关键词： Biomarkers College athletes Concussion mild traumatic brain injury Sport injury

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Occurrence of <i>Fusarium</i>species and associated T2-toxin in Kenyan wheat

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Agricultural Sciences 2012年第1期3卷 24-34页

作者： James W. muthomi Scholastica L. musyimi John m. Wagacha Rama d. Narla department of Biological Sciences University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya department of Plant Science and Crop Protection University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya ministry of Agriculture Nairobi Kenya

Survey covering 120 wheat fields was conducted in three wheat-growing districts of Kenya during the 2008 cropping season to determine the incidence of Fusarium head blight (FHB) and T2-toxin contamination in grain. FHB incidence was determined as the number of blighted ears per 10m2. Information gathered included wheat production practices, rainfall and temperature data. Fungal pathogens were isolated from wheat stems, heads, straw, grains and soil and identified based on cultural and morphological characteristics. Wheat grain samples were analyzed for T2-toxin by competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). High FHB incidences of up to 88% were recorded. Fungal genera isolated included Fusarium, Epicoccum, Trichoderma, Alternaria and Penicilium. Wheat plant parts with high infection with Alternaria and Epicoccum had corresponding low levels of Fusarium spp. Whereas Fusarium spp. were the most common fungal pathogens in stems, heads and soil, Epicoccum was frequently isolated from straw and grains. Fusarium speciesisolated included F. poae, F. graminearum, F. stilboides, F. verticilloides, F. fusarioides, F. tricinctum and F. heterosporum with F. poae and F. graminearum accounting for approximately 40% of all Fusarium infections. T-2 toxin was detected in all the grain samples and varied from 3 to 22 ppb. The study showed that FHB and T2-toxin are prevalent in the study districts and the high diversity of Fusarium species implies a challenge in FHB management as well as a risk of chronic T2-toxin exposure to humans and livestock.

关键词： Fusarium Head Blight mycotoxins T-2 Toxin Trichothecenes Wheat

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Bone mineral “Quality”: differing Characteristics of Calcified microsphere Populations at the Osteoporotic and Osteoarthritic Femoral Articulation Front

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2014年第9期7卷 739-755页

作者： Kathryn m. Linton Lesley d. Hordon Roger C. Shore Jean E. Aaron Institute of membrane and Systems Biology Faculty of Biological Sciences University of Leeds Leeds UK Oral Biology department Leeds Dental Institute University of Leeds Leeds UK

The mineral front consists of large populations of organically enshrouded calcified microspheres (filamentous clusters) about 1 micron in diameter and associated smaller numbers of variably dense nanospheres, 30 - 40 nm in diameter. The discrete objects persist and modulate in maturity, and may constitute a variable “qualitative” factor in the skeletal inorganic phase, exemplified by the biomechanically contrasting pathologies of osteoporosis (OP;fracture, low stress condition) and osteoarthritis (OA;non fracture, high stress condition). The aim was to compare the articulation front material for morphological and trace element diversity using fresh female femoral head discards (from dewsbury district Hospital NHS mid-Yorkshire Trust). These were prepared for histology of the cartilage/bone interface region by immersion in hydrazine hydrate to expose the anorganic mineral topography for microscopy and FEGSEm microanalysis. 1) mineral microsphere morphology (compared to animals as arbitrary controls) suggested that calcified microspheres from OP (n = 19) tended to be small (0.5 - 0.7 microns), smooth and compacted;those from OA (n = 19) were large (0.5 - 4.0 microns), uneven and irregularly dispersed. Respective calcified nanospheres from OP were similarly smaller (30 - 50 nm) than those from OA (>100 nm). In subchondral bone a proportion of the filamentous microspheres had fused into a fine-textured phase in OP and a coarse-textured phase in OA. 2) Trace element analysis (compared to positive porcine Si and mg and other peaks) suggested a diminution with mineral maturity, and also with age effecting OP and OA similarly, with minor differences detected between them. It was concluded that calcified objects constituting the inorganic phase vary regionally with age and in fracture and nonfracture, being diminished in size (not number) in weak OP and enlarged (compared to porcine control) in stronger OA, with Si or mg “doping” diminishing with time, perhaps influencing th

关键词： Bone mineral Quality Calcified microspheres Si mg Trace Elements Osteoporosis Osteoarthritis

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Lung SBRT through Radiobiology

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International Journal of medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2016年第1期5卷 78-87页

作者： Aime m. Gloi St. Vincent Hospital Green Bay USA

Purpose: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has emerged as a standard treatment modality for medically inoperable early-stage lung cancer patients. The aim of this paper is to calculate radiobiological parameters for a sample of 39 patients who underwent lung SBRT. materials and methods: For SBRT, a typical regimen of 50 Gy in 4 - 5 fractions results in local tumor control rates around 99.9%. We calculate dose volume histograms (dVHs) of targeted tumors and organs at risk for 39 patients. All patients received 4d imaging, and their internal treatment volumes (ITVs) were created by phase-based sorting of multiple CT datasets. Planning target volume (PTV) diameters ranged from 2.0 to 5.7 cm. The dVHs for the PTV and organs at risk were analyzed using a Biosuite algorithm to calculate the equivalent uniform dose (EUd), tumor control probability (TCP) via a Poisson model, and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) via an LKB model. The radiobiological effects were analyzed by correlating EUd and TCP with PTV volumes. Results: The mean PTV volume was 31.60 ± 25.55 cc. The mean EUds were 5.19 ± 2.84, 5.66 ± 4.95, 61.45 ± 29.18, 3.31 ± 5.92, 6.45 ± 5.18, and 12.22 ± 5.94 Gy for lungs, spinal cord, chest/ribs, heart, esophagus, and skin, respectively. On average, the heart had the lowest EUd and the chest/ribs had the highest (61.45 ± 29.18 Gy). The mean NTCPs were estimated at 3.75% ± 2.61%, 36.25% ± 36.42%, and 0.59% ± 1.48%, for the lungs, chest and esophagus, respectively. The NTCPs of spinal cord, heart, and skin were 0.00%. The mean TCP value was 99.72% ± 0.44%. The mean BEd value for our study was 109.49 Gy. Conclusions: We have calculated radiobiological predictors based on dVHs for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer via SBRT. Our calculated predictors are compatible with previously published SBRT reports.

关键词： BEd EUd NSCLC NTCP TCP SBRT

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蜜蜂传粉对美国农业的价值

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蜜蜂杂志 1985年第2期 3-4页

作者： m.d.Levin 孟斌

蜜蜂传粉活动的价值大于它们产生蜂蜜及蜂蜡价值的143倍(189亿美元比1.4亿美元)。浆果和坚果,种子和纤维,农产品均需要蜜蜂传粉或部分间接依靠蜜蜂传粉的农产品及其传粉价值列于表中(美国农业部提供,1981)。

关键词：蜜蜂蜂蜡农产品蜜蜂属黄蜡虫蜡养蜂者蜂蜜蜂产品种子繁殖器官美国农业部昆虫传粉养蜂业蜂业

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Empirical Neutron Cross Section Formulae for (n, p) and (n, d) Reactions of He-3 Target

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Journal of Applied mathematics and Physics 2021年第7期9卷 1434-1441页

作者： Amir m. Alramady King Abdulaziz University Jeddah KSA

In this work, new cross section formulae for (n, p) and (n, d) reactions of He-3 have been investigated as a function of incident neutron energy. The new Empirical formulae were produced by using the least squares method to the experimental cross sections data, which were taken from Experimental Nuclear Reaction data EXFOR database Version of 2021. Several functions were examined to choose the best one that fits the data. Statistical hypothesis testing was used to insure how well the suggested equations fit the set of data. Two statistical indicators were used for each case for goodness-of-fit. Very high compatibility was found between the empirical values and the experimental data for both reactions.

关键词： Empirical Cross Section Formula (n p) Reaction (n p) Reaction and Goodness-of-Fit

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混沌理论之父——1983年Crafoord奖获得者洛伦茨教授成就解读

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中国科学：地球科学 2015年第1期45卷 1-7页

作者：罗德海穆穆中国科学院大气物理研究所北京100029 中国科学院海洋研究所青岛266071

爱德华·洛伦茨(Edward ***)生前是美国麻省理工学院气象学教授,他于1963年发表在Journal of the Atmospheric Science上的论文"deterministic nonperiodic flow",被誉为混沌理论研究的里程碑和开山之作,这一研究引发了自然科学的一场革... 详细信息

爱德华·洛伦茨(Edward ***)生前是美国麻省理工学院气象学教授,他于1963年发表在Journal of the Atmospheric Science上的论文"deterministic nonperiodic flow",被誉为混沌理论研究的里程碑和开山之作,这一研究引发了自然科学的一场革命.该论文发表后的十年里几乎没有人关注和引用,但在随后几十年里却引起人们的广泛注意.除此之外,洛伦茨在大气科学的多个方面都做出了奠基性的贡献.由于洛伦茨在对地球流体动力学特别是大尺度大气运动的深刻理解方面的奠基性的贡献(Crafoord奖颁奖词),他于1983年获得首批地球科学Crafoord奖.本文简要介绍洛伦茨教授的生平、学习与科研工作经历、发表论文情况以及所取得的成就,希望从中得到一些对中国科学家有用的启示和感悟.

关键词： Crafoord奖洛伦茨教授混沌理论之父

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开博通(Captopril)抑制血管紧张素转换酶与促进前列腺素的生物合成

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医药导报 1990年第1期9卷 11-12页

作者： Randall m Zusman m.d. 陈鸣

最初发现血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)抑制剂有减少血管紧张素Ⅱ对周围血管阻力的作用,从而降低了高血压病人的血压,这种抗高血压能力被认为是由于降低了血管紧张素Ⅱ的周围血管收缩作用及减少了刺激肾上腺醛固酮的生物合成,使肾钠重吸收和容... 详细信息

最初发现血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)抑制剂有减少血管紧张素Ⅱ对周围血管阻力的作用,从而降低了高血压病人的血压,这种抗高血压能力被认为是由于降低了血管紧张素Ⅱ的周围血管收缩作用及减少了刺激肾上腺醛固酮的生物合成,使肾钠重吸收和容量扩张减少,随后又认为转换酶也可将缓激肽代谢成灭活产物。

关键词： Captopril 前列腺素开博通生物合成血管紧张素Ⅱ 血管收缩作用肾素心脏保护作用前列环素高血压模型

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