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Optimization of assembly line balancing using genetic algorithm

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Journal of Central South University 2015年第10期22卷 3957-3969页

作者： n.Barathwaj P.raja S.Gokulraj School of mechanical Engineering SASTRA University Rane (madras) Ltd. Deputy Manager (Manufacturing Engineering System Design Department)

In a manufacturing industry, mixed model assembly line(mmAL) is preferred in order to meet the variety in product demand. mmAL balancing helps in assembling products with similar characteristics in a random fashion. The objective of this work aims in reducing the number of workstations, work load index between stations and within each station. As manual contribution of workers in final assembly line is more, ergonomics is taken as an additional objective function. Ergonomic risk level of a workstation is evaluated using a parameter called accumulated risk posture(ARP), which is calculated using rapid upper limb assessment(RULA) check sheet. This work is based on the case study of an mmAL problem in Rane(madras) Ltd.(India), in which a problem based genetic algorithm(GA) has been proposed to minimize the mentioned objectives. The working of the genetic operators such as selection, crossover and mutation has been modified with respect to the addressed mmAL problem. The results show that there is a significant impact over productivity and the process time of the final assembled product, i.e., the rate of production is increased by 39.5% and the assembly time for one particular model is reduced to 13 min from existing 18 min. Also, the space required using the proposed assembly line is only 200 m2 against existing 350 m2. Further, the algorithm helps in reducing workers fatigue(i.e., ergonomic friendly).

关键词：混流装配线遗传算法平衡优化人体工程学产品需求加工时间装配线平衡产品特性

On the Selection of a Composite material for Two-Wheeler Foot Bracket Failure Prevention through Simulation and mathematical modeling

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Fluid Dynamics & materials Processing 2022年第3期18卷 521-536页

作者： S.m.Sivagami A.Bovas Herbert Bejaxhin R.Gayathri T.raja Vijay K.Punitharani P.Keerthi Vasan m.meignanamoorthy Department of mechanical Engineering Alagappa Chettiar Government College of Engineering and TechnologyKaraikudiTamilnadu630003India Department of mechanical Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSIMATSThandalamChennaiTamilnadu602105India Department of mechanical Engineering PSG College of TechnologyCoimbatoreTamilnadu641004India Department of mechanical Engineering K.Ramakrishnan College of EngineeringTiruchirappalliTamilnadu621112India

A foot bracket is a metal panel bracket used to mount and support the footrest in two-wheeler *** holds the footrest in place while rigidly supporting *** working conditions,this element has often been observed to fail when specific load-fluctuation conditions are established at its rear *** materials therefore need to be identified to overcome such a recurring *** address these issues,the present study has been implemented with the specific objective to determine the response of selected Al6061-T6 and Al7075-T6 Hybrid metal matrix Composites(HmmC).The results,obtained using the AnSYS Software,show that the selected composites can withstand 636,962 n/m^(2)of maximum stress and 8.88×10^(−6)m of minimum *** results are also compared with relevant mathematical models and it is concluded that the identified material combination provides the required improvement of structural stability that can withstand the load fluctuation on the foot bracket.

关键词： Foot bracket Al6061-T6 alloy CREO AnSYS stress displacement

Threshold Chloride Concentration for Passivity Breakdown of mg-Zn-Gd-nd-Zr Alloy (EV31A) in Basic Solution

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Acta metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第4期30卷 352-366页

作者： Jakraphan ninlachart Krishnan S. raja Chemical and materials Engineering University of IdahoMoscow ID 83844-1021 USA

mg-Zn-Gd-nd-Zr alloy （EV31A） is a heat-treatable magnesium （mg） cast alloy that can be used up to 200 ℃ for automobile and aerospace applications. This alloy has excellent mechanical properties （ultimate tensile strength： 280 mPa at room temperature, and -230 mPa at 200 ℃） and improved corrosion resistance. Electrochemical corrosion studies were conducted on this alloy under different heat treatment conditions in 0.1 m naOH solution with the addition of 0-1000 ppm of chloride. The alloy showed excellent passivity in the 0.1 m naOH solution. The passive potential range typically extended to more than 1.2 VAg/AgCl. The transpassive potential was observed to be dependent on heat treatment condition of the alloy. more than 80 ppm of chloride was required to induce passivity breakdown in any heat treatment condition. Peak aging at 200 ℃ for 16 h imparted better resistance for localized corrosion than other heat-treated con- ditions. The alloy in the as-received condition showed the highest passivation kinetics due to its smaller grain size that possibly increased the diffusion of reactive elements to form protective oxide. The passive film of the EV31A alloy showed n-type semiconductivity with a charge carrier density of - 2 × 10^21 cm^- 3 with no chloride addition. The charge carrier density increased with chloride addition in the electrolyte which could be correlated with the susceptibility to localized corrosion.

关键词： magnesium alloy Corrosion Passivation Chloride

Plasmon-Enhanced Upconversion Fluorescence in Er^(3+):Ag Phosphate Glass:the Effect of Heat Treatment

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Chinese Physics Letters 2013年第2期30卷 182-185页

作者： raja J.am.ad m.R.Sahar S.K.Ghoshal m.R.Dousti S.Riaz A.R.Samavati m.n.A Jamaludin S.naseem advanced Optical material Research Group Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 SkudaiJohorMalaysia Centre for Solid State Physics University of the PunjabQACLahore-54590Pakistan

The melt quenching method is used to prepare erbium-doped silver nanoparticle(nP)embedded phosphate *** effect of annealing on the glass on the formation of silver nPs produced by the reduction of silver(Ag^(+)→Ag^(o))is *** glass samples are characterized by x-ray diffraction,UV-vis-nIR absorption,photoluminescence spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy(TEm)*** absorption spectra reveal not only the peaks due to Er^(3+)ions,but also the surface plasmon resonance band of silver nPs located around~442 *** TEm imaging shows the homogeneous distribution of silver nPs of almost spherical shape with an average diameter of~5 *** luminescence spectra show two major emissions at 550 and 638 nm,originating from the 4S_(3/2)and 4F_(9/2)energy levels of the Er^(3+)ions,*** enhancement in the luminescence intensity of both the green and red bands is found to be due to the effective local field of the silver nPs as well as the energy transfer from the nanoclusters,comprised of centers with silver ions bound to silver atoms in dimers or trimers to Er^(3+)ions,whereas quenching occurred due to the energy transfer from erbium ions to silver nPs(Er^(^(3^(+)))→Ag^(o)).

关键词： silver quenching luminescence

Hybrid plasmonic label-free multi-analyte refractive index sensor

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Optoelectronics Letters 2019年第4期15卷 269-272页

作者： Kishore K.R. Utkarsh Singh Ayyanar n. Thavasi raja G. Sanathanan m. S. national Institute of Technology Trichy 620015 Tamil Nadu India nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore

We propose a label-free refractive index sensor based on hybrid plasmonic resonator which consists of silver split-ring resonator and photonic waveguide. The finite difference time domain evaluation of the design exhibit strong field confinement at the center of the ring and introduces tunable and sensitive notches in the transmission spectrum. The planar tunable architecture which performs well over the range of micro fluid detection, holds the promise of developing multi-analyte label-free biosensors and compactness towards a complete on-chip integrated sensing system. The performance of the proposed refractive index sensor is evaluated by placing different analytes such as saline water and ethanol at the center of the hybrid plasmonic ring which exhibits sensitivity of 847.50 nm·RIU-1 with a figure of merit of 563.25 RIU-1.

关键词： silver split-ring resonator photonic waveguide index sensor

Environmentally assisted cracking behavior of U-bend specimens of mg-RE alloys in chloride containing basic solution

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2020年第3期8卷 731-751页

作者： Jakraphan ninlachart nikunja Shrestha Krishnan S.raja Department of marine Engineering Academic BranchRoyal Thai Naval AcademySamut Prakan 10270Thailand Chemical and materials Engineering University of IdahoMoscowID 83844-1021USA

Environmentally assisted cracking(EAC)behavior of two mg-rare earth(RE)alloys such as mg-Zn-Gd-nd-Zr(EV31A)and mg-Y-nd(WE43C)alloys was investigated by using U-bend *** circuit potentials(OCP)of the U-bend specimens were monitored during the EAC tests in 0.1 m naOH solution with different chloride concentrations at room ***31A(as-received,and peak aged)and WE43C(peak aged)specimens failed by SCC in 80 ppm chloride containing 0.1 m naOH solution at *** the EAC initiation occurred,the OCP decreased *** fluctuations of the OCP were observed in the absence of *** OCP versus time profile could be used for monitoring EAC failure of the mg-RE alloy components in real life *** potentials did not cause cracking of the EV31A alloy in 80 ppm Cl-containing 0.1 m *** cracking was observed on the WE43C alloy in peak-aged condition under the applied potentials in the transpassive region when compared to that of OCP *** decreased the susceptibility to cracking.

关键词： magnesium rare earth(mg-RE)alloy Stress corrosion cracking Hydrogen assisted cracking Localized corrosion

River mouth dynamics of Swarnamukhi estuary,nellore coast,southeast coast of India

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2016年第6期7卷 387-395页

作者： G.Sreeniuasulu n.Jayaraju B.C.Sundara raja Reddy T.Lakshmi Prasad B.Lakshmanna K.nagalakshmi m.Prashantha Department of Geology Yogi Vemana UniuersityKadapaA.P.India Department of Geology Sri Venkateswara UniversityTirupatiA.P.India Department of Earth Sciences Yogi Vemana UniversityKadapaA.P.India School of Sciences Indira Gandhi National Open UniversityNew DelhiIndia

Swarnamukhi is an east flowing river having a total length of 130 km. This is an inde- pendent river which rises at an elevation of 300 m in the eastern Ghats ranges near Pakala village in Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh, India. This study was carried out using multitemporal satellite images of IRS P6 LISS-III and Landsat 80LUTIRS data from 2011 to 2015. The subsequent short term river mouth dynamics, coastal erosion and accretion rates have been calculated for the years between 2011 and 2015. Low river inflow, wind, tides, movement of the waves and littoral currents play a key role in the dynamic activities of erosion and accretion. The erosion rate from 2011 to 2015 was slightly decreased from 0.081 to 0.027 km2. The total net rate of accretion was estimated at 0.438 km2. The study shows during last five years （2011-2015） accretion is more than the erosion. High fluctu- ation of erosion and accretion are characteristics for the short term scale at river mouth.

关键词： River mouth dynamicsErosion and accretionSwamamukhi estuary

Complex Regional Pain Syndromes （CRPS 1;Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy , RSD） An update of a challenging disease

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Complex Regional Pain Syndromes （CRPS 1;Reflex Sympathetic ...

medicinal Plant Using Ground State Stabilization of natural Antioxidant Curcumin by Keto-Enol Tautomerisation

中华医学会疼痛学分会第六届年会

作者： Srinivasa n.raja (Chief Division of Pain medicine Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care MedicineJohns Hopkins Medical Institutions.BaltimoreMD 21287U.S.A.)M.D.

＜正＞Objectives : To discuss: 1 ) The terminology and clinical presentation of CRPS;2 ) The diagnostic criteria originally recommended by the International Association for the Study of Pain （ IASP） and its more recent modifications;3 ) The general treatment strategy for the management of patients with CRPS, and 4) The role of diagnostic and therapeutic nerve blocks, including sympathetic ganglion blocks and spinal cord stimulation in the management of CRPS. Terminology: In recent years, the traditional concept of the involvement of the sympathetic nervous system in

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来源： cnki会议评论

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natural Products and Bioprospecting 2018年第5期8卷 369-390页

作者： S.manimaran K.Sambath Kumar R.Gayathri K.raja n.Rajkamal m.Venkatachalapathy G.Ravichandran C.Lourdu EdisonRaj P.G&Research Department of Physics Thanthai Hans Roever College(Autonomous)PerambalurTamil Nadu 621220India Post Graduate and Research Department of Physics (NANO Science Divisions)A.A.Govt.Arts CollegeVillupuramTamil Nadu 605602India Post Graduate and Research Department of Physics Cauvery College for WomenTiruchirappalliTamil NaduIndia Post Graduate and Research Department of Physics Dr.R.K.Shanmugam College of Arts&ScienceKallakurichiTamil Nadu 606213India Post Graduate and Research Department of Physics Thiru.A.Govindasamy Govt Arts CollegeTindivanamTamil Nadu 604002India Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry A.A.Govt.Arts CollegeVillupuramTamil Nadu 605602India

Curcumin is a medicinal agent that exhibits anti-cancer properties and bioactive pigment in Turmeric has a huge thera-peutic *** has a keto-enol moiety that gives rise to many of its chemical properties.A recent study has shown thatketo-enol tautomerisation at this moiety is implicated the effect of *** tautomerisation of curcumin in *** and acetonitrile are used in nuclear magnetic resonance(^(1)H,^(13)C)*** was characterized using UV,IRand Raman spectral *** molecular electrostatic potential surface of the Curcumin has been visualized in elec-tropositive potential in the region of the CH^(3+) group and most electronegative potential in the two oxygen atom has verystrong binding *** the following,the modality of structural and thermo dynamical parameters,electrophilicity(ω).chemical potential(μ),chemical hardness(η) and electronic charge transfer confirms the local *** rate constantof tautomerisation of curcumin shows strong temperature *** electrostatic potential and Temperature dependence of various thermodynamic properties like(C^(0)_(p,m),S^(0)_(m),and H^(0)_(m))is increase with increase in temperature formonomer and dimer of various electrical fields.

关键词： Curcumin nmR.Uv HOmO-LUmO.mEP