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Design and Economic Evaluation of Grid-Connected PV Water Pumping Systems for Various Head Locations

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Energy Engineering 2025年第2期122卷 561-576页

作者： moien A.omar Electrical Engineering Department An-Najah National UniversityNablusP400Palestine

This research investigates the design and optimization of a photovoltaic(PV)water pumping system to address seasonal water demands across five locations with varying elevation *** systemdraws water froma deep well with a static water level of 30mand a dynamic level of 50m,serving agricultural and livestock *** objective of this study is to accurately size a PV system that balances energy generation and demand while minimizing grid ***,the study presents a comprehensivemethodology to calculate flowrates,pumping power,daily energy consumption,and system ***,the PV system rating,energy output,and economic performance were evaluated using metrics such as discounted payback period(DPP),net present value(NPV),and sensitivity *** results show that a 2.74 kWp PV system is optimal,producing 4767 kWh/year to meet the system’s annual energy demand of 4686 *** summer,energy demand peaks at 1532.7 kWh,while in winter,it drops to 692.1 ***,flow rates range from 11.71 m3/h at 57 m head to 10.49 m^(3)/h at 70 m head,demonstrating the system’s adaptability to diverse hydraulic *** analysis reveals that at a 5%interest rate and an electricity price of$0.15/kWh,the NPV is$6981.82 with a DPP of 3.76 ***,a 30%increase in electricity prices improves the NPV to$10,005.18 and shortens the DPP to 2.76 years,whereas a 20%interest rate reduces the NPV to$1038.79 and extends the DPP to 6.08 ***,the annual PV energy generation exceeds total energy demand by 81 kWh,reducing grid dependency and lowering electricity ***,the PV system avoids approximately 3956.6 kg of CO_(2) emissions annually,underscoring its environmental benefits over traditional pumping *** a result,this study highlights the economic and environmental viability of PV-powered water pumping systems,offering actionable insights for sustainable energy solutions in agriculture.

关键词： PV pumping various head grid dependency net present value payback period

Hybrid Df and SIR forwarding Strategy in Conventional and Distributed Alamouti Space-Time Coded Cooperative Networks

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第2期142卷 1933-1954页

作者： Slim Chaoui omar Alruwaili faeiz Alserhani Haifa Harrouch Department of Computer Engineering and Networks College of Computer and Information SciencesJouf UniversitySakaka72388Saudi Arabia Computer Science Department Applied CollegeUniversity of HailHail55424Saudi Arabia

In this paper,we propose a hybrid decode-and-forward and soft information relaying(HDfSIR)strategy to mitigate error propagation in coded cooperative *** the HDfSIR approach,the relay operates in decode-and-forward(Df)mode when it successfully decodes the received message;otherwise,it switches to soft information relaying(SIR)*** benefits of the Df and SIR forwarding strategies are combined to achieve better performance than deploying the Df or SIR strategy ***-form expressions for the outage probability and symbol error rate(SER)are derived for coded cooperative communication with HDfSIR and energy-harvesting ***,we introduce a novel normalized log-likelihood-ratio based soft estimation symbol(NL-SES)mapping technique,which enhances soft symbol accuracy for higher-order modulation,and propose a model characterizing the relationship between the estimated complex soft symbol and the actual high-order modulated ***-more,the hybrid Df-SIR strategy is extended to a distributed Alamouti space-time-coded cooperative *** evaluate the~performance of the proposed HDfSIR strategy,we implement extensive monte Carlo simulations under varying channel *** demonstrate significant improvements with the hybrid technique outperforming individual Df and SIR strategies in both conventional and distributed Alamouti space-time coded cooperative ***,at a SER of 10^(-3),the proposed NL-SES mapping demonstrated a 3.5 dB performance gain over the conventional averaging one,highlighting its superior accuracy in estimating soft symbols for quadrature phase-shift keying modulation.

关键词： Cooperative communication soft information relaying soft symbols modeling cooperative diversity gain distributed Alamouti space-time code

Thermospheric neutral wind studies over the equatorial region:A review

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 81-100页

作者： Siti Syazwani Nasuha Idahwati Sarudin Nurul Shazana Abdul Hamid Ahmad fairuz omar School of Physics Universiti Sains Malaysia11800 USMPulau PinangMalaysia Department of Applied Physics Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 UKM BangiSelangorMalaysia Space Science Centre(ANGKASA) Institute of Climate ChangesUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 UKM BangiSelangorMalaysia

Thermospheric neutral winds(TNWs)refer to the neutral gases in the thermosphere circulating as tides,which play a crucial role in the dynamics of the thermosphere-ionosphere system(TIS).Global geospace neutral winds,particularly over the magnetic equator,have been a subject of study for several ***,despite the known importance of neutral winds,a comprehensive understanding and characterization of the winds is still *** ground-based and satellite missions have provided valuable information on the contribution of neutral winds to the global atmospheric ***,efforts in the global monitoring of neutral winds are still lacking,and the drivers behind the behavior of TNWs as well as their influence on the TIS remain *** address these knowledge gaps in the global circulation of TNWs,it is crucial to develop a deep understanding of the neutral wind characteristics over different *** low-latitude equatorial region in particular has been observed to exert complex influences on TNWs because of the unique effects of the Earth’s magnetic field at the dip *** neutral winds over this region will provide valuable insights into the unique dynamics and processes that occur in this region,thereby enhancing our understanding of their role in the overall dynamics of the ***,through empirical observations,an improved ability to accurately model and predict the behavior of this region can be *** review article addresses challenges in understanding equatorial winds by reviewing historical measurements,current missions,and the interactions of ionospheric and thermospheric phenomena,emphasizing the need for comprehensive measurements to improve global atmospheric dynamics and weather forecasting.

关键词： thermospheric neutral wind thermosphere-ionosphere system dip equator equatorial region

维普期刊数据库

Structural, electronic, and optical studies of chalcogenides stannite Cu_(2)CdSnX_(4)(X=S, Se, and Te): insights from the DfT study

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第2期21卷 69-76页

作者： Jamal GUERROUm mohamed AL-HATTAB Lhoucine mOUDOU Khalid RAHmANI Youssef LACHTIOUI omar BAJJOU Laboratory of Engineering in Chemistry and Physics of matter Faculty of Sciences and TechnicsSultan Moulay Slimane UniversityBeni Mellal BP 52323000Morocco Ecole Normale Supérieure Mohammed V University in RabatMorocco College of Graduate Studies University of South AfricaPretoriaSouth Africa

In this paper,we have calculated the structural,electronic,and optical properties of chalcogenide stannite Cu_(2)CdSnX4(X=S,Se,Te) *** calculations are based on the density functional theory (DfT) method and are performed using the Cambridge sequential total energy package (CASTEP) code included in the Biovia material Studio 20 *** optical properties have been studied in a domain that extends energetically from 10 meV to 40 *** results show that Cu_(2)CdSnX4(X=S,Se,Te) stannite exhibits absorption in the visible region,the refractive index decreases with increasing energy,and the refractive index values are n=3.2,3.73 and 3.75 for Cu_(2)CdSnS_(4),Cu_(2)CdSnSe_(4)and Cu_(2)CdSnTe_(4),*** show also high conductivity,which implies that this material is promising for solar *** results argue in favor of the use of these materials in various potential *** density of state,band structures,and structural properties of Cu_(2)CdSnX4(X=S,Se,and Te) stannite are also studied in this work.

关键词： materials electronic refractive

维普期刊数据库

Energy meteorology for the Evaluation of Solar farm Thermal Impacts on Desert Habitats

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ADVANCES IN ATmOSPHERIC SCIENCES 2025年第2期42卷 313-326页

作者： Coimbra, Carlos f. m. Univ Calif San Diego Ctr Excellence Renewable Resource Integrat Jacobs Sch Engn Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn La Jolla CA 92093 USA Univ Calif San Diego Ctr Energy Res La Jolla CA 92093 USA

This work addresses challenges and opportunities in the evaluation of solar power plant impacts, with a particular focus on thermal effects of solar plants on the environment and vice-versa. Large-scale solar power plants are often sited in arid or desert habitats, which tend to include fauna and flora that are highly sensitive to changes in temperature and humidity. Our understanding of both shortwave (solar) and longwave (terrestrial) radiation processes in solar power plants is complete enough to render the modeling of radiation fluxes with high confidence for most applications. In contrast to radiation, the convective environment in large-scale solar power plants is much more difficult to characterize. Wind direction, wind speed, turbulence intensity, dust concentration, ground condition, panel configuration density, orientation and distribution throughout the solar field, all affect the local environment, the balance between radiation and convection, and in turn, the performance and thermal impact of solar power plants. Because the temperatures of the two sides of photovoltaic (PV) panels depend on detailed convection-radiation balances, the uncertainty associated with convection affects the heat and mass transfer balances as well. Those balances are critically important in estimating the thermal impact of large-scale solar farms on local habitats. Here we discuss outstanding issues related with these transfer processes for utility-scale solar generation and highlight potential pathways to gain useful knowledge about the convective environment directly from solar farms under operating conditions. (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic). (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)

关键词： environmental impact solar farms thermal balances shortwave and longwave radiation convection (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)

Energy meteorology for the Evaluation of Solar farm Thermal Impacts on Desert Habitats

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第02期 313-326页

作者： Carlos f.m.COImBRA Department of mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Jacobs School of Engineering Center of Excellence in Renewable Resource Integration and Center for Energy Research University of California San Diego

This work addresses challenges and opportunities in the evaluation of solar power plant impacts, with a particular focus on thermal effects of solar plants on the environment and vice-versa. Large-scale solar power plants are often sited in arid or desert habitats, which tend to include fauna and flora that are highly sensitive to changes in temperature and humidity. Our understanding of both shortwave(solar) and longwave(terrestrial) radiation processes in solar power plants is complete enough to render the modeling of radiation fluxes with high confidence for most applications. In contrast to radiation, the convective environment in large-scale solar power plants is much more difficult to characterize. Wind direction, wind speed, turbulence intensity, dust concentration, ground condition, panel configuration density, orientation and distribution throughout the solar field, all affect the local environment, the balance between radiation and convection,and in turn, the performance and thermal impact of solar power plants. Because the temperatures of the two sides of photovoltaic(PV) panels depend on detailed convection–radiation balances, the uncertainty associated with convection affects the heat and mass transfer balances as well. Those balances are critically important in estimating the thermal impact of large-scale solar farms on local habitats. Here we discuss outstanding issues related with these transfer processes for utility-scale solar generation and highlight potential pathways to gain useful knowledge about the convective environment directly from solar farms under operating conditions.

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A Web Platform Based on the NIST CSf for Assessing and monitoring the Cybersecurity of SmEs and Critical Infrastructures

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2025年第1期15卷 274-284页

作者： mohamadou Konate Pegdwinde Justin Kouraogo omar Hamidou Harouna Institut Burkinabe des Arts et metiers (IBAm) Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Computer Science Department Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Science and Technology Training and Research Unit New Dawn University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The NIST Cybersecurity framework (NIST CSf) serves as a voluntary guideline aimed at helping organizations, tiny and medium-sized enterprises (SmEs), and critical infrastructure operators, effectively manage cyber risks. Although comprehensive, the complexity of the NIST CSf can be overwhelming, especially for those lacking extensive cybersecurity resources. Current implementation tools often cater to larger companies, neglecting the specific needs of SmEs, which can be vulnerable to cyber threats. To address this gap, our research proposes a user-friendly, open-source web platform designed to simplify the implementation of the NIST CSf. This platform enables organizations to assess their risk exposure and continuously monitor their cybersecurity maturity through tailored recommendations based on their unique profiles. Our methodology includes a literature review of existing tools and standards, followed by a description of the platform’s design and architecture. Initial tests with SmEs in Burkina faso reveal a concerning cybersecurity maturity level, indicating the urgent need for improved strategies based on our findings. By offering an intuitive interface and cross-platform accessibility, this solution aims to empower organizations to enhance their cybersecurity resilience in an evolving threat landscape. The article concludes with discussions on the practical implications and future enhancements of the tool.

关键词： Cybersecurity NIST CSf framework Cybersecurity Assessment Tool Cybersecurity mitigation Small and medium-Sized Enterprises Critical Infrastructure

medium Access Control QoS Analysis in VANET, fANET Software Defined Radio Platform

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Engineering(科研) 2025年第1期17卷 91-106页

作者： Pegdwindé Justin Kouraogo Hamidou Harouna omar Désiré Guel Department of Computer Science Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Doctoral School of Science and Technology Aube Nouvelle University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are critical for the advancement of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), enabling real-time vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications. However, ensuring Quality of Service (QoS) in VANETs is challenging due to high mobility, dynamic topologies, and interference. This study evaluates the performance of medium Access Control (mAC) protocols implemented on a Software-Defined Radio (SDR) platform to address these challenges. The research highlights the use of QoS-prescribed scheduling algorithms and multi-user detection techniques to optimize key performance metrics such as packet delivery ratio (PDR), throughput, and scalability. Simulation results demonstrate significant improvements under varying mobility and channel conditions, achieving stable communication and high user capacity in both fixed and high-mobility scenarios. The findings underscore the potential of SDR-based VANET solutions for enhancing reliability, scalability, and efficiency in dynamic vehicular environments. future directions include incorporating iterative methods and real-world testing to further refine QoS delivery in VANETs.

关键词： VANET medium Access Control (mAC) Quality of Service (QoS) Software-Defined Radio (SDR) mobility Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)

Channel Prediction for mAC Optimization in VANET, fANET Software Defined Radio Platform

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Engineering(科研) 2025年第1期17卷 124-135页

This work addresses the critical challenge of ensuring reliable communication in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) and drone networks (fANETs) under dynamic and high-mobility conditions. Current methods often fail to adequately predict rapid channel variations, leading to increased packet loss and degraded Quality of Service (QoS). To bridge this gap, we propose a novel cross-layer framework that integrates physical channel prediction into the medium Access Control (mAC) layer to optimize network performance. Our framework employs an ARImA (1, 0, 1) model for real-time channel prediction and dynamically adjusts mAC layer parameters to enhance throughput and reliability. Simulations demonstrate a 25% improvement in useful throughput and a 30% reduction in packet loss rates compared to baseline methods. These improvements enable practical applications in intelligent transportation systems and the efficient management of autonomous drones. Key contributions include: 1) Development of a cross-layer framework that integrates channel prediction and mAC optimization. 2) Demonstration of the framework’s effectiveness through monte Carlo simulations in high-mobility scenarios. 3) Quantitative validation of enhanced throughput and reliability, highlighting the system’s potential for real-world deployment.

关键词： Prediction Cross-Layer multiuser Detection Packet Error Rate Goodput